WO1982004232A1 - Dispositif d'actionnement sensible au liquide pour des dispositifs sensibles au deplacement - Google Patents

Dispositif d'actionnement sensible au liquide pour des dispositifs sensibles au deplacement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1982004232A1
WO1982004232A1 PCT/US1982/000731 US8200731W WO8204232A1 WO 1982004232 A1 WO1982004232 A1 WO 1982004232A1 US 8200731 W US8200731 W US 8200731W WO 8204232 A1 WO8204232 A1 WO 8204232A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
housing
liquid
trigger member
sensing means
displacement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1982/000731
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Steven A Becnel
Original Assignee
Steven A Becnel
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Steven A Becnel filed Critical Steven A Becnel
Publication of WO1982004232A1 publication Critical patent/WO1982004232A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K13/00—Other constructional types of cut-off apparatus; Arrangements for cutting-off
    • F16K13/04—Other constructional types of cut-off apparatus; Arrangements for cutting-off with a breakable closure member
    • F16K13/06—Other constructional types of cut-off apparatus; Arrangements for cutting-off with a breakable closure member constructed to be ruptured by an explosion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J7/00—Apparatus for generating gases
    • B01J7/02—Apparatus for generating gases by wet methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C9/00—Life-saving in water
    • B63C9/24—Arrangements of inflating valves or of controls thereof

Definitions

  • the invention also encompasses a liquid-activated device including an electrically responsive element to be electrically energized and switch means operatively connected to the element.
  • the switch means has a first non-energizing state, a second energizing state and a displaceable trigger member for changing the state of the switch from the first to the second state when the trigger member is displaced.
  • the device includes a liquid-sensitive actuator for causing displacement of the trigger member upon immersion of the actuator in a liquid.
  • the actuator comprises a housing, inlet means for admitting liquid into the housing when the housing is immersed in the liquid, and sensing means within the housing operatively coupled to the trigger member. The sensing means is expandable upon contact with the liquid to displace the trigger member and energize the electrically responsive element.
  • the invention also includes a liquid-activated device for discharging fluid from a container, the device having discharge means, including a displaceable trigger member, for discharging fluid from the container when the trigger member is displaced.
  • the Device includes a liquid sensitive actuator for causing displacement of the trigger member upon immersion of the actuator in a liquid, substantially as set forth above.
  • the invention also includes a liquid-activated inflator for mating a gas cartridge having a sealing diaphragm to an inflatable cell.
  • the inflator has piercing means, including a displaceable trigger member, for piercing the sealing diaphragm and venting gas from the cartridge when the trigger member is displaced, and a conduit for directing vented gas to the inflatable cell.
  • the inflator includes a liquid-sensitive actuator for causing displacement of the trigger member upon immersion of the actuator in the liquid, substantially as set forth above.
  • the invention also includes a flotation device having an inflatable flotation cell and a liquid-activated inflator in fluid communication with the cell for delivering gas to the cell from a gas cartridge having a sealing diaphragm.
  • the inflator has piercing means, including a displaceable trigger member, for piercing the sealing diaphragm and venting gas from the cartridge to the cell when the trigger member is displaced.
  • the flotation device includes a liquid-sensitive actuator for causing displacement of the trigger member upon immersion of the actuator in a liquid, substantially as set forth above.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevational view, partly in section, of an inflator coupled to a flotation device incorporating one form of actuator according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of the same
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view of the same taken along line 3-3 of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is .an exploded view of a portion of the inflator of Figures 1, 2 and 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating the electrical operation of detonator-type devices incorporating the actuator of the invention
  • Figure 6 is a sectional view of a modified form of inflator utilizing a remotely mounted actuator to trigger several inflators of this type;
  • Figure 7 is a sectional view of the same taken along line 7-7 of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a sectional view of a modified form of actuator according to the invention, used to actuate a number of remotely mounted detonator-type inflators;
  • Figure 9 is a sectional view thereof taken along line 9-9 of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a sectional view of another form of inflator according to the invention.
  • Figure 11 is a sectional view thereof taken along line 11-11 of Figure 10;
  • Figure 12 is a sectional view of yet another form of actuator according to the invention.
  • Figure 13 is a sectional view thereof taken along line 13-13 of
  • Figure 14 is a sectional .view of still another form, of inflator according to the invention.
  • the liquid-sensitive actuator according to the invention is described as being used in connection with a life vest type of flotation device inflatable by gas from a CO 2 cartridge. It is to be understood, however, that the actuator is capable of being used to deploy other types of flotation devices such as rafts or buoys, to cause inflation of other devices, to actuate electrical circuitry and/or mechanical mechanisms, and in general to produce any type of desired response upon immersion of the actuator in a liquid.
  • FIGs 1, 2, 3 and 4 illustrate one form of inflator for a life vest incorporating the actuator of the invention.
  • the inflator comprises a body 102 machined from aluminum or other suitably durable material. Aluminum is preferred for lightness, but materials such as brass or steel also are suitable. Body 102 could even be fabricated of high-impact plastic.
  • the right-hand end of body 102 has a cavity 104 in which a rocker arm 106 is pi vo tally mounted about a pin 108. Pin 108 is supported in holes 110 in the sides of body 102. Spacers 112 (Fig. 4) on pin 108 flank rocker arm 106 to center it on pin 108.
  • rocker arm 106 The top portion of rocker arm 106 is provided with an enlarged pad 114 which faces to the left, while the lower portion of rocker arm 106 is provided with an enlarged pad 116 facing to the right.
  • the right-hand end of cavity 104 is closed by a slotted plate 118 which is ret ⁇ ned in position by four cap screws 120 received in threaded bores 122 in body 102.
  • Upper pad 114 faces the end of an upper detonator bore 124 in body 102.
  • the left-hand end of bore 124 has an enlarged, threaded portion 126.
  • a detonator assembly 128 is threadably received within bore 124.
  • a sealing gasket 158 is disposed between detonator assembly 128 and the shoulder of bore 124.
  • Detonator assembly 128 comprises an externally threaded sleeve 130 having an internal bore 132 in which a piston 134 is slidable.
  • Piston 134 has an annular groove 136 in which an O-ring seal 138 is retained.
  • Piston 134 also has a central bore 140 which opens to the left-hand end of the piston and also to its periphery near its right-hand end to form an exhaust port 142, the function of which is described below.
  • a detonator 144 is installed at the left-hand end of bore 132.
  • Detonator 144 comprises an electrical resistance element 146 connected between electrodes 148. Electrodes 148 are connected to electrical leads 150, 152, which emerge through an opening 154 in the left-hand end of sleeve 130.
  • Resistance element 146 is surrounded by a charge of ignitible, explosive material 156, such as gunpowder.
  • Detonator 144 may conveniently be, for example, a 1.5 volt, 15 milliampere light bulb with the glass envelope removed.
  • a lower bore 160 is formed in body 102.
  • the left end of bore 160 h-as an enlarged threaded portion 162 adapted to receive a pressurized gas cylinder G, such as a CO Form cartridge.
  • a sealing gasket 164 is disposed between cartridge G and a shoulder in bore 160.
  • Cartridge G has a spaceturable sealing diaphragm 166 through which gas is dispensed when punctured.
  • Cartridge G is retained in position by a set screw 168 threadably received in body 102.
  • Cartridge piercing means comprising a piercing pin 170 is slidable within bore 160. Pin 170 has an annular groove 172 in which an O-ring 174 is retained.
  • Pin 170 also has a return spring 176 which engages a shoulder 178 on pin 170 to forcibly eject pin 170 from sealing diaphragm 166, once it is punctured, and permit gas to escape from cartridge G.
  • Gas emerging from catridge G is delivered to inflatable cell C through an internal bore 180 in body 102, which communicates with the interior of a hollow threaded nipple 182.
  • Nipple 182 is bolted (183) or otherwise sealingly secured to cell C so as to communicate with the interior of the cell.
  • Body 102 has a hole 190 which is adapted to receive nipple 182.
  • the inflator is retained in position on nipple 182 by a cap nut 184 positioned in a recess 186 in the face of body 102.
  • a sealing gasket 188 prevents the escape of gas between body 102 and cap 184, while a gasket 189 prevents the escape of gas between nipple 182 and nut 182.
  • a conventional one-way valve such as a tire stem valve (not shown) may be retained in the interior of nipple 182 to prevent the escape of gas from cell C once it has been inflated.
  • One side of nipple 182 has a flat surface which is adapted to key with a mating flat surface of hole 190 in order to properly orient the inflator.
  • a mechanism is provided for manual puncturing of sealing diaphragm 166 in the unlikely event that automatic actuation does not occur, or for the purpose of inflating cell C prior to entering a body of water.
  • the device comprises an L-shaped lever 192 which is pivoted about a pin 194 retained in holes 196 in the sides of body 102. Spacers 198 flank lever 192 to center it on pin 194.
  • the end of lever 192 within cavity 104 is adapted to bear against pad 116 of rocker arm 106 when the opposite end of lever 192, which is exterior to body 102, is rotated by a pull on cord 197.
  • Lever 192 is retained in the position shown by a frangible safety wire 199 which couples lever 192 to body 102.
  • Safety wire 199 is designed to break when cord 197 is pulled firmly.
  • the left-hand end of body 102 has a cylindrical battery chamber 2 which is lined along its bottom and sides by a thin insulating material 4.
  • Battery chamber 2 is sized to receive two silver oxide batteries 6 in series, each having a rating of approximately 1.5 volts. Other types and sizes of batteries may, of course, be used, but silver oxide batteries are preferred for their small size, lightness and long shelf life.
  • An insulating cap 8 made of plastic or the like is secured to body 102 by screws 10.
  • the interior of cap 8 is provided with a conductive terminal 11 which is connected through a hole in cap 8 to electrical lead 152.
  • the opposite terminal within battery chamber 2 comprises a conductive strip 14 at the bottom of chamber 2 which extends through the wall of body 102 and is secured to connecting post 16.
  • the liquid-sensitive actuator for this inflator comprises a housing 20 made of plastic or the like which is secured at one side to body 102 by screws 22 extending through apertures in tabs 24. The opposite side of housing 20 is secured to body 102 by engagement of a set screw 26 with terminal post 16.
  • a switch chamber 28 is disposed at the lower side of the housing and includes a lower contact 30 connected to terminal post 16 and a separate upper contact 32 borne by a metallic leaf spring 34.
  • Leaf spring 34 is connected to electrical lead 150 through a terminal screw 36.
  • Leaf spring 34 serves as a displaceable trigger member which is moved by the actuator, as described below, to cause inflation of cell C.
  • a follower means which comprises a displaceable plate 38 and a coupling rod 40 attached thereto.
  • Rod 40 bears against leaf spring 34.
  • Plate 38 is retained in its initial, undisplaced position by the resiliency of spring 34.
  • a sensing means in the form of an expandable member, such as a dried, compressed natural sponge 42 is disposed between plate 38 and the upper wall 44 of housing 20.
  • Wall 44 is provided with apertures 46 through which liquid can enter housing 20 when immersed in a liquid. Additional apertures (not shown) are provided in the front wall of housing 20.
  • piston 134 has moved to the position depicted by broken lines in Figure 2, thereby uncovering exhaust port 142. Combustion gases are thereby vented into cavity 104, relieving the driving force on pad 114. Return spring 176 then extracts piercing pin 170 from diaphragm 166, if the pressure of the gas within cartridge G has not already done so, and permits the gas to flow into cell C through bore 180 and stud 182.
  • Dried, compressed natural spong e is the preferred material for sensing means 42.
  • Such a material is very stable under normal ambient conditions and will not tend to expand even when humidity is somewhat high. If permitted to expand without confinement, the natural sponge would expand to approximately 12 times its original size.
  • the force which drives plate 38 and rod 40 downwardly to close switch contacts 30 and 32 is, therefore, considerable because the space available for travel of plate 38 is only on the order of the initial thickness of the sponge.
  • Sponge 42 expands extremely rapidly upon immersion in water and causes detonation of detonator 144 less than one second after immersion. In fact, detonation times of as low as 0.83 seconds have been experienced, with full deployment (inflation) of life vest cells occurring in less than three seconds.
  • expandable materials may be used as sensing means.
  • certain types of compressed paper or synthetic sponges may be suitable.
  • the uneonfined volume expansion of the material should be sufficient to generate an actuating force which will reliably close switch contacts 30, 32, and which will yield a reaction time to detonation on the order of not more than three seconds for a life preserving device.
  • the material must be capable of expanding upon contact with fresh water and salt water, but must not expand merely in the presence of humid air. It can be seen that the inflator of Figures 1-4 is designed for easy and inexpensive reconditioning for reliable reuse.
  • a spent detonator assembly 128 can be unscrewed and replaced by a new one.
  • cartridge G, batteries 6 and actuator housing 20 can be easily replaced.
  • the spent detonator assembly 128 can be reconditioned by inserting a new detonator 144.
  • the spent cartridge G can be refilled with CO 2 and resealed.
  • the expanded sponge 42 can be removed and replaced with a compressed sponge.
  • the reconditioned detonator assembly 128, cartridge G and actuator housing 20 can be reinstalled in other inflator bodies 102.
  • Figure 14 illustrates a modified inflator configuration.
  • body 202 has a bore 204 for piercing pin assembly 206, detonator 208 and CO 2 cartridge G.
  • Detonator 208 has a construction similar to that used in the embodiment of Figures 1 through 4, that is, it includes an electrical resistance element and an explosive charge.
  • Piercing pin assembly 206 has a rear piston 210 and a forward piston 212 secured to a common spindle or stem 214.
  • the force of the exploding charge acting on piston 210 drives piercing pin assembly 206 forwardly.
  • a return spring 216 bears against a shoulder 218 in bore 202, -and an O- ring 220 retained in groove 222 on stem 214 prevents the escape of gas from cartridge G through bore 204.
  • a manual actuator lever 248 is provided which pivots about pin 250 to urge piercing pin assembly 206 to the left by engagement with piston 212. Mo-unting of the inflator on the hollow threaded nipple 224 of an inflatable cell is similar to that in Figures 1 through 4.
  • Battery chamber 226 houses a 7 volt, 10 milliampere mercury oxide battery 228.
  • One terminal of battery 228 is connected to detonator 208 through lead 230, and the other contact is connected to leaf spring switch contact 232.
  • Stationary switch contact 234 is connected to detonator 208 by lead 236.
  • Actuator housing 238 has holes 240 through which liquid may enter to expand the sensing means 242 within.
  • the sensing means may comprise a dried, compressed natural sponge or other suitable expandable material, as described above.
  • Plate 244 and pin 246 are driven to the right when sponge 242 expands to close switch contacts 232, 234 and cause detonation of detonator 208.
  • the liquid sensitive actuator need not be integrally mounted with the detonator or the battery. In some applications, it may be desirable to mount the actuator separately and trigger a plurality of detonator type inflators using a single actuator.
  • a body 302 is mounted on a hollow threaded nipple 304 in the manner of the inflator of Figures 1 through 4. Body 302 merely mates the gas cartridge G with the detonator 306.
  • Detonator 306 is similar in construction to the detonator of Figure 14.
  • a piercing pin assembly 308 is slidably received within a bore 310. Piercing pin assembly 308 has the usual return spring 312 and O-ring seal 314. Gas dispensed from cartridge G flows through two bores 318 into hollow nipple 304 and then into cell C.
  • the remotely mounted liquid-sensitive actuator and battery pack are connected in parallel with the inflator assemblies so that they are all detonated simultaneously.
  • FIG. 8 An actuator which is well suited for remote mounting is illustrated in Figures 8 and 9.
  • This actuator has a cylindrical casing 402 which is divided into a switch chamber 404 and a housing 406 for the sensing means.
  • a multiple pole, single throw switch 408 (in this case a triple pole swit.ch for three remotely mounted detonators) is mounted within switch chamber 404.
  • Switch arm 410 is disposed in contact with actuator rod 412, which is attached to follower piston 414.
  • Piston 414 has a peripheral groove, in which an O-ring seal -415 is retained.
  • Above piston 414 is the sensing means 416, which preferably comprises a dried, compressed natural sponge.
  • Apertures 418 in the sidewall of housing 406 are adapted to permit the entry of liquid into the housing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif d'actionnement sensible au liquide permet l'actionnement d'un dispositif sensible au deplacement, tel qu'un dispositif de flottaison gonflable. Le dispositif d'actionnement comprend un organe de detection (42) dans une enceinte (44) qui se dilate au contact d'un liquide pour communiquer un deplacement au dispositif et par consequent le mettre en action. Dans le cas d'un dispositif de flottaison, l'actionnement peut comprendre le deplacement d'un organe de detente (106) pour provoquer la decharge gazeuse d'une cartouche (6) et deployer une cellule gonflable (c). L'organe de detection peut comprendre un organe a eponge naturelle seche, comprimee (42) qui se dilate de maniere rapide et forcee lorsqu'elle est immergee dans l'eau pour actionner le dispositif.
PCT/US1982/000731 1981-05-27 1982-05-27 Dispositif d'actionnement sensible au liquide pour des dispositifs sensibles au deplacement WO1982004232A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US26745781A 1981-05-27 1981-05-27
US267457810527 1981-05-27

Publications (1)

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WO1982004232A1 true WO1982004232A1 (fr) 1982-12-09

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EP (1) EP0079956A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1982004232A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9112117U1 (fr) * 1991-09-28 1991-11-21 Bernhardt Apparatebau Gmbh + Co., 2000 Wedel, De
GB2268712A (en) * 1992-07-15 1994-01-19 Brian Spence Mackenzie Life jacket inflators
US5370567A (en) * 1991-09-28 1994-12-06 Bernhardt Apparatebau Gmbh U. Co. Device for the inflation of more particularly a container or a floating body of a piece of lifesaving equipment
US5400922A (en) * 1992-07-14 1995-03-28 Halkey-Roberts Corporation Electric autoinflator
US5509576A (en) * 1992-07-14 1996-04-23 Halkey-Roberts Corporation Electric autoinflator
WO2005105569A1 (fr) * 2004-04-29 2005-11-10 Irvin Aerospace Canada Limited Gonfleur declenche par l'eau pour dispositif gonflable, et procede de liberation d'air
WO2010036207A1 (fr) * 2008-09-29 2010-04-01 Nanyang Polytechnic Dispositif déclencheur programmable de flottabilité actionné par la pression
EP2616725A4 (fr) * 2010-09-13 2017-05-17 Carleton Technologies, Inc. Dispositif de libération de gaz sous pression actionné à l'eau

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR421226A (fr) * 1909-12-15 1911-02-17 Emile Bleriot Dispositif d'ouverture facultative et automatique d'obus à gaz sous pression
US1117639A (en) * 1914-03-28 1914-11-17 Herbert W Cooey Portable life-buoy.
US2701886A (en) * 1952-04-17 1955-02-15 Milton W Ivie Self-inflating life preserver
US3562731A (en) * 1968-04-01 1971-02-09 Charles Jui Cheng Hsu Surface water detector
US3602661A (en) * 1968-12-09 1971-08-31 Saab Scania Ab Immersion responsive sensor
US3808385A (en) * 1972-08-11 1974-04-30 G Klinefelter Moisture responsive switch actuator
US4246575A (en) * 1979-02-02 1981-01-20 Purtell Jack L Moisture detector
US4305420A (en) * 1980-03-18 1981-12-15 Oscar Nussdorf Automatic water or liquid safety valve assembly

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR421226A (fr) * 1909-12-15 1911-02-17 Emile Bleriot Dispositif d'ouverture facultative et automatique d'obus à gaz sous pression
US1117639A (en) * 1914-03-28 1914-11-17 Herbert W Cooey Portable life-buoy.
US2701886A (en) * 1952-04-17 1955-02-15 Milton W Ivie Self-inflating life preserver
US3562731A (en) * 1968-04-01 1971-02-09 Charles Jui Cheng Hsu Surface water detector
US3602661A (en) * 1968-12-09 1971-08-31 Saab Scania Ab Immersion responsive sensor
US3808385A (en) * 1972-08-11 1974-04-30 G Klinefelter Moisture responsive switch actuator
US3808385B1 (fr) * 1972-08-11 1989-01-03
US4246575A (en) * 1979-02-02 1981-01-20 Purtell Jack L Moisture detector
US4305420A (en) * 1980-03-18 1981-12-15 Oscar Nussdorf Automatic water or liquid safety valve assembly

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9112117U1 (fr) * 1991-09-28 1991-11-21 Bernhardt Apparatebau Gmbh + Co., 2000 Wedel, De
US5370567A (en) * 1991-09-28 1994-12-06 Bernhardt Apparatebau Gmbh U. Co. Device for the inflation of more particularly a container or a floating body of a piece of lifesaving equipment
US5400922A (en) * 1992-07-14 1995-03-28 Halkey-Roberts Corporation Electric autoinflator
US5509576A (en) * 1992-07-14 1996-04-23 Halkey-Roberts Corporation Electric autoinflator
GB2268712A (en) * 1992-07-15 1994-01-19 Brian Spence Mackenzie Life jacket inflators
GB2268712B (en) * 1992-07-15 1995-08-23 Brian Spence Mackenzie Improvements in life-jackets
WO2005105569A1 (fr) * 2004-04-29 2005-11-10 Irvin Aerospace Canada Limited Gonfleur declenche par l'eau pour dispositif gonflable, et procede de liberation d'air
WO2010036207A1 (fr) * 2008-09-29 2010-04-01 Nanyang Polytechnic Dispositif déclencheur programmable de flottabilité actionné par la pression
EP2616725A4 (fr) * 2010-09-13 2017-05-17 Carleton Technologies, Inc. Dispositif de libération de gaz sous pression actionné à l'eau

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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