WO1984002117A1 - Safety closure and container - Google Patents

Safety closure and container Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1984002117A1
WO1984002117A1 PCT/US1983/001837 US8301837W WO8402117A1 WO 1984002117 A1 WO1984002117 A1 WO 1984002117A1 US 8301837 W US8301837 W US 8301837W WO 8402117 A1 WO8402117 A1 WO 8402117A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
closure
container
bayonet
lug
lugs
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1983/001837
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Carl W Cooke
Original Assignee
Carl W Cooke
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carl W Cooke filed Critical Carl W Cooke
Priority to AT84900192T priority Critical patent/ATE30892T1/en
Priority to DE8484900192T priority patent/DE3374549D1/en
Priority to JP84500173A priority patent/JPS60500169A/en
Publication of WO1984002117A1 publication Critical patent/WO1984002117A1/en
Priority to NO84842656A priority patent/NO158214C/en
Priority to DK352484A priority patent/DK352484A/en
Priority to FI842906A priority patent/FI80860C/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
    • B65D41/02—Caps or cap-like covers without lines of weakness, tearing strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices
    • B65D41/04—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation
    • B65D41/06—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation with bayonet cams, i.e. removed by first pushing axially to disengage the cams and then rotating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/40—Special measures for connecting different parts of the filter
    • B01D2201/4015—Bayonet connecting means

Definitions

  • This invention relates to closures for containers and more particularly to closures and containers having a locking feature so that when the closure is sealingly engaged on a container the cap is locked thereon and can be removed only by special manipulation.
  • Safety closures are designed to lock onto a container in such a fashion as to make their removal difficult, particularly for children.
  • Safety closures are typically used in connection with containers for drugs, medicines, corrosive materials, and the like, which can cause serious injury if opened by children. For example, it is required that certain pharmaceuticals be dispensed from containers provided with safety closures in order to avoid such unintended opening.
  • closure and container are adapted for use with harmless substances
  • the present invention is an improved closure and container where the closure can be utilized as a safety closure which, when in the sealing position, is locked on to the container, or which can be utlized as a snap-on closure or as a conventional twist-on closure without the safety locking feature.
  • a container having a open neck portion is provided with a plurality of locking elements about the outer surface of the open neck portion and a closure having a cylindrical skirt portion adapted to receive the open neck portion of the container and wherein the skirt portion carries corresponding locking elements on the interior wall surface thereof for cooperation with the locking elements on the open neck portion of the container.
  • the inner face of the closure is provided with resilient means for acting against the open neck portion of the container for urging the closure axially upwardly when the closure is in the sealing position, and for aiding in the sealing function of the closure.
  • the locking elements on the container comprise bayonet type lugs, each disposed on the neck portion of the container adjacent the mouth thereof and comprising an elongated, axially extending portion and a leading end portion extending normal to the elongated portion.
  • the leading end portion of the bayonet lug is provided with an enlarged area spaced apart from the elongated portion to define an indent on the bayonet lug.
  • Each corresponding locking element on the closure is adapted to the ride over the leading end portion of its corresponding bayonet lug to provide a snap-on mode of operation or can be torqued on the leading end portion of the bayonet lug to provide a conventional twist-on mode of operation or can be received in the indent of the bayonet lug responsive to the upward urging of the resilient member on the closure to provide a safety lock mode of operation.
  • the twist-on and snap lock features are provided, by extending the leading end of the bayonet lug beyond the enlarged portion so that the bayonet lug has essentially an inverted L-shape with the elongated axially extending portion comprising the base of the L.
  • twist-on and snap-on features are provided by providing a trailing end portion extending in a direction opposite the leading end portion so that the bayonet lug is essentially T- shaped.
  • Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a closure and container showing a portion of the interior of the closure and the neck portion of the container illustrating the locking elements and having the bayonet lugs formed about the open neck portion of the container;
  • Figs. 2a, and 2b are side views, in enlarged scale, of a portion of the neck portion of the container illustrating two embodiments of the bayonet lug;
  • Figs. 3a, 3b and 3c are side views, partially in section, illustrating the operation of the closure and container in the safety lock mode utilizing the bayonet lug embodiment of Fig. 2a as the closure receives the neck portion of the container and is drawn into sealing and locked position;
  • Fig. 4 is a side view of the neck portion partially broken away and closure partially in section showing operation of the closure in the twist-on mode utilizing the bayonet lug of Fig. 2a.
  • Fig. 5 is a side view of the neck portion partially broken away and closure partially in section showing operation of the closure in the snap-on mode utilizing the bayonet lug of Fig. 2a.
  • a package structure comprising a container 11 and a closure 10, the closure having a top wall 12, and a depending skirt portion 14.
  • the top wall 12 is provided with suitable resilient means such as an elasto meric liner 15.
  • Locking lugs 16 are disposed about the inner wall surface of the depending skirt portion 14.
  • the container 11 has a neck portion 18 which terminates in an opening 20.
  • the neck of the container is provided with a plurality of bayonet lugs 22, which are disposed about the neck portion 18 adjacent the opening
  • each bayonet lug 22 comprises an elongated portion 26, which extends axially away from the opening 20 of the container 11 and a leading end portion 28, which is provided with an enlarged area 30, which defines a camming surface 31, and which is spaced on the leading end portion 28 away from the elongated portion 26 to define therebetween an indent 32.
  • a trailing end 34 extends normal to the elongated portion 26 in adirection opposite to the leading end 28.
  • the trailing end member 34 is eliminated and the leading end member is extended beyond the enlarged area 30.
  • the closure can be operated in three modes of operation, i.e., as a safety lock closure, as a conventional twist-on closure, or as a snap-on closure.
  • a safety lock closure as a conventional twist-on closure
  • a snap-on closure as a closure.
  • the operation of the closure in the safety lock mode of operation is illustrated utilizing the bayonet lug 22, illustrated in Fig. 2a.
  • the neck portion 18 of the container 11 is received within the depending skirt portion 14 of the closure 10.
  • the lugs 16 of the closure are aligned with the channels 24 defined between the bayonet lugs 22.
  • the lugs 16 are brought into contact with the camming surface 31 of the enlarged area 30, causing the closure to be drawn axially downwardly against the opening 20 of the container 11 and compressing the elastomeric liner 15 on the top wall 12 of the closure.
  • the lugs 16 into alignment with corresponding indents 32 on the bayonet lugs 22 and the lugs are moved into the indent by the urging of the compressed elastomeric liner (Fig. 3c).
  • closure 10 is removed by urging the closure axially downwardly to bring the lugs 16 out of the corresponding indents 32 and the closure is turned in a counterclockwise direction so that the lugs are brought back into alignment with the channels 24 so that the closure can be removed.
  • the closure 10 operates in the safety lock mode utilizing the embodiments of the bayonet lugs 22 illustrated in Fig. 2b in the same manner as described above for the embodiment of Fig. 2a.
  • Fig. 4 The use of the closure in the twist-on mode is best illustrated in Fig. 4 wherein the lugs 16 are placed in alignment with the corresponding channels 24 on the neck portion 18 of the container 11. The closure 10 is then pressed downward slightly and twisted in a counterclockwise direction until each of the lugs 16 are disposed beneath the trailing end member of the corresponding bayonet lug 22.
  • the leading end member 28 is extended beyond the enlarged area 30 so that the closure 10 can be operated in the twist-on mode by turning it in a clockwise direction so as to bring a lug 16 of the closure under the leading end 28 of a corresponding bayonet lug.
  • the closure 10 operates in the snap-on mode by aligning the lugs 16 directly over the trailing end member 34 of the corresponding bayonet lugs 22 illustrated in Fig. 2a. Responsive to the downward urging of the closure 10, the lugs 16 are forced over the respective trailing end members 34 and snap into a locked position below the respective trailing end members. In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 2b, the closure 10 is operated in the snap-on mode by aligning the lugs 16 over the extended portion of the leading end member 28.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The combination of a multi-functional closure and container including an open neck portion (18). The closure (10) includes a top wall, a resilient member (15) carried by the top wall and a depending skirt portion (14) for receiving the open neck portion of the container. Corresponding locking lugs (16) are disposed about the inner wall of the cylindrical skirt portion (14) of the closure and the outer wall of the neck portion (18) of the container adapted to permit the closure to operate in a safety lock mode, a twist-on mode and a snap-on mode. Each of the locking lugs of the container comprise a bayonet lug (22) including an elongated axially extended member (26) and a leading end member extending normal to the elongated portion. An enlarged area (30) is provided on the leading end member and spaced from the elongated axially extending member (22) to define an indent (32) to provide the safety lock feature. In one embodiment the bayonet lug is provided with a trailing end member (34) for cooperation with a corresponding lug on the closure providing the snap-on and twist-on mode of operation. In another embodiment, the leading end member is extended beyond the enlarged area of the bayonet lug to provide the snap-on and twist-on mode of operation in cooperation with a corresponding lug of the closure.

Description

SAFETY CLOSURE AND CONTAINER
Background of the Invention
This invention relates to closures for containers and more particularly to closures and containers having a locking feature so that when the closure is sealingly engaged on a container the cap is locked thereon and can be removed only by special manipulation.
Safety closures are designed to lock onto a container in such a fashion as to make their removal difficult, particularly for children. Safety closures are typically used in connection with containers for drugs, medicines, corrosive materials, and the like, which can cause serious injury if opened by children. For example, it is required that certain pharmaceuticals be dispensed from containers provided with safety closures in order to avoid such unintended opening.
In certain cases, however, such as, for example, when the closure and container are adapted for use with harmless substances, it is desirable to provide for the use of the closure in the conventional manner without the safety locking feature. In other cases, it may be desired to utilize a snap lock closure so that the closure is engaged in sealing relationship with the container by a simple downward thrust on the closure.
Several designs for safety closures are available, including single-piece and multi-piece designs. Examples of various designs for closures having a safety locking feature are to be found in U.S. Patents 3,072,276 (Nichols), 3,360,147 (Shaeffer), and 2,776,066 (Thornton). A significant problem encountered with prior art safety closures is that of the shear strength of the locking elements. Thus, if the shear strength of the locking elements is too low, the closure can be removed by shearing or breaking away the locking element and this can occur even when manipulated by children. Consequently, it is highly preferred that the locking elements, particularly those on the closure, be integrally formed as part of the closure. Cooke, in U.S. Patent 3,888,376 and U.S. Patent 3,942,899, discloses an improved closure design employing a substantially continuous thread in which the locking means are integrally formed as part of the thread. In this manner, the probability of removing the closure without the proper manipulative steps by shearing the locking means is substantially reduced.
In many cases, however, it is preferred to utilize the closure in a more conventional fashion without the locking feature simply by engaging thread elements of the closure and container and simply torquing the cap into a sealing position or by a simple snap lock. One type of prior art device employs a two-sided closure in which conventional thread elements are provided on one side of the closure for engagement with corresponding thread elements on the inner surface of the mouth portion of the container and the other side provided with lugs which are engageable with corresponding locking elements on the outer surface of the neck of the container. These devices are expensive to manufacture and require the use of excessive amounts of materials in forming the twosided closure. Summary of the Invention
The present invention is an improved closure and container where the closure can be utilized as a safety closure which, when in the sealing position, is locked on to the container, or which can be utlized as a snap-on closure or as a conventional twist-on closure without the safety locking feature.
In accordance with the invention, a container having a open neck portion is provided with a plurality of locking elements about the outer surface of the open neck portion and a closure having a cylindrical skirt portion adapted to receive the open neck portion of the container and wherein the skirt portion carries corresponding locking elements on the interior wall surface thereof for cooperation with the locking elements on the open neck portion of the container. The inner face of the closure is provided with resilient means for acting against the open neck portion of the container for urging the closure axially upwardly when the closure is in the sealing position, and for aiding in the sealing function of the closure.
The locking elements on the container comprise bayonet type lugs, each disposed on the neck portion of the container adjacent the mouth thereof and comprising an elongated, axially extending portion and a leading end portion extending normal to the elongated portion. The leading end portion of the bayonet lug is provided with an enlarged area spaced apart from the elongated portion to define an indent on the bayonet lug.
Each corresponding locking element on the closure is adapted to the ride over the leading end portion of its corresponding bayonet lug to provide a snap-on mode of operation or can be torqued on the leading end portion of the bayonet lug to provide a conventional twist-on mode of operation or can be received in the indent of the bayonet lug responsive to the upward urging of the resilient member on the closure to provide a safety lock mode of operation.
In one embodiment of the invention, the twist-on and snap lock features are provided, by extending the leading end of the bayonet lug beyond the enlarged portion so that the bayonet lug has essentially an inverted L-shape with the elongated axially extending portion comprising the base of the L.
in another embodiment of the invention, the twist-on and snap-on features are provided by providing a trailing end portion extending in a direction opposite the leading end portion so that the bayonet lug is essentially T- shaped.
While the invention will be described hereinafter in its preferred formed with the bayonet lug locking elements on the container, it should be apparent that the features of the invention can be achieved by simply reversing the locking elements and placing the bayonet lugs on the closure.
Other aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings
Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a closure and container showing a portion of the interior of the closure and the neck portion of the container illustrating the locking elements and having the bayonet lugs formed about the open neck portion of the container;
Figs. 2a, and 2b are side views, in enlarged scale, of a portion of the neck portion of the container illustrating two embodiments of the bayonet lug;
Figs. 3a, 3b and 3c are side views, partially in section, illustrating the operation of the closure and container in the safety lock mode utilizing the bayonet lug embodiment of Fig. 2a as the closure receives the neck portion of the container and is drawn into sealing and locked position; and
Fig. 4 is a side view of the neck portion partially broken away and closure partially in section showing operation of the closure in the twist-on mode utilizing the bayonet lug of Fig. 2a.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the neck portion partially broken away and closure partially in section showing operation of the closure in the snap-on mode utilizing the bayonet lug of Fig. 2a.
Description of the Preferred Embodiment
Referring now to the drawings, and particularly Fig. 1, there is shown a package structure comprising a container 11 and a closure 10, the closure having a top wall 12, and a depending skirt portion 14. The top wall 12 is provided with suitable resilient means such as an elasto meric liner 15. Locking lugs 16 are disposed about the inner wall surface of the depending skirt portion 14.
The container 11 has a neck portion 18 which terminates in an opening 20. The neck of the container is provided with a plurality of bayonet lugs 22, which are disposed about the neck portion 18 adjacent the opening
20 and which are spaced apart to define channels 24 therebetween.
As shown most clearly in Fig. 2a, each bayonet lug 22 comprises an elongated portion 26, which extends axially away from the opening 20 of the container 11 and a leading end portion 28, which is provided with an enlarged area 30, which defines a camming surface 31, and which is spaced on the leading end portion 28 away from the elongated portion 26 to define therebetween an indent 32. In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 2a, a trailing end 34 extends normal to the elongated portion 26 in adirection opposite to the leading end 28. In the embodiment of the bayonet lug 22, illustrated in Fig. 2b, the trailing end member 34 is eliminated and the leading end member is extended beyond the enlarged area 30.
in accordance with the present invention, the closure can be operated in three modes of operation, i.e., as a safety lock closure, as a conventional twist-on closure, or as a snap-on closure. Referring to Figs. 3a, 3b and 3c, the operation of the closure in the safety lock mode of operation is illustrated utilizing the bayonet lug 22, illustrated in Fig. 2a.
In operation the neck portion 18 of the container 11 is received within the depending skirt portion 14 of the closure 10. The lugs 16 of the closure are aligned with the channels 24 defined between the bayonet lugs 22. As the closure 10 is turned in clockwise direction, the lugs 16 are brought into contact with the camming surface 31 of the enlarged area 30, causing the closure to be drawn axially downwardly against the opening 20 of the container 11 and compressing the elastomeric liner 15 on the top wall 12 of the closure. Continued turning of the closure 10 brings the lugs 16 into alignment with corresponding indents 32 on the bayonet lugs 22 and the lugs are moved into the indent by the urging of the compressed elastomeric liner (Fig. 3c). In this position the closure is in a locked and sealing position on the neck portion 18 of the container 11. The closure 10 is removed by urging the closure axially downwardly to bring the lugs 16 out of the corresponding indents 32 and the closure is turned in a counterclockwise direction so that the lugs are brought back into alignment with the channels 24 so that the closure can be removed.
The closure 10 operates in the safety lock mode utilizing the embodiments of the bayonet lugs 22 illustrated in Fig. 2b in the same manner as described above for the embodiment of Fig. 2a.
The use of the closure in the twist-on mode is best illustrated in Fig. 4 wherein the lugs 16 are placed in alignment with the corresponding channels 24 on the neck portion 18 of the container 11. The closure 10 is then pressed downward slightly and twisted in a counterclockwise direction until each of the lugs 16 are disposed beneath the trailing end member of the corresponding bayonet lug 22.
In the embodiment of the bayonet lug 22, illustrated in Fig. 2b, the leading end member 28 is extended beyond the enlarged area 30 so that the closure 10 can be operated in the twist-on mode by turning it in a clockwise direction so as to bring a lug 16 of the closure under the leading end 28 of a corresponding bayonet lug.
As illustrated in Fig. 5, the closure 10 operates in the snap-on mode by aligning the lugs 16 directly over the trailing end member 34 of the corresponding bayonet lugs 22 illustrated in Fig. 2a. Responsive to the downward urging of the closure 10, the lugs 16 are forced over the respective trailing end members 34 and snap into a locked position below the respective trailing end members. In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 2b, the closure 10 is operated in the snap-on mode by aligning the lugs 16 over the extended portion of the leading end member 28.
Various embodiments and modifications of the invention have been described in the foregoing description and illustrated in the drawings. It will be understood, that minor changes may be made in the details of construction as well as in the combination and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A container (11) having a neck portion (18) and an opening (20) , a closure (10) for the container having a top wall (12) for sealing the opening of the neck portion of the container and a cylindrical skirt portion (14) adapted to receive the neck portion of the container, resilient means (15) carried on the inner surface of the top wall to urge the closure axially upwardly when said closure is drawn down into sealing position over the opening of the neck portion of the container and cooperating locking elements (16) and (22) carried on the skirt portion of the closure respectively characterized by the locking elements (16) of the closure being lugs spaced about the periphery of the inner wall of the skirt portion (14); bayonet lugs (22) disposed about the neck portion of the container (11) , each of the bayonet lugs consisting an elongated portion (26) adjacent the rim of the opening (20) of the container (11) and extending axially on the neck portion and a leading end portion (28) extending normal to the elongated portion, the leading end portion having an enlarged area (30) spaced from the elongated portion of the bayonet lug (22) to define an indented portion (32) on the bayonet lug for receiving a lug (22) of the closure when the closure (10) is in the sealing position over the opening (20) of the neck portion (18) of the container (11) .
2. The container (11) and closure (10) of claim 1 characterized in that each bayonet lug (16) includes a trailing end portion (34) extending normally from the elongated portion (30) in a direction opposite to the leading end portion (28).
3. The container (11) and closure (10) of claim 1 characterized in that the enlarged area (30) of the lead ing end portion (28) defines a camming surface (31) against which a corresponding lug (22) on the closure rides for urging the closure axially downwardly responsive to the rotation of the closure.
4. The container (11) and closure (10) of claim 1 characterized in that the bayonet lugs (16) are spaced about the neck portion (18) of the container to define a channel between each pair of spaced-apart bayonet lugs (16).
5. The container (11) and closure (10) of claim 1 characterized in that the trailing end portion (34) of each of the bayonet lugs (16) of the container and the corresponding lugs (22) of the closure cooperate to provide a positive snap-on lock responsive to the axial downward movement of the closure when the corresponding lugs (22) of the closure are aligned with the trailing ends (34) of the bayonet lugs (16) of the container.
6. The container (11) and closure (10) of claim 1 characterized in that the leading end portion (28) of the bayonet lug of the container extends beyond the enlarged area (30) and the leading end portion cooperates with a corresponding lug (22) of the closure to provide a positive snap-on lock responsive to the axial downward movement of the closure.
PCT/US1983/001837 1982-11-22 1983-11-18 Safety closure and container WO1984002117A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84900192T ATE30892T1 (en) 1982-11-22 1983-11-18 SAFETY CAP AND CONTAINER.
DE8484900192T DE3374549D1 (en) 1982-11-22 1983-11-18 Safety closure and container
JP84500173A JPS60500169A (en) 1982-11-22 1983-11-18 container with safety lid
NO84842656A NO158214C (en) 1982-11-22 1984-06-29 MULTILASABLE WRAPPING.
DK352484A DK352484A (en) 1982-11-22 1984-07-18 SAFETY CLOSE AND CONTAINER
FI842906A FI80860C (en) 1982-11-22 1984-07-19 Containers and closures

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/443,486 US4434903A (en) 1982-11-22 1982-11-22 Safety closure and container

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1984002117A1 true WO1984002117A1 (en) 1984-06-07

Family

ID=23760969

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1983/001837 WO1984002117A1 (en) 1982-11-22 1983-11-18 Safety closure and container

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4434903A (en)
EP (1) EP0125312B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60500169A (en)
AT (1) ATE30892T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1244798A (en)
DE (1) DE3374549D1 (en)
DK (1) DK352484A (en)
FI (1) FI80860C (en)
NO (1) NO158214C (en)
WO (1) WO1984002117A1 (en)

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EP0580501A1 (en) * 1992-07-23 1994-01-26 Filtrauto Housing for liquid filters
WO1994013547A1 (en) * 1992-12-15 1994-06-23 Canyon Europe Ltd. Snap-on twist off closure for containers
CN108013509A (en) * 2016-10-31 2018-05-11 卓尔悦欧洲控股有限公司 A kind of atomizer and its electronic cigarette
EP4190714A1 (en) 2021-12-01 2023-06-07 Wirthwein Medical GmbH & Co. KG Closure system for a drug container and drug container with a closure system

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO158214B (en) 1988-04-25
DK352484D0 (en) 1984-07-18
EP0125312A1 (en) 1984-11-21
NO842656L (en) 1984-06-29
DK352484A (en) 1984-07-18
DE3374549D1 (en) 1987-12-23
FI80860C (en) 1990-08-10
FI80860B (en) 1990-04-30
ATE30892T1 (en) 1987-12-15
EP0125312B1 (en) 1987-11-19
JPS60500169A (en) 1985-02-07
CA1244798A (en) 1988-11-15
NO158214C (en) 1988-08-03
FI842906A0 (en) 1984-07-19
FI842906A (en) 1984-07-19
US4434903A (en) 1984-03-06

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