WO1981000648A1 - Dispositifs d'amortissement de courant - Google Patents

Dispositifs d'amortissement de courant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1981000648A1
WO1981000648A1 PCT/GB1980/000132 GB8000132W WO8100648A1 WO 1981000648 A1 WO1981000648 A1 WO 1981000648A1 GB 8000132 W GB8000132 W GB 8000132W WO 8100648 A1 WO8100648 A1 WO 8100648A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
damping
bypass
arrangement according
current
arrangement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1980/000132
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
H Thanawala
Original Assignee
Ass Elect Ind
H Thanawala
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ass Elect Ind, H Thanawala filed Critical Ass Elect Ind
Priority to DE803049822T priority Critical patent/DE3049822A1/de
Publication of WO1981000648A1 publication Critical patent/WO1981000648A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/001—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection limiting speed of change of electric quantities, e.g. soft switching on or off
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
    • H02J3/1835—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
    • H02J3/1864—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein the stepless control of reactive power is obtained by at least one reactive element connected in series with a semiconductor switch
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/10—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

Definitions

  • This invention relates to damping arrangements for high power a.c. transmission systems in which a system component, such as a capacitor bank, is connected to the system by means of a solid state switching arrangement, s ⁇ ch as a series-parallel thyristor bank, the system component being thereby subject to large transient currents on operation of the switching arrangement. It is thus of particular application to capacitor banks connected to the a.c. network through anti-parallel connected thyristor valves; each valve generally has one of more thyristors connected in series and parallel.
  • thyristor switch instead of conventional switches, circuit breakers or contactors, much higher speeds of controlling the ON or OFF conditions can be achieved so that the magnitude of capacitance connected to the network can be rapidly varied, for example within a cycle of power frequency, by controlling the number of capacitor banks connected.
  • Such rapid control is of importance in networks where rapid changes and fluctuations in load current flows, and resulting reactive power and voltage variations occur, for example in industrial systems or in transmission systems.
  • the thyristor switched capacitors then act as a form of static compensator, of which other known examples are saturated reactor compensators and thyristor-control led reactor compensators. Such capacitors can be used on their own or in conjunction with other reactive compensation devices.
  • the present invention consists in a current damping arrangement for a high power a.c.
  • the current damping arrangement comprising resistive damping means connected in parallel with bypass switching means, the parallel combination being connected in series with the system component in such manner that, when the bypass switching means is open the whole of any transient currents are carried and damped by the damping means, and further comprising control means arranged to control the bypass switching means in s ⁇ ch Banner as to remove the damping means from the current path in steady operation, after a predetermined time from the closing of the switching arrangement.
  • the bypass switching means preferably consists of solid state components and may comprise a series connected part of the switching arrangement.
  • the bypass switching means may be controlled so as to grade the increase in current bypassed following the closing of the switching arrangement.
  • the damping means may be in series connected sections and the bypass switching means may then be effective to bypass the sections successively.
  • bypass switching means may be phase-controlled by the control means so as to close for a progressively increasing proportion of successive halfcycles of the supply voltage following the clos ⁇ re of the switching arrangement.
  • the said predetermined time may be determined by the reduction of the transient current to a predetermined level.
  • the switching arrangement and the bypass switching means both comprise thyristors.
  • the resistive damping means is preferably on the neutral side of the system component which may comprise a capacitor or capacitor bank, or a reactor or reactor bank.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram of a known thyristor-switched capacitor system employing current limiting reactors
  • FIG. 1 shows diagrams of different known resistive current-limiting arrangements
  • Figure 3 shows a diagram of a current limiting arrangement according to the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram of a modification of Figure 3.
  • Figures 1 and 2 have already been described briefly.
  • Figure 1 shows a bank of capacitors C, each unit of the bank being in series with an anti-parallel thyristor valve arrangement T.
  • a current limiting reactor L completes the series connection of each capacitor unit between the liner of the system (one of which may be the neutral).
  • a control system 3 controls the gating of the thyristor valves to switch in the capacitor bank to the required extent.
  • Figure 2(a) shows a capacitor unit C in series with a current limiting reactor L and a damping resistor R.
  • Figure 2(b) shows a similar arrangement but with the damping resistor shunting the reactor L.
  • FIGS. 2(c) and 2(d) show arrangements with auxiliary capacitors C A which provide selective damping of frequencies outside the supply frequency by tuning arrangements. All of these arrangements have permanently connected damping resistors.
  • a capacitor bank represented by a capacitor C is connected between system lines 1 and 2 by means of a bank of thyristor switches T comprising anti-parallel thyristors, each series arm of which may comprise a plurality of thyristors as shown, and each anti-parallel pair of series arms of which may be replicated for current carrying purposes.
  • Each unit of the capacitor bank C may be series connected with a respective anti-parallel unit of the thyristor bank T.
  • a current limiting reactor L is connected in series, as in the known systems, and then a damping resistor R in parallel with a shunting thyristor pair T s completes the series connection.
  • a control circuit S controls the gating of the thyristors. It is reqxiired that the damping resistor R should be in circuit for a predetermined period following the firing of the thyristor bank T and that it ( or at least a major psirt of it) should then be bypassed for normal operation after the decay of the major part of the transient current.
  • the bypassing of the damping resistor R is effected by the thyristor unit T s under the control of the control circuit S.
  • a period ranging from one half cycle to several cycles of the supply frequency (approximately 10-40 milliseconds at 50 Hz) is a sufficient period to leave the damping resistor in circuit.
  • the control circuit S is controlled to delay the firing of the thyristors T S by a predetermined number of half-cycles after the capacitor bank T has been fired. It will be appreciated that only the thyristors with a positive anode to cathode voltage at the. instant of triggering will fire.
  • the anti-parallel arrangement ensures that conduction can occur in every half-cycle.
  • control circuit S is made responsive to the magnitude of the transient current and the delay period before firing the bypass thyristors T S is controlled to vary with the transient current magnitude.
  • the damping resistor may be switched out of circuit, or bypassed, in stages, by physically dividing it into sections r as shown in Figure 4.
  • each section r has its own thyristor bypass unit T S .
  • the bypass thyristor unit or units T S may be one or more series connected sections of the main thyristor bank T.
  • the control circuit S is arranged to fire the bypass thyristors T S at a progressively earlier point in each half cycle throughout the several half-cycles of the damping period.
  • the two methods of grading, sectioned damping resistor, and progressive thyristor firing, can also be combined.
  • the different sections may each be progressively fired, but the progression staggered from one section to the next.
  • the damping resistors of Figures 3 and 4 remain in circuit for a short time only and therefore substantial resistance values can be used to achieve rapid damping without incurring excessive continuous losses. For example if the critical value of damping resistance for obtaining a non-oscillatory transient in the R-l-C circuit is
  • damping resistance R ranee from 0.1 R c to 0.5 R c althouggh values outside this range may be used in some cases. Such values of series damping resistance would be prohibitively 'lossy' if permanently connected, e.g. as in Figure 2.
  • the thyristor-switched damping resistors achieve the desired transient damping for the oscillatory current components, while costly continuous losses are avoided and the physical size of the resistors is also kept small.
  • the bypass switching means does require additional thyristors, but their number is likely to be small in relation to the number of thyristors in the main part of the valve.
  • the capacitor bank is connected from phase to neutral of the a.c. system it may be advantageous from insulation considerations to provide the damping resistor and the bypass switch towards the neutral end, particularly if the neutral is earthed in some manner.
  • the resistor itself may be of any of the suitable conventional constructions, e.g. metallic, metal grid, metal wire, ceramic etc..
  • the invention applies equally to single phase and multiphase a.c. networks. It is normal practice, as a means of avoiding, or at least reducing, inrush currents, to maintain the capacitor bank at full voltage when it is disconnected and to reconnect it when called for, at the peak voltage of the same polarity. It is any discrepancy between the maintained (or re-charged) voltage of the capacitor bank and the peak system voltage to which it is connected that causes the inrush current.
  • a thyristor-switched capacitor bank avoids these requirements and thus provides a major advantage.
  • the combination of the current limiting reactor and the thyristor-switched resistor damps inrush current transients to such an extent that the main thyristor valve can be switched on whenever the valve voltage is zero or nearly zero within each half-cycle of the system frequency.
  • the normal operation is to close the main thyristor switch at the instant of zero switch voltage, when a command instruction is received to connect a capacitor bank.
  • the main thyristor switch is closed at the minimum voltage instant.
  • the damping resistor After allowing the damping resistor to remain in circuit for one half cycle (for example), its bypass switch would be closed.
  • a longer or shorter duration of damping resistor insertion may be chosen (as described above) as suited to the circumstances.
  • the bypass-switched resistor method is also applicable to suppression of inrush current problems in other thyristor valve applications, such as a.c. valves for thyristorcontrolled reactor schemes and for d.c. valves for hvdc (or even lower voltage d.c.) converters i.e. rectifiers and inverters.
  • the inrush current is caused by therelatively small stray capacitances of the supply transformers, linear reactors and connecting busbars and bushings.
  • the inrush frequencies are however higher than in the switched capacitor schemes because the circuit inductance is also usually not very large.
  • the invention can be used for these applications but since the required amount of damping is smaller, more conventional means such as inrush limiting reactors having relatively large high frequency resistance may be adequate in many cases, or provision of uni-directional damping in d.c. valves fortransient oscillatory currents in a direction opposite to that of the main d.c. current.
  • the present invention may however be useful in difficult cases and add to the overall economy of the equipment.
  • the bypass part of the switch In order to ensure that the bypass part of the switch is operating to prevent excessive losses and damage in the series damping resistor, the latter may be fitted with a suitable fuse, or other overload protection means. Alternatively such conditions may be designed to give an alarm, or trip action, or automatic electronic firing of the bypass valve thyristors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif d'amortissement pour des condensateurs commutes par thyristors dans des systemes de compensation de puissance de reaction. D'importants courants d'irruption sont possibles lorsque des condensateurs sont connectes de nouveau apres un temps de deconnection. Le present dispositif consiste a monter en series avec la banque de commutation par thyristors une grande resistance d'amortissement by-passee par des thyristors qui peuvent en fait etre une partie en serie de la banque de commutation principale. Le by-pass est ouvert avant la fermeture des thyristors principaux et ferme peu de temps apres, favorisant ainsi l'extinction des phenomenes transitoires. La refermeture du by-pass peut s'effectuer par etages (sections de la resistance d'amortissement) ou progressivement en cycles successifs.
PCT/GB1980/000132 1979-08-28 1980-08-27 Dispositifs d'amortissement de courant WO1981000648A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE803049822T DE3049822A1 (de) 1979-08-28 1980-08-27 Current damping arrangements

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7929730 1979-08-28
GB7929730 1979-08-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1981000648A1 true WO1981000648A1 (fr) 1981-03-05

Family

ID=10507447

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1980/000132 WO1981000648A1 (fr) 1979-08-28 1980-08-27 Dispositifs d'amortissement de courant

Country Status (3)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2057796B (fr)
SE (1) SE8102685L (fr)
WO (1) WO1981000648A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2146466A (en) * 1983-08-23 1985-04-17 Donald Francis Binns Alternating curent power supplies
EP0299916A1 (fr) * 1987-04-24 1989-01-18 EMIL HAEFELY & CIE AG Dispositif d'amortissement pour circuits de filtrage et de compensation de puissance réactive
WO1997007581A1 (fr) * 1995-08-11 1997-02-27 Gec Alsthom Limited Compensateur var statique
EP2115547A1 (fr) * 2007-02-02 2009-11-11 Advanced Environmental Technologies Limited Technique de commutation pour l'utilisation efficace d'un courant électrique
WO2010002687A2 (fr) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-07 American Superconductor Corporation Correcteur statique de puissance réactive (var)
CN109755944A (zh) * 2017-11-03 2019-05-14 国网辽宁省电力有限公司阜新供电公司 一种快速开关型串联补偿装置用阻尼装置组件
DE102019101311A1 (de) * 2019-01-18 2020-07-23 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Filtervorrichtung für ein Energienetz, Filternetzwerk und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Filtervorrichtung

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU607497B2 (en) * 1987-05-25 1991-03-07 Anthony Joseph Griffin Alternating current traction system voltage regulator
GB2294821A (en) * 1994-11-04 1996-05-08 Gec Alsthom Ltd Multilevel converter
FI116922B (fi) * 2004-05-25 2006-03-31 Nokian Capacitors Oy Menetelmä tyristorikytketyn kondensaattoripariston irtikytkemiseksi ja tyristorikytketty kondensaattoriparisto
CN107664739B (zh) * 2016-07-28 2021-01-15 全球能源互联网研究院 一种hvdc晶闸管级阻尼电阻动态参数在线监测方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1939064A (en) * 1930-11-03 1933-12-12 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Device for power-factor correction in electric power-circuits
FR2004590A1 (fr) * 1968-03-23 1969-11-28 Licentia Gmbh
CH522969A (de) * 1971-03-26 1972-05-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Anordnung zur Dämpfung des Ausschwingvorganges elektrischer Schwingungen auf einer Höchstspannungsleistung
US3955134A (en) * 1973-10-09 1976-05-04 Woodford Dennis A Reactance controller

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1939064A (en) * 1930-11-03 1933-12-12 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Device for power-factor correction in electric power-circuits
FR2004590A1 (fr) * 1968-03-23 1969-11-28 Licentia Gmbh
CH522969A (de) * 1971-03-26 1972-05-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Anordnung zur Dämpfung des Ausschwingvorganges elektrischer Schwingungen auf einer Höchstspannungsleistung
US3955134A (en) * 1973-10-09 1976-05-04 Woodford Dennis A Reactance controller

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics and Control Instrumentation, vol. IECI-22, no. 1, issued February, 1975 (New York, US), I.R. Smith et al.: "Reactivecurrent compensation by switched capacitors", pages 75- 78 *
IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. PAS-88, no. 7, issued July 1969 (New York, US), R.G. Colclaser Jr. et al.: "Multistep resistor control of switching surges", pages 1022-1028 *

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2146466A (en) * 1983-08-23 1985-04-17 Donald Francis Binns Alternating curent power supplies
EP0299916A1 (fr) * 1987-04-24 1989-01-18 EMIL HAEFELY & CIE AG Dispositif d'amortissement pour circuits de filtrage et de compensation de puissance réactive
WO1997007581A1 (fr) * 1995-08-11 1997-02-27 Gec Alsthom Limited Compensateur var statique
EP2115547A1 (fr) * 2007-02-02 2009-11-11 Advanced Environmental Technologies Limited Technique de commutation pour l'utilisation efficace d'un courant électrique
EP2115547A4 (fr) * 2007-02-02 2014-06-18 Advanced Environmental Technologies Ltd Technique de commutation pour l'utilisation efficace d'un courant électrique
WO2010002687A2 (fr) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-07 American Superconductor Corporation Correcteur statique de puissance réactive (var)
WO2010002687A3 (fr) * 2008-07-02 2010-02-25 American Superconductor Corporation Correcteur statique de puissance réactive (var)
US7940029B2 (en) 2008-07-02 2011-05-10 American Superconductor Corporation Static VAR corrector
CN109755944A (zh) * 2017-11-03 2019-05-14 国网辽宁省电力有限公司阜新供电公司 一种快速开关型串联补偿装置用阻尼装置组件
DE102019101311A1 (de) * 2019-01-18 2020-07-23 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Filtervorrichtung für ein Energienetz, Filternetzwerk und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Filtervorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2057796A (en) 1981-04-01
GB2057796B (en) 1983-11-23
SE8102685L (sv) 1981-04-28

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