WO1986007436A1 - Gas burner - Google Patents
Gas burner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1986007436A1 WO1986007436A1 PCT/US1985/001039 US8501039W WO8607436A1 WO 1986007436 A1 WO1986007436 A1 WO 1986007436A1 US 8501039 W US8501039 W US 8501039W WO 8607436 A1 WO8607436 A1 WO 8607436A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- combustion chamber
- flame
- combustion
- chamber
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/16—Tuyéres
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion chambers
- F23M2900/05021—Wall blocks adapted for burner openings
Definitions
- GAS BURNER This invention relates to high-velocity gas burners having enhanced flame stability. More particularly, the invention relates to high-velocity gas burners having enhanced flame stability over wide operating ranges and are utilizable in melting furnaces and the like.
- Gas burners of the type provided by the present invention may be used in several different fur ⁇ naces or units where a high heat level is required.
- the present gas burners have been found to be effective in melting furnaces such as the upright melting furnace described and illustrated in U.S. Patent 3,199,977 issued to Albert J. Phillips et al. on August 10, 1965.
- the gas burners are inserted into each of the side wall ports and held in position therein by bolts which hold the mounting plating of each burner body tightly against the shell of the furnace so as to provide a substantially gas tight mounting.
- This patent as well as other related patents does not suggest any means for enhancing the flame stability of the burner installed in a furnace or other high-level heat- ing unit. See, for example, U.S.
- Several gas burner designs are disclosed in these references, and other burner combustion chamber systems have been discussed in U.S. Patents 3,299,940; 4,211,555; 4,301,997;
- the flame will burn both inside and outside of the com ⁇ bustion chamber and its shape in the chamber is defined by the shape of. the chamber, with its shape outside the chamber being generally conical.
- the burners typi ⁇ cally have an igniter bar in the ignition section with the combustion chamber having a wider diameter than the outlet of the igniter section.
- the flame is held im- mediately downstream of the igniter bar and spreads to the unburned mixture passing by. Additional flame- holding is obtained with the annular area provided by the shoulder at the juncture of the igniter section and combustion chamber.
- two flame fronts are established, one spreading out from the igniter bar and the other spreading from the annular shoulder type flame-holder.
- the flame spreading from the annular shoulder may be unstable in that it does not completely form on the shoulder and, consequent ⁇ ly, forms a black or cold spot at that area on the shoulder.
- This type flame produces an unstable flame -3- which will waiver and flutter, as well as, in the case of a vertical furnace for melting copper, causes a cold spot at that area on the shoulder at which metallic copper may deposito
- This deposition of copper in the combustion chamber and/or unstable flame adversely affects the operation of the furnace causing impurities in the melted copper and possible shutdown of the furnace for cleaningquot
- the flame unstability is parti ⁇ cularly severe at the start-up of the burner when the furnace and burner are cold, but is also undesirably present at "steady-state" operation.
- furnaces of low capacity have traditionally operated with but a single row of circumferentially spaced burners, since a second row has been thought would furnish more molten capacity than necessary, thus causing problems in turning the furnace melting rate down to iower rates without avoiding metal "slumping" and freezing within the furnace.
- This invention is particularly directed to an improved furnace gas burner comprising inlets adapted for supplying an effective stream of oxygen containing gas (air) and for supplying an effective stream of fuel to the burner, a mixing section for uniting the streams of oxygen containing gas and fuel, a flame holder sec ⁇ tion, for igniting the mixture, and a substantially cylindrically shaped combustion chamber to retain the combustion and to enhance combustion, the improvement comprising: correlating the dimensions of the combustion chamber with other burner dimensions to provide a burner having about a 2 1/2:1 turndown capacity while maintain ⁇ ing a stable flame with even and complete combustion over this range, increased burner tile life, minimal molten metal contamination caused by "Sold" spots in the combustion chamber, among other benefits.
- the chamber is comprised of an outer refractory tile housing having openings, preferably substantially circular, at each end for the entrance (D Copper) and exit (D s ) of the combustion gases and is usually fabricated from a suitable high temperature resistant refractory substance / most preferably SiC
- the combustion chamber is further adapted to substantially combust the entering fuel and oxygen containing gases within, while continu ⁇ ally maintaining a substantially even temperature gradient of predetermined temperature, preferably about 2800°F. , along the effective length of the chamber.
- the ratio of thecombustion-chamber diameter, Dg, to the diameter at the exit from the adjacent flame holder section, D nap is between about 1.35 to 1.70, most prefer ⁇ ably, about 1.43; and (2)
- the ratio of the effective length L Desi____, to the diameter Ob comfort of the combustion chamber is between about 1.2 to about 3.70, and preferably about 1.56 or 3.00.
- the burner assembly design will control the ratio of the overall length of the combustion chamber tile, ⁇ , to the "effective length" Long of the chamber, i.e., the length of the chamber tile lining as measured from the intersection with the flame holder section to the end of the chamber exit to be between about 1.20 to about 2.00, and preferaby about lo47. While the burners are described as having a mixing section 50, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the fuel and air may be mixed outside of the burner and transferred through the igniting section or flame holder section 51 into the combustion chamber 52. The present burners with this arrangement would function in the same manner, i.e., to provide a stable flame over a wide operating range.
- the burner of this invention is particularly applicable for use in a low capacity vertical shaft furnace, i.e., a furnace producing less than about 20 STPH of metal, i.e., copper, which is comprised of a refractory lined brick chamber of substantially cylindrical shape, having a plurality of circumferenti- ally spaced burners located in a spaced relationship about the lower extremities of the furnace, each burner - adapted to supply a sufficient amount of energy, usually about 0.7 to about 1.8 X 10 6 BTU/hr.
- These furnaces are designed to supply an effective distribution of heat to evenly melt the descending solid charge, i.e., preferably copper cathodes and scrap, without causing furnace clogging and metal freezing.
- burners may suitably be employed for higher capacity furnaces.
- Other burners providing flame stability over wide operating ranges are provided by this invention for energy levels up to 50 X 10° BTU/hr, or higher, preferably in the range of about 2 X 10 5 to about 20 X 10 ( e.g., 30 X 10 BTU/hr.
- a preferred range is 0.7 to 10 X 10 6 BTU/hr, or 5 X 10 6 BTU/hr.
- Fig. ' 1 is an enlarged vertical section view describing the burner assembly
- Fig. 2 is a section of the combustion chamber preferred for use in the invention
- Fig. 3 describes a view of the apparatus of a shaft melting furnace
- Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the furnace and a portion of the stack shown in Fig. 3, with part of the burner assemblies and the piping for supplying the fuel omitted.
- burner body 3 is comprised of a mixing section 50 for uniting a stream of fuel and a stream of an oxygen-containing gas (air) to form a unit stream and for introducing the unit stream into flame holder section 51.
- the burner body is also provided with a combustion chamber section 52, which is more elaborately illustrated in Fig. 2, and is mounted on flange 53 against shoulder 54 of flame holder section 51.
- Igniter bar 58 may be disposed in the throat, and a conventional electrically activated spark plug 59 for igniting the unit stream is mounted on the side of section 51 with the inner end of the spark plug disposed adjacent bar 58.
- the combination of the throat and bar 58 are especially useful in maintaining combustion of the unit stream in combustion chamber 52, particularly at high fuel velocities.
- Section 51 is also provided with openings 69 and 70 for taking samples of the unit stream.
- Section 50 has an annular manifold portion 60, sleeve 61, bend or elbow portion 62, orifice plate 63 and observation port 64 provided with transparent eye piece 65.
- Sleeve 61 which abuts shoulder 66 and the left end of section 50, cooperates with annular portion 60 to provide a manifold for introducing the smaller of the two streams to be united (usually the fuel stream) from pipe 36 through openings 67 into uniting chamber 68; the size and distribution of openings 67 about the periphery of the sleeve being selected to control entry to the fluid into the chamber.
- the larger stream is introduced to chamber 68 from pipe 29 through the orifice in plate 63 and bend portion 62.
- Fig. 2 illustrates in detail the preferred structure of burner combustion chamber 52 when affixed in place in the refractory furnace wall 5.
- the gaseous fuel and air unit stream passes through flame holder section 51 past igniter bar 58, whereupon the mixture is ignited by spark plug 59 or another effective firing means, and enters burner combustion chamber 52.
- Combustion chamber 52 is preferably substan ⁇ tially completely cylindrical in dimension, extending from the "shoulder" 99 created by the intersection of combustion chamber 52 and adjacent flame holder section 51, and the chamber extends to the beginning of exit funnel 96, a distance 94 in dimension, at which point the combusted fuel gases enter the furnace and melts the metal charge.
- Chamber 52 is shown as being formed by burner tile 49, which is preferably made of silicon carbide and a thin, cylindrical sleeve 90 of predetermined uni ⁇ form dimension, usually about 1/2 inches thick, fabricated from a hard, dense, abrasion resistant refractory sub ⁇ stance, preferably SiC, which can withstand prolonged exposure to t ⁇ iperatures of the order of 2800°F.
- a removable SiC sleeve in the broadest embodiment of the invention, similar results can probably be provided if the entire burner tile structure and sleeve were one-piece cast, or the like, so long as the structure conforms to the ratios and dimensions hereinafter described.
- the use of a sleeve allows ease of replacement of eroded or worn sections, together with permitting changes in combustion chamber dimension should the occasion arise for operating at different tonnage levels.
- predetermined dimension of the sleeve is meant the particular substantially uniform thickness of the sleeve wall.
- the sleeve is axially centered within the chamber bore diameter 92, and is bonded, preferably oxide bonded, to the adjoin ⁇ ing refractory tile 49.
- burner performance over a range of operating conditions is attained when burner tile 49 containing sleeve 90 has been dimensioned in a manner so as to conform to several important chamber parameters; viz., (1) the ratio of the diameter 95 of the combustion chamber (D s ) to the diameter 97 of the flame holder exit (Dp) ; and (2) the ratio of the "effective length" (L E ) to the sleeve diameter (D g ) .
- the burner is designed to conform to the ratio of the overall tile length (L_,) , 100, as the length measured along the chamber centerline from the entrance to the tile to an intersecting point of a plane at the exit face of the combustion chamber tile 49, to the "effective length" (L E )- 94 of the combustion chamber, i.e., the length of the tile lining as measured from the intersection with the flame holder section (shoulder 99) to the end of the sleeve lining at the chamber exit.
- This structural relationship of D g /D F serves to control the degree of expansion of the fuel mixture as it exits the flame holder section and enters into the combustion chamber. This controlled expansion allows_ ignition to occur and the flame to seat on the shoulder formed by the flame holder section and the combustion chamber section. In prior art burners com ⁇ bustion reactions frequently did not proceed until about halfway into the chamber, a condition believed created by a sudden large expansion of the high speed fuel flow upon entrance into the combustion chamber.
- a stable flame is particu ⁇ larly desirable since a long, unstable flame is characteristic of a relatively low degree of combustion of the fuel and oxygen. Such a flame permits a greater amount of copper build up within the chamber and an increase in the oxygen content of the copper to undesir ⁇ able levels.
- a short stable flame in contrast, is indicative of substantially complete combustion occur ⁇ ring within the chamber.
- a further consequence of incomplete combustion is the substantial variation in refractory tile temperatures and uneven refractory wear causing a shorter refractory tile life.
- a preferred range of combustion chamber/flame holder exit diameter ratios is about 1.35 to 1.70, and, more preferably, about 1.40-1.45, e.g. 1.43.
- the ratio of the effective length L E of the combustion chamber to the sleeve diameter D tribe of the chamber has also been found to be an important perfor- mance parameter for the burner. This is believed due to the fact that this ratio provides a suitable geometry of the combustion chamber which enhances combustion and maintains heated walls throughout this length. This ratio has been found to be dependent on the operating energy range (BTU/hr.) of the burner with, in general, increasing operating energy ranges requiring lower ratios.
- a range of about 1.2 to 3.7 may suitably be employed within the invention with best results being obtained when the ratio (L Titan/D s ) ranges from about 1.85 to 3.70, and, most preferably, "about 2.5-3.5, e.g., 3.0, for smaller sized burners less than about 10 X 10 6 BTU/hr., e.g., about 0.5 X 10 6 -11- to 4 X 10 5 BTU/hr.
- the ratio ranges from about 1.2 to 1.7, e.g., about 1.3 to 1.6.
- the ratio of the overall tile length (L ⁇ ) of the combustion chamber tile of the "effective length" jj , (L_/Lg) is essentially a determination of what length sleeve provides the desired result for a parti ⁇ cular burner. Best results have been obtained when the aforementioned ratio varies from about 1.20 to 2.00, with a preferred configuration for a refractory tile about 11 inches long having a SiC sleeve extending about 6-9 inches, most preferably, about 7 1/2 inches, giving a ratio of 1.47.
- Another important system parameter is the velocity " at which the combustion gases pass through the chamber. Surprisingly, the velocity of the exiting gases is about two times greater, for best results, than gas velocities occurring in burners of the prior art. This is believed due to results obtained from correlating the burner dimensions in accordance with the above ratios and the increased combustion of the fuel gases. Thus, correlation of the burner dimensions in accordance with the invention to provide a properly dimensioned combustion chamber has helped improve flame stability over a turndown ratio of about 2 1/2:1, thus leading to a lessening of impurity levels within the molten copper and greatly reduced combustion chamber wear.
- Figures 3 and 4 describe an assembly comprised -12- of a vertical shaft melting furnace 1, launder 2,- and associated piping for supplying a plurality of burners 3 positioned in two circumferential rows with fuel and an oxygen-containing gas (air).
- furnace 1 is provided in its side walls and bottom with a refractory lining 5 which is surrounded by shell 6, fabricated from an appropriate metal, preferably a steel which has been suitably assembled as by welding to provide a shell which is substantially gas tight.
- the furnace side walls are provided with a plurality of ports 7 for combustion burners 3.
- the lower side walls 8 of the furnace are sloped inwardly, and the furnace bottom 9 is sloped towards tap hole 10, which leads into launder 2.
- air from blower 11 is passed at a desired positive pressure through pipe 12 to a control valve 13 feeding the air to manifolds 14, from where it is delivered at a desired positive pressure to the individual burners 3 by lagged pipes.
- the gaseous fuel? supplied from a suitable source flows at a desired positive pressure through pipe 15, provided with heater 16 that is supplied with heat in any suitable manner, as for example, with a heat exchanger using either electrical heat or hot products of combustion, for preheating the fuel.
- the preheated fuel is subsequently passed through the lagged pipes and control valves 16 A to the individual burners 3, which may also be lagged to prevent heat loss.
- Burners 3 are inserted into each of the side wall ports and held in position therein by bolts 17 which hold the mounting plate 18 of each burner tightly against shell 6 so as to provide a substantially gas tight mounting.
- a plurality of burners are positioned in the furnace wall with each burner preferably in a predetermined spaced relationship to the other burners about the furnace.
- a preferred high velocity burner design is shown in Figure 2 and has the following dimensions.
- the combustion tiles 49 for the burners are square and 9 inches on its side.
- Sleeve diameter D g of the combustion tile 49 of the burners is about 2 1/2 inches in diameter
- the exit diameter of flame holding section 51, Dp, is about 1.75 inches
- Dg/Dp is about 1.43.
- the burner is provided with an electrically actuated spark plug 59 to ignite the unit stream and is provided with an igniter bar 58 to assist in maintaining combus ⁇ tion of the unit stream in the combustion chamber 52.
- the effective length Long, measured from the end of the flame holding section 51 to the end of the combustion tile 49 is about 7 1/2 inches.
- the tile length, L_ is about 11 inches, making crizol/" husband - 1.47.
- the ratio of the effective length, L E , to the exit sleeve diameter D g , L E /D g 3.00.
- This burner provides a stable flame over a turn-down ratio of about 2.5:1 in a vertical melting furnace of the type described in U.S. Patent No. 3,199,977 having a design melting capacity of about 20 STPH.
- a high capacity burner providing in excess of 10 X 10 BTU/hr. has a sleeve diameter D g of about 10 1/4 inches, an exit diameter D contend of about 7 1/2 inches, an effective length L_, of about 16 inches and a tile length L_ of about 23 3/16 inches.
- the ratio of D g /Dp is 1.37, L E /D_ is 1.56 and L ⁇ j /L shadow is 1.45.
- This burner provides a stable flame over a turn-down ratio of about 2.5:1.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (12)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/598,397 US4536152A (en) | 1983-04-04 | 1984-04-10 | High-velocity gas burners |
EP85903118A EP0229048B1 (en) | 1985-06-03 | 1985-06-03 | Gas burner |
AT85903118T ATE58221T1 (en) | 1985-06-03 | 1985-06-03 | GAS BURNER. |
KR1019870700096A KR930007447B1 (en) | 1985-06-03 | 1985-06-03 | Gas burner |
BR8507221A BR8507221A (en) | 1985-06-03 | 1985-06-03 | GAS COMBUSTOR |
DE8585903118T DE3580486D1 (en) | 1985-06-03 | 1985-06-03 | GAS BURNER. |
PCT/US1985/001039 WO1986007436A1 (en) | 1985-06-03 | 1985-06-03 | Gas burner |
AU44963/85A AU573863B2 (en) | 1985-06-03 | 1985-06-03 | Gas burner |
JP60502824A JPS62503115A (en) | 1985-06-03 | 1985-06-03 | gas burner |
BG78296A BG47799A3 (en) | 1985-06-03 | 1987-02-02 | Gas burner |
NO87870410A NO870410L (en) | 1985-06-03 | 1987-02-02 | GAS BURNER. |
FI870443A FI86470C (en) | 1985-06-03 | 1987-02-02 | GASBRAENNARE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1985/001039 WO1986007436A1 (en) | 1985-06-03 | 1985-06-03 | Gas burner |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1986007436A1 true WO1986007436A1 (en) | 1986-12-18 |
Family
ID=22188709
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1985/001039 WO1986007436A1 (en) | 1983-04-04 | 1985-06-03 | Gas burner |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0229048B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS62503115A (en) |
KR (1) | KR930007447B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE58221T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU573863B2 (en) |
BG (1) | BG47799A3 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8507221A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3580486D1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI86470C (en) |
NO (1) | NO870410L (en) |
WO (1) | WO1986007436A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0563792A2 (en) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-10-06 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method and apparatus for oxy-fuel heating with lowered nox in high temperature corrosive environments |
EP0563793A2 (en) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-10-06 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Adjustable momentum self-cooled oxy/fuel burner for heating in high-temperature environments |
EP0614044A2 (en) * | 1993-03-01 | 1994-09-07 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process and device for combustion-enhanced atomization and vaporization of liquid fuels |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2806517A (en) * | 1950-11-16 | 1957-09-17 | Shell Dev | Oil atomizing double vortex burner |
US2839128A (en) * | 1953-03-25 | 1958-06-17 | Thermal Res And Engineering Co | Burner |
GB850907A (en) * | 1959-03-05 | 1960-10-12 | Tulifa Verken Ab | An improved burner tube for oil burner units |
US4120639A (en) * | 1977-06-30 | 1978-10-17 | Midland-Ross Corporation | High momentum burners |
US4351632A (en) * | 1977-07-01 | 1982-09-28 | Chugairo Kogyo Kaisha Ltd. | Burner with suppressed NOx generation |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE633958A (en) * | 1962-06-22 | |||
US3299940A (en) * | 1963-06-22 | 1967-01-24 | American Smelting Refining | Burner structure |
JPS5752496A (en) * | 1980-09-17 | 1982-03-27 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Washing machine |
JPS5826489A (en) * | 1981-08-11 | 1983-02-16 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | High frequency heater |
-
1985
- 1985-06-03 DE DE8585903118T patent/DE3580486D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-06-03 EP EP85903118A patent/EP0229048B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-06-03 JP JP60502824A patent/JPS62503115A/en active Pending
- 1985-06-03 WO PCT/US1985/001039 patent/WO1986007436A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1985-06-03 AU AU44963/85A patent/AU573863B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-06-03 BR BR8507221A patent/BR8507221A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-06-03 AT AT85903118T patent/ATE58221T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-06-03 KR KR1019870700096A patent/KR930007447B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1987
- 1987-02-02 FI FI870443A patent/FI86470C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-02-02 BG BG78296A patent/BG47799A3/en unknown
- 1987-02-02 NO NO87870410A patent/NO870410L/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2806517A (en) * | 1950-11-16 | 1957-09-17 | Shell Dev | Oil atomizing double vortex burner |
US2839128A (en) * | 1953-03-25 | 1958-06-17 | Thermal Res And Engineering Co | Burner |
GB850907A (en) * | 1959-03-05 | 1960-10-12 | Tulifa Verken Ab | An improved burner tube for oil burner units |
US4120639A (en) * | 1977-06-30 | 1978-10-17 | Midland-Ross Corporation | High momentum burners |
US4351632A (en) * | 1977-07-01 | 1982-09-28 | Chugairo Kogyo Kaisha Ltd. | Burner with suppressed NOx generation |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP0229048A4 * |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0563792A2 (en) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-10-06 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method and apparatus for oxy-fuel heating with lowered nox in high temperature corrosive environments |
EP0563793A2 (en) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-10-06 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Adjustable momentum self-cooled oxy/fuel burner for heating in high-temperature environments |
EP0563793A3 (en) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-12-08 | Air Prod & Chem | Adjustable momentum self-cooled oxy/fuel burner for heating in high-temperature environments |
EP0563792A3 (en) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-12-08 | Air Prod & Chem | Method and apparatus for oxy-fuel heating with lowered nox in high temperature corrosive environments |
EP0614044A2 (en) * | 1993-03-01 | 1994-09-07 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process and device for combustion-enhanced atomization and vaporization of liquid fuels |
EP0614044A3 (en) * | 1993-03-01 | 1994-11-09 | Air Prod & Chem | Process and device for combustion-enhanced atomization and vaporization of liquid fuels. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI86470B (en) | 1992-05-15 |
FI870443A0 (en) | 1987-02-02 |
NO870410L (en) | 1987-02-02 |
ATE58221T1 (en) | 1990-11-15 |
BR8507221A (en) | 1987-08-04 |
KR880700213A (en) | 1988-02-20 |
AU4496385A (en) | 1987-01-07 |
KR930007447B1 (en) | 1993-08-11 |
EP0229048A4 (en) | 1989-01-24 |
DE3580486D1 (en) | 1990-12-13 |
FI86470C (en) | 1992-08-25 |
EP0229048A1 (en) | 1987-07-22 |
FI870443A (en) | 1987-02-02 |
JPS62503115A (en) | 1987-12-10 |
EP0229048B1 (en) | 1990-11-07 |
BG47799A3 (en) | 1990-09-14 |
AU573863B2 (en) | 1988-06-23 |
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