WO1985003970A1 - Safety interlock - Google Patents
Safety interlock Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1985003970A1 WO1985003970A1 PCT/GB1985/000082 GB8500082W WO8503970A1 WO 1985003970 A1 WO1985003970 A1 WO 1985003970A1 GB 8500082 W GB8500082 W GB 8500082W WO 8503970 A1 WO8503970 A1 WO 8503970A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- movable
- fastening
- rotary
- door
- operating
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B17/00—Accessories in connection with locks
- E05B17/22—Means for operating or controlling lock or fastening device accessories, i.e. other than the fastening members, e.g. switches, indicators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16P—SAFETY DEVICES IN GENERAL; SAFETY DEVICES FOR PRESSES
- F16P3/00—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body
- F16P3/08—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body in connection with the locking of doors, covers, guards, or like members giving access to moving machine parts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H27/00—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings
- H01H27/002—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings wherein one single insertion movement of a key comprises an unlocking stroke and a switch actuating stroke, e.g. security switch for safety guards
Definitions
- This invention relates to interlocking devices for doors giving access to pressure vessels, electrical switch enclosures, machines, and other hazardous areas.
- a rotary motion usually associated with a cam, (for most switches, and. for many position-sensing valves), but sometimes associated directly with the rotary operation of a valve.
- the rotary motion may be derived from a machine guard hinge on which a cam is mounted, but this type of system has limited sensitivity and cannot be applied to removable guards.
- Methods are known for interlocking using rotary mechanisms driven by an exchange key (which is moved from switch to guard bolt) ; by a captive key, captive in the guard, which engages axially with the rotary switch or valve mechanism; or by a tongue device which engages with the rotary mechanism tangentially. This invention, relates to a development of the last mentioned device.
- Figure 1 shows an arrangement of the switch contacts, the rotary cam which operates them, and the arrangement of the tongue device which operates the rotary cam.
- FIGS 2 and 4 show arrangements of switch and lever operated bolt in which the bolt acts as the operating tongue device.
- Figure 3 shows an adaptor for the arrangement in figure 2, enabling it to be applied to sliding doors.
- One embodiment of the invention (figures 1, 2) comprises switch contacts 1 which are pressed towards the closed position by a spring 2.
- the contacts may be directly driven as shown, or of a type where snap action is followed by a direct break, or of snap acting type alone.
- the switch may be substituted any valve, pneumatic or hydraulic, which is operated by axial movement of a plunger, or by other linear movement.
- the switch or valve is operated by a cam 3.
- the device may instead of linearly driving switch contacts or valve ports by means of cam 3, equally well drive a rotary control element directly.
- the cam is driven round directly, or indirectly via any known lost motion and overcentring mechanism, by the tangential engagement of a tongue 4.
- a lip 14 on the tongue engages with a mating surface 15 of, the rotary device or cam to provide a positive drive in the "off” direction.
- Corresponding pairs of surfaces 16, 17 drive in the "on" direction.
- the tongue is fixed to the door to engage the switch and associated parts as the door is closed.
- it is arranged as shown to act as a fastening device for the door 5, operable to affect the switch only when the door is closed. Operation is by sliding, or as shown, by manual operation of a rotary handle 6 through a rack 7 and pinion 8, or other known mechanisms for door handles. It may be arranged with a spring 9 to have a slam action, and a ramp 10 permitting the door to be slammed without the bolt being retracted by the handle.
- the handle may incorporate lost motion as in a conventional household door handle.
- device may be made more secure by using a known arrangement of a magnet 11 in the door operating a spring 12 returned contact shielding device 13.
- Increased security may be generated by using two tongues and two switch assemblies.
- the tongue device may itself be designed to have a surface suitable for latching, or may be associated with a separate bolt driven simultaneously with it, or interlocked mechanically with it and operating separately.
- Time delays or hazard sensors may be used therefore to operate a solenoid bolt, a thermally operated bolt, or pneumatic or hydraulic or other bolts (depending on the types of control media available) to either (a) retain the door or (b) retain the latch mechanism or bolt.
- a solenoid bolt a thermally operated bolt
- pneumatic or hydraulic or other bolts depending on the types of control media available
- Locking means 21 may be provided to prevent operation of the handle.
- a solenoid bolt 34 is arranged to detain the latch bolt, in the embodiment of figure 2, being a miniature solenoid inserting a bar 35 in the path of the latch bolt.
- a ramp device 20 is used in lieu of the ramp 10 on the embodiment of figure 2.
- the device of figure 2 may be mounted either inside or outside the enclosure, and the latch operating mechanism likewise, if appropriate to the purpose of the enclosure.
- the invention may be applied to any domestic appliance or item of industrial plant or machinery where an interlock and a door latching system are desired or required, and can be combined in a single unit.
Abstract
A fastening device for doors, panels and other hinged, sliding or detachable parts includes a movable fastening element (4) engaging with a rotary element (3) which operates a control element (1). A surface (14) on the movable element and a corresponding surface (15) on the rotary element are so arranged that on disengagement of the movable element, the rotary element is forced to rotate, thereby operating the control element.
Description
SAFETY INTERLOCK
Technical field - This invention relates to interlocking devices for doors giving access to pressure vessels, electrical switch enclosures, machines, and other hazardous areas.
Background art - In using electromechanical switches for safety interlocking purposes, it is known to be preferable to use switches with contacts which can be mechanically forced into the open or off position, and such switches are preferably arranged so that door opening is accompanied by a forced movement and not by the action of a return spring in the off direction. Similar considerations apply to pneumatic hydraulic and process valves, where it is also preferable to have a positive mechanical action to the off position. The mechanical forcing to the off position is known as positive mode operation, and is designed to overcome failures due to sticking, or in electrical switches, contact welding.
In most cases, forcing into the off position is achieved by a rotary motion, usually associated with a cam, (for most switches, and. for many position-sensing valves), but sometimes associated directly with the rotary operation of a valve. The rotary motion may be derived from a machine guard hinge on which a cam is mounted, but this type of system has limited sensitivity and cannot be applied to removable guards. Methods are known for interlocking using rotary mechanisms driven by an exchange key (which is moved from switch to guard bolt) ; by a captive key, captive in the guard, which engages axially with the rotary switch or valve mechanism; or by a tongue device which engages with the rotary mechanism tangentially. This invention, relates to a development of the last mentioned device. It is well known in the domestic goods industry to have interlocks combined with various forms of latch mechanism, these latches helping to seal doors; vaguely similar systems exist in the autoclave (pressure vessel) industry. In neither case is the valve or switching mechanism positively operated, and no such devices exist
in fields where this mode of operation is required, though they would be very useful. This invention relates to this type of development.
Drawings - The invention will now be described by way of example by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows an arrangement of the switch contacts, the rotary cam which operates them, and the arrangement of the tongue device which operates the rotary cam.
Figures 2 and 4 show arrangements of switch and lever operated bolt in which the bolt acts as the operating tongue device.
Figure 3 shows an adaptor for the arrangement in figure 2, enabling it to be applied to sliding doors.
One embodiment of the invention (figures 1, 2) comprises switch contacts 1 which are pressed towards the closed position by a spring 2. The contacts may be directly driven as shown, or of a type where snap action is followed by a direct break, or of snap acting type alone. For the switch may be substituted any valve, pneumatic or hydraulic, which is operated by axial movement of a plunger, or by other linear movement. The switch or valve is operated by a cam 3. The device may instead of linearly driving switch contacts or valve ports by means of cam 3, equally well drive a rotary control element directly. The cam is driven round directly, or indirectly via any known lost motion and overcentring mechanism, by the tangential engagement of a tongue 4. A lip 14 on the tongue engages with a mating surface 15 of, the rotary device or cam to provide a positive drive in the "off" direction. Corresponding pairs of surfaces 16, 17 drive in the "on" direction.
In known devices, the tongue is fixed to the door to engage the switch and associated parts as the door is closed. In embodiments of the invention, it is arranged as shown to act as a fastening device for the door 5, operable to affect the switch only when the door is closed. Operation is by sliding, or as shown, by manual operation of a rotary handle
6 through a rack 7 and pinion 8, or other known mechanisms for door handles. It may be arranged with a spring 9 to have a slam action, and a ramp 10 permitting the door to be slammed without the bolt being retracted by the handle. The handle may incorporate lost motion as in a conventional household door handle.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in figure 4, device may be made more secure by using a known arrangement of a magnet 11 in the door operating a spring 12 returned contact shielding device 13.
Increased security may be generated by using two tongues and two switch assemblies.
The tongue device may itself be designed to have a surface suitable for latching, or may be associated with a separate bolt driven simultaneously with it, or interlocked mechanically with it and operating separately.
Frequently it is needed to hold a door shut during the period of existence of a hazard, it not being possible to rely on the immediate disappearance of the hazard if the switch controlling it is switched off. Time delays or hazard sensors may be used therefore to operate a solenoid bolt, a thermally operated bolt, or pneumatic or hydraulic or other bolts (depending on the types of control media available) to either (a) retain the door or (b) retain the latch mechanism or bolt. An arrangement of the latter type is shown inset in figure 2, wherein a retainer 18 is operated by a solenoid 19.
In the embodiment of figure 4, the parts are numbered to correspond with similar parts in figure 2. Locking means 21 may be provided to prevent operation of the handle.
A solenoid bolt 34 is arranged to detain the latch bolt, in the embodiment of figure 2, being a miniature solenoid inserting a bar 35 in the path of the latch bolt.
For sliding doors, a ramp device 20 is used in lieu of the ramp 10 on the embodiment of figure 2.
It will be appreciated that the device of figure 2 may be mounted either inside or outside the enclosure, and the latch operating mechanism likewise, if appropriate to the
purpose of the enclosure.
Application - The invention may be applied to any domestic appliance or item of industrial plant or machinery where an interlock and a door latching system are desired or required, and can be combined in a single unit.
Claims
1. A fastening device including a movable fastening element 4 engageable with a rotary element 3, the latter arranged to operate a control element 1; a surface 14 on the movable element and a corresponding surface 15 on the rotary element so arranged that on disengagement of the movable element, the rotary element is forced to rotate, thereby operating the control element.
2. A device as in claim 1, wherein the movable element 4 is a sliding bolt, operated generally not parallel to the closing movement of the door 5 or other part on which it is mounted.
3. A device as in claims 1 or 2, wherein a fastener holding device 18 is provided to prevent relative movement of the movable element 4 and the rotary element 3.
4. A method of operating a fastening device and a control element 1 including the steps of moving the fastening element into and out of engagement with a rotary element 3 in such a way that during disengagement of the movable element, the rotary element rotates to operate a control element.
5. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the operation of the movable fastening element 4 is a sliding movement, generally not parallel to the closing movement of the door 5 or other part on which the fastening element is mounted.
6. A method as claimed in claims 4 or 5, wherein the additional step of operating a fastening holding device 18 prevents operation of the movable fastening element 4.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB848405342A GB8405342D0 (en) | 1984-02-29 | 1984-02-29 | Interlocking and latching tongues |
GB8405342 | 1984-02-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1985003970A1 true WO1985003970A1 (en) | 1985-09-12 |
Family
ID=10557392
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB1985/000082 WO1985003970A1 (en) | 1984-02-29 | 1985-02-28 | Safety interlock |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0172214A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB8405342D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1985003970A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1990008396A1 (en) * | 1989-01-19 | 1990-07-26 | Eja Engineering Company Limited | Safety switch assemblies |
EP0825628A1 (en) * | 1996-08-16 | 1998-02-25 | K.A. SCHMERSAL GmbH & Co. | Monitoring system |
EP1071214A1 (en) * | 1999-07-22 | 2001-01-24 | K.A. SCHMERSAL GmbH & Co. | Monitoring apparatus |
US6283514B1 (en) | 1996-08-16 | 2001-09-04 | K. A. Schmersal Gmbh & Co. | Apparatus for monitoring and controlling access to a restricted area |
US6539760B1 (en) | 1999-05-24 | 2003-04-01 | K.A. Schmersal Gmbh & Co. | Monitoring device |
EP1447500A2 (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-08-18 | K.A. SCHMERSAL GmbH & Co. | Security blocking device |
EP1795676A2 (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-06-13 | Pilz GmbH & CO. KG | Safety switch for generating an enable signal according to the position of a movable security door |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2425898A1 (en) * | 1974-05-30 | 1975-12-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method of opening electrical contacts - has electrical operated ram and formed link connected to protection screen |
-
1984
- 1984-02-29 GB GB848405342A patent/GB8405342D0/en active Pending
-
1985
- 1985-02-28 EP EP19850901039 patent/EP0172214A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-02-28 WO PCT/GB1985/000082 patent/WO1985003970A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2425898A1 (en) * | 1974-05-30 | 1975-12-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method of opening electrical contacts - has electrical operated ram and formed link connected to protection screen |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1990008396A1 (en) * | 1989-01-19 | 1990-07-26 | Eja Engineering Company Limited | Safety switch assemblies |
EP0825628A1 (en) * | 1996-08-16 | 1998-02-25 | K.A. SCHMERSAL GmbH & Co. | Monitoring system |
US6283514B1 (en) | 1996-08-16 | 2001-09-04 | K. A. Schmersal Gmbh & Co. | Apparatus for monitoring and controlling access to a restricted area |
US6539760B1 (en) | 1999-05-24 | 2003-04-01 | K.A. Schmersal Gmbh & Co. | Monitoring device |
EP1071214A1 (en) * | 1999-07-22 | 2001-01-24 | K.A. SCHMERSAL GmbH & Co. | Monitoring apparatus |
EP1447500A2 (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-08-18 | K.A. SCHMERSAL GmbH & Co. | Security blocking device |
EP1447500A3 (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2007-05-09 | K.A. SCHMERSAL GmbH & Co. | Security blocking device |
US7357429B2 (en) | 2003-02-12 | 2008-04-15 | K.A. Schmersal Gmbh & Co. | Safety lock |
EP1795676A2 (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-06-13 | Pilz GmbH & CO. KG | Safety switch for generating an enable signal according to the position of a movable security door |
EP1795676A3 (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2008-01-23 | Pilz GmbH & CO. KG | Safety switch for generating an enable signal according to the position of a movable security door |
EP2017409A1 (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2009-01-21 | Pilz GmbH & CO. KG | Safety switch for creating a release signal depending on the position of a moveable safety door |
US7775072B2 (en) | 2005-11-28 | 2010-08-17 | Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Safety switch for a moveable guard door |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB8405342D0 (en) | 1984-04-04 |
EP0172214A1 (en) | 1986-02-26 |
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