WO1989001703A1 - Specification heat exchanger apparatus for electrical components - Google Patents
Specification heat exchanger apparatus for electrical components Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1989001703A1 WO1989001703A1 PCT/US1988/001244 US8801244W WO8901703A1 WO 1989001703 A1 WO1989001703 A1 WO 1989001703A1 US 8801244 W US8801244 W US 8801244W WO 8901703 A1 WO8901703 A1 WO 8901703A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- liquid
- heat exchanger
- blockage
- exchanger apparatus
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/46—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids
- H01L23/467—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids by flowing gases, e.g. air
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/42—Fillings or auxiliary members in containers or encapsulations selected or arranged to facilitate heating or cooling
- H01L23/427—Cooling by change of state, e.g. use of heat pipes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
Definitions
- This invention generally relates to heat dissipat- ing means for electrical components and, particularly, to a heat exchanger apparatus for the electrical components which can withstand zero gravity forces or inversion such as in aircraft or aerospace applications.
- the present invention is directed to solving the aforementioned problems and satisfying the need for a heat exchanger apparatus of the character described.
- FIGURE 1 is a somewhat schematic, vertical section through a heat exchanger apparatus embodying the concepts of the invention.
- FIGURE 2 is an illustration of the finned exterior surface of the main chamber of the apparatus.
- FIGURE 3 is another embodiment of the invention.
- the invention is shown herein in the form of a heat exchanger apparatus, generally designated 10, for dissipating heat from electrical components 12 submerged in a dielectric liquid 14 at the bottom of a closed main cham ⁇ ber or tank 16.
- the tank 16 is hermetically sealed and fabricated of heat dissipating material such as metal.
- the apparatus is designed to accommodate such types of electri ⁇ cal components as silicone chips which may be on the order of 3/4"-l" diameter.
- the components are high output and may be on the order of 30-50 watts per square centimeter.
- a number of the silicone chips or devices may be fabricated in a module.
- the electrical components with which the invention are applicable are components which have a very high amount of heat to be dissipated.
- the apparatus is shown in Figure 1 in an upright condition.
- the invention is directed to conditions which might be encountered in aerospace applications wherein the apparatus may become tilted or inverted or experience zero gravitational forces. Under such conditions, should dielectric liquid 14 come off of electrical components 12, such as the aforementioned silicone devices, the devices actually could burn out in a matter of seconds.
- the appa ⁇ ratus of this invention is designed to withstand as much as fifteen seconds of an inverted condition or zero gravita ⁇ tional forces, such as during a fall through space of an aircraft.
- the dielectric fluid 14 is shown in Figure 1 as boiling, as at 18, to form vapor bubbles 20 which turn into vapor and rise in the direction of arrows "A".
- the dielec ⁇ tric liquid may be a form of Freon, such as that made by 3M Company under the trade name Fluorinert. It is contemplated that the dielectric liquid may have a boiling point of 100° C, with a vapor pressure of 0.6 psi at room temperature.
- the invention contemplates providing means in the form of a closed blockage chamber 22 within closed main chamber 16 for holding a non-condensible gas, such as Nitro ⁇ gen and segregating the gas and vapors of the dielectric liquid formed during operation of the heat exchanger.
- a non-condensible gas such as Nitro ⁇ gen and segregating the gas and vapors of the dielectric liquid formed during operation of the heat exchanger.
- blockage chamber 22 is positioned within main chamber 16 on top of and in contact with dielec- trie liquid 14.
- the side walls of the two chambers may be cylindrical, for instance, and are spaced from each other to form narrow condensation and segregating duct means 24 thereabout within which the vapors of dielectric liquid rise and condense. In normal operation, the upper areas of the duct means is filled with non-condensible gas.
- a small orifice 26 is formed near and effectively through an upper wall 28 of closed blockage chamber 22.
- This orifice is sized to allow entry into the blockage cham ⁇ ber of the non-condensible gas as the gas is swept up duct means 24, but to inhibit entry of any dielectric liquid should the apparatus be inverted or experience zero gravity forces.
- the orifice may be on the order of 0.010 inch to inhibit entry of the liquid. This would enable the appara ⁇ tus to withstand an inverted condition on the order of fif ⁇ teen seconds.
- the invention contemplates precharging the apparatus, i.e. closed blocking chamber 22, to a given pres- sure level to prevent extremely fast or volatile boiling, commonly called "geysering". This, in and of itself, could create a condition of electrical component burnout.
- the amount or degree of precharging the apparatus would depend upon the dielectric liquid being used. Simply put, the system would be precharged to create a condition where the boiling point of the liquid must reach the precharge pres ⁇ sure.
- the duct means 24 about the upper areas of the blockage chamber, above the concentrated vapor also would be precharged.
- Means are provided for returning any liquid which • • might condense on or around upper wall 28 of blockage cham ⁇ ber 22 back to the liquid below the blockage chamber at the 5 bottom of main chamber 16.
- a funnel-shaped channel 30 is formed through the blockage chamber and leads to a small liquid passage opening 32 at the bottom of the channel in communication with the reservoir of liquid at the bottom of the main chamber.
- Air impingement means generally designated 34, also are provided about closed main chamber 16 for directing cooling air against the chamber.
- the air impingement means is provided with a cool air inlet 38 and a warm air outlet 40.
- 5 Figure 2 shows that the exterior of main chamber
- cooling fins 42 may be provided with cooling fins 42 to facilitate the dissipation of heat.
- the fins may be spaced on the order of 3-6 inches for cleaning purposes.
- Figure 3 is directed to a cross-section illustra ⁇ tion of another embodiment of the invention.
- the embodiment of the invention in Figure 3 is characterized by the utili ⁇ zation of a blockage chamber 50 which includes a tube 51 connected as shown at the left hand end thereof.
- a small orifice 52 At the upper end of the tube 51 is a small orifice 52 which func ⁇ tions in the same manner as orifice 26 shown in Figure 1.
- the heat exchanger of Figure 3 includes electrical components 53,54 submerged in a dielectric liquid 55.
- a closed main chamber 56 is provided for holding the dielec ⁇ tric liquid 55 and a non-condensible gas above the surface 57 of the liquid 55.
- the blockage chamber 50 provides an enclosed space for non-condensible gas and acts to segregate the gas and vapors of the liquid formed during operation of the heat exchanger.
- the block ⁇ age chamber 50 is positioned within the main chamber 56 in contact with the dielectric liquid 55.
- Sidewalls 58,59 which are shown spaced apart form narrow condensation and segregating duct means within which the vapors of the liquid rise and condense.
- the orifice 52 in tube 51 is located near the top of the heat exchanger main chamber 56. The orifice 52 is sized to allow entry into the blockage chamber 50 of the non-condensible gas as the gas is swept up the duct means and to inhibit entry of liquid should the appara ⁇ tus be inverted or experience zero gravity forces.
- This embodiment of the invention is provided with a fan 60 as shown which draws cool air as indicated by ar- rows 61,62 upward through outer annular passage 63 and then downward through inner annular passage 64 as indicated by arrows 65,66 whereupon the fan 60 expels warm air as shown.
- a heat liberating fin structure may be situated between the walls 58,59 to enhance the extraction of heat from the vapors in the duct means and the air drawn through the heat exchanger as already described.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US8712687A | 1987-08-19 | 1987-08-19 | |
US087,126 | 1987-08-19 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1989001703A1 true WO1989001703A1 (en) | 1989-02-23 |
Family
ID=22203274
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1988/001244 WO1989001703A1 (en) | 1987-08-19 | 1988-04-15 | Specification heat exchanger apparatus for electrical components |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0328561A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH02500230A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1989001703A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2777009A (en) * | 1953-02-19 | 1957-01-08 | Gen Electric | Vaporization cooled transformers |
US3091722A (en) * | 1961-06-21 | 1963-05-28 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Electronic assembly packaging |
US3242250A (en) * | 1963-02-11 | 1966-03-22 | Wehr Steel Company | Expansion chamber for liquid cooled electrical apparatus |
US3498207A (en) * | 1968-03-28 | 1970-03-03 | Robertson Co H H | Torsion bar operated venting unit |
US4403651A (en) * | 1980-09-11 | 1983-09-13 | Julich Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Heatpipe with residual gas collector vessel |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3741292A (en) * | 1971-06-30 | 1973-06-26 | Ibm | Liquid encapsulated air cooled module |
US4027728A (en) * | 1975-03-31 | 1977-06-07 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Vapor cooling device for semiconductor device |
US4322737A (en) * | 1979-11-20 | 1982-03-30 | Intel Corporation | Integrated circuit micropackaging |
-
1988
- 1988-04-15 JP JP50424188A patent/JPH02500230A/en active Pending
- 1988-04-15 EP EP19880904790 patent/EP0328561A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-04-15 WO PCT/US1988/001244 patent/WO1989001703A1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2777009A (en) * | 1953-02-19 | 1957-01-08 | Gen Electric | Vaporization cooled transformers |
US3091722A (en) * | 1961-06-21 | 1963-05-28 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Electronic assembly packaging |
US3242250A (en) * | 1963-02-11 | 1966-03-22 | Wehr Steel Company | Expansion chamber for liquid cooled electrical apparatus |
US3498207A (en) * | 1968-03-28 | 1970-03-03 | Robertson Co H H | Torsion bar operated venting unit |
US4403651A (en) * | 1980-09-11 | 1983-09-13 | Julich Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Heatpipe with residual gas collector vessel |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP0328561A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0328561A1 (en) | 1989-08-23 |
EP0328561A4 (en) | 1990-02-22 |
JPH02500230A (en) | 1990-01-25 |
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