WO1989006367A1 - Systeme de localisation de fichiers - Google Patents

Systeme de localisation de fichiers Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1989006367A1
WO1989006367A1 PCT/US1989/000093 US8900093W WO8906367A1 WO 1989006367 A1 WO1989006367 A1 WO 1989006367A1 US 8900093 W US8900093 W US 8900093W WO 8906367 A1 WO8906367 A1 WO 8906367A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transponder
signal
responder
antenna
receiving
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1989/000093
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lawrence D. Korn
Russell C. Harbaugh
Original Assignee
Korn Lawrence D
Harbaugh Russell C
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Korn Lawrence D, Harbaugh Russell C filed Critical Korn Lawrence D
Publication of WO1989006367A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989006367A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/82—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein continuous-type signals are transmitted
    • G01S13/825—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein continuous-type signals are transmitted with exchange of information between interrogator and responder
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/75—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders, or using passive reflectors
    • G01S13/751—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders, or using passive reflectors wherein the responder or reflector radiates a coded signal
    • G01S13/758—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders, or using passive reflectors wherein the responder or reflector radiates a coded signal using a signal generator powered by the interrogation signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K17/00—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
    • G06K17/0022—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations arrangements or provisious for transferring data to distant stations, e.g. from a sensing device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/28—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a transponder-responder system and, more particularly, to such a system for use in a file location system.
  • the file location system of the present invention comprises a transponder having means for encoding a radio signal with a selected one of a plurality of codes wherein one code is assigned to each individual file.
  • the transponder when activated, momentarily transmits an interrogation pulse of the selected encoded radio signal into the working area where the file is located.
  • a responder is attached to each individual file in the file system.
  • Each responder comprises a radio receiver for receiving the interrogation pulse from the transponder transmitter. Means in the responder then compare the code of the encoded radio signal of the interrogation pulse with a preset code which is unique for each responder and thus unique for each file. In the event that the encoded radio signal from the transponder matches the preset code at the responder, the responder transmits a response signal which is received by a receiving antenna system associated with the transponder.
  • the receiving antenna system for the transponder preferably includes a plurality of spaced apart antennas, each of which receives the response signal from the responder.
  • the transponder further includes means for comparing the relative signal strength and/or time differential of the responder signal as it is received by each individual receiving antenna for the transponder and, once correlated, the transponder provides an output signal representative of the position of the responder, and thus of the file, with respect to the transponder receiving system.
  • the responder is passive, i.e., does not contain an individual active power source. Instead, the responder preferably converts a part of the power from the interrogation pulse and then utilizes that power, once the preset signal matches the encoded radio signal, to power the transmitter at the responder. Alternatively, however, the responder can have other power means, such as solar power means or an active battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagrammatic view illustrating a preferred embodiment of the transponder portion of the present invention?
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagrammatic schematic view illustrating a preferred embodiment of the responder of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 but illustrating a modification thereof.
  • a preferred embodiment of the transponder 10 of the present invention is thereshown and comprises an PF escalator 12 which generates a radio signal at its output 14.
  • the radio signal on output 14 is in one of the ISM bands, e.g. 2.45 GHz or 13.5 GHz where the transmission of relatively high power signals is permitted without the need for a license.
  • the RF output signal on line 14 is fed as an input signal to a modulator/amplifier 16.
  • the modulator/amplifier 16 also receives as a modulating signal the output from a code input device 18 which is fed through an encoder 20 and to the modulator/amplifier.
  • the code input device 18 is preferably a personal computer or keyboard which selects one of a plurality of different codes wherein each responder in the file location system has a unique code so that the selected code corresponds to a single responder.
  • the encoder 20 which can be of any conventional construction, then modulates the RF signal from the oscillator 12 at the modulator/amplifier 16 in accordance with the selected code from the input device 18 so that the modulator/amplifier 16 momentarily produces an encoded interrogation pulse on its output line 22.
  • An output line 22 from the modulator/amplifier 16 is connected to a transmitting antenna 24 for the transponder 10.
  • the transmitting antenna 24 has a fixed location with respect to the building or office in which the file location system is employed.
  • one responder 30 of the file location system is thereshown in greater detail. It will be understood, of course, that the file location system includes a plurality of responders 30 wherein one responder 30 is attached by any conventional means to each file. Furthermore, as will be subsequently described in greater detail, a unique code is assigned to each responder 30 i n th e f i l e loca tion system.
  • the radio signal from the transponder antenna 24 is received by a receiving antenna 32 in each responder having its output 34 connected as an input signal to a filter 36.
  • the filter 36 rejects unwanted signals, such as harmonics, in the conventional fashion and feeds a filtered radio signal on its output 38 which is representative of the signal transmitted by the transponder antenna 24.
  • the filter output is coupled through a resistor 40 as an input signal to a detector/decoder
  • the detector/decoder 42 demodulates the radio signal and generates a decoded radio signal on its output 44.
  • the output 44 from the detector/decoder 42 is connected as one input signal to a comparator 46.
  • the output 48 from a memory 50 containing the preset code for that particular responder 30 is connected as a second input signal to the comparator 46.
  • the comparator 46 In the event of a match between the demodulated signal on output 44 and the preset coded signal from the memory 50, the comparator 46 generates a signal on its output 52 which is connected as an input signal to an RF amplifier 54.
  • the comparator 46 does not generate any signal on its output 52. In this event, the comparator 46 does not produce an output signal to the amplifier 54 so that the amplifier remains inactive.
  • the output 38 from the filter 36 is also connected as an input signal to a reference detector/PF oscillator 60 having its output 62 connected as an input to the RF amplifier 54.
  • the output 62 from the reference detector/RF oscillator 60 locks the carrier frequency of the amplifier 54 to the frequency of the interrogation pulse from the transponder 10.
  • the output from the amplifier 54 is connected to a transmit antenna 64.
  • a signal is transmitted by the antenna 64 only in the event that the encoded radio signal received by the antenna 32 at the responder matches the preset code in the memory 50; otherwise, no signal is transmitted by the responder. In this fashion, it will be appreciated that for a given code, only one transponder of the plurality of transponders in the file location system transmits a response signal on its antenna 64 after receipt of the coded signal on its reception antenna 32.
  • the responder 30 is passive, i.e. it does not contain an active power supply. Instead, the output 34 from the reception antenna 32 is preferably connected through a resistor 70 and diode 72 to provide a DC power output at terminal 74.
  • a capacitor 76, as well as a zener diode 78 are also connected in parallel between the terminal 74 and ground 80. The capacitor 76 forms a voltage storage device in the well known fashion while the zener diode 78 maintains the voltage at the terminal 74 at or below a preset value.
  • a solar cell 82 is used to power the responder 30.
  • a pair of back to back zener diodes 90 and 92 are connecte d across the output from the resistor 40 and ground 94. These diodes 90 and 92 provide surge protection for the responder 30.
  • the transponder 10 further comprises at least two and preferably four receiving antennas 100, 102, 104 and 106. These antennas 100-106 are physically separated from each other and are preferably in the shape of a rectangle with one antenna 100-106 at each corner of the rectangle. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, the transponder transmit antenna 24 is preferably at the center of the rectangle although other locations as well as multiple transmit antennas can also be used. Still referring to FIG.
  • the output from each antenna 100-106 is connected through a detector/amplifier 108, 110, 112 and 114, respectively, so that the strength of the output from each of the four detectors 108-114 is representative of the strength and/or time differential of the response si ⁇ nal received by its associated antenna 100-106 from the transmitting or responding responder 30.
  • a detector/amplifier 108, 110, 112 and 114 respectively, so that the strength of the output from each of the four detectors 108-114 is representative of the strength and/or time differential of the response si ⁇ nal received by its associated antenna 100-106 from the transmitting or responding responder 30.
  • Such space diversity antennas are well known to those having ordinary skill in the art so that a further description is unnecessary. In the well known fashion, as the transmitting responder becomes closer to any individual antenna, the strength of the response signal received by the antenna 100-106, and thus the output from its associated detector/amplifier 108-114 will increase, and vice versa.
  • the outputs from the detectors 108 and 112 i.e. the detectors 108 and 1.12 associated with the antennas 100 and 104 at opposed corners of the rectangle, are connected as input signals to a first comparator 120.
  • the output signals from the other detectors 110 and 114 associated with the other two antennas 102 and 106 at the remaining opposed corners of the rectangle are connected as input signals to a second comparator 122.
  • the output 124 from the comparator 120 is thus proportional to the relative position of the transmitting responder as between the two antennas 100 and 104.
  • the output 126 from the second comparator 122 is representative of the relative position of the transmitting responder between the other two antennas 102 and 106.
  • the outputs 124 and 1?6 from the comparators 120 and 122 are connected respectively as input signals to two filters 128 and 130 which provide a filtered output on their outputs 132 and 134, respectivley, to a position indicating device 136.
  • the operation of the position indicating device will be subsequently described in greater detail.
  • the comparators 120 and 122 also contain conventional circuitry for comparing the time differential between the signals received on the antennas 100, 102, 104 and 106. This time differential signal is utilized to determine the position of the responder through triangulation.
  • a delay circuit 140 is electrically connected in between the output 14 from the RF oscillator 12 and an input signal to each of the filters 128 and 130.
  • the delay circuit 140 thus produces a signal on its output 142 a short time period after the transmission of the interrogation pulse from the transponder antenna 24.
  • This delay corresponds to the expected delay between the transmission of the interrogation pulse by the transponder 10 and the receipt of the response signal from the responder 30 by the transducer antennas 100-104 as well as internal circuit delays in both the responder 30 and transponder 10.
  • the delay 140 acts to pass the signal from the comparator outputs 124 and 126 through the filters 128 and 130 only when the reception of a response signal from one of the responders is expected.
  • each comparator 120 and 122 also preferably includes a null circuit 150 and 152, respectively.
  • the null circuits 150 and 152 are utilized to eliminate transients and the like.
  • the position indicator 136 preferably comprises at least two analog/digital convertors which convert the output signals on the outputs 132 and 134 from the filters 128 and 130 into digital signals. These digital signals are then processed as input signals by a computing system, such as a personal computer.
  • the personal computer is programmed in any conventional fashion to indicate the position of the transmitting responder with respect to the antennas 100-106 through triangulation. Such triangulation is possible since the output 124 from the comparator 122 is representative of the position of the responder with respect to a transverse line extending in between the antennas 100 and 104. Similarly, the output 126 from the second comparator 122 is representative of a transverse line extending between the antennas 102 and 106. The intersection of these two transverse lines is representative of the transmitting responder, i.e. the responder, whose preset code matches the code signal transmitted by the transponder.

Abstract

Le système de localisation de fichiers décrit comprend un répondeur de transmission (10) qui transmet momentanément un signal radio codé avec un code sélectionné parmi plusieurs codes différents. Un répondeur (30) est associé à chaque fichier se trouvant dans le système de localisation de fichiers et comporte un récepteur radio destiné à recevoir le signal radio codé en provenance du répondeur de transmission (10) et à comparer le signal radio codé avec un code prédéterminé unique à chaque répondeur (30) et par conséquent unique à chaque fichier se trouvant dans le système de localisation de fichiers. Le répondeur (30) comportant un code prédéterminé qui correspond au signal codé provenant du répondeur de transmission transmet en retour un signal radio de réponse au répondeur de transmission. La force du signal et/ou le différentiel de temps du signal provenant du répondeur de transmission et reçu par chacune des quatre antennes est ensuite mise en corrélation et on peut déterminer, par triangulation, la position du répondeur par rapport aux antennes (102, 104) du répondeur de transmission.
PCT/US1989/000093 1988-01-11 1989-01-11 Systeme de localisation de fichiers WO1989006367A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14243488A 1988-01-11 1988-01-11
US142,434 1988-01-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989006367A1 true WO1989006367A1 (fr) 1989-07-13

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1989/000093 WO1989006367A1 (fr) 1988-01-11 1989-01-11 Systeme de localisation de fichiers

Country Status (2)

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AU (1) AU3031289A (fr)
WO (1) WO1989006367A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0409016A2 (fr) * 1989-07-10 1991-01-23 Csir Système et méthode de localisation d'objets étiquetÀ©s
WO1994019781A1 (fr) * 1993-02-16 1994-09-01 N.V. Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek Nedap Systeme d'identification servant a detecter une pluralite de repondeurs d'identification dans un champ d'interrogation et a determiner leurs positions
WO1995003553A1 (fr) * 1993-07-19 1995-02-02 Kenneth Herbert Hay Balise et procede de localisation
EP0667537A2 (fr) * 1993-10-04 1995-08-16 Texas Instruments Deutschland Gmbh Positionnement avec transpondeurs "RF-ID"
EP0787999A3 (fr) * 1996-01-30 1998-10-07 Ncr International Inc. Système et procédé pour localiser les étiquettes de prix dans les établissements commerciaux
WO2000063826A1 (fr) * 1999-04-16 2000-10-26 Margarete Habbel Systeme de recherche de dossiers
WO2002007077A1 (fr) * 2000-07-13 2002-01-24 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Procede et systeme permettant de determiner la position d'un objet desire situe dans une rangee d'objets et comprenant un transpondeur
WO2003027947A1 (fr) * 2001-09-25 2003-04-03 Dmatek Ltd. Systemes de surveillances et badges emetteurs radio multiples
US8717174B2 (en) 2010-09-07 2014-05-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Monitoring apparatus for a tag having an engaged and a non-engaged mode

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US4180815A (en) * 1977-01-24 1979-12-25 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Radio identification systems
US4242663A (en) * 1979-02-01 1980-12-30 Lockheed Electronics Corporation Electronic identification system
US4331957A (en) * 1979-04-20 1982-05-25 Bengt Enander Transponder for use in locating avalanche victims
US4546241A (en) * 1982-12-10 1985-10-08 Walton Charles A Electronic proximity identification system
US4604733A (en) * 1984-01-03 1986-08-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus for determining range and bearing
US4656478A (en) * 1984-07-30 1987-04-07 Asulab S.A. Passive transponder for locating avalanche victims
US4663625A (en) * 1983-11-30 1987-05-05 Motion Magnetics Inc. Passive tag identification system and method
US4688026A (en) * 1984-05-15 1987-08-18 Scribner James R Method of collecting and using data associated with tagged objects
US4724427A (en) * 1986-07-18 1988-02-09 B. I. Incorporated Transponder device
US4728955A (en) * 1984-07-04 1988-03-01 Stiftelsen Institutet For Mikrovagsteknik Vid Tekniska Hogskolan I Stockholm Method for position-finding and apparatus herefor
US4757315A (en) * 1986-02-20 1988-07-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Method and apparatus for measuring distance

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4180815A (en) * 1977-01-24 1979-12-25 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Radio identification systems
US4242663A (en) * 1979-02-01 1980-12-30 Lockheed Electronics Corporation Electronic identification system
US4331957A (en) * 1979-04-20 1982-05-25 Bengt Enander Transponder for use in locating avalanche victims
US4546241A (en) * 1982-12-10 1985-10-08 Walton Charles A Electronic proximity identification system
US4663625A (en) * 1983-11-30 1987-05-05 Motion Magnetics Inc. Passive tag identification system and method
US4604733A (en) * 1984-01-03 1986-08-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus for determining range and bearing
US4688026A (en) * 1984-05-15 1987-08-18 Scribner James R Method of collecting and using data associated with tagged objects
US4728955A (en) * 1984-07-04 1988-03-01 Stiftelsen Institutet For Mikrovagsteknik Vid Tekniska Hogskolan I Stockholm Method for position-finding and apparatus herefor
US4656478A (en) * 1984-07-30 1987-04-07 Asulab S.A. Passive transponder for locating avalanche victims
US4757315A (en) * 1986-02-20 1988-07-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Method and apparatus for measuring distance
US4724427A (en) * 1986-07-18 1988-02-09 B. I. Incorporated Transponder device

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0409016A2 (fr) * 1989-07-10 1991-01-23 Csir Système et méthode de localisation d'objets étiquetÀ©s
EP0409016A3 (en) * 1989-07-10 1992-07-01 Csir System and method for locating labelled objects
WO1994019781A1 (fr) * 1993-02-16 1994-09-01 N.V. Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek Nedap Systeme d'identification servant a detecter une pluralite de repondeurs d'identification dans un champ d'interrogation et a determiner leurs positions
WO1995003553A1 (fr) * 1993-07-19 1995-02-02 Kenneth Herbert Hay Balise et procede de localisation
US5621411A (en) * 1993-10-04 1997-04-15 Texas Instruments Incorporated Positioning with RF-ID transponders
EP0667537A3 (fr) * 1993-10-04 1996-07-17 Texas Instruments Deutschland Positionnement avec transpondeurs "RF-ID".
EP0667537A2 (fr) * 1993-10-04 1995-08-16 Texas Instruments Deutschland Gmbh Positionnement avec transpondeurs "RF-ID"
EP0787999A3 (fr) * 1996-01-30 1998-10-07 Ncr International Inc. Système et procédé pour localiser les étiquettes de prix dans les établissements commerciaux
AU727712B2 (en) * 1996-01-30 2000-12-21 Ncr Corporation Device and method of locating electronic price labels in transaction establishments
AU727712C (en) * 1996-01-30 2002-01-03 Ncr Corporation Device and method of locating electronic price labels in transaction establishments
WO2000063826A1 (fr) * 1999-04-16 2000-10-26 Margarete Habbel Systeme de recherche de dossiers
WO2002007077A1 (fr) * 2000-07-13 2002-01-24 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Procede et systeme permettant de determiner la position d'un objet desire situe dans une rangee d'objets et comprenant un transpondeur
WO2003027947A1 (fr) * 2001-09-25 2003-04-03 Dmatek Ltd. Systemes de surveillances et badges emetteurs radio multiples
US7317377B2 (en) 2001-09-25 2008-01-08 Dmatek, Ltd. Multiple broadcasting tag and monitoring systems including the same
US8717174B2 (en) 2010-09-07 2014-05-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Monitoring apparatus for a tag having an engaged and a non-engaged mode

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