WO1981000528A1 - Procede et machine de formage de haute energie - Google Patents

Procede et machine de formage de haute energie Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1981000528A1
WO1981000528A1 PCT/DK1980/000051 DK8000051W WO8100528A1 WO 1981000528 A1 WO1981000528 A1 WO 1981000528A1 DK 8000051 W DK8000051 W DK 8000051W WO 8100528 A1 WO8100528 A1 WO 8100528A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tool
blank
medium
pipe
transmission
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK1980/000051
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
P Poulsen
Original Assignee
P Poulsen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by P Poulsen filed Critical P Poulsen
Publication of WO1981000528A1 publication Critical patent/WO1981000528A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/06—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves
    • B21D26/08—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves generated by explosives, e.g. chemical explosives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
    • B21J9/12—Drives for forging presses operated by hydraulic or liquid pressure

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of high energy rate forming of metals and other ductile materials.
  • High energy rate forming is a forming method by which the necessary amount of deformation energy is introduced over a relatively short time interval ranging from micro- to milliseconds.
  • explosive forming where an explosive charge is detonated transferring energy to the blank via water or another suitable transmitting media.
  • This process is often used in the stretch or draw forming of sheet metal, e.g. in the production of tank heads.
  • a related process is electrohydraulic forming where, instead of being provided by detonation of explosives, the power is provided by discharge of electric energy from a capacitor bank over a spark gap submerged in the medium of transmission.
  • High energy rate forming methods use compressed gases to accelerate a piston with a tool acting on a stationary tool part. This method, termed indirect high energy rate forming, is mostly used in swaging and powder-pressing as well as punching and cropping operations.
  • Explosive forming has the drawback that it requires specially trained personnel for safety reasons. In addition, the efficiency is relatively low because only part of the energy spent can be directed towards the blank to be deformed. Electrohydraulic forming requires excessive investments in the bank of capacitors, electric control etc., and again, the efficiency is low. Fur thermore, in the methods mentioned the deformation energy is introduced in such a brief interval that most often it is necessary to evacuate the space behind the blank, which complicates the procedure to some extent.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method of high energy rate forming which as opposed to the prior art allows a more flexible preadjustment of the forming course and which can be carried out by a machine which is safer and cheaper than the known machines for high energy rate forming.
  • This object is achieved by carrying out the method as stated in the characterizing portion of claim 1, it being possible to control the forming e.g. in dependence upon the density, speed, and viscosity of the transmission medium (e.g. water) used and upon the flow conditions provided for the liquid.
  • the transmission medium e.g. water
  • the method defined in claim 2 provides advantages in terms of installation because it obviates the necessity of adding and discharging liquid. The same liquid may thus be used again and again.
  • the invention also relates to a machine for carrying out the method, said machine being constructed as described in the characterizing portion of claim 3.
  • Claims 4-6 provide preferred embodiments of the tool for the machine of claim 3.
  • fig. 1 is a vertical section of an embodiment of a ma chine according to the invention, with a tool for stretch or draw forming of sheet blanks, fig. 2 a horizontal section of same, fig. 3 another tool for the machine of figs. 1 and 2 for forming a tubular blank, fig. 4 a tube as formed, fig. 5 a vertical section of an indirectly acting tool for the machine of figs. 1 and 2, and fig. 6 an object produced by the tool of fig. 5.
  • the machine is built around three heavy plates 1, 2, and 3, which are maintained in suitable spaced relationship by means of columns 4.
  • the plates 1 and 2 are provided with bearings 5 and 6 for a shaft 7 provided with a flange 8.
  • a cylindrical container consisting of a circular bottom 9, a shell 10, and a ring-shaped plate 11 whose internal diameter is considerably smaller than that of the shell.
  • the container may be rotated in the direction of the arrow A by means of a motor 12 via a transmission 13.
  • the plates 2 and 3 are furthermore provided with bearings 14 and 15 for a pipe 16, whose bottom part is formed with a 90 bend in the vertical plane and another bend of about 60° in the horizontal plane. The latter bend is oriented with its opening pointing towards the direction of rotation of the container.
  • the pipe 16 may be turned approx. 60° about its vertical axis in such way that its bottom opening in one position (dashed) is disposed within the inner edge of the plate ring 11 and in its other extreme position (dotted) close to the internal surface of the shell 10.
  • the upper opening of the pipe 16 is connected to a tool which is fitted on the plate 3 and comprises an openable forming part 28 which may be secured in liquid tight relationship with the plate 3 by means of a hasp 27, optionally via a seal.
  • the tool is arranged to receive a plate-shaped blank, such as a disc 26, so that one side of the disc is connected to the pipe 16, while the other side faces a cavity defined by the tool 28.
  • the pipe 16 is provided with a control guide 17 which serves to limit the angular rotation as it hits the stop dogs 18 and 19. These are located on the bottom side of the plate 3 before the vertical section plane. Normally the pipe is in the position indicated by dashed line in which the guide 17 is held in contact with the dog 19 by means of a spring 20. A compressed air cylinder 21 or another type of actuator is able to turn the guide 17 towards stop dog 18 when the forming is to take place, which will be explained below.
  • Forming is brought into effect by activating the cylinder 21 whose piston rod is provided with a pin 29 en gaging a notch in the guide 17. This causes the pipe 16 to turn, its lower opening swinging outwards so that its outer edge penetrates the cylindrically shaped water surface. Due to the velocity of the water, the pipe then momentarily turns into the position indicated by dotted line where it is stopped by stop dog 18 which is provided with a rubber buffer.
  • the air contained in the tool above the blank is pressed out through a hole 30 and since the speed of forming is low compared with explosive forming, there is no harmful counter pressure build-up which might necessitate evacuation of the tool cavity.
  • the water runs back into the rotating container through the pipe 16.
  • the speed of rotation is reduc ed for a while, but then it increases again until the motor 12 has resupplied the amount of energy used to the system.
  • the operator has opened the tool, removed the finished part and inserted a new blank, and then the machine is ready for the next cycle.
  • the machine described may be provided with another tool for other high energy rate forming operations.
  • Fig. 3 shows a tool 28A which is arranged to be fitted on the plate 3 and designed to provide two annular portions of locally increased diameter in a metal pipe.
  • the metal pipe is inserted in the tool 28A which is centrally split in a vertical plane and bolted to the plate above the upper opening of the pipe 16.
  • Fig. 5 shows a tool 28B which is arranged for indirect forming.
  • the tool 28B comprises a hollow, upwardly closed piston 31 which is vertically movable in the pipe 16.
  • the piston is provided with an annular seal 32 and the top of the piston has mounted thereon a tool part 33 on which a blank 34 is placed.
  • the tool part 33 acts on a stationary tool part 35 which is mounted on a bridge across the working area.
  • the bridge is clamped on the plate 3 by means of a bolt 36 which extends through spacer pipe 37.
  • the amount of energy spent in the forming may be calculated from the cubic volume of the formed blank and the speed of the medium of transmission but as the process consumes energy to overcome flow losses in the medium and between blank and tool etc., it is necessary to have a considerable surplus available.
  • the following example illustrates that the process is suitable for releasing very considerable amounts of energy.
  • the task is to produce tank heads having a diameter of 1.2 meters and a height of 0.2 meter.
  • the cubic volume of this part is about 150 liters, and if the volume of the supply pipe is 50 liters, the active volume of the transmission medium will be 200 liters or, in the case of water, the active mass will be 200 kg.
  • the diameter of the rotating container is 1.2 meters, and the rotational speed max. 1500 rpm.
  • the mean diameter of the rotating ring of water is

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Procede de formage a haute energie de metaux et autres materiaux ductiles, ou un milieu de transmission est utilise pour transferer une decharge d'energie agissant sur un flan avec une force suffisante pour former celui-ci. Dans le procede la decharge est obtenue en donnant une energie cinetique au milieu de transmission en faisant tourner le milieu, sous forme d'un liquide, et en convertissant essentiellement momentanement l'energie cinetique en une pression qui agit sur le flan. Une machine pour la mise en oeuvre du procede comprend un conteneur (9, 10, 11) qui, rempli de liquide, peut etre mis en rotation. Un tube de decharge (16) est dispose pour guider le liquide, une fois que ce liquide a obtenu une energie cinetique predetermine, essentiellement instantanement, dans une direction vers un outil (28, 28A, 28B) qui contient le flan, (p. ex. 26) de maniere a exercer, simplement et sans aucun risque, une pression predeterminee contre le flan dans le but de le former.
PCT/DK1980/000051 1979-08-27 1980-08-26 Procede et machine de formage de haute energie WO1981000528A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK3564/79 1979-08-27
DK356479 1979-08-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1981000528A1 true WO1981000528A1 (fr) 1981-03-05

Family

ID=8124328

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK1980/000051 WO1981000528A1 (fr) 1979-08-27 1980-08-26 Procede et machine de formage de haute energie

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0034617A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1981000528A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3877285A (en) * 1972-08-28 1975-04-15 Carbox Ab Machine for treating workpieces at elevated pressures, especially a high-pressure press
DE2422344B2 (de) * 1973-05-11 1977-04-07 National Forge Co., Irvine, Pa. (V.St.A.) Isostatische presse zum verdichten erhitzter pulver

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3877285A (en) * 1972-08-28 1975-04-15 Carbox Ab Machine for treating workpieces at elevated pressures, especially a high-pressure press
DE2422344B2 (de) * 1973-05-11 1977-04-07 National Forge Co., Irvine, Pa. (V.St.A.) Isostatische presse zum verdichten erhitzter pulver

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0034617A1 (fr) 1981-09-02

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