Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
  • B01D21/26—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
  • B01D21/26—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force
  • B01D21/262—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force by using a centrifuge
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
  • B01D21/28—Mechanical auxiliary equipment for acceleration of sedimentation, e.g. by vibrators or the like
  • B01D21/283—Settling tanks provided with vibrators
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
  • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
  • B04B5/10—Centrifuges combined with other apparatus, e.g. electrostatic separators; Sets or systems of several centrifuges
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
  • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
  • B04B5/12—Centrifuges in which rotors other than bowls generate centrifugal effects in stationary containers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F1/34—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations
  • C02F1/36—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations ultrasonic vibrations

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for separating the constituents of a liquid mixture, in particular with a view to solving numerous problems of clarification, concentration and industrial pollution.
• the invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out this process.
• the invention provides an extremely high degree of separation in a heterogeneous liquid mixture. According to the invention, this result is obtained by the surprising effects of the combination of a centrifugation action and an ultrasound treatment.
• the invention therefore relates to a process for separating the constituents of a relatively liquid mixture, characterized in that it consists in simultaneously subjecting said mixture to the action of a centiflégation and to the action of a wave. ultrasonic to recover a clarified liquid substantially in the center of the centrifuge field and / or a relatively pasty product outside of it.
• the invention also relates to any separation device for a relatively liquid mixture of the type comprising a tank into which said mixture is introduced and a clarified liquid outlet, characterized in that it comprises, in combination, a means of centrifuging said mixture and an emitter of ultrasound.
• Centrifugation prevents any emulsion; the ultrasonic treatment therefore resumes in a liquid medium at least the efficiency which it was known for cleaning mechanical structures.
• the centrifugation speed can be kept within a reasonable range.
• machines rotating four to five times faster than in the case of the invention should be designed.
• the consumption of additional energy to power the ultrasonic generator is unrelated to that which would be required to drive a centrifuge designed to operate at such speeds.
• the investment difference between the high speed centrifuge formula and the solution according to the invention is also considerable, in favor of the latter.
• a high speed centrifuge indeed requires special bearings and bearings and, in general, a reinforced mechanical infrastructure.
• FIG. 2 is a section along II-II of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3 is an elevational side view in section of a second embodiment of one invention.
• FIG. 4 is a section along lines 1I-II of Figure 3.
• the device separated teur comprises a tank 11 integral with a fixed frame 12, an inlet pipe 13 for the mixture to be treated which opens into the tank at the top thereof, an outlet for clarified liquid 14, extended by a pipe d discharge 15 and a relatively pasty product outlet 16 arranged at the bottom of the tank 11.
• the orifice 13a of the conduit 13 which opens into the tank will be called the inlet for the mixture to be treated.
• the tank 11 contains a centrifugation means 17 and an ultrasound emitter 18. They are arranged on an evacuation path towards the outlet 14.
• the centrifugation means has the form of a thick disc axially integral with a drive shaft 20 kept mobile in rotation by two rolling bearings 21 and 22 axially aligned and fixed relative to the tank 11.
• a part 20a of this shaft is hollow to form a conduit for discharging the clarified liquid, from the center of the disc forming the centrifugation means 17 up to the outlet 14.
• This disc has several radial recesses 23 opening into the tank and communicating internally with a central cavity 24.
• the hollow part 20a, forming a conduit, of the shaft 20 surmounts the centrifugation means and opens into this cavity 24.
• the latter houses the ultrasonic transmitter 18, which is held in position by a pole 25 which axially passes through said hollow part 20a and q ui contains the electrical wires supplying the transmitter.
• the shaft 20 is rotated by a motor (not shown) via a pulley 26-belt system 27.
• a deflector 28, in the form of a shield, is arranged horizontally between the centrifugation means and the inlet. 13a for mixing. It defines, with a curved internal guide wall 29, of the tank 11, a flow path for the mixture towards the radial recesses 23.
• the mixture to be treated is injected under pressure through the inlet 13a by means of a pump 30 delivering into the conduit 13.
• the outlet 16 of relatively pasty product opens into an extractor device 31 with Archimedes screw, actuated on command by an electric motor 32.
• a maneuverable closure means 33 (movable valve, adjustable restriction, etc.) is placed at a point on the evacuation path of said pasty product. In the example shown, this means is placed at the outlet of the extractor device 31. It makes it possible to maintain a certain pressure inside the tank, in particular to allow it to be filled at the start of operation.
• the operation is as follows.
• the mixture to be treated is injected under slight pressure into the tank 11, by the action of the pump 30, until sufficient filling of the tank.
• the centrifugation means 17 is then rotated and the ultrasonic transmitter 18 is supplied.
• By adjusting the flow rate of the pump and the position of the shutter means 33 it is possible to cause a controlled flow of liquid through the outlet 14, since the latter can go back up through the conduit 20 by crossing the radial conduits 23 and the central cavity 24 in which it is subjected simultaneously to centrifugal force and to the action of ultrasound.
• FIG. 3 represents another embodiment of the device, the structure of which makes it possible to significantly increase the performance of the device both with regard to the flow rate and with regard to the quality of treatment, without significantly increasing its bulk.
• the apparatus shown comprises a substantially cylindrical tank 111 defined by a bottom forming support 112a, resting on the ground by suitable feet, a cylindrical side wall 112b and a flat cover 112c Inside the tank 111, axially aligned with it, is arranged a centrifuge means 117 with axial symmetry, constituted by a body provided with frustoconical fins 117a.
• a cylindrical interior cavity 124 extends coaxially by means of centrifugation 117, and a plurality of horizontal radial channels 117b extending between said cavity 124 and the tank 111, arranged in stars with six regular branches superimposed on each other in the body 117 of the centrifugation means, the ends on the tank side of the channels 117b opening at the outer radial ends of said fins.
• fins are provided as stars with six conduits, and these are seven in number in the present example.
• the body 117 of the centrifugation means are further provided six cylindrical conduits 113a extending substantially over its entire axial length and distributed evenly at the periphery of the recessed edges of the fins.
• the conduits 113a communicate via channels 113c with the radial channels 117b and distribute the product to be treated to the different stages of the device.
• the six vertical conduits 113a communicate at their lower end with a central inlet conduit 113b, which itself communicates with a conduit 113 provided for the introduction of the mixture of heterogeneous liquid to be treated.
• the conduit 113 is connected to the outlet of a pump (not shown).
• the inner cylindrical cavity 124 is connected at its upper end to a coaxial outlet conduit 114, which itself communicates with a conduit 115 provided for the outlet of the clarified liquid.
• an outlet orifice 116 for the pasty product.
• the outlet orifice 116 can, like the outlet orifice 16 (fig. 1) lead to extraction means with an Archimedes screw, and to operable shutter means.
• the lower 113b and upper 114 ducts respectively define bearing shafts 120a, 120b of the centrifuge means 117, which are rotatably mounted in associated coaxial roller bearings, respectively 122, 121.
• the centrifuge means 117 is driven in rotation suitably around its axis by a pulley 126 and a belt 127, itself driven by an electric motor 128 fixed to the part of the lower support of the assembly 112a by a suitable frame or frame.
• an ultrasonic transmitter 118 in the form of a bar.
• the heterogeneous liquid to be treated is introduced under an appropriate pressure into the tank 111, by means of the pump mentioned above.
• the seven-stage centrifugation means 117 is rotated, and the ultrasonic transmitter 118 is powered.
• the fluid rises through the conduits 113a and through the passages 113c it enters the body 117 where it is subjected to the combined action of centrifugation and ultrasound, which makes it possible to obtain a separation of high quality with a reasonable rotation speed.
• the clarified liquid enters the cavity 124 through the channels 117b and its inherent pressure causes it to rise to the outlet conduit 114 from which it passes into the conduit 115.
• the pasty product obtained accumulates in the lower part of the tank 111, from which it is extracted at the outlet 116.
• the apparatus according to the present invention makes it possible in particular to solve the following industrial problems:
• Another interesting application relates to treatments using flocculants. Thanks to the apparatus of FIG. 1, the action of the flocculents is considerably accelerated and increased, thus allowing a substantial reduction in the quantities of flocculants required. To use the device with flocculent injection, it is necessary to complete the installation with a flocculants 35 and a circuit comprising a small pump 36 and an injection pipe 37 opening into the pipe 13.
• the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 comprises a centrifugation means including several individual superimposed centrifugation units, formed of one piece or of a plurality of individual centrifugation units, making it possible to increase the flow rate of the apparatus in significant proportions and improve the quality of the treatment, without however significantly increasing its size. It can be used industrially in all the applications intended for this kind of device.
• magnetic means such as permanent magnets or electromagnets (130 Fig. 3 and 4) can be added to the centrifugation means associated with the ultra-thin transmitter, for example located on the periphery of the cylindrical longitudinal wall of the tank, the magnetic field generated by these magnets having the effect of determining an internal tension of the product, from which results, under the effect of ultrasound, the separation of the constituents.
• microwave generating means arranged at the periphery of the tank. to determine an overheating of the liquid to be treated, so as to determine, as a result of the increase in the density difference of the constituents which it causes, the required separation of the latter.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
• Physical Water Treatments (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=26222860

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (5)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 1983
  • 1983-04-14 JP JP58501236A patent/JPS59500704A/ja active Granted
  • 1983-04-14 DE DE3340213T patent/DE3340213C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1983-04-14 WO PCT/FR1983/000069 patent/WO1983003596A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1983-04-14 NL NL8320104A patent/NL8320104A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1983-12-14 SE SE8306892A patent/SE8306892L/xx not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (3)

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