USRE997E - Improvement in manufacture of paper-pulp - Google Patents

Description

New York, useful Im 1 rotary boilers,

- ll' [I are two passages which neys leading from the Sinccs yM areholcs (closed with plugs "UNITED STATES'- GARD-.Nllt HOWLNI) AND JOSEPH I3. lA-LSE PAT-ENT Ormea.

n, or roar EDWARD, NEW

YORK.

Specification forming p nrt of Letters Patent To all whom t mayl concern:

13e it known that we, GARDNER IIowLAND and Josnrn B. PALsnR, ot' Fort Edward, in 'the county of' Washington, in the State o1' have invented certain new and proveinents in the Manufacture oi' laper Pulp from Straw and other Fibrous Materials; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereoi', reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making apart of this specification, in whichy Figure l is ay side view, Fig. View; Fig. 3, a longitudinal sectie a transverse section. v

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts'in the several figures.

Our apparatus consists of a re\ferbcratory furnace upon which stand side by side two each inclosed in a separate en- Y velopc, the whole being crowned with two iron vats, one over each boiler.'

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention, we will proceed to de scribe its construction and operation.

In the accoml'ianying drawings, A A isthe reverberatory furnace; I3, the lire-bridge; G, Jthe lire-place.; l) D and E E', the tire-doors; IWF', ash or draft openings; `G,G and G' G', doors to the rcverberatory furnace, and may be closed J Jarc two rota-ry o iron vats above 'tlm boil- L are brick, which'inclose the boilers and support the 'vats ,K K. M M M' M are spaces between thc envelot'xts and the boilers, forming a ilue4 fN .N aiechirn- Mfflil M' into the open air, througnA the rats 0 0 P, and'O O' 1l are .doors giving access to the spaces M M MM'. The sills oi'these doors are a few inches higher than the iloorof the spaces M M M M', and these floors are raised at QQ' to prevent liquids ruiming into the an end n d. n, Iilg. 4,

by the sliding valves I l'. boilers; K K', tw ers. L L and L' oven or reverberatory furnace below. The doors G G- G' G' are l'iigher than the iioor ot' the furnace A A for the same reason. Part ofthe bottoms ofthe vats K K are made cyl'indricalto encircle the boilers, and from `the upper part of the boiler-envelope R R R'R through which No. 24, July 3, 1860.

484, dated June 2l, 1G59; Reissue No. 997, dated the-liquid is dropped `from the vat-s over the rotary boilers. Inside the walls which scparate the two boilers are a'lougitudinal sage, s s, and apipe, T, For warming air and. water, respectively. Air is forced by a blow'- ing-engine through pipe U and passage s s. At the other end'ot this passa-ge the air goes through a pipe, V, and branch pipes WV W W' lV', and escapes through a number of small holes intothe liquid contained in the vats, i'or the purpose of accelerating its `evaporation. r:lhe pipe T leads from areservoir oi' water or other liquid placed on a higher level than both rotary boilers, and it permits such liquids to be warmed when needful in their passage through this pipe. The pipe T is divided into two branch pipes, a and a','eacl1 of which turns into one of the boilers through y stalling-boxes in the journal, and is provided' with a faucet, c c'. The pipe T T' and branches a e', are used to lill the boilers with water or other liquids. At the outer end of the boilers pipes b b' enter therein throughjournals n n'. These pipes are divided lengthwise 'into two pipes, V V and u a', by partitions. (Shown in Fig. 2.) The pipes VV are intended for and are unitedy together by a' pipe, d d,provided with faueetsfj". On the pipe d d' is a branch pipe, c, on which a sa1f`etyvalve and a. steamvgage may be placed. The pipes d d' and o o" are united with the upper portions or steam-chambersoi'l the boilers by pipes h li',- also liquid portions by U and S. The pipes u u' are used to empty the boilers from liquids. These pipes extend to the lowest parts of the boilers by pipes S S', and the liquids which are forced out through them may be sent into the vais K K' through pipes k' lc', or may be discharged Ainto the gutter through pipes 'i i'. f

The pipes li l1. ands s are separated from the stock7 in the boiler by the. perforated partitionsppp'p', and thus they cannot be broken `or even bent by the pressure ol' the revolving stock,nor can rthey bel closed by solid matters accidentally ioreed into them. The partition p p' serves also as a strainer to retain the stock in its own apartment and yet permit the drawing ofi" of all the liquid matters at any desiredtime during the operation hereinafter to be described. A

pas-

furnace.

ficiently to leavevroom for manholes 1' r', and,

' m', ot' each of the rotary boilers and a large portion of their surfaces are enveloped by the The other end, n a', projects out sut" as a consequence, the journals at thisend are supported on aframe, qq', separated from the furnace.` The other end Works in boxes built in the walls ofthe furnace itself'.

The straw is first cut into suitable lengths, subjected to a winnowing process to cleanse it from dirt&c., and then crushed between a pair of iron rollers. It is now ready to be acted upon by boiling. l

One of the boilers, J, having been emptied of its contents during the time the other, d',

was boiling, (and this boiling underhi gh pressure being just completcd,) thin gs are ready for tnother operation, which is conducted as folows: l

First. The boiler J is filled with straw or other substance to be boiled th rough the manhole 'r, which is then closed. 4

Second; The pipe T is lconnected with the reservoir of liquid, and by opening the faucet c the necessary quantity flows into the boiler J, and the faucet is then closed.

Third. The valve l is closed and valve I is open, and thus fire-heat is transferred from v boiler J to boiler J.

v heat alone. It alsoassists in coolingthe boiler J', both of these effects being produced with an economy of time, labor, and fuel. Another important advantage of this discharge of the steam from oneboiler into the other is that the steam by the boiling process becomes charged, more or less, with alkaline matter, which is carried over and mixed with the contents of the other boiler. A saving of alkali and of the heating thereof is thereby effected.

Fifth. The faucetl' is opened, and the steam remaining in the' boiler J f forces up the exhausted liquid into the vat placed above the boiler, after'which the faucet is closed.

Sixth. The plugs are drawn out offthc holes It R and the liquid previously raised to the vat is discharged in suitable quantities at a timeI upon the top of the boiler that is immediately below.4 The exterior of this boiler becomes instant-ly enveloped by the descending liquid,

parts of which, by contact with the upper surface of the boiler, are scattered and' dash against the surrounding walls, and thus coats them also. The result is thata rapid and extensive evaporation of the liquid takes place,

being brought about by the dashing of the liquid upon the boiler and .surrounded heated wallsas aforesaid. It is 'requisite that `the heated surfaces'of these parts shouldbe cooled as rapidly as possible in order that a new charge of material may be placed within the boiler. The descending liquid thickens bythe evaporation and falls into the basin g, where' it is collected and soon becomes viscous. This method ot' cooling the boiler and also evapo- -rating the liquid refuse presents an importantV advantage in the economy of time and fuel. Seventh. The pipe T is adjusted to the reservoir of water to wash the materials in the boiler J, which are finally emptied through the manhole. l j

Eighth. After boiling has been going on for the requisite time in the boiler J, the liquid from the preceding operation in g g has become viscous, and is pushed over i), into A A, where the iniiammable matters take tire and the boiling proceeds with the heat produced by them, the tire in grate C being kept as low as possible-in fact, the only reason for keeping it up at all is to avoid the trouble of rekindling it for beginning the next operation. In such operations as the boiling of rags, 81e., there is no residuum to burn. Y

The oven or furnace would then be reduced to a line, and the vats K K suppressed, except f the strength of the liquor used was so sufficient that, by recovering its alkali, the expense of evaporating it would be repaid..

' In the manufacture of pulp from straw and other fibrous materials, we employ sixty gallons of caustic alkali of a strength indicating from 3%@ to 313@ Baume to every one hundred pounds ofthe cut straw. The alkaline mixture and straw having been placed in the steam-boiler andl the man-hole in the latter closed, tire is applied below, and a pressure of from one hundred and ten pounds to one huudred and thirty pounds per square inch is raised, the boiler lbeing constantly but slowly rotatedand the stock within the boiler bc= ing th-u's kept in gentle agitation. The pressure and the operation are continued for from three to four hours, or until the gummy, resinous, or other matters which are 4'combined 'with lthe fiber are destroyed or carbonized and the fiber freed from said substances.

We do not claim, broadly, the boiling of straw and other materials in alkalinesolutions

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