WO1980001578A1 - Improvements in or relating to methods and means for maintenance of road surfaces - Google Patents

Improvements in or relating to methods and means for maintenance of road surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1980001578A1
WO1980001578A1 PCT/SE1980/000020 SE8000020W WO8001578A1 WO 1980001578 A1 WO1980001578 A1 WO 1980001578A1 SE 8000020 W SE8000020 W SE 8000020W WO 8001578 A1 WO8001578 A1 WO 8001578A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
binder
road
road surface
optimal amount
determined
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1980/000020
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
L Hove
Original Assignee
Kemanobel Ab
Pedersen As Marius
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kemanobel Ab, Pedersen As Marius filed Critical Kemanobel Ab
Priority to DE803030678A priority Critical patent/DE3030678A1/en
Priority to AT0906480A priority patent/AT376466B/en
Publication of WO1980001578A1 publication Critical patent/WO1980001578A1/en
Priority to DK410980A priority patent/DK410980A/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/35—Toppings or surface dressings; Methods of mixing, impregnating, or spreading them
    • E01C7/353—Toppings or surface dressings; Methods of mixing, impregnating, or spreading them with exclusively bituminous binders; Aggregate, fillers or other additives for application on or in the surface of toppings with exclusively bituminous binders, e.g. for roughening or clearing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for carrying out road maintenance works on road surfaces covered by a 5. bitumenous top layer and to means for carrying out the method.
  • the invention is concerned with the other class of paving methods wherein a liquid asphalt binder and an aggregate, preferably a crushed stone material, are applied in separate layers to the roadway and then the aggregate is compacted into the binder.
  • a method falling into the latter class is known as a single pass surface treatment or surface dressing, which may be applied to any prepared surface and is frequently applied to existing bituminous paving in order to provide a new and smooth surface and to make the old paving waterproof and
  • This method usually entails the steps of sweeping the old base in order to remove dirt and other foreign matter and then applying a coat of a liquid asphalt binder to the base, covering the coat of asphalt binder with a layer or course of crushed stone material, rolling the
  • the binder should be applied -in ⁇ - ⁇ -r--
  • Vv ' IPO « such a thin layer that the stone layer gets bound, but is maintained disintegrated on its top side.
  • the binder should be applied in a thicker layer for binding the cover layer in a safe manner, with-
  • road portions i.e. the normal wheel track portions thereo and the less loaded portions therebetween, and as well known the results is generally dissatisfying in that loose stone material appears on the said less loaded portions wh le the heavy loaded track portions are liable to get black,
  • the invention is based on the idea that it is in fact possible to detect the load distribution caused by the traffic over the width of the road. This can be done photoelectrically or otherwise.
  • the load distribution can be done photoelectrically or otherwise.
  • the binder may be applied to the road surface by means of a moving cross boom pro ⁇ vided with a.plurality of binder outlet nozzles of indi ⁇ vidually adjustable capacity, whereby the binder is appli ⁇ cable simultaneously all over the width of the road or a
  • the said load detection may be carried out by a direct regist ⁇ ration of the load distribution as sensed by guage means mounted for selective load registration across the respo e r c ro n e gu ge me .
  • guage means When the guage means are kept operative during a repre ⁇ sentative interval of time and the measuring results are caused to be memorized, according to any suitable princip- 5. les, it is possible to thereafter read out the relevant data pertaining to maximum and/or avarage load on the single ' portions of the width of the road at the particular place, and when a measuring place is chosen which is representa ⁇ tive of a considerable length of the road, the binder can
  • the measuring equipment which belongs to the present invention, may be so adjusted that the data read-out is usable in a direct manner for the differentiated setting of the capaci-
  • the mea ⁇ suring system is so adapted that it provides for registra ⁇ tion solely of traffic above a predetermined minimum weight.
  • the mea ⁇ suring system is so adapted that it provides for registra ⁇ tion solely of traffic above a predetermined minimum weight.
  • the invention comprises the possibility of car ⁇ rying out a real rigidity measurement by pointwise check ⁇ ing the intrusion effect, in depth and time, of a loaded test member into the road surface, and from this test obtain ⁇ ing a readable result which is usable as a parameter for the
  • Fig. 1 is a top view showing a preferred embodiment o a traffic load measuring device accroding to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of the device of Fig. 1.
  • maintenance programme for a certain road surface to be reno vated by a so-called surface dressing operation it has been found very important to know precisely the actual traffic load picture of- the roadway in question.
  • a measuring band structure as shown in Figs. 1 and
  • the band structure shown comprises a rubber mount ⁇ ing base.plate portion 2 provided with a plurality of mutu ⁇ ally spaced contact members 6 adapted to be activated by
  • the whole measuring band structure is held in correct position across the road surface or preferably only across
  • registering means being able to store the traffic load picture of the road being measured by the activation of the contact members 6 during the measuring period of time.
  • 35- to the improved method of the invention is the strength con ⁇ dition of the existing road and for measuring the same may be used a device which comprises a stand having three sup ⁇ porting legs, which are rested directly on the road surface to be measured while a measuring leg is provided with a steel ball adapted to intrude into the road surface in ⁇ fluenced by a load body which may be supported solely upon the steel ball.
  • steel ball will be indicative of the strength of the sur ⁇ face, and the device comprises a measuring equipment for - regisering this intrusion- epth in respect of the period of time of the strength test.
  • the hardness was determined in a number of points
  • the amount of aggregate that can be retained on the 10. road surface was determined experimentally in a simple dress- ing with the given amount of aggregate. By doing so it is possible to calculate the average void volume in the aggre gate layer.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)

Abstract

Improved process for surface treatment of roads by separately applying a liquid asphalt binder and an aggregate. The improvement consists in that the load distribution of the road is determined before the dosage of the binder and that the dosage of the binder is then effected in accordance with the results of said determination. Measurements for determination of the hardness, the temperature profile during a year and the roughness of the road surface are also carried out in order to more exactly determine the optimal amount of the binder. A device for the measurement of the transverse load distribution is also disclosed.

Description

IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO METHODS AND MEANS FOR MAINTENANCE OF ROAD SURFACES
The present invention relates to a method for carrying out road maintenance works on road surfaces covered by a 5. bitumenous top layer and to means for carrying out the method.
Generally., maintenance works on exis-isting roads can be categorized "in two main classes, viz. a premixed asphalt concrete which is spread out on the roadway and then is
10. compacted with a roller. The invention is concerned with the other class of paving methods wherein a liquid asphalt binder and an aggregate, preferably a crushed stone material, are applied in separate layers to the roadway and then the aggregate is compacted into the binder.
15. A method falling into the latter class is known as a single pass surface treatment or surface dressing, which may be applied to any prepared surface and is frequently applied to existing bituminous paving in order to provide a new and smooth surface and to make the old paving waterproof and
20. hard-wearing. This method usually entails the steps of sweeping the old base in order to remove dirt and other foreign matter and then applying a coat of a liquid asphalt binder to the base, covering the coat of asphalt binder with a layer or course of crushed stone material, rolling the
25. stone material down into the binder until the desired sur¬ face finish is attained, and finally brooming the road sur¬ face to ensure loose surplus stone being removed.
By the dosage of the binder it should be taken into account whether the road generally carries heavy traffic or
30. leightweight traffic only, since it is well known that on a heavily loaded road the binder should be applied at a re¬ stricted rate compared to a light traffic road, because the heavy traffic acts as a heavy roller which, if the binder is applied in a thick layer, will cause the cover" stone mate-
35. rial to get forced through the binder into the substrate and thus make the binder appear on the top surface, where it forms a smooth, compact surface which is generally non- -ideal as a road surface, especially from a skid resistance point of view. Therefore, the binder should be applied -in~-~-r--
Oϊ-'FI
Λ> Vv'IPO « such a thin layer that the stone layer gets bound, but is maintained disintegrated on its top side. On a lightweight traffic road the binder should be applied in a thicker layer for binding the cover layer in a safe manner, with-
5. out loose and dangerous top surface material. Normally the amount of binder lies within the inverval of 0.6-3, pre-
2 ferably 1.5-2 1/m .
In practice the binder is dosed according to a com¬ promise between the requirements of the heaviest loaded
10. road portions, i.e. the normal wheel track portions thereo and the less loaded portions therebetween, and as well known the results is generally dissatisfying in that loose stone material appears on the said less loaded portions wh le the heavy loaded track portions are liable to get black,
15. compact and slippery.
It is the purpose of this invention to provide a method of maintaining the road surface in such a manner that in the final result the various portions of the road show a surface of a substantially optimal and uniform
20. character throughout the width of the road.
The invention is based on the idea that it is in fact possible to detect the load distribution caused by the traffic over the width of the road. This can be done photoelectrically or otherwise. The load distribution
25. effects the dosage of the binder in a differentiated man¬ ner throughout the transverse profile of the road. When thereafter the aggregate material layer is supplied the resulting character of the road will remain uniform and of good quality during a long period of time.
30. According to the invention the binder may be applied to the road surface by means of a moving cross boom pro¬ vided with a.plurality of binder outlet nozzles of indi¬ vidually adjustable capacity, whereby the binder is appli¬ cable simultaneously all over the width of the road or a
35. partial width thereof.
According to another feature of the invention the said load detection may be carried out by a direct regist¬ ration of the load distribution as sensed by guage means mounted for selective load registration across the respo e r c ro n e gu ge me . When the guage means are kept operative during a repre¬ sentative interval of time and the measuring results are caused to be memorized, according to any suitable princip- 5. les, it is possible to thereafter read out the relevant data pertaining to maximum and/or avarage load on the single ' portions of the width of the road at the particular place, and when a measuring place is chosen which is representa¬ tive of a considerable length of the road, the binder can
10. then be applied in the desired crosswise differentiated manner throughout that length of the road. Of course, the measuring equipment which belongs to the present invention, may be so adjusted that the data read-out is usable in a direct manner for the differentiated setting of the capaci-
15. ty of the said binder nozzles in the said preferred binder applicator according to the invention. Preferably the mea¬ suring system is so adapted that it provides for registra¬ tion solely of traffic above a predetermined minimum weight. There is a further parameter which affects the opti-
20. mal binder supply and the uniformity of the final road surface, viz. the rigidity of the old road surface. If this surface is relatively soft it seems desirable to apply a reduced amount of binder, whether generally or still diffe¬ rentiated across the road, and for further perfection,
25- therefore, the invention comprises the possibility of car¬ rying out a real rigidity measurement by pointwise check¬ ing the intrusion effect, in depth and time, of a loaded test member into the road surface, and from this test obtain¬ ing a readable result which is usable as a parameter for the
30. calculation of the required amount of binder. In this connec¬ tion even other parameters such as the ambient temperature should preferably be taken into consideration, and a set of formulae or other claculation aids may be applied for de¬ termining the optimal binder supply. Thus, the invention
35. comprises the use of the said rigidity test as well as the means for carrying out the test in the discussed connection. The invention is described in more detail in the fol¬ lowing, reference being made to the accompanying drawing, in which:- /- UREA
OMPI
<« .<$> Fig. 1 is a top view showing a preferred embodiment o a traffic load measuring device accroding to the invention. Fig. 2 is a side view of the device of Fig. 1. In order to make it possible to determine the correct 5. maintenance programme for a certain road surface to be reno vated by a so-called surface dressing operation it has been found very important to know precisely the actual traffic load picture of- the roadway in question. To this end may be used a measuring band structure as shown in Figs. 1 and
10. 2 and which is mounted stretched out across the road surfac to be examined concerning the traffic load distribution thereon. The band structure shown comprises a rubber mount¬ ing base.plate portion 2 provided with a plurality of mutu¬ ally spaced contact members 6 adapted to be activated by
15. the wheels of the vehicles on the road. In order only to register the heavy traffic load influence on the road the contact members themselves are protected from being actua¬ ted by the less heavy traffic load by .means of hard rubber elements 5 at both sides of the contact members 6. The lat-
20. ter are connected to a multiplex connection box 8 at one end of the band structure by means of flat cables 7 which are protected by a rubber cover plate 3-
The whole measuring band structure is held in correct position across the road surface or preferably only across
25. one half thereof by means of a wire system along the opposite edges of the band structure. The wires 4 are an¬ chored outside the road e.g. as shown by means of parti¬ cular tightening and anchoring means 9 and 10. The measur¬ ing band structure, of course, is connected with suitable
30. registering means being able to store the traffic load picture of the road being measured by the activation of the contact members 6 during the measuring period of time.
. Another important factor to be known in order to plan the maintenance operation of a given road surface according
35- to the improved method of the invention is the strength con¬ dition of the existing road and for measuring the same may be used a device which comprises a stand having three sup¬ porting legs, which are rested directly on the road surface to be measured while a measuring leg is provided with a steel ball adapted to intrude into the road surface in¬ fluenced by a load body which may be supported solely upon the steel ball. The depth of the intrusion of the 5. steel ball will be indicative of the strength of the sur¬ face, and the device comprises a measuring equipment for - regisering this intrusion- epth in respect of the period of time of the strength test.
In accordance with the results of the measuring of
10. the actual crossvise traffic load distribution on the road and the strength test of the road surface it is possible to determine the exact crosswise differentiated dosage of the coat of asphalt binder to be used in the surface dressing operation to ensure optimal effect of the main-
15. tenance operation. Example
Determination of the optimal amount of binder for dressing a road surface.
The hardness was determined in a number of points
20. along the road and during the measurements the tempera¬ tures were registered.simultaneously.
The hardness is disclosed in table I below repre¬ senting the quasistatic intrusion of a steel ball in the substrate (the intrusion is expressed in mm) after 5 and
25- 10 minutes with a load of 40 kp. The quasistatic intru- - sion was converted to dynamic intrusion by means of van der Pools diagramme. The "roughness" of the road surface was determined by a conventional sandpatch method and is shown as diameter expressed in mm (amount of sand used =
30. = 5000 mm3).
Figure imgf000007_0001
The transverse distribution of the traffic load ex¬ ceeding 1 ton was determined.
The distribution in percent is disclosed in Fig. 3-
Through meteorological measurements the temperature 5 - of the road surface was determined hour by hour during one year. In this case temperatures below 20 C have not be considered as these temperatures do not influence the fina result to any appreciable extent.
The amount of aggregate that can be retained on the 10. road surface was determined experimentally in a simple dress- ing with the given amount of aggregate. By doing so it is possible to calculate the average void volume in the aggre gate layer.
The optimal dosage of the binder was determined by 15' the values thus obtained. The result is disclosed in Fig. 3.
OVI

Claims

1. A process for surface treatment of roads by sepa¬ rately applying a liquid asphalt binder and an aggregate, characterized in that the load distribution of the road is determined before the dosage of the binder and that the
5. dosage of the binder thereafter is effected in accordance with the results of the said determination.
2. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse distribution of the traffic load on the road surface is determined and that the binder is applied
10. on the surface in such a way that one applies relatively less binder on heavier loaded portions of the road surface than on the portions of the road surface less loaded.
3. A process according to claim 2, characterized in that when determining the optimal amount of the binder
" 15- the hardness of the road surface is also determined and the influence..of said hardness on the optimal amount of the binder is calculated.
4. A process according to claim 3, characterized in . that when determining the optimal amount of the binder the-
20. temperature profile of the road surface during a year is determined and that the influence of said profile on the optimal amount of the binder is calculated.
5- A process according to claim 4, characterized in that when determining the optimal amount of the binder 25. the roughness of the road surface is also determined and the influence of said roughness on the optimal amount of the binder is calculated.
6. A device for measuring the load distribution according to claim 1, characterized in a base plate (2)
30. provided with a plurality of mutually spaced contact mem¬ bers (6) adapted to be activated by vehicles on a road.
7. A device according to claim 6, characterized in that the contact members (6) are protected from less heavy vehicles by means of hard rubber elements (5) on at least one
35. side of said contact members.
-'g'ϋFs.J- ,
O PI
PCT/SE1980/000020 1979-01-29 1980-01-22 Improvements in or relating to methods and means for maintenance of road surfaces WO1980001578A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE803030678A DE3030678A1 (en) 1979-01-29 1980-01-22 Improvements in or relating to methods and means for maintenance of road surfaces
AT0906480A AT376466B (en) 1979-01-29 1980-01-22 METHOD FOR TREATMENT OF ROADS AND MEASURING DEVICE THEREFOR
DK410980A DK410980A (en) 1979-01-29 1980-09-29 PROCEDURE FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF ROADS AND APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE PRESENTATION OF THE PROCEDURE

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7902994 1979-01-29
GB7902994 1979-01-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1980001578A1 true WO1980001578A1 (en) 1980-08-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1980/000020 WO1980001578A1 (en) 1979-01-29 1980-01-22 Improvements in or relating to methods and means for maintenance of road surfaces

Country Status (14)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS55501151A (en)
AT (1) AT376466B (en)
AU (1) AU527820B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1138243A (en)
CH (1) CH647026A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3030678A1 (en)
DK (1) DK410980A (en)
GB (1) GB2066880B (en)
NL (1) NL8020020A (en)
NO (1) NO151628C (en)
NZ (1) NZ192712A (en)
SE (1) SE418879B (en)
SU (1) SU1118293A3 (en)
WO (1) WO1980001578A1 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1400617A (en) * 1971-07-14 1975-07-16 Trautmann E Repairing of roads surfaces
DE2311928B2 (en) * 1973-03-09 1977-05-12 Pietzsch, Ludwig, Dr.-Ing., 7500 Karlsruhe MEASURING TRANSDUCER FOR DYNAMIC AXLE LOAD MEASUREMENT
DE1952355B2 (en) * 1969-10-17 1977-06-02 Keller, Hartmut, Dipl.-Ing., 5000 Köln; Dehl, Arnold, 5301 Uedorf Weight plate for vehicle axle and wheel measurement - has parallel grooves cut in underside of plate to retain strain gauges to assess loads
DE2448398B2 (en) * 1973-10-10 1977-08-25 Uniroyal Inc., New York, N.Y. (V.St.A.) WEIGHING MAT

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1952355B2 (en) * 1969-10-17 1977-06-02 Keller, Hartmut, Dipl.-Ing., 5000 Köln; Dehl, Arnold, 5301 Uedorf Weight plate for vehicle axle and wheel measurement - has parallel grooves cut in underside of plate to retain strain gauges to assess loads
GB1400617A (en) * 1971-07-14 1975-07-16 Trautmann E Repairing of roads surfaces
DE2311928B2 (en) * 1973-03-09 1977-05-12 Pietzsch, Ludwig, Dr.-Ing., 7500 Karlsruhe MEASURING TRANSDUCER FOR DYNAMIC AXLE LOAD MEASUREMENT
DE2448398B2 (en) * 1973-10-10 1977-08-25 Uniroyal Inc., New York, N.Y. (V.St.A.) WEIGHING MAT

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK410980A (en) 1980-09-29
GB2066880A (en) 1981-07-15
DE3030678A1 (en) 1982-02-11
ATA906480A (en) 1984-04-15
AU5490780A (en) 1980-08-07
NO802856L (en) 1980-09-26
AU527820B2 (en) 1983-03-24
SE418879B (en) 1981-06-29
NZ192712A (en) 1983-09-02
CA1138243A (en) 1982-12-28
NO151628B (en) 1985-01-28
CH647026A5 (en) 1984-12-28
AT376466B (en) 1984-11-26
SU1118293A3 (en) 1984-10-07
GB2066880B (en) 1983-06-02
SE8100969L (en) 1981-02-12
NO151628C (en) 1985-05-08
JPS55501151A (en) 1980-12-18
NL8020020A (en) 1981-03-31

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