WO1984001217A1 - Method for determining the binder content in a fibrous mat - Google Patents

Method for determining the binder content in a fibrous mat Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1984001217A1
WO1984001217A1 PCT/US1982/001288 US8201288W WO8401217A1 WO 1984001217 A1 WO1984001217 A1 WO 1984001217A1 US 8201288 W US8201288 W US 8201288W WO 8401217 A1 WO8401217 A1 WO 8401217A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
binder
energy
mat
cure
amount
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1982/001288
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Paul Thomas Mcgowan
Raymond Edward Wright
Original Assignee
Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp filed Critical Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp
Priority to PCT/US1982/001288 priority Critical patent/WO1984001217A1/en
Priority to JP50304682A priority patent/JPS59501755A/en
Priority to GB08406513A priority patent/GB2149911B/en
Publication of WO1984001217A1 publication Critical patent/WO1984001217A1/en
Priority to NO84841424A priority patent/NO162889C/en
Priority to FI841538A priority patent/FI80148C/en
Priority to SE8402721A priority patent/SE8402721L/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/44—Resins; Plastics; Rubber; Leather
    • G01N33/442—Resins; Plastics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/314—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to the measuring of a binder dispersed in a mat of fibrous material, such as a mat of glass fibers. In one of its more specific aspects, this invention relates to measuring the amount of binder on the fibers. In another of its more specific aspects, this invention relates to measuring the degree or extent of cure of the binder material on the fibers.
  • a preferred binder is an organic binder, such as a phenol-formaldehyde urea binder. Phenol-formaldehyde urea binders have been found to be particularly useful in the manufacture of glass fiber mats for such uses as insulation products.
  • infrared radiation which is absorbed by the binder
  • two wavelengths of infrared radiation have been used, one which is absorbed by the binder and one which is unaffected by the binder. Taking the ratio of the two gives a signal related to the binder content. For example, a first energy which is absorbed by the binder, and a reference energy, which is not absorbed by the binder, could both be directed toward the mat.
  • a simple comparison of the sensed energies transmitted through the mat and the binder would disclose the relative amount of the first energy absorbed and thereby disclose the amount of binder on the mat.
  • Such a prior art method is deficient, however, in that the amount of the energy absorbed by the binder is not only a function of the amount of binder present within the pack, but also upon the degree of cure or advancement of the organic binder toward a cured state.
  • a method for measuring binder characteristics in a mat of binder coated mineral fibers which takes into account the effect of the degree of cure on the measurement of the amount of binder in the mineral fiber pack.
  • a method for measuring binder characteristics in the mat of binder-coated glass fibers, the binder having a cure indicator constituent, the amount of which changes as the binder is cured comprising radiating the mat and the binder with first, second and third energies, where the first energy has a wavelength which is absorbed by the binder but is substantially not absorbed by the cure indicator constituent, where the second energy has a wavelength which is absorbed by the binder including the cure indicator constituent, and where the third energy has a wavelength which is substantially not absorbed by either the binder or the cure indicator constituent, and further sensing the amount of the first, second and third energy transmitted through the mat, and finally, determining the amount of binder contained in the mat from the sensed energies.
  • the binder comprises a phenolic restn in which an amine absorbs the first energy.
  • the amount of the cure indicator constituent is determined from the sensed energies.
  • the degree of cure of the binder is determined from the amount of the cure indicator constituent.
  • the binder comprises a phenolic resin
  • the cure indicator constituent comprises the hydroxyl functional group, OH.
  • I 01 intensity of the first energy
  • I 02 intensity of the second energy
  • I 03 intensity of the third energy
  • I 1 sensed intensity of the first energy
  • I 2 sensed intensity of the second energy
  • I 3 sensed intensity of the third energy
  • t thickness of the mat
  • ⁇ 1 density of the binder
  • ⁇ 2 density of the glass fibers
  • ⁇ 11 absorption cross-section of the binder and cure indicator constituent for the first energy
  • ⁇ 12 absorption cross-section of the binder and cure indicator constituent for the second energy
  • ⁇ 13 absorption cross-section of the binder and cure indicator constituent for the third energy
  • ⁇ 21 ab sorpt i on cros s- sect i on of the glass fibers for the first energy
  • ⁇ 22 absorption cross-section of the glass fibers for the second energy
  • ⁇ 23 absorption cross-section of the glass fibers for the third energy.
  • the first and second equations for ⁇ 2 are solve to determine the density of the glass fibers.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary perspective view showing apparatus for measuring binder characteristics according to the method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross section in elevation along line 2-2 of FIG. 1.
  • This invention will be described in terms of a method for measuring characteristics of a phenolic binder on a glass fiber mat, although it is to be understood that the invention can be practiced on mats of other heat softenable mineral material such as rock, slag and basalt, and in conjunction with other binders besides phenolic binders.
  • FIGURES 1 and 2 show a portion of a conveyor 1 carrying a high density mat 3. Suspended above the mat 3 over an upper mat surface 5 and under a lower mat surface 7 are a pair of parallel beams 9 and 11. Each beam 9 and 11 supports a traveling member shown as 13 for beam 9 and 15 for beam 11.
  • the traveling members 13 and 15 are arranged opposite each other, and are separated by the fibrous mat 3 and the air gaps, which are between the surface 5 of the mat and the member 13 and between surface 7 of the mat and the member 15.
  • the two traveling members 13 and 15 are arranged to travel in unison so that the traveling member 15 is in vertical alignment with the traveling member 13 at all times.
  • the traveling members 13 and 15 contain the respective transmitters and receivers for the energy sources at frequencies chosen.
  • Unit 13 may contain an infrared source capable of producing a signal of suitable intensity for the first and second energies and an x-ray or gamma-ray source of suitable intensity for the third energy.
  • Unit 15 may contain such infrared detectors as an indium arsenide photo diode and an x-ray detector, such as an ionization chamber. Any suitable mechanical arrangement may be utilized which maintains the relative alignment of the transmitter 13 with the receiver 15 as they travel on the beams 9 and 11. For example, as shown in the drawings, the units 13 and 15 may travel on beams 9 and 11 with the beams stationary. Alternatively, the transmitter 13 and the receiver 15 may be permanently mounted on the beams 9 and 11, respectively, and the post 17 may travel transverse to the direction of the movement of the mat 3.
  • a control unit 16 is provided for connection to the traversing transmitter unit 13 and receiver unit 15. Busses 16a and 16b can provide control signals to the traversing units 13 and 15 to direct their scanning movement and to return position signals to unit 16.
  • a bus 16c provides the control unit 16 with the detected signals of radiant energy after passing through the material having thickness t.
  • the control unit 16, such as a general purpose computer, may be any device capable of controlling the scanning process and then analyzing the resultant measuring signals.
  • a detector unit such as electro-mechanical sensor unit 18, is provided for measuring thickness t.
  • This unit may be any suitable device such as a mechanical sensor or an ultrasonic sensor or a light sensor.
  • the sensor unit is illustrated mounted on a support 22 and supporting a foil coated membrane 20 with the membrane lower area 24 resting on the upper surface 5 of the mat 3.
  • the membrane 20 is free to move under the force of the mat sliding underneath it.
  • a pulsed sonic or microwave signal from transmitter 26 is directed at the portion 24 of the membrane 20 in contact with the mat to obtain a reflected wave which indicates the displacement of the membrane and the thickness of the mat.
  • a cable 16d connects the detector 26 with the control unit 16 to provide the control unit 16 with a signal indicative of the mat thickness t.
  • the control unit 16 processes the signals indicative of radiating and transmitted energy for each of the three energies I 01 , I 02 and I 03 and the signal indicative of the thickness t, according to the method of analysis described above in the Disclosure Of Invention.
  • the transmitter transmits three energies through the insulation material to the receiver. A portion of the first, second and third energies is absorbed by the insulation material, and the energy levels of the three energies are sensed by the transmitter. Subsequently, the amount of binder contained in the mat is obtained using the two equations disclosed above in the Disclosure Of Invention.
  • This invention will be found to be useful in the manufacture of packs of mineral fibers for such uses as glass fiber thermal insulation products and glass fiber acoustical insulation products.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)

Abstract

A method for measuring binder characteristics in a mat (3) of binder-coated glass fibers, where the binder has a cure indicator constituent, the amount of which changes as the binder is cured, the method comprising radiating the mat (3) and the binder with three energies which are absorbed or not absorbed at various rates by the binder and the cure indicator constituent, and further sensing the amount of the three energies transmitted through the mat, and finally determining the amount of binder and/or the degree of cure of the binder.

Description

D E S C R I P T I O N
METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE BINDER CONTENT IN A FIBROUS MAT
TECHNICAL FIELD This invention pertains to the measuring of a binder dispersed in a mat of fibrous material, such as a mat of glass fibers. In one of its more specific aspects, this invention relates to measuring the amount of binder on the fibers. In another of its more specific aspects, this invention relates to measuring the degree or extent of cure of the binder material on the fibers.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A common practice in manufacturing products containing fibrous material, such as manufacturing mats or packs of mineral material, is to apply a binder material to the fibers, thereby connecting the fibers with each other and giving structure and resiliency to the product. In the manufacture of mats of mineral fibers, a preferred binder is an organic binder, such as a phenol-formaldehyde urea binder. Phenol-formaldehyde urea binders have been found to be particularly useful in the manufacture of glass fiber mats for such uses as insulation products.
In the manufacture of mineral fiber mats having a binder thereon, it is usually necessary to subject the mat and binder to a curing oven to advance the binder to a cured or set state. One of the problems associated with passing mineral fiber mats through curing ovens is that there is a certain lack of control over the process, i.e., the product is often either undercured or overcured. Attempts have been made to measure, during the production process, the amount of binder on the mats and the extent to which the binder has been cured, but previous attempts were not sufficiently accurate for process control purposes.
A previous method for measuring characteristics of a mat of fibers included radiating the mat with electromagnetic radiation having different wavelengths with each wavelength being absorbed (or not absorbed) by various components of the mat and binder. By choosing infrared radiation which is absorbed by the binder, and measuring the transmission of the radiation through the pack, an indication of the amount of binder present is obtained. In practice, two wavelengths of infrared radiation have been used, one which is absorbed by the binder and one which is unaffected by the binder. Taking the ratio of the two gives a signal related to the binder content. For example, a first energy which is absorbed by the binder, and a reference energy, which is not absorbed by the binder, could both be directed toward the mat. A simple comparison of the sensed energies transmitted through the mat and the binder would disclose the relative amount of the first energy absorbed and thereby disclose the amount of binder on the mat. Such a prior art method is deficient, however, in that the amount of the energy absorbed by the binder is not only a function of the amount of binder present within the pack, but also upon the degree of cure or advancement of the organic binder toward a cured state. Thus, there is a need for a method for measuring binder characteristics in a mat of binder coated mineral fibers which takes into account the effect of the degree of cure on the measurement of the amount of binder in the mineral fiber pack.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION According to this invention there is provided a method for measuring binder characteristics in the mat of binder-coated glass fibers, the binder having a cure indicator constituent, the amount of which changes as the binder is cured, comprising radiating the mat and the binder with first, second and third energies, where the first energy has a wavelength which is absorbed by the binder but is substantially not absorbed by the cure indicator constituent, where the second energy has a wavelength which is absorbed by the binder including the cure indicator constituent, and where the third energy has a wavelength which is substantially not absorbed by either the binder or the cure indicator constituent, and further sensing the amount of the first, second and third energy transmitted through the mat, and finally, determining the amount of binder contained in the mat from the sensed energies.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the binder comprises a phenolic restn in which an amine absorbs the first energy. In another specific embodiment of the invention, the amount of the cure indicator constituent is determined from the sensed energies.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention the degree of cure of the binder is determined from the amount of the cure indicator constituent.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the binder comprises a phenolic resin, and the cure indicator constituent comprises the hydroxyl functional group, OH.
In the most preferred embodiment of the invention the determining step comprises solving first and second equations for ρ1 where the first equation is defined as (1/t) In [(I2I01)/(I02l1)] = ρ1 (μ11 - μ12) + ρ2 (μ21 -μ22) and the second equation is defined as (1/t) In (I03/I3) = ρ1 μ13 - ρ2 μ23 where
I01 : intensity of the first energy; I02 : intensity of the second energy; I03 : intensity of the third energy; I1: sensed intensity of the first energy; I2 : sensed intensity of the second energy;
I3: sensed intensity of the third energy; t: thickness of the mat; ρ1: density of the binder; ρ2 : density of the glass fibers; μ11 : absorption cross-section of the binder and cure indicator constituent for the first energy; μ12 : absorption cross-section of the binder and cure indicator constituent for the second energy; μ13 : absorption cross-section of the binder and cure indicator constituent for the third energy; μ21 : ab sorpt i on cros s- sect i on of the glass fibers for the first energy; μ22 : absorption cross-section of the glass fibers for the second energy; and μ23 : absorption cross-section of the glass fibers for the third energy.
In another high-preferred embodiment of the invention, the first and second equations for ρ2 are solve to determine the density of the glass fibers.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary perspective view showing apparatus for measuring binder characteristics according to the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross section in elevation along line 2-2 of FIG. 1.
BEST MODE OF CARRYING OUT INVENTION
This invention will be described in terms of a method for measuring characteristics of a phenolic binder on a glass fiber mat, although it is to be understood that the invention can be practiced on mats of other heat softenable mineral material such as rock, slag and basalt, and in conjunction with other binders besides phenolic binders.
FIGURES 1 and 2 show a portion of a conveyor 1 carrying a high density mat 3. Suspended above the mat 3 over an upper mat surface 5 and under a lower mat surface 7 are a pair of parallel beams 9 and 11. Each beam 9 and 11 supports a traveling member shown as 13 for beam 9 and 15 for beam 11. The traveling members 13 and 15 are arranged opposite each other, and are separated by the fibrous mat 3 and the air gaps, which are between the surface 5 of the mat and the member 13 and between surface 7 of the mat and the member 15. The two traveling members 13 and 15 are arranged to travel in unison so that the traveling member 15 is in vertical alignment with the traveling member 13 at all times. The traveling members 13 and 15 contain the respective transmitters and receivers for the energy sources at frequencies chosen. Unit 13 may contain an infrared source capable of producing a signal of suitable intensity for the first and second energies and an x-ray or gamma-ray source of suitable intensity for the third energy. Unit 15 may contain such infrared detectors as an indium arsenide photo diode and an x-ray detector, such as an ionization chamber. Any suitable mechanical arrangement may be utilized which maintains the relative alignment of the transmitter 13 with the receiver 15 as they travel on the beams 9 and 11. For example, as shown in the drawings, the units 13 and 15 may travel on beams 9 and 11 with the beams stationary. Alternatively, the transmitter 13 and the receiver 15 may be permanently mounted on the beams 9 and 11, respectively, and the post 17 may travel transverse to the direction of the movement of the mat 3.
A control unit 16 is provided for connection to the traversing transmitter unit 13 and receiver unit 15. Busses 16a and 16b can provide control signals to the traversing units 13 and 15 to direct their scanning movement and to return position signals to unit 16. A bus 16c provides the control unit 16 with the detected signals of radiant energy after passing through the material having thickness t. The control unit 16, such as a general purpose computer, may be any device capable of controlling the scanning process and then analyzing the resultant measuring signals.
A detector unit, such as electro-mechanical sensor unit 18, is provided for measuring thickness t. This unit may be any suitable device such as a mechanical sensor or an ultrasonic sensor or a light sensor. The sensor unit is illustrated mounted on a support 22 and supporting a foil coated membrane 20 with the membrane lower area 24 resting on the upper surface 5 of the mat 3. The membrane 20 is free to move under the force of the mat sliding underneath it. A pulsed sonic or microwave signal from transmitter 26 is directed at the portion 24 of the membrane 20 in contact with the mat to obtain a reflected wave which indicates the displacement of the membrane and the thickness of the mat. A cable 16d connects the detector 26 with the control unit 16 to provide the control unit 16 with a signal indicative of the mat thickness t. The control unit 16 processes the signals indicative of radiating and transmitted energy for each of the three energies I01, I02 and I03 and the signal indicative of the thickness t, according to the method of analysis described above in the Disclosure Of Invention.
The transmitter transmits three energies through the insulation material to the receiver. A portion of the first, second and third energies is absorbed by the insulation material, and the energy levels of the three energies are sensed by the transmitter. Subsequently, the amount of binder contained in the mat is obtained using the two equations disclosed above in the Disclosure Of Invention.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
This invention will be found to be useful in the manufacture of packs of mineral fibers for such uses as glass fiber thermal insulation products and glass fiber acoustical insulation products.

Claims

C L A I M S 1. A method for measuring binder characteristics in a mat of binder-coated glass fibers, said binder having a cure indicator constituent, the amount of which changes as said binder is cured, comprising radiating said mat and said binder with first, second and third energies, said first energy having a wavelength which is absorbed by said binder, but is substantially not absorbed by said cure indicator constituent, said second energy having a wavelength which is absorbed by said binder including said cure indicator constituent, and said third energy having a wavelength which is substantially not absorbed by either said binder or said cure indicator constituent; sensing the amount of said first, second and third energies transmitted through said mat; and, determining the amount of binder contained in said mat from the sensed energies.
2. The method of claim 1 in which said binder comprises a phenolic resin in which an amine absorbs said first energy.
3. The method of claim 1 comprising the further step of determining the amount of said cure indicator constituent in said binder from the sensed energies.
4. The method of claim 3 comprising determining the degree of cure of said binder from the amount of said cure indicator constituent.
5. The method of claims 3 or 4 in which said binder comprises a phenolic resin, and said cure indicator constituent comprises the hydroxyl functional group, OH.
6. The method of claims 1 or 3 in which each determining step comprises solving first and second equation for ρ1 where said first equation is defined as (1/t) In [(I2I01)/(I02I1)] = p1 (μ11 - μ12) + ρ2 (u21 - u22 and said second equation is defined as (1/t) In (I03/I3) = ρ1 μ13 - p2 μ23 where I01 : intensity of said first energy; I02 : intensity of said second energy; I03 : intensity of said third energy; I1 : sensed intensity of said first energy; I2 : sensed intensity of said second energy; I3 : sensed intensity of said third energy; t : thickness of said mat; ρ 1 : density of said binder; ρ 2 : density of said glass fibers; μ11 : absorption cross-section of the binder and cure indicator constituent for said first energy; μ12 : absorption cross-section of the binder and cure indicator constituent for said second energy; μ13 : absorption cross-section of the binder and cure indicator constituent for said third energy; μ21 : absorption cross-section of said glass fibers for said first energy; μ22 : absorption cross-section of said glass fibers for said second energy; and μ23 : absorption cross-section of said glass fibers for said third energy.
7. The method of claim 6 comprising solving said first and second equations for ρ2 to determine the density of the glass fibers.
PCT/US1982/001288 1982-09-20 1982-09-20 Method for determining the binder content in a fibrous mat WO1984001217A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1982/001288 WO1984001217A1 (en) 1982-09-20 1982-09-20 Method for determining the binder content in a fibrous mat
JP50304682A JPS59501755A (en) 1982-09-20 1982-09-20 Method for determining binder content in fibrous pine
GB08406513A GB2149911B (en) 1982-09-20 1982-09-20 Method for determining the binder content in a fibrous mat
NO84841424A NO162889C (en) 1982-09-20 1984-04-10 PROCEDURE FOR MONITORING BINDING CHARACTERISTICS IN A FIBER MAT.
FI841538A FI80148C (en) 1982-09-20 1984-04-17 FOERFARANDE FOER MAETNING AV BINDEMEDELSINNEHAOLLET I EN FIBROES MATTA.
SE8402721A SE8402721L (en) 1982-09-20 1984-05-21 SET FOR DETERMINATION OF THE BINDING CONTENT IN A FIBER MAT

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1982/001288 WO1984001217A1 (en) 1982-09-20 1982-09-20 Method for determining the binder content in a fibrous mat

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1984001217A1 true WO1984001217A1 (en) 1984-03-29

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ID=22168208

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1982/001288 WO1984001217A1 (en) 1982-09-20 1982-09-20 Method for determining the binder content in a fibrous mat

Country Status (6)

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JP (1) JPS59501755A (en)
FI (1) FI80148C (en)
GB (1) GB2149911B (en)
NO (1) NO162889C (en)
SE (1) SE8402721L (en)
WO (1) WO1984001217A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0164291A2 (en) * 1984-06-01 1985-12-11 Measurex Corporation System and process for measuring fiberglass

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3405268A (en) * 1965-03-12 1968-10-08 Brun Sensor Systems Inc Radiant energy absorption gage for measuring the weight of a base material and the content of a material sorbed by the base material
US3560179A (en) * 1968-07-09 1971-02-02 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Rotary apparatus with fluid blast means for making glass fibers from heat-softenable mineral materials
US3851175A (en) * 1972-10-27 1974-11-26 Measurex Corp Moisture gauge with opacity type compensation
US3877818A (en) * 1974-01-28 1975-04-15 Us Agriculture Photo-optical method for determining fat content in meat
US4006358A (en) * 1975-06-12 1977-02-01 Measurex Corporation Method and apparatus for measuring the amount of moisture that is associated with a web of moving material
US4097743A (en) * 1977-04-19 1978-06-27 Moisture Systems Corp. Moisture analyzing method and apparatus

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS605996B2 (en) * 1975-01-20 1985-02-15 株式会社東芝 Paper-like object identification device
JPS554253A (en) * 1978-06-26 1980-01-12 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Shipment and landing method of heavy body

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3405268A (en) * 1965-03-12 1968-10-08 Brun Sensor Systems Inc Radiant energy absorption gage for measuring the weight of a base material and the content of a material sorbed by the base material
US3560179A (en) * 1968-07-09 1971-02-02 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Rotary apparatus with fluid blast means for making glass fibers from heat-softenable mineral materials
US3851175A (en) * 1972-10-27 1974-11-26 Measurex Corp Moisture gauge with opacity type compensation
US3877818A (en) * 1974-01-28 1975-04-15 Us Agriculture Photo-optical method for determining fat content in meat
US4006358A (en) * 1975-06-12 1977-02-01 Measurex Corporation Method and apparatus for measuring the amount of moisture that is associated with a web of moving material
US4097743A (en) * 1977-04-19 1978-06-27 Moisture Systems Corp. Moisture analyzing method and apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0164291A2 (en) * 1984-06-01 1985-12-11 Measurex Corporation System and process for measuring fiberglass
EP0164291A3 (en) * 1984-06-01 1987-07-08 Measurex Corporation System and process for measuring fiberglass

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8402721D0 (en) 1984-05-21
JPH0554052B2 (en) 1993-08-11
GB2149911B (en) 1986-04-09
FI841538A0 (en) 1984-04-17
GB2149911A (en) 1985-06-19
SE8402721L (en) 1984-05-21
NO162889C (en) 1990-02-28
NO841424L (en) 1984-04-10
FI80148C (en) 1990-04-10
JPS59501755A (en) 1984-10-18
FI841538A (en) 1984-04-17
NO162889B (en) 1989-11-20
FI80148B (en) 1989-12-29
GB8406513D0 (en) 1984-04-18

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