WO1987002349A1 - Heater for input sludge to a biogas reactor - Google Patents

Heater for input sludge to a biogas reactor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1987002349A1
WO1987002349A1 PCT/FI1986/000114 FI8600114W WO8702349A1 WO 1987002349 A1 WO1987002349 A1 WO 1987002349A1 FI 8600114 W FI8600114 W FI 8600114W WO 8702349 A1 WO8702349 A1 WO 8702349A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sludge
tank volume
biogas reactor
space
sadd
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1986/000114
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Santeri Muhonen
Original Assignee
Oy Dn-Bioprocessing Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oy Dn-Bioprocessing Ltd filed Critical Oy Dn-Bioprocessing Ltd
Publication of WO1987002349A1 publication Critical patent/WO1987002349A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/18—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by thermal conditioning
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
    • C12M45/20—Heating; Cooling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a heater for the input sludge to a biogas reactor, comprising a tank volume, an input connector for conducting sludge into said tank volume, an air input connector for conducting air into an aerator placed in said tank volume, a sludge removal connector for conducting sludge from said tank volume to the biogas reactor, and a gas removal connector for removing the gases that are generated in the tank volume.
  • the greatest energy-consuming item in biogas production is heating the material that is fed in, to the process temperature. This, and the heat losses of the reactor, have the effect that during the coldest periods the entire energy content of the biogas may be used up to satisfy the reactor's own energy requirements.
  • the sludge is often supplied into the reactor through a heavy-sludge tank where it has time to cool to a temperature considerably below the putrifying temperature, which is in the mescphilic range the same temperature which the dung had on leaving the animal.
  • the cooling of the sludge taking place in the heavy-sludge tank may be reduced by efficient thermal lagging of said tank, but the whole problem is not eliminated thereby.
  • the sludge is efficiently aerated before its introduction into the biogas reactor, its temperature begins to increase as a result of microbial activity, and owing to the mixing effect produced by the aerator it is also mixed to be homogeneous.
  • the sludge temperature is allowed to increase suitably over the temperature in the biogas reactor, it becomes possible with the extra thermal energy which it contains to make up the thermal losses of the reactor through its jacket.
  • aerctoic pretreatment of fairly thick sludges also improves the gas yield.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve an improvement of presently known designs.
  • the otter objects of the invention, and the advantages which are gained with its aid, will be apparent from the disclosure.
  • the aims of the invention are achieved with a heater for the biogas reactor input sludges which is mainly characterized in that substantially in the central region of the tank volume has been provided an ascending space along which the sludge that has been introduced in the tank volume has been arranged to move upwards, the sludge flowing upwards in said ascending space being disposed to stay in this ascending space through a long enough delay period so that the oxygen present in the sludge will be substantially used up, and that the substantially oxygen-free sludge has been disposed to flow fr ⁇ n said ascending space in overflow by a descending space downwards to the sludge removal connector.
  • the biogas reactor input sludge heater of the invention may be applied to agricultural and fur animal farming sludges, to sludges produced in connection with effluent treatment, e.g. to sludges generated in forest industry, foodstuff industry .and municipal sewage, and to other equivalent sludges.
  • the heater of the invention enables the sludge to be supplied from an aerobic tank volume to the anaerobic biogas reactor in such manner that the most uniform possible gas generation is obtained.
  • This characteristic is due to the circumstance that in the design of the invention the oxygen content of the sludge that is being fed into the biogas reactor is as low as possible.
  • the solid matter in the sludge can be transferred with greatest possible efficiency and urdformity into the biogas reactor.
  • the access to the biogas reactor of foam that is produced in the aerobic tank volume is efficiently prevented.
  • the sludge is carried at the highest possible temperature to the sludge removal connector, without need to use any lagging which would add to the costs, etc.
  • Fig. 1 presents in elevational view an advantageous embodiment of the biogas reactor input sludge heater of the invention.
  • Fig.2 presents the heater of Fig. 1 in top view.
  • Fig.3 presents another advantageous embodiment of the biogas reactor input sludge heater of the invention, in elevati ⁇ nal view.
  • the biogas reactor input sludge heater of the invention in general has been indicated with reference numeral 10.
  • the heater comprises a tank space 11, into which sludge is connected through, the input connector 12. Air has been arranged to flow through the air input connector 13 to the aerator 14 placed in the tank volume 11.
  • the sludge is aerated in the tank volume 11 with an aerator of the kind which sets the sludge in rotary motion in the substantially cylindrical tank volume 11, as has been indicated with arrows A in Fig.2.
  • an aerator 14 may be used e.g. a submerged aerator provided with ejector.
  • the sludge removal connector 18 connects to the biogas reactor 21.
  • the tank volume 11 is moreover provided with a gas removal connector 20 for conducting the gases generated in the tank volume 11, out from the tank volume 11.
  • the sludge has been arranged to be delayed in the ascending space 16 for a long enough delay period so that the oxygen present in the sludge will be substantially used up as the sludge flows upwards in the ascending space 16.
  • the substantially oxygen-free sludge has been arranged to go in an overflew along the descending space 17 downward to the sludge removal connector 18.
  • the substantially oxygen-free sludge overflew has been indicated with arrows B and the downward flow in the descending space 17, with arrows E.
  • the substantially oxygen-free sludge flows dewnwards in the descending space 17, the residual oxygen is used up, as a result of which the sludge flowing in the sludge removal connector 18 usually contains no oxygen at all.
  • the ascending space 16 of the invention, the overflew D and the descending space 17 have been formed by means of a structure which has been generally indicated with the reference numeral 15 in Fig. 1.
  • the structure 15 consists in this embodiment of an outer tube 22 with substantially cylindrical surface, inside which has been disposed an inner tube 24.
  • the ascending space 16 is then defined by the annular interspace between the outer tube 22 and the inner tube 24.
  • the descending space 17 is constituted by the inner tube 24.
  • peripheral flow apertures 23 through which the sludge in rotary motion A in the tank space 11 has been arranged to flow into the ascending space 16.
  • the upper part 19 of the structure 15 prevents connection from the tank volume 11 to the ascending space 16, whereby the sludge, and such foam as may have formed, cannot flew in the tank volume 11 by the top route to the ascending space 16.
  • the upper part of the structure 15 is a conical tapering section, from which a substantially straight upper end 19a has been carried through the top surface of the tank volume 11, thereby at the same time establishing the gas removal connector 20.
  • a separate gas removal connector 20a may equally be used.
  • FIG. 3 The embodiment depicted in Fig. 3 is otherwise the same as that of Figs 1 and 2, except that in the embodiment of Fig. 3 the structure, generally indicated with reference numeral 15a, has been carried at the top with a bearing 25, and an electric motor 26 has been disposed with the aid of a belt transmission 27 to rotate the structure 15a..
  • no peripheral apertures 23 are required in the outer tube 22 because the outer tube 22 hangs at a distance frcm the bottom of the tank volume 11, whereby the sludge will flew through the gap between the outer tube 22 and the bottom of the tank volume 11.
  • a lifting helix 28 has been disposed to lift the sludge upwards in the ascending space 16.
  • the outer tube 22 may be provided on its outer surface with blades 29, thus enabling also an aerator 14 of such type to be used which creates no rotary motion, which was indicated with arrows A, because the rotating structure 15a and the blades 29 create an equivalent rotary motion of the sludge. If required, the outer tube 22 may in its upper portion be provided with blades 30 which remove the foam from the sludge surface. In this embodiment a separate gas removal connector 20a is used. With the alternative embodiment of Fig. 3 one will positively achieve the ascent even of heavy sludge because the lifting helix 28 is able to lift reliably even heavier sludge.

Abstract

The heater (10) comprises a tank volume (11), an input connector (12) for conducting sludge into said tank volume (11), an air input connector (13) for conducting air to an aerator (14) placed in said tank volume (11), a sludge removal connector (18) for conducting sludge from the tank volume (11) to a biogas reactor (21), and a gas removal connector (20) for removing the gases generated in the tank volume (11). Substantially in the central region of the tank volume (11) has been provided an ascending space (16) along which the sludge supplied into the tank volume (11) has been disposed to move upwards. The sludge ascending in said ascending space (16) has been arranged to stay in the ascending space (16) for a delay period of sufficient length so that the oxygen present in the sludge is substantially used up. The substantially oxygen-free sludge has been arranged to flow from the ascending space (16) in an overflow (D) along a descending space (17) downward to the sludge removal connector (18).

Description

Heater for input sludge to a biogas reactor
The present invention concerns a heater for the input sludge to a biogas reactor, comprising a tank volume, an input connector for conducting sludge into said tank volume, an air input connector for conducting air into an aerator placed in said tank volume, a sludge removal connector for conducting sludge from said tank volume to the biogas reactor, and a gas removal connector for removing the gases that are generated in the tank volume.
The greatest energy-consuming item in biogas production is heating the material that is fed in, to the process temperature. This, and the heat losses of the reactor, have the effect that during the coldest periods the entire energy content of the biogas may be used up to satisfy the reactor's own energy requirements. The sludge is often supplied into the reactor through a heavy-sludge tank where it has time to cool to a temperature considerably below the putrifying temperature, which is in the mescphilic range the same temperature which the dung had on leaving the animal. The cooling of the sludge taking place in the heavy-sludge tank may be reduced by efficient thermal lagging of said tank, but the whole problem is not eliminated thereby. If, on the other hand, the sludge is efficiently aerated before its introduction into the biogas reactor, its temperature begins to increase as a result of microbial activity, and owing to the mixing effect produced by the aerator it is also mixed to be homogeneous. When the sludge temperature is allowed to increase suitably over the temperature in the biogas reactor, it becomes possible with the extra thermal energy which it contains to make up the thermal losses of the reactor through its jacket. In addition, aerctoic pretreatment of fairly thick sludges also improves the gas yield.
in the designs known in existing art, in which the sludge is supplied from an aerobic tank volume to the biogas reactor, numercυs drawbacks are encountered, and uniform gas prodution cannot be achieved with .any one of the designs known at present.
The object of the invention is to achieve an improvement of presently known designs. The otter objects of the invention, and the advantages which are gained with its aid, will be apparent from the disclosure.
The aims of the invention are achieved with a heater for the biogas reactor input sludges which is mainly characterized in that substantially in the central region of the tank volume has been provided an ascending space along which the sludge that has been introduced in the tank volume has been arranged to move upwards, the sludge flowing upwards in said ascending space being disposed to stay in this ascending space through a long enough delay period so that the oxygen present in the sludge will be substantially used up, and that the substantially oxygen-free sludge has been disposed to flow frαn said ascending space in overflow by a descending space downwards to the sludge removal connector.
The other important characteristic features of the biogas reactor input sludge heater are stated in claims 2-11.
The biogas reactor input sludge heater of the invention may be applied to agricultural and fur animal farming sludges, to sludges produced in connection with effluent treatment, e.g. to sludges generated in forest industry, foodstuff industry .and municipal sewage, and to other equivalent sludges.
Numerous significant advantages are gained with the aid of the biogas reactor input sludge heater of the invention. The heater of the invention enables the sludge to be supplied from an aerobic tank volume to the anaerobic biogas reactor in such manner that the most uniform possible gas generation is obtained. This characteristic is due to the circumstance that in the design of the invention the oxygen content of the sludge that is being fed into the biogas reactor is as low as possible. Moreover, with the design of the invention the solid matter in the sludge can be transferred with greatest possible efficiency and urdformity into the biogas reactor. Thirdly, in the design of the invention the access to the biogas reactor of foam that is produced in the aerobic tank volume is efficiently prevented. Furthermore, with the design of the invention the sludge is carried at the highest possible temperature to the sludge removal connector, without need to use any lagging which would add to the costs, etc.
The invention is described in detail, referring to certain advantageous embodiments, presented in the figures of the drawings attached, to which the invention is not meant to be exclusively confined.
Fig. 1 presents in elevational view an advantageous embodiment of the biogas reactor input sludge heater of the invention.
Fig.2 presents the heater of Fig. 1 in top view.
Fig.3 presents another advantageous embodiment of the biogas reactor input sludge heater of the invention, in elevatiαnal view.
In the embodiment of Figs 1.and 2, the biogas reactor input sludge heater of the invention in general has been indicated with reference numeral 10. In this embodiment the heater comprises a tank space 11, into which sludge is connected through, the input connector 12. Air has been arranged to flow through the air input connector 13 to the aerator 14 placed in the tank volume 11. In this embodiment the sludge is aerated in the tank volume 11 with an aerator of the kind which sets the sludge in rotary motion in the substantially cylindrical tank volume 11, as has been indicated with arrows A in Fig.2. For such an aerator 14 may be used e.g. a submerged aerator provided with ejector. From the tank volume 11, the sludge removal connector 18 connects to the biogas reactor 21. The tank volume 11 is moreover provided with a gas removal connector 20 for conducting the gases generated in the tank volume 11, out from the tank volume 11.
According to the fundamental insight of the invention, there has been placed an ascending space 16 substantially in the central region of the tank volume 11, the sludge being arranged to ascend in this space, as indicated with arrows C in Fig. 1. The sludge has been arranged to be delayed in the ascending space 16 for a long enough delay period so that the oxygen present in the sludge will be substantially used up as the sludge flows upwards in the ascending space 16. The substantially oxygen-free sludge has been arranged to go in an overflew along the descending space 17 downward to the sludge removal connector 18. In Fig. 1, the substantially oxygen-free sludge overflew has been indicated with arrows B and the downward flow in the descending space 17, with arrows E. As the substantially oxygen-free sludge flows dewnwards in the descending space 17, the residual oxygen is used up, as a result of which the sludge flowing in the sludge removal connector 18 usually contains no oxygen at all.
In the embodiment of Figs 1 and 2, the ascending space 16 of the invention, the overflew D and the descending space 17 have been formed by means of a structure which has been generally indicated with the reference numeral 15 in Fig. 1. The structure 15 consists in this embodiment of an outer tube 22 with substantially cylindrical surface, inside which has been disposed an inner tube 24. The ascending space 16 is then defined by the annular interspace between the outer tube 22 and the inner tube 24. The descending space 17 is constituted by the inner tube 24. In the lower part of the outer tube 22 have been provided peripheral flow apertures 23, through which the sludge in rotary motion A in the tank space 11 has been arranged to flow into the ascending space 16. This phenomenon is due to the fact that when the sludge is in rotary motion, the solid matter which is present therein tends to accumulate by effect of inner friction around the structure 15 and further as a flew, indicated in Figs 1 and 2 with arrows B, through the periph eral apertures 23 in the outer tube 22 into the ascending space 16, when new sludge is onnducted through the input connector 12 into the tank volume 11.
The upper part 19 of the structure 15 prevents connection from the tank volume 11 to the ascending space 16, whereby the sludge, and such foam as may have formed, cannot flew in the tank volume 11 by the top route to the ascending space 16. In this embodiment, the upper part of the structure 15 is a conical tapering section, from which a substantially straight upper end 19a has been carried through the top surface of the tank volume 11, thereby at the same time establishing the gas removal connector 20. Naturally, a separate gas removal connector 20a may equally be used.
The embodiment depicted in Fig. 3 is otherwise the same as that of Figs 1 and 2, except that in the embodiment of Fig. 3 the structure, generally indicated with reference numeral 15a, has been carried at the top with a bearing 25, and an electric motor 26 has been disposed with the aid of a belt transmission 27 to rotate the structure 15a.. In this case no peripheral apertures 23 are required in the outer tube 22 because the outer tube 22 hangs at a distance frcm the bottom of the tank volume 11, whereby the sludge will flew through the gap between the outer tube 22 and the bottom of the tank volume 11. A lifting helix 28 has been disposed to lift the sludge upwards in the ascending space 16. The outer tube 22 may be provided on its outer surface with blades 29, thus enabling also an aerator 14 of such type to be used which creates no rotary motion, which was indicated with arrows A, because the rotating structure 15a and the blades 29 create an equivalent rotary motion of the sludge. If required, the outer tube 22 may in its upper portion be provided with blades 30 which remove the foam from the sludge surface. In this embodiment a separate gas removal connector 20a is used. With the alternative embodiment of Fig. 3 one will positively achieve the ascent even of heavy sludge because the lifting helix 28 is able to lift reliably even heavier sludge. in the foregoing only a few advantageous embodiments of the invention have been presented, and it is obvious to a person skilled in the art that numerous modifications thereof can be undertaken within the scope of the inventive idea presented in the claims following below.

Claims

Claims
1. A heater (10) for input sludge to a biogas reactor, comprising a tank volume (11), an input connector (12) for conducting sludge into said tank volume (11), an air input connector (13) for conducting air to an aerates: (14) placed in said tank volume (11), a sludge removal connector (18) for conducting sludge from the tank volume (11) to a biogas reactor (21), and a gas removal connector (20,20a) for removing the gases generated in the tank volume (11),characterized in that substantially in the central region of the tank volume (11) has been provided an ascending space (16) along which the sludge supplied into the tank volume (11) has been disposed to move upwards, the sludge ascending in said ascending space (16) being arranged to stay in the ascending space (16) for a delay period of sufficient length so that the oxygen present in the sludge is substantially used up, and that the substantially oxygen-free sludge has been arranged to flow from the ascending space (16) in an overflew (D) along a descending space (17) downward to the sludge removal connector (18).
2. Biogas reactor input sludge heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the ascending space (16) and the descending space (17) have been formed of a structure (15,15a) consisting of an cuter tubular part (22) and an inner tubular part (24) disposed within said outer tubular part (22), said ascending space (16) being constituted by the annular interspace of said outer tubular part (22) and said inner tubular part (24) and said descending space (17) being constituted by .said inner tubular part (24), and the upper part of said inner tubular part (24) beinga.rranged to constitute said overflew (D).
3. Biogas reactor input sludge heater according to claim 2, characterized in that in the lewer part of said outer tubular part (22) have been provided peripheral flew apertures (23) by which the sludge, preferably in rotary motion (A) in the tank volume (11), is disposed to flow into said ascending space (16).
4. Biogas reactor input sludge heater according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the upper part (19) of sadd structure (15,15a) has been arranged to prevent connection from sedd tank volume (11) to said ascending space (16), whereby the sludge and the foam, if any, that has formed in said volume (11) are prevented from flowing in sadd tank volume (11) by the top route into said ascending space (16).
5. Biogas reactor input sludge heater according to cladm 4, characterized in that sadd upper part (19) of said structure (15) is a substantially conical tapering section of which the substantially straight upper end (19a) is carried through the top surface of said tank volume (11) in such manner that at the same time a gas removal connector (20) is formed.
6. Biogas reactor input sludge heater according to cladm 2, characterized in that sadd ascending space (16) and sadd descending space (17) are formed by a structure (15a) which is supported in its upper part, preferably with a bearing (25), and that sadd structure (15a) has been arranged to rotate within said tank volume (11).
7. Biogas reactor input sludge heater according to claim 6, characterized in that an action means (26) has been provided to rotate said structure (15a) with the aid of a belt drive (27).
8. Biogas reactor input sludge heater according to cladm 6 or 7, characterized in that sadd outer tubular part (22) has on its inner surface been provided with a lifting helix (28) for lifting sludge upwards in said ascending space (16).
9. Biogas reactor input sludge heater according to any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that sadd outer tubular part (22) has on its outer surface been provided with first blades (29) which have been disposed to produce a rotary motion of the sludge in sadd tank volume (11).
10. Biogas reactor input sludge heater according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that said outer tubular part (22) has substantially in its upper part been provided with at least one second blade (30) which has been disposed to remove the sludge substantially from the free sludge surface.
11. Biogas reactor input sludge heater according to any one of claims 6-10, characterized in that the gas removal connector (20a) is a separate gas removal connector which has been disposed to pass through the tcp surface of sadd tank volume (11).
PCT/FI1986/000114 1985-10-10 1986-10-10 Heater for input sludge to a biogas reactor WO1987002349A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI853954A FI72956C (en) 1985-10-10 1985-10-10 VAERMEAPPARAT FOER MATNINGSSUSPENSIONEN I EN BIOGASREAKTOR.
FI853954 1985-10-10

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WO1987002349A1 true WO1987002349A1 (en) 1987-04-23

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WO (1) WO1987002349A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI93002C (en) * 1992-03-17 1996-01-03 Outokumpu Ecoenergy Oy Method and apparatus for preparing a mixture to be fed to an anaerobic bioreactor

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI55165B (en) * 1975-03-14 1979-02-28 Veli Reijonen FOERFARANDE FOER SOENDERDELNING AV ORGANISKT AVFALL
DE2904449A1 (en) * 1978-02-06 1979-08-09 Ver Gebruikers Stoomketels Anaerobic treatment plant for effluent - with circulation from digester to settling tank induced by methane gas rising in central column
FI57579B (en) * 1978-11-22 1980-05-30 Yleinen Oy ANLAEGGNING FOER FOERRUTTNELSEPROCESS AV AVFALLSVATTENSSLAM
DE3327541A1 (en) * 1983-07-30 1985-02-14 Wilhelm 4284 Heiden Wissusek Process and apparatus for the recovery of biogas

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI55165B (en) * 1975-03-14 1979-02-28 Veli Reijonen FOERFARANDE FOER SOENDERDELNING AV ORGANISKT AVFALL
DE2904449A1 (en) * 1978-02-06 1979-08-09 Ver Gebruikers Stoomketels Anaerobic treatment plant for effluent - with circulation from digester to settling tank induced by methane gas rising in central column
FI57579B (en) * 1978-11-22 1980-05-30 Yleinen Oy ANLAEGGNING FOER FOERRUTTNELSEPROCESS AV AVFALLSVATTENSSLAM
DE3327541A1 (en) * 1983-07-30 1985-02-14 Wilhelm 4284 Heiden Wissusek Process and apparatus for the recovery of biogas

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FI72956B (en) 1987-04-30
FI853954A0 (en) 1985-10-10
FI72956C (en) 1987-08-10

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