WO1989009395A1 - Papier et procede pour detecter l'usage de marijuana - Google Patents

Papier et procede pour detecter l'usage de marijuana Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989009395A1
WO1989009395A1 PCT/US1989/001304 US8901304W WO8909395A1 WO 1989009395 A1 WO1989009395 A1 WO 1989009395A1 US 8901304 W US8901304 W US 8901304W WO 8909395 A1 WO8909395 A1 WO 8909395A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
test
chemically
metabolite
biological fluid
reagent
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1989/001304
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English (en)
Inventor
Conny Dee Johnson
Joseph Fraser
Original Assignee
Keystone Diagnostics, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Keystone Diagnostics, Inc. filed Critical Keystone Diagnostics, Inc.
Publication of WO1989009395A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989009395A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/94—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving narcotics or drugs or pharmaceuticals, neurotransmitters or associated receptors
    • G01N33/948—Sedatives, e.g. cannabinoids, barbiturates

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a procedure for detecting the presence of the metabolic products of Marijuana in biological fluids. More particularly, the invention is directed to a procedure comprising a simplified screening method which provides rapid qualitative results for use in determining the need for additional or confirmatory testing.
  • TLC Thin-Layered Chromatography
  • EMIT Enzyme Multiplied Immunoassay Technique
  • RIA Radioimmunoassay
  • GLC Gas-Liquid Chromatography
  • Thin layer chromatography screening procedures for detecting drugs in urine require the careful preparation of a test specimen and then a skillful application of that test specimen to a plate placed into a developing chamber. Once the plate is removed from the chamber and dried, it is sprayed with visualization reagents. Location and color of spots are compared with those of known standards. Qualitative judgments are made as to the presence of various drugs in the unknown sample. The procedure is tedious, time consuming and requires skilled personnel to interpret the results.
  • the EMIT procedure is a semi-quantitative immunoassay for drugs of abuse in biological fluids.
  • the laboratory test requires trained technicians to perform and the equipment necessarily costs several thousands of dollars.
  • the RIA procedure is a sensitive and quantitative laboratory procedure for detecting drugs of abuse.
  • the various immunochemicals are labeled with radioactive compounds and require special eare in their use and disposal.
  • a license is required from the government to use this laboratory procedure because of the presence of radioactive materials.
  • the GLC procedure can provide the highest degree of accuracy in drug analysis. However, the necessary equipment is expensive and the procedure is complicated. Consequently, highly trained personnel are required for its use.
  • the visualization reagents used in thin-layer chromatography are well known and their use is explained in U.S. Patent No. 3,590,006.
  • a particular method of handling the chemical visualization reagents for the TLC procedure is found in the U.S. Patent No. 3,912,655.
  • dry strips of paper impregnated with fixed amounts of the visualization reagent are prepared as a storage medium for the reagent to be used in the thin-layer chromatography procedures.
  • Both of these disclosures are directed to producing a drug abuse test paper designed to replace the thin-layer chromatography procedure.
  • both are designed to produce both a qualitative and quantitative analysis of abuse-type drugs in a biological fluid.
  • the U.S. Patent No. 3,955,926 discloses a test process suitable for identifying narcotics in solid form. A sample of the material which is suspected to be a narcotic is subjected to a solvent for that particular narcotic. An absorbent, impregnated paper containing at least one component of a color reagent in dry form is then subjected to the solvent. This particular prior art test is not applicable to the detection of the presence of an abuse-type drug in a biological fluid such as urine.
  • a drug abuse test indicator device and a method of making same is disclosed in the international publication WO 84/02397.
  • the matrix of a bibulous material is impregnated with a dry staining agent in precise amounts which are prepared in accordance with unique procedures whereby pH insensitivity and unique color change sensitivities to test fluids are obtained.
  • This disclosure is said to be an improvement over the procedure disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,915,639 which discloses the use of coatings on a carrier body requiring the use of an ion exchange resin, a staining agent and a color intensifier- stabilizer material.
  • Each of these earlier disclosures make use of the visualization reagents commonly used in the thin-layer chromatography procedures.
  • Both of these disclosures are directed to producing a drug abuse test paper designed to replace the thin-layer chromatography procedure. Thus, both are designed to produce both a qualitative and quantitative analysis of abuse-type drugs in a biological fluid.
  • the diagnostic test paper of the present invention has been developed for use as an initial indicator test for the presence of marijuana or its metabolic product, the cannabinoids.
  • the present system developed in accordance with this invention is not intended for monitoring therapeutic levels nor as a basis for any therapeutic treatment based on test results.
  • the invention of this disclosure is designed as a simplified screening method providing rapid qualitative results for use in determining the need for additional or confirmatory testing.
  • the basic idea is to screen the numerous samples of biological fluids collected at collection centers for drugs of abuse and their screening programs and determine which ones are a positive. Only those which show a positive result are then sent to the laboratory for further testing.
  • the diagnostic test procedure and its equipment is readily understood by persons who are unskilled in chemical laboratory procedures. That is, the primary users of the test will be the staff of the various collection centers such as clinics specifically set up for screening programs, methadone treatment centers and the like.
  • the procedure of the present invention is a qualitative test based on color producing visualization reagents used in thin-layer and paper chromatography.
  • TLC visualization reagents are used to react with materials of interest to produce an area that is visually distinct from the background due to unreacted reagent.
  • the invention of this system does not attempt the separation and identification of individual components. Rather, the system is a method of screening biological fluids to determine the aggregate presence qf marijuana's primary metabolic products which react with the visualization reagent impregnated in the test paper.
  • the screening procedure of the present invention provides an extremely important advance in the drug abuse detection technology. That is, thousands of
  • Emit st Urine Cannabinoid Assay employs a homogeneous enzyme immunoassay to detect the major urinary metabolite of THC, ll-nor-9- carboxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, a compound having the following structure:
  • Each vial contains antibodies, the coenzyme (NAD) , enzyme- labeled drug, enzyme substrate and buffer.
  • the endpoint for the reaction is determined by a photometric measurement of NADH.
  • the absorbance change in the sample mixture is compared to that in a calibrator mixture containing 100 ng/ml of the metabolite. Any sample having an absorbance change greater than that of the calibrator is considered to be positive.
  • the invention as disclosed and described herein includes a diagnostic test paper, a method of making the test paper, a method of using the test paper, a syringe assembly and a particular solvent composition useful in preparing a test specimen of a biological fluid.
  • This metabolite is hereinafter also referred to as the "THC metabolite''.
  • the carrier material includes a concentrated color producing visualization reagent.
  • the visualization reagent is present in an amount sufficient to change color in the carrier material when contacted by cannabinoids introduced into the carrier material via a test specimen.
  • a specific embodiment of the diagnostic test paper includes the use of a solution of a diazonium salt.
  • the reagent may be impregnated into the paper by dipping a bibulous carrier material therein or applied to the carrier material in a drop-wise fashion.
  • Either type of reagent paper will function in the system of this invention with differing degrees of sensitivity.
  • the test paper is used to perform the method of screening urine specimens for the presence of the THC metabolite. That is, the visualization reagent in the specific embodiment of this invention is reactive to the THC metabolite.
  • the diazonium salts used herein such as "Fast Blue B”, “Fast Blue BB” and “Fast Corinth / are commercially available.
  • the test paper is impregnated with a diazonium salt to form a yellow color on the surface of a bibulous carrier material, such as a paper strip.
  • a bibulous carrier material such as a paper strip.
  • the matrix of the paper strip has the capacity to hold a liquid test specimen for a time sufficient to react any substance contained therein which might be reactive with the diazonium reagent.
  • the bibulous material is dried after the diazonium reagent is placed onto the sheet.
  • the cleanup procedure involves the use of a syringe assembly comprising a syringe canister including a plunger element with packing material disposed within the canister.
  • the plunger element is slidably disposed to successively pull into and discharge out materials being subjected to the chemically adsorbent material constituting the packing.
  • the purpose of this cleanup procedure is to eliminate interfering or extraneous materials which may cause a false positive.
  • the specific embodiment of this invention includes use of a reverse phase liquid chromatography material. The urine specimen is successively pulled into contact with the packing column and discharged out the same inlet. A wash solution is then drawn into the syringe to eliminate the interfering substances.
  • the solvent solution in the present case is acetone which elutes any THC metabolite bound to the packing.
  • the organic solvent with the THC metabolite dissolved therein is then applied directly to the test specimen applying area of the diagnostic test paper. After a brief drying period, an aqueous buffer solution is then applied to the same area of the test paper as the test specimen and any THC metabolite will cause the formation of a pink to red color ring.
  • FIGURE 1 is a view of a diagnostic test paper mad in accordance with this invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a test paper as shown in Figure l after a urine specimen has been applied thereon showing a negative result
  • FIGURE 3 is a top view of a test paper as shown i Figure 1 after a test specimen having a positive result showing presence of the THC metabolite;
  • FIGURE 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the syringe and cartridge combination embodiment utilized for clarifying the biological test specimen.
  • FIGURE 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the syringe with the packed column utilized for clarifying the biological test specimen.
  • Marijuana Screen of this invention is intended as a rapid method of screening urine specimens for the presence of ll-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannibinol, the principal metabolite of tetrahydrocannabinol. It is not intended for use as a confirmatory test for the presence of ll-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. It is not intended for monitoring therapeutic levels nor as- a basis for any therapeutic treatment based on the test results. It is designed as a simple screening method which provides rapid, qualitative results for use in determining the need for additional or confirmatory testing. It is expected that the primary users of the test will be staff associated with collection centers for drug abuse screening programs, clinical laboratories and correctional institutions.
  • TLC thin-layer and paper chromatography
  • the Test screen system of this invention combines two functions: the sample is treated to isolate and concentrate the substances of interest prior to detection (the isolation procedure is similar to common laboratory sample clean-up methods) .
  • the biological fluid sample preferably urine
  • the column is washed to remove additional extraneous materials and the THC metabolite is removed with a small volume of a suitable solvent.
  • Tox Elut extraction column for urine drug abuse screening by TLC
  • Baker-10 SPE columns for extraction from urines prior to HPLC analysis
  • EXTRELUT QE columns for sample preparation in urine drug abuse screening by TLC.
  • Tox-Elut is a product of Analytichem International.
  • Baker- 10 SPE is a product of J.T. Baker Chemicals.
  • EXTRELUT QE is a product of EM Services.
  • the isolated drug substances in a concentrated form, are now available for analysis. Chromatographic methods would now involve additional separation procedures and the use of a detection system to allow identification of individual compounds. A variety of diazonium salts may be useful as visualization reagents for the detection of THC metabolites.
  • the action of the indicator is to form a colored compound on the paper upon reaction with urinary materials preferably isolated by the clean-up procedure.
  • the rinse solution is preferably a phosphate buffer and slightly acidic to neutral solution (a pH of about 6.0 to 7.0) which is also preferably mixed with an . aqueous alcohol solution.
  • this invention also comprises a a method of screening a biological fluid to determine the presence of a marijuana metabolite therein, said method comprising the steps of: a) providing a bibulous carrier material including a color producing visualization reagent having a first color said visualization reagent being present in an amount sufficient to change color in the carrier material when contacted by a marijuana metabolite introduced into said carrier material via a biological fluid test specimen; b) providing an amount of a biological fluid test specimen to be screened to a chemically absorbent material to absorb a marijuana metabolite from said biological fluid test specimen; c) treating said chemically absorbent material to produce an elution solution, derived from said biological fluid test specimen, which may contain said marijuana metabolite separate from any extraneous material which may have been present in said biological fluid test specimen and which extraneous material was also absorbed by said chemically absorbent material; d) applying said elution solution directly to the bibulous carrier material to cause any of said marijuana metabolite present in
  • the biological fluid test specimen is urine and said chemically adsorbent material is a C-18 reverse phase liquid chromatographic packing; said visualization reagent in said bibulous carrier material comprises a diazonium salt producing a first color; and said rinse solution comprises a buffered solution having a pH in the range of from about 6.0 to about 7.0 and which contains an alcohol.
  • a urine specimen is drawn into either a packed syringe column (FIG. 4) or packed cartridge/syringe combination (FIG. 5) thereby binding urinary components, including marijuana metabolites.
  • Extraneous materials such as phenolic-type material, which may interfere with obtaining reliable results with the visualization reagent, are eliminated by a phosphate buffer, alcohol-water wash with the cartridge or separate washes by first a phosphase buffer solution and second an alcohol-water wash with the packed syringe.
  • the THC metabolites are then eluted with acetone, are applied directly to the diazonium salt impregnated paper 11 (FIG. 1) , and then are washed on the paper with an application of an additional color forming solution, preferably, the phosphate buffer.
  • a pink to red color in both procedures indicates the presence of THC. (The test will detect 100 ng/ml consistently) .
  • the rinse solutions are drawn into and discharged from the packing material to satisfactorily eliminate any of the interfering and extraneous materials retained on the column.
  • the rinse solution leaves any THC metabolites which may have been present in the urine retained by the column.
  • the test specimen is slowly discharged out of the syringe until completely dispensed with the syringe tip being above or touched to the test paper.
  • the solvent is then allowed to evaporate with the color forming agent being applied after evaporation is completed. This may take up to two minutes.
  • test specimen is negative (no marijuana metabolite present)
  • test paper 12 there may be a very faint and diffuse purple background present 14 (FIG. 2) along with a yellow/green ring 13 (FIG. 2) .
  • test paper 15 (FIG. 3) if the THC metabolite is present, a distinct pink-red color ring will form 19 (FIG. 3) surrounding a pink to red shaded area 16 (FIG. 3) .
  • the embodiment of Figure 3 shows a specimen positive for the presence of a marijuana metabolite. Samples yielding a positive result by the method of the present invention should always be tested using a different technique for confirmation.
  • Any ambiguous or uncertain results should also be sent out for further testing with a different technique such as those discussed hereinabove.
  • the purpose of the present invention is simply to eliminate a host of tests which normally would have to be conducted using the extremely expensive laboratory procedures which are already available and well known as discussed hereinabove.
  • a positive test is indicative of the presence of a THC metabolite in a person from whom the biological fluid sample was taken.
  • a minimum of 5 to 50 milliliters, and preferably 15 milliliters, of urine should be used with the cartridge embodiment and about .5 to 25, and preferably, 5 milliliters should be used for the packed syringe column embodiment.
  • Fresh urine specimens or those which have been refrigerated up to two weeks may be used. Specimens remaining refrigerated for longer than a two week period or unrefrigerated may cause unreliable results such as a possible false positive reactions due to decomposition of components in the urine.
  • the diagnostic test paper 10 (FIG. 1) of this invention is preferably a bibulous carrier material used which, is preferably impregnated with a dry residue of visualization reagent.
  • the preferred carrier material used throughout the various embodiments of this invention is Whatman 31ET.
  • the visualization reagent material used in this invention for the detection of the THC metabolite includes diazonium salts. These materials are commercially available from various suppliers such as Aldrich Chemical Co. and Sigma Chemical Co. These varieties useful in this process are known by the following trade names and have the accompanying chemical structures:
  • the diazonium salt is used to fully impregnate the bibulous carrier (test paper) material. Once this visualization solution has been allowed to dry the test paper material is ready for use. Accurate results are also obtainable without the need to prepare a test specimen applying area although the presence of a test specimen applying area is an acceptable embodiment of this invention.
  • the elution solution derived from the urine sample is applied after the cleanup procedure directly to test paper.
  • This isolation procedure preferably utilizes a standard syringe 20 (FIG. 4) having a syringe canister 21 with a slidably disposed plunger element 22 therein which is used to draw material into said canister.
  • the material would be forced from said syringe canister 21 so as to have it contact a chemically absorbent material or packing material 23.
  • the packing material is preferably separately disposed within a cartridge 24. (i.e. "Sep-Pak", commercially available from the Millipore company) .
  • a reverse phase liquid chromatographic packing is preferably used as the packing material in the clarification of a biological fluid test specimen when testing for the presence of the THC metabolite.
  • the isolation procedure in another embodiment of the present invention (FIG. 5), provides a short column within the syringe canister 21 containing a non-polar adsorbent packing (chemically absorbent) material 25.
  • the THC metabolite and other interfering materials are to be retained by this chemically adsorbent material contained within the syringe canister.
  • the plunger 22 is operated to successively pull into and out of the column a measured amount of the biological fluid; namely, urine.
  • the column chemically adsorbent packing material 23 or 25 may be selected f om any one of the group of extraction columns for urine drug abuse screening procedures.
  • Such well known columns are normally used in 5 expensive vacuum equipment which operates to pass the materials through the column in one direction only. It was found to be totally unexpected that such a procedure could even produce the kind of excellent chromatographic results as have been achieved in accordance with the present 10 invention.
  • the various components including the interfering and extraneous materials along with any THC metabolite present in the urine is retained by the absorption column.
  • a preferred embodiment of this invention comprises a qualitative test which uses a diazonium salt for detecting marijuana metabolites in urine.
  • a urine specimen is drawn into a syringe-column
  • Urinary components including marijuana metabolites, are bound to the special packing. Many interferences or extraneous materials are eliminated by a buffer wash. Compounds of interest are eluted with an organic solvent and applied directly to the test paper. A reaction occurs between the diazonium reagent in the paper and any marijuana metabolite constituents in the eluant to produce a pink to red color. 5
  • the components necessary for this test to be carried out are preferably:
  • a minimum 15 ml of urine is required for this test.
  • this test uses fresh urine specimens or those that have not been refrigerated for more than two weeks. Unrefrigerated specimens ⁇ r those refrigerated for longer than two weeks may cause unreliable results (e.g., false positives due to urine decomposition or false negatives due to degradation of the metabolite) .
  • the packed cartridge syringe combination is preferably prepared for receipt of a sample as follows: a. Eleven to fifteen ml of rinse solution and 0.3 to 0.5 ml elution solution are needed for each test. The beakers are labeled Elution Solution, and Rinse. b. Use only enough solution for current testing. To avoid contamination, do not pour the solutions back into the bottles. c. Attach the short end of the cartridge to the 15 ml syringe column. d. Place the tip of the cartridge into the Rinse solution and pull the plunger up to draw the solution to the indicated fill line. Keep the tip of the cartridge well below the liquid level to keep from drawing air into the syringe.
  • the packed cartridge syringe combination preferably receives a sample as follows: a. Record the specimen number or code. b. Place the tip of the 15 ml syringe into the urine and pull the plunger up to draw the specimen to the indicated fill line. c. Attach the short end of the cartridge to the syringe column. d. Discharge the urine into the waste container by pushing down on the plunger. e. Remove cartridge from syringe column. f. Draw the fluid from the Rinse, solution beaker into the barrel of the syringe- column to the indicated fill line. Attach short end of cartridge to syringe column. g. Discharge the liquid into the waste container by pushing down on the plunger. h.
  • test area that was wet with elution solution is compared with the surrounding area. If marijuana metabolites are present, an intense pink or red ring will appear within 30 seconds after the application of the elution solution. The test result is negative if no intense pink or red ring appears within 30 seconds after the application of the elution solution.
  • Marijuana test of this invention is a qualitative test. Results are based on visual observation of changes in the test paper. The test paper should be checked for the appearance of a pink-red ring after the application of the elution solvent.
  • Marijuana test Materials which do not interfere with this Marijuana test include: opiates, amphetamines, PCP, cocaine or ibuprophen. Although unlikely, Benzoidazepines may give positive results.
  • a urine specimen is drawn into a packed syringe-column (FIG. 5).
  • Urinary components including marijuana metabolites, are bound to the special column packing. Many interferences or extraneous materials are eliminated by acidic buffer and alcohol-water washes. Compounds of interest are eluted with an organic solvent and applied directly to the test paper. A reaction occurs between the diazonium reagent in the paper and constituents in the eluant to produce a pink to red color after addition of the buffer solution.
  • this test uses fresh urine specimens or those that have not been refrigerated for more than two weeks. Unrefrigerated specimens or those refrigerated for longer than two weeks may cause unreliable results and possibly false positive reactions due to decomposition of the urine.
  • the packed syringe is preferably prepared for receipt of a sample as follows: a. 0.5 to four ml of solution is needed for each test. The beakers are labeled
  • Alcohol-Water Rinse b. Use only enough solution for current testing. To avoid contamination, do not pour the solutions back into the bottles. c. Place the tip of the syringe-column into the Acidic Rinse solution and pull the plunger up to draw the solution to the indicated fill line. Keep the tip of the syringe-column well below the liquid level to keep from drawing air into the syringe. Depress the plunger, expelling the liquid into the waste container.
  • the packed syringe preferably receives a sample as follows: a. Record the specimen number or code. b. Place the tip of the syringe-column into the urine and pull the plunger up to draw the specimen to the indicated fill line. c. Discharge the urine into the waste container by pushing down on the plunger. d. Repeat steps b and c two more times. By this process, a total of 5.4 ml of urine will have been passed over the adsorbent material. e. Draw the fluid from the Acidic Rinse solution beaker into the barrel of the syringe-column to the indicated fill line in the same manner as in step b.
  • Marijuana test of this invention is a qualitative test. Results are based on visual observation of changes in the test paper. The test paper should be checked or the ' appearance of a pink-red ring after the application of the 2 drops of Acid-Rinse Solution to the area covered by the dried Elution Solution.
  • Marijuana test Materials which do not interfere with this Marijuana test include: opiates, amphetamines, PCP, cocaine or ibuprophen. Benzodiazepines may give positive results.
  • the purpose of this example was to determine the effectiveness of the Marijuana screen as a detection system for THC metabolite.
  • the results were based on the ability to detect a minimum of 100 ng/ml of THC metabolite in urine.

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Abstract

On a mis au point un papier réactif de diagnostic (10) permettant la détection d'un métabolite de marijuana dans un échantillon d'un fluide biologique. Ledit papier réactif de diagnostic (10) comprend une matière porteuse hydrophile (11) imprégnée du résidu sec d'un réactif réagissant au métabolite de marijuana. On utilise un procédé particulier pour analyser un fluide biologique afin de déterminer la présence de métabolite de marijuana dans celui-ci.
PCT/US1989/001304 1988-03-29 1989-03-29 Papier et procede pour detecter l'usage de marijuana WO1989009395A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17464488A 1988-03-29 1988-03-29
US174,644 1988-03-29

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015036804A1 (fr) * 2013-09-16 2015-03-19 Lab5 Limited Appareil
US20160018424A1 (en) * 2013-03-01 2016-01-21 Compassionate Analytic Inc. Methods for cannabinoid quantification
US9759733B1 (en) 2016-04-08 2017-09-12 Michael D. Callahan Mass produced, low cost, portable test kit for the detection and identification of narcotics
US11131634B1 (en) * 2020-11-17 2021-09-28 The Florida International University Board Of Trustees Materials and methods for field testing of cannabis samples

Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3625652A (en) * 1970-03-17 1971-12-07 Marquette School Of Medicine I Analysis of narcotics and amphetamines
US3955926A (en) * 1972-02-12 1976-05-11 Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Process and quick-action reagent for the detection of narcotics
US4288344A (en) * 1976-11-22 1981-09-08 Andre Reiss Stable diazonium salt generator for improved marijuana analysis
EP0132313A2 (fr) * 1983-06-27 1985-01-30 Erez Forensic Technology Ltd. Réactifs, trousses de réactifs et méthodes pour la détection des cannabinoides
WO1987003961A1 (fr) * 1985-12-18 1987-07-02 Keystone Diagnostics, Inc. Papier-test de detection de stupefiants, et procedes
WO1988009496A1 (fr) * 1987-05-29 1988-12-01 Drug Screening Systems, Inc. Systeme de detection de cannabinoides
US4806487A (en) * 1987-05-29 1989-02-21 Analytical Innovations, Inc. Basic drug detection method

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3625652A (en) * 1970-03-17 1971-12-07 Marquette School Of Medicine I Analysis of narcotics and amphetamines
US3955926A (en) * 1972-02-12 1976-05-11 Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Process and quick-action reagent for the detection of narcotics
US4288344A (en) * 1976-11-22 1981-09-08 Andre Reiss Stable diazonium salt generator for improved marijuana analysis
EP0132313A2 (fr) * 1983-06-27 1985-01-30 Erez Forensic Technology Ltd. Réactifs, trousses de réactifs et méthodes pour la détection des cannabinoides
WO1987003961A1 (fr) * 1985-12-18 1987-07-02 Keystone Diagnostics, Inc. Papier-test de detection de stupefiants, et procedes
WO1988009496A1 (fr) * 1987-05-29 1988-12-01 Drug Screening Systems, Inc. Systeme de detection de cannabinoides
US4806487A (en) * 1987-05-29 1989-02-21 Analytical Innovations, Inc. Basic drug detection method

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160018424A1 (en) * 2013-03-01 2016-01-21 Compassionate Analytic Inc. Methods for cannabinoid quantification
US10634689B2 (en) * 2013-03-01 2020-04-28 Compassionate Analytics Inc. Methods for cannabinoid quantification
US11585820B2 (en) * 2013-03-01 2023-02-21 Compassionate Analytics Inc. Methods for cannabinoid quantification
US20230142304A1 (en) * 2013-03-01 2023-05-11 Compassionate Analytics Inc. Methods for cannabinoid quantification
WO2015036804A1 (fr) * 2013-09-16 2015-03-19 Lab5 Limited Appareil
US9759733B1 (en) 2016-04-08 2017-09-12 Michael D. Callahan Mass produced, low cost, portable test kit for the detection and identification of narcotics
US11131634B1 (en) * 2020-11-17 2021-09-28 The Florida International University Board Of Trustees Materials and methods for field testing of cannabis samples

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