WO1989011932A1

WO1989011932A1 - Composite tool

Info

Publication number: WO1989011932A1
Application number: PCT/CH1989/000101
Authority: WO
Inventors: Markus Stauffer; Martin Lemp
Original assignee: G. Stauffer & Co. Ag Werkzeug- Und Vorrichtungsbau
Priority date: 1988-06-02
Filing date: 1989-05-30
Publication date: 1989-12-14
Also published as: GB2239830A; JPH02504490A; EP0378601A1; GB9002535D0

Abstract

Said tool can be dismantled but this does not make it less sturdy than integral tools. The fact that it can be dismantled makes it possible to exchange the wearing part, i.e. the cutter. Moreover the cuttting part can be mounted in predetermined angle positions so that only one tool is required for various angle positions, whereas previously one tool was required for every desired angle position. Said tool consists of a cutting part (1), a guiding part (2) and a shank part (3, 3'), which can all be separated from each other. The cutting part has a form closure (16, 16') which fits into a recess in the guiding part (2) and by means of which the cutting part (1) can be centred and the cutter (1') can be immobilized in a given angle position (alpha) of the cutting part (1).

Description

S Y S T E M W E R K Z E U G

The invention relates to a tool, in particular a punching tool according to the preamble of claim 1.

5 Metalworking tools are generally exposed to processing-specific loads, cutting tools other than punching tools, cutting tools other than striking tools and so on. As a result, the various tool manufacturers are located in narrow specialist areas and usually do not overlap.

Within an area of tools, for example the stamping tools, which area is the subject of the discussion here, l δ further divisions into special areas have resulted. The system tools are an example. This type of punching tool is used exclusively on manual or numerically controlled punching and nibbling machines in which the tools are brought into the punching position by hand, by means of a revolver, chain magazine or similar conveyor systems. To do this, the tools used had to be adapted to such machines. Typically, this was done by chucking one conventional tool was adapted to the clamping device of such a machine.

System tools thus differ from the classic tools from which they originate, in many cases only in the position of the mounting diameter, which is precisely defined for the cutting shape, in the punch of the clamping shaft, in the die, in the outside diameter, and, if necessary, by additional adjustment notches or - cams and / or by handle or manipulation points at which such tools for automated changeover can be tackled and used with mechanical means.

Whole tool sets are kept ready for use in such punching presses. With the standardization of these tool sets, the so-called system tools were created, which should contribute to an optimization of the available tool set due to the expensive clamping devices, the number of which is to be kept low. However, none of this did not prevent the tools, true to their classic model, from being still more an adaptation of a tool than real system tools.

For example, in the case of a punching tool on an automatic turret punching machine, the clamping shank within the grid is always the same size for different dimensions of the cutting part, which is directly related to a poor ratio between the volume of the cutting part and the total volume of the entire tool (for example 5% -15 %) leads. Tools with small cutting dimensions therefore have a disproportionately large proportion of the shank, which, since the tool is in one piece, is also involved in the tool wear. Try to close the chuck from the cutting part Solving and making the latter interchangeable led to unsatisfactory results, so that one-piece punching tools are still the rule today. This applies above all to the tools in the lower punching area.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a tool system for a punching machine which is inexpensive to manufacture, economical in the use and processing of materials, and the wear parts of which can be replaced in a simple manner. Furthermore, the cutting edges of the replaceable wear parts should also be usable in various radial positions.

Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a measure according to which a tool system for a punching machine can be provided with interchangeable wear parts in all size gradations, with these interchangeable wear parts, the actual tool, being able to implement the cutting edge alignment in different radial positions without having to change the clamping position of the punch.

These objects are achieved by the invention defined in claim 1.

On the basis of the figures listed below, an exemplary embodiment of the inventive measure on a punching tool is to be discussed in detail.

1 shows part of a system tool (stamp) according to the prior art, 2 shows part of a system tool (stamp) according to the invention, with the same external dimensions, but with a detachable cutting part,

3 shows a part of the demountable stamp according to the invention without the guide part,

FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of the cutting part from above to make the angle adjustment possibility more visible,

5 shows a stamp with a releasable cutting part, which is designed for larger tool dimensions; in relation to length to width, it is square,

6 shows, analogously to FIG. 3, part of the separable stamp according to the invention without the guide part,

7 shows, analogously to FIG. 4, the cutting part of a stamp, as shown in FIG. 5, seen from above,

8 shows, as a further embodiment, a transition part or polygon part for implementing the cutting angle positioning,

9 A, B, C show some examples of the cutting angle positioning when using different transition or polygon parts,

10 shows a transition or polygon part n = 6 / n = 8 for setting angle steps of α = 15 ° seen from above, 11 shows the example of a cutting part according to the invention as it is offered to the buyer as a replacement part.

The invention is based on the following consideration. Tools, in particular punching tools, are exposed to enormous workers when high accuracy is required. Basically, these two demands run against each other. The interchangeability of the cutting edges that wear out is obvious to everyone, since the desired interchangeability requires a detachable connection that results in a weakening of the tool.

The interchangeability of the wearable cutting edges, which is obvious to everyone, is a real obstacle here, since the desired interchangeability requires a detachable connection, which either leads to a weakening of the tool, can impair the accuracy or fix the detachable connection with it brings.

Any measure of this type on the punch for attaching a holding device for the cutting part must either weaken the tool or impair its working accuracy or both. This also applies to measures for adjusting the cutting edge angle of the die, which impair the cross-section. If the punch can now be dismantled in such a way that the force flow during a punching process does not pass through a critical zone caused by the disassembly, so the dismantled (and detachably reassembled) stamp behaved almost the same as an undismantled stamp. It was therefore a challenge at the time of the invention to find a decomposition that met this criterion. If the design is also selected The fact that the orientation of the cutting tool can also be fixed in the desired direction when the cutting tool is inserted, and that the cutting part can be easily removed from its holder despite the numerous punching processes when changing the cutting edge, is the goal achieved.

The stamp shown in FIG. 1 according to the prior art is a one-piece stamp with a cutting part 1, a guide part 2 and a shaft part 3. The guide part 2 has, in addition to a positioning pin 18, one, two or more circumferential grooves, lubricant chambers on the circumference 4, in which a lubricant depot is created. The stamp runs with its guide part 2 in a stamp guide 6, only half of which is drawn, and it is clamped on a clamping thread 10 in a clamping nut 7. The punch guide 6 is extended into a scraper 8 and between the clamping nut and the punch guide a scraper spring 9 is effective, which is compressed in FIG. 1 against its compressive force. The cutting part 1 has just penetrated a workpiece 11 in this image and pushed a waste part 12 out of the workpiece. In the following moment the stamp will be withdrawn and the stripper will hold the clamped workpiece 11 in place so that it cannot be pulled up.

After a certain number of stamp cuts, the entire tool, the stamp, must be replaced. This is no longer necessary with a stamp according to the invention.

The force curve P from the clamping nut 7 to the cutting edge 1 runs at a stamp pressure in the same way as with a loaded column. Now, however, _^ system tools are tied to certain dimensions in their gradual coordination (the grid) in order to be able to systems can be clamped. In FIG. 1, it is the guide part 2 that is too large for the cutting part 1. Here, there is the possibility of a skillful dismantling of the stamp for an interchangeability of the wearing parts (mainly the cutting edges) without its strength being impaired and further additional properties which the tool has not previously had can be realized . The angle adjustment of the cutting edge is particularly addressed here. Until now, either a separate stamp corresponding to this angle had to be kept ready for a desired angle adjustment of the cutting edge, or the stamp had to be repositioned by means of an indexing pin or a corresponding groove, if the desired angle is provided at random. However, different angles can now be set by the invention with one and the same cutting part. Thus, only a single positioning pin 18 is required, which secures the radial connection to the machine against the rotation of the stamp.

Figure 2 shows the exemplary embodiment of the stamp according to the invention. It essentially consists of three parts that can be separated from one another, a cutting part 1, a guide part 2 and a shaft part 3. The shaft part 3 has an elongated clamping shaft 3 ', the clamping thread 10 is arranged at the upper end for clamping the tool and at the lower end A clamping thread 10 'is arranged at the end for clamping the cutting part 1'. The shaft part 3 is shown again in FIG. 3, here screwed into a cutting part 1. If one now looks at the shaft part with the cutting part in FIG. 3, it can be seen that the shaft part mainly serves to connect the cutting part to the guide part. The compressive forces (impact) are absorbed by the guide part and the tensile forces (retraction) by the shaft part. The significantly lower transverse and torsional forces are exerted by the cutting edge via a polygon pin 16, here with the threaded hole for the clamping thread 10 '. passed on the guide part and intercepted by the locking pin 18. The dimensioning of the locking pin already shows that these forces are small to very small in relation to the two axial punch forces. O

The guide part 2 now has a central bore 13 through which the elongated clamping shaft 3 'is guided in order to hold the cutting part 1, which can now be released. In order that the guide part 2 can also provide a compressive force to the cutting part, it is provided, for example, with a conical shoulder 15 in which the clamping shaft 3, 3 'can be supported. This measure also protects the thread 10 'for fastening the cutting part 1 from excessive force. The cutting part 1, 1 'itself is additionally supported on the guide part 2. Depending on the tension between the cutting part 1 and the clamping shank 3, 3 'caused by the screwing in of the cutting part, the flow of force through the guide part 2 will have a greater or lesser proportion. In this way, the guide part with its fixed diameter is used appropriately for the transmission of compressive forces, so that the disassembly brings additional advantages. The - cutting part 1 with the cutting edge 1 'is additionally supported on the guide part 2.

5 The tendon part 1 has a pin 16 which is designed as an n-corner, here, for example, as an octagon, see FIG. 4. It serves for centering and at the same time for adjusting the angle of the cutting edge. FIG. 3 shows with the arrow a the angular adjustability of the cutting part by means of the polygon of the stamp, which as a rule is axially non-rotatable. This option saves the storage of several expensive tools. In FIG. 4, the cutting part 1 can be seen from the polygon pin 16, that is to say from above. The cutting edge 1 'of the cutting part 1 can be seen, which in the direction of the arrow a is in different positions of the octagonal pin, which in the guide tion part 2 find, can be positioned. For example, the positions α = (0 °, 45 °, 90 ° etc.) can be realized and the resolution (smallest angle) is 45 °. Of course, other angles and also a higher resolution (smaller angle steps) can also be provided, as will be explained below using another embodiment. A variety of angle settings can be achieved with the positive connection shown here. With this measure, a centering and angle adjustment mechanism "within" the stamp has been created.

Another possibility for adjusting the angle (not shown in the drawing) is that a pin is inserted on the cutting edge part, which in one of several bores (blind holes) 16 'arranged in the same radius but at different angles in the guide part 2 can be introduced. This makes it possible to bring about an angular adjustment of the cutting edge. However, the above-mentioned embodiment with polygon inserts can be used more universally, as will be explained further below.

For stamps with a larger diameter, the interchangeability of the cutting edges is brought about by disassembly, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6. Note the volume ratio of the cutting part to the shaft or guide part, which is not much more than 1/6 to 1/20. The interchangeability of the wear part and the angular distributability of the cutting part is also very desirable for tools of this size. Figure 5 shows such a tool according to the invention with a cutting part 1 with an angle adjustment pin 16 (without a threaded hole), with a guide part 2, through which two clamping shaft extensions 3 'are guided for fastening the cutting part 1 and finally with the clamping shaft 3, which is in the guide part 2 is integrated in such a way that the clamping thread 10 for clamping the tool in the foot tion part is arranged. Here, too, the decomposition does not weaken the static properties.

Due to the large diameter of the cutting and guiding part, a larger-sized angle adjustment pin 16 and two clamping shaft extensions 3 'are advantageous, the latter being two screws in this example. The angular adjustability, see FIG. 7, is likewise similar to that shown in FIG. 4, except that the pin 16 is arranged between threaded holes for the screws 10 ′ arranged in pairs opposite one another.

FIG. 5 shows with the arrow a the angular adjustability of the cutting part of the tool, which is inherently non-rotatable. This option also saves the storage of several expensive tools. 7 shows the cutting part 1 from the polygon pin 16, that is to say from above. One recognizes the cutting edge 1 'of the cutting part 1, which can be positioned in the direction of the arrow a in different positions of the polygon pin 16, which is accommodated in the guide part 2. This means that the positions α = (0 °, 45 °, 90 ° etc., for the octagon) can be realized. Of course, other angles can also be provided and, finally, a higher resolution of the angle setting can also be achieved by a different type of positive locking than shown here.

FIG. 8 shows such an embodiment for centering and angular adjustment of a cutting part with a higher resolution. A polygon piece 16 ′ is additionally arranged above the polygon pin 16 and has an outer polygon on the outer circumference that deviates from the inner polygon. With this embodiment, on the one hand smaller polygon angles can be inserted than the individual polygon would allow, on the other hand mixing angles can be realized those that can no longer be produced by a polygon (e.g. 32 °). Figures 9A, 9B, 9C show some of these possibilities. 9A and 9B show the substitution of an n = 24 and n = 18 polygon by polygon pieces 16 'with n = 6 and n = 8 or n = 6 and n = 9, FIG. 9C shows a polygon piece 16 'for an angle that is not a substitution. There are thus two things: the substitution of n = corners with a high number of corners by those with a much smaller number of corners and the possibility of angle settings which were not possible with a single polygon.

FIG. 10 shows the cross section of such a polygon piece 16 'with n = 6 / n = 8. A polygon piece designed in this way substitutes with its 14 faces, for example, an n = 24 polygon pin (according to FIG. 9A) and has an angular section resolution of 15 ° (as the smallest angle).

FIG. 11 shows an example of a tendon part designed according to the first embodiment in a perspective view. In this form it is offered to the buyer as an exchange part. In this example, the polygon pin is designed as an octagon, the cutting edge as a rectangle. The material volume ratio of the polygon pin 16 to the cutting part 1 'is visibly favorable. If one considers that the material is a very hard and tough special alloy, one recognizes immediately the possibility of saving only through the relatively expensive tool material, of which much less has to be used now.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E

Punching tool with a clamping part (3, 3 '), a guide part (2) and a tendon part (1), characterized in that at least part (3') of the clamping part (3, 3 ') and the cutting part ( 1) are detachably arranged on the guide part (2) and that the tendon part (1, 1) is held on the guide part by at least part (3 ') of the clamping part (3, 3').

2. Punching tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting part (1) and the guide part (2) are held together by the shaft part (3, 3 ') and are releasably fixed thereon.

15

3. Punching tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the clamping part (3,3 ') a clamping shaft (3) with a clamping thread (10) and an elongated clamping shaft (3') with a thread (10 ') for Clamping the cutting part (1). 20th

Punching tool according to claim 3, characterized in that the extended clamping shaft (3 ') with the. Thread (10 ') for clamping the cutting part (1) is arranged on the clamping shaft (3) with the clamping thread (10). 5. Punching tool according to claim 3, characterized in that the elongated clamping shaft (3 ') is arranged in a bore (13) through the center of the guide part (2) in its sliding direction.

Punching tool according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a positive connection (16, 16 ') is provided between the guide part (2) and the cutting part (1) or the clamping shaft (3), with which a definite 10 te angular position (α) of the cutting part (1) can be held.

7. Detachable cutting part (1) to a punching tool according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the cutting part (1) has means for releasably arranging it on the guide part (2) and that on the cutting part (1) into a recess in the guide part (2) suitable form fit (16, 16 ') is provided, with which the cutting part (1) centers in the guide part (2) and the cutting edge (1') in a certain angular position (a) of the cutting part ( 1) can be determined.

10

8. Cutting part according to claim 7, characterized in that a positive connection (16, 16 '), which is also a centering projection, is provided on the tendon part (1).

15

Cutting part according to claim 8, characterized in that the positive connection (16, 16 ') is designed as a polygon.

20th 10. Cutting part according to claim 9, characterized in that the positive connection (16, 16 '), which is also the centering projection, is designed as an n-corner pin.

5

11. Cutting part according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that it has a positive connection from two polygonal bodies (16, 16 ').

10

12. Cutting part according to claim 11, characterized in that the one polygon body as an n-corner pin (16) and the other polygon part (16 ') as a polygon ring that can be plugged onto the n-corner pin, with an inner polygon that differs from Outside polygon is designed. 15

13. Punching tool suitable for the cutting part according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the guide part (2) has a recess in order to form a positive connection with 20 the form-fitting parts (16, 16 ') of the cutting part (1), through which the cutting part (1) is centered in the guide part (2) and the cutting edge (1 ') can be locked in a certain angular position (α) of the cutting part (1). 25

14. Punching tool according to claim 13, characterized in that a clamping part (3, 3 ') for fastening the cutting part (1) to the guide part (2) is provided which engages on the form-fitting part (16). 15. Punching tool according to claim 13, characterized in that clamping parts (3, 3 ') are provided for fastening the cutting part (1) to the guide part (2), which engage outside the form-fitting part (16).