WO1986005944A1 - Commande d'un systeme d'irrigation dans une serre - Google Patents

Commande d'un systeme d'irrigation dans une serre Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1986005944A1
WO1986005944A1 PCT/DK1986/000042 DK8600042W WO8605944A1 WO 1986005944 A1 WO1986005944 A1 WO 1986005944A1 DK 8600042 W DK8600042 W DK 8600042W WO 8605944 A1 WO8605944 A1 WO 8605944A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
atmospheric moisture
water
solar radiation
moisture
supply
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK1986/000042
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Niels Thorkild Jensen
Original Assignee
Niels Thorkild Jensen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Niels Thorkild Jensen filed Critical Niels Thorkild Jensen
Publication of WO1986005944A1 publication Critical patent/WO1986005944A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of controlling a system for irrigation in a greenhouse, said system comprising one or several controlled valves for regulating the supply of water to the growth substratum or to the earth in the growth bed of the greenhouse, said method comprising a determination of the moisture inside the greenhouse.
  • the known apparatuses such as solar integrators for con- >trol according to the solar radiation alone is encumbered with the drawback, that in the winter period when the sun is low in the sky, they lose their significance concur ⁇ rently with the heat radiation from the pipe systems of the heating plant in the greenhouse increasingly influen ⁇ cing the water evaporation of the plants and consequently the consumption of water in the earth.
  • Apparatuses are admittedly known providing for the evapo ⁇ ration of the plants by comprising an atmometer registering the evaporation from the surface of a liquid.
  • Such a sur ⁇ face of a liguid has, however, a tendency to be covered completely or partly with impurities, such as dust. This reduces the evaporation considerably and gives thus an incorrect evaluation of the actual evaporation.
  • the evaporation which occurs partly from the surfaces of the plants and partly from the surface of the earth in the growth beds will depend on the relative atmospheric moisture. According to the invention it is thus suggested to integrate the atmospheric moisture within the greenhouse and control the supply of water as a function of the in ⁇ tegrated atmospheric moisture.
  • the atmospheric moisture may be measured by means of existing measuring instruments in a considerably more reliable manner than the evapora ⁇ tion, and as it will be obvious the evaporation will depend on the atmosperic moisture in a predictable manner, viz. in such a manner that the evaporation decreases when the atmospheric moisture increases and vice versa.
  • the measurings of the atmospheric moisture are preferably integrated during a given period of time, and an average value of the atmospheric moisture is calculated at regular intervals, and the supply of water is controlled as a function of the latest calculated average value.
  • the solar radiation causes heating of the plant leaves, and the plant attempts to counteract this heating by a corresponding evaporation.
  • the solar radiation has an effect on the growth function of the plants, which is .closely connected to the supply of nourishment, which is also contingent on a suf- ficent irrigation.”
  • the plants receive nourishment for their growth from the water which is sucked by the roots and rises through the stems and leaves of the plants and is evaporated through the stomata of the leaves.
  • the supply of water is preferably controlled both as a function of the integrated atmospheric moisture and dependent on the solar radiation.
  • the measuring of the solar radiation is preferably a mea ⁇ suring of the heat radiation, as the heat radiation pre ⁇ sumably has the greatest influence on the consumption of water of the plants .
  • the radiation may optionally be measured in such a manner that the heat radiation from the heat pipes of the greenhouse is com ⁇ prised by the measuring, and in such a manner that the water supply is controlled as a function of the atmospheric moisture, the influx of light as well as of the heat radi- ation .
  • An apparatus for controlling an irrigation system may comprise a sensor for measuring the atmospheric moisture and a radiation-sensitive detector for measuring the solar radiation, the signal processing means for determining an evaporation and/or the corres ⁇ ponding amount of water substitution to be supplied by the irrigation and output circuits connected therewith for controlling the regulating valves of the irrigation system.
  • the sensor for measuring the atmospheric moisture may be a hygrometer or a psycrometer. In its most simple form the sensor is a hair hygrometer.
  • the sensor has, however, to be of the kind capable of transmitting an electric signal corresponding to the moisture.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates an example of an apparatus according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a second embodiment
  • Fig. 3 is a flow chart.
  • the apparatus comprises a con- trol unit 10 connected with a number of sensors.
  • the sensors is at least one sensor 12 for determining the atmospheric moisture and at least one sensor 14 for deter ⁇ mining the solar radiation.
  • the sensor 12 may be a hygrometer or a psycrometer for dry/wet measuring, for example two electric thermosensors , one wet thermosensor and one dry thermosensor.
  • the sensor 14 may be of the kind comprising a photocell registering the radiation intensity, especially of the sunlight, and is preferably particularly sensitive to infra-red radiation, as the heat radiation is of consider ⁇ able importance to the velocity of evaporation of the plants and consequently to the consumption of water.
  • the sensor 14 is preferably a socalled thermal cell and pre ⁇ ferably located at a high level inside or outside the greenhouse, so that nothing shades the sensor.
  • An addi ⁇ tional sensor 14 may optionally be located in such a manner that the heat radiation from the heat pipes of the green- house is measured, too.
  • the apparatus is on its outlet connected to one or several controlled valves 16 for regulating the supply of water to the growth beds of the greenhouse.
  • the valve 16 may be a solenoid valve, but it is within the scope of the inven- tion to use other kinds of controlled valves.
  • the apparatus 10 integrates the reciprocal value of the integrated atmos ⁇ pheric moisture, and the integrated signal is used for adjusting the supply of water.
  • the input signals from the sensors 12, 14 are converted into digital signals transmitted to a microcomputer adapted to process the sizes measured and convert them into adjusting factors.
  • the apparatus pre- ferably calculates an average atmospheric moisture during a certain period, and this value is converted into a cor ⁇ recting factor or a moisture factor, which is used on a corresponding light factor calculated by integration of the solar radiation during the corresponding period.
  • the regulation according to the invention is particularly advantageous in the winter period, in which the sunlight is relatively weak and consequently of less importance to the evaporation of the plants than in the summer period.
  • An operator can adjust the apparatus 10 to transmit a signal to the valve 16 which causes a suitable supply of water. This signal is corrected by the adjusting factor which the apparatus calculates on the basis of the sensors 12, 14 coupled thereto.
  • the opera ⁇ tor adjusts the apparatus to give the amount of water deemed necessary.
  • the apparatus will then itself provide for variations occuring due to changes in the atmospheric moisture and the solar radiation.
  • the gardener has, however, to estimate whether the adjusted basic value has been suitable and out of experience raise or lower the basic adjustment.
  • the apparatus can itself perform the nec- essary corrections on the basis of the measuring of atmos ⁇ pheric moisture and solar radiation. If new species with different irrigation requirements are planted in the growth beds, the gardener must change the basic adjustment.
  • the moisture signal from the sensor 32 is preferably converted into a digital signal processed in a microprocessor, which is adapted on its outlet to transmit a suitable number of pulses or a puls of a suit ⁇ able length to a relay supplying the solenoid valve 36 with current.
  • an extension could either be made as shown by means of a bypass with an additional solenoid valve 36 or by means of an additional- circuit to the solenoid valve or in its most simple embodiment by means of an additional circuit to the controlled relay.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a flow chart of how the method according to the invention is preferably carried out.
  • a number of calculations are per ⁇ formed in a microprocessor.
  • the microprocessor receives measured data for the wet temperature and the dry tem ⁇ perature, respectively, converted into digital signals and is, as it is wellknown, capable of calculating the current atmospheric moisture LF.
  • the user preadjusts a predetermined threshold value designated LFG.
  • the moisture is of such a mag- nitude that the consumption of water of the plants will not be influenced subs antially by this atmospheric mois ⁇ ture, and the loop consequently returns and views a new value of the atmospheric moisture, which is consequently constantly supervised. If the calculated atmospheric mois- ture LF is smaller than the adjusted threshold value LFG it means that the atmospheric moisture is so low that a further evaporation from the surface of the plant- leaves will take place, and more water must be supplied.
  • the difference between the current atmospheric moisture and the adjusted threshold value is then preferably calculated, and this value A is modified by means of a predetermined constant K to a socalled "simulated solar radiation” and is then transmitted to an integrator which simultaneously receives information as to the solar radiation which is also integrated, and the output signal is then used for regulating the supply of water to the irrigation system.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Greenhouses (AREA)

Abstract

Afin d'assurer aux plantes d'une serre un approvisionnement en eau suffisant, l'humidité atmosphérique dans la serre est intégrée, et l'approvisionnement en eau est commandé en fonction de l'humidité atmosphérique intégrée. La commande par l'humidité est associée de préférence à une commande en fonction du rayonnement solaire. Un appareil de commande de l'irrigation peut comprendre un senseur (12) de l'humidité et un senseur (14) de la lumière et de la chaleur qui transmettent des signaux par un convertisseur analogique-numérique à un micro-ordinateur qui calcule l'importance des quantités d'eau fournies par le système d'irrigation et qui est capable d'activer l'approvisionnement en émettant un nombre approprié d'impulsions à un relais (R) qui commande l'approvisionnement en eau par l'intermédiaire d'une soupape solénoïde (16).
PCT/DK1986/000042 1985-04-16 1986-04-16 Commande d'un systeme d'irrigation dans une serre WO1986005944A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK1712/85 1985-04-16
DK171285A DK171285A (da) 1985-04-16 1985-04-16 Styring af vandingsanlaeg i et drivhus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1986005944A1 true WO1986005944A1 (fr) 1986-10-23

Family

ID=8107432

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK1986/000042 WO1986005944A1 (fr) 1985-04-16 1986-04-16 Commande d'un systeme d'irrigation dans une serre

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0217891A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK171285A (fr)
WO (1) WO1986005944A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0380734A1 (fr) * 1988-02-16 1990-08-08 OCS, Inc. Système d'irrigation pour serre basé sur le déficit de pression de vapeur
US5130925A (en) * 1988-10-07 1992-07-14 Rutgers, The State University Apparatus and method for economical continuous, and predictable greenhouse crop production
NL1031357C2 (nl) * 2006-03-13 2007-09-14 Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omge Nevelkas.
DE102006043117B3 (de) * 2006-09-08 2008-04-10 Yara International Asa Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum bedarfsgerechten Versorgen von Kulturpflanzen mit Wasser und/oder Nährstoffen in Gartenbauanlagen
AU2019201327B2 (en) * 2012-03-19 2019-09-12 Netafim Ltd Method of indoor mushroom cultivation
CN113330951A (zh) * 2020-02-18 2021-09-03 学校法人立命馆 植物培育系统、控制器、植物培育方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4430828A (en) * 1983-03-08 1984-02-14 Oglevee Computer Systems Plant oriented control system

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4430828A (en) * 1983-03-08 1984-02-14 Oglevee Computer Systems Plant oriented control system

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0380734A1 (fr) * 1988-02-16 1990-08-08 OCS, Inc. Système d'irrigation pour serre basé sur le déficit de pression de vapeur
US5130925A (en) * 1988-10-07 1992-07-14 Rutgers, The State University Apparatus and method for economical continuous, and predictable greenhouse crop production
NL1031357C2 (nl) * 2006-03-13 2007-09-14 Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omge Nevelkas.
WO2007105168A3 (fr) * 2006-03-13 2008-01-03 Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omge Serre à brumisation
DE102006043117B3 (de) * 2006-09-08 2008-04-10 Yara International Asa Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum bedarfsgerechten Versorgen von Kulturpflanzen mit Wasser und/oder Nährstoffen in Gartenbauanlagen
AU2019201327B2 (en) * 2012-03-19 2019-09-12 Netafim Ltd Method of indoor mushroom cultivation
CN113330951A (zh) * 2020-02-18 2021-09-03 学校法人立命馆 植物培育系统、控制器、植物培育方法
US11310971B2 (en) * 2020-02-18 2022-04-26 The Ritsumeikan Trust Plant cultivation system, controller, and plant cultivation method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK171285A (da) 1986-10-17
EP0217891A1 (fr) 1987-04-15
DK171285D0 (da) 1985-04-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4856227A (en) Plant oriented control system based upon vapor pressure deficit data
Jolliet et al. The effect of climate on tomato transpiration in greenhouses: measurements and models comparison
Baille et al. Microclimate and transpiration of greenhouse rose crops
Stanghellini Environmental control of greenhouse crop transpiration
Pieters et al. Performances of greenhouses with the presence of condensation on cladding materials
CA1282474C (fr) Systeme de controle de l'environnement des plantes base sur la mesure de la pression de vapeur
US20030109964A1 (en) Irrigation controller using regression model
Wright Derivation of alfalfa and grass reference evapotranspiration
US8924031B1 (en) Irrigation scheduling and supervisory control and data acquisition system for moving and static irrigation systems
Lorenzo et al. Greenhouse crop transpiration: an implement to soilless irrigation management
Jensen et al. Canopy-air temperature of crops grown under different irrigation regimes in a temperate humid climate
Yue et al. IoT based automatic water level and electrical conductivity monitoring system
WO1986005944A1 (fr) Commande d'un systeme d'irrigation dans une serre
Prenger et al. Plant response-based irrigation control system in a greenhouse: system evaluation
Day et al. The effects of drought on barley: soil and plant water relations
Iritz et al. Night-time evaporation from a short-rotation willow stand
Mogensen et al. Spectral reflectance index as an indicator of drought of field grown oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)
Zolnier et al. Evapotranspiration estimates for greenhouse lettuce using an intermittent nutrient film technique
Chiapale et al. Comparison of calculated and measured performance of a fluid-roof and a standard greenhouse
Jolliet Modelling of water uptake, transpiration and humidity in greenhouses, and of their effects on crops
Guttormsen Effects of root medium and watering on transpiration, growth and development of glasshouse crops: II. The relationship between evaporation pan measurements and transpiration in glasshouse crops
JP2508856B2 (ja) 施設園芸における複合環境制御装置
EP0195373A3 (fr) Méthode et appareil pour la régulation du climat en relation avec la pollinisation des plantes dans une serre
Kizer et al. Hourly ET model calibration with eddy flux and energy balance data
Hopmans In situ plant water relations monitoring for greenhouse climate control with computers

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): FI NO

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT DE FR GB IT NL SE