USRE9653E - Paper-perforating machine - Google Patents

Description

4 Sheets-Sheet 1- R. 'I '.'SMITH. Paper Perforating Machine.

No. 9,653. Reissued April 12,1881;

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R. T. SMITH. Paper Perforating Machine.

No. 9,653. Reissued April 12, 188i.

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R. SMITH. Paper Perforating Machine.

Reissued April 12, 1881.

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E T ,I M S T R Paper Perforating Machine.

Reissued Apri| 12, 1.881.

I RoswflLTmuu $nxlflu Mam UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROSWEIJL T. SMITH, OF NASHUA, NEW HAMPSHIREQ PAPER-PERFORATING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Reissued. Letters Patent No. 9,653, dated. April 12,1881.

I I Original NOIQQQSGG, dated January 2'1, 1880. Application for reissue filed October 26, 1880.

1'0 aZh/Jhom it may concern -Be it known that I, RoswnLr. TENNY SMITH, of Nashua, in the county otHillsborough and State of New Hampshire, have invented an Improvement in Machines for Perforating Paper for Automatic M-usical Instruments, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to mechanism for outtin g the mu sic-paper used in automatic organs and it consists in a certain novel combination and arrangement of mechanical elements opcrating automatically, by which the open spaces in the paper sheet, indicating the'musical notation, may be formed after any desired the several combinations of sounds depending upon the relative arrangement and the indi yidual length of each of said perforations. As the possible arrangements are infinite in numher, it follows that there is no limit to the number of musical compositions which can be rendered by any single instrument, except the cost of supplying the inusic-paper. This single item is entitled to serious consideration .in

v'iew of the fact that at present these musicsheets are cut by hand--a fact which greatly increases their cost. Moreover, as their production is-a work requiring a high .degree of accuracy and care, it is almost impossible to avoid slighterrors which may affect the bar- -mony.

B y my invention these objections are wholly overcome, since my machine will not only cut any given arrangement of note-perforations with mathematical accuracy,'but will also perform the work at a-very low cost.

' Referring to the drawings, which'form part of this applicatiom'Figure l is aperspective view of the machine in which my invention is embodied. 'Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof, taken from the right-hand side of the machine. Fig. 3 is a plan view. Fig. 4 isa section taken upon the line a; m in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a View,

partly in section and partly in elevatiom-taken upon the line 313 in Fig. 3, the front rolls being removed. from the machine- Fig. 6 is a vertical longitudinal section taken upon the line 2 2, Fig. 4, part of the mechanism being broken away.

The same letters and numbers indicate like parts in all the figures.

A A indicate the frame of the machine, in which the operative parts are supported. Near the upper and rearward portion of this frame is placed a roll, B, which carries the blank sheet of paper upon which the machine is to operate. This roll is journaled in the frame A A, and is arranged to turn easily and deliver the paper as fast'as it is required.

At the front of the machine and near its top are placed two rolls, 0 C, so arranged that their tangent-line shall be in about the same plane with the lower side of roll 13. The up per of these two rollsvia, C--is jonrnaietl in pivoted bearings cc, by means of which the two rolls may be separated from contact with each-other for the purpose of introducing or removing the paper sheet, the pivoted bear ing-plates'c 0 being connected to the frame A A by spiral springs d d, hooked into an eye upon the plates. These springsexert a suitici ent pressure upon the lower roll to insure the uniform and accurate feed of the paper sheet D, which passes between them. 'iiioiiijit is imparted to these feeding-rolls by means of a pawland-ratchet movement connected. with the main shaft of the machine, (see Figs. :2 and 5,) which will be described hereinafter.

Between the two rolls 0 U and the roll B is placed a guide-bed, B, (see Fig. 4,) having flanged sides a e, the width of the bed E, in-

side the flanges, bein g justequal to the width of the pa-per sheet D, which, in passing from the roll B to the feed-rolls, moves between.

the flanges e e, by 'which all lateral displace ment is prevented, thereby causing the sev eral series of perforations to be out exactiy parallel to eachotber and to the edges of the sheet.' V

The cutting-punches are placed behind and near the feed-rolls. They consist each of a straight rectangular block of metal, 1, (sec Fig. 4,) arranged in a series which is precisely parallel to the axes of the'feed-rolls QC. The distance between the several punches-is equal to the space left between the rows of perforations in thepmsic-sheet, and their number is equal to the number of rows to-- be cut; and this may, of. course, be varied, if desirable.

I will here remark, also, that in the drawings accompanying this application I'have shown two (2) punches only with their connected mechanism, since to illustrate a greater number would be merely a reduplicaition of these parts and unnecessary to the disclosureof the invention. a

The punchesl out upon their upwardmovement, passing through a continuation, E, of the guide-bed E, and then into a die-plate, I

. placed just above the bed E, the paper sheet,

. as it is fed to the punches,

I passing between the said bed-plate and die-plate. ,Now, it is evident that if the entire s'eriesof punches should act at each stroke of the prime motor (the paper sheet being fed,between the suc hessive strokes, a distance nearly equal to the thickness of the punches) the result .would-be merely a sheet having a series of strips cut therefrom at regular intervals, whereasit is' necessary that some of the cuts shall be very short, while others are of considerable length,

their relative arrangement also being veryirregular. It follows, therefore,-'that out of the whole series of punches certain selected members thereof must be called into operation at any given stroke,'t he remainingpunches being at the fsame time inactive, leaving that portion fof the "paper sheet which lies above them unperforated. This selecting out of the entire series of the particular punches required to act at a particular point and the rejection by the mechanism of the remaining punches must be automatic and mathematically accurate. 'I will now describe the means by which I acin a single row or series andplaced behind and-parallel with the feed-rolls G G. Each punch is capable of separate and independent operation, being in no way connected with the adjacent punches. When not in operation they rest beneath the die plate F, their upper or cutting extremities being a trifle below the upper surface of the bedp'late E, in which positionthey are sustained bya tooth, 2, formed on each punch, which rests on the guide-plate T. Directly beneath the punches is placed a series of dogs, 3. mounted upon a carrienframe, M,

to which vertical reciprocation is imparted at each revolution of the main shaft 0 by means of eccentrics N Nand pitmen N N. The

carrier-frame is guided in its movement by' grooves VV cutin the frame A A.

Each dog 4, and is proforward and is mounted upon a pivot-bearing, videdwith an arm, Hyextending 1 having at its ektremity a pin, 5. Each dog is also. provided with a spring, 6, pressing upon the rear face of the dog and holding it, when not otherwise acted upon, in a verticalposh tion. .When in this position the dogs 3 are directly beneath and in engagement'wi-th the punches 1. If the machine is now operated through a partial revolution of the main shaft-,- t

the carrier M will rise, carrying the dogs 3 up with it and driving thetwhole series of punches upward at the same moment, forming a series of perforations in the paper sheet D 'corre sponding with the whole number of punches.

Upon the front of the machine, anddirectly'f under the ends of the arms'H, is K, journaled in plates-8 8, which are secured to the frame A. This roll is provided with a placed a rollseries of openings, 9 9, so formed and arranged that thepins 5 upon the extremities of the arms H may drop into said'openings'when the arms are depressed sufnciently to bring the dogs 3 under and into engagement with the punches 1.

Over the roll K", which is rotated by means hereinafter described, is led a sheet, L, of paper or other suitable material, said sheet passing from a lower delivering-roll, K, placed in standards I Lin-front of the machine, and being taken up after leaving the roll K by'a receiving-roll, K.. This sheetpwhich is. called the stencil, is provided with a series of perforations havinga fixed relation in length, and in their relative positions with the cuttings which are to be formed in the paper sheet.D Itha's also arack' cut uponor near its edges,

to engage-with cogs or teeth-10 upon the ends of the roll K". When the sheet is placed thereon, with the teeth or cogs 10 engaging with said rack, the several rows or series of perforations will coincide in position with the openings!) 9 of the roll. Now, as the stencil-sheet is fed forward by the rotation of the roll K, the moment that any one ormore of the perforations therein fallsbeneath one or more of the pins5 it will permit such pino'r pins to drop through and descend into the openings in the roll, thereby depressing the arms Hand bringing the 'corresponding dogs under and in engagement.

to be in engagement with the dogs, in the manner described, are driven up through the paper, each punch forming a-single cut therein. The carrier-frame M immediatelydescends, drawingall thosev punches which have been called .,,into operation down'with it by means of a yoke, 12, attached to the carrierframe and passing over a series of teeth, 2, formed upon the backs ofthe punches. In the-same manner "the whole, or any number less than the, whole, series of punches can be made to cut at the same instant, the selection of those punches which are required to act at any given point being indicated by the stencil-perforations and effected bythe arms Hand the dogs 3.

After each stroke'of t'hepnnches the paper sheet D and sten'ci'l L must be fed one step forward in preparation for the successive stroke.

Before the stencil moves, however, all-of those pins 5 which happen to register with its per forat'ions must be lifted out of the openings in the roll and out of contact with the stencil, to prevent the pins from catching in the ends of the cut spaces as the feed'inovemen't takes place, and thereby tearing the stencil. For this reason the arms H must be lifted far enough to raise all the pins above the stencil the next stroke.

until the feed is accomplished, when the whole series must be released to allow those pins which register with perforations after the feed to drop into the openingsin the stencil-roll,

and thereby cause their dogs to engagewith series of arms H'far enough to lift the pins 5 slightly ahovethe stencil. The cam a. acts between every stroke of the punches, the arrangement being such that the yoke 13 is operated and the arms H raised an instant before the feed of the stencil begins. The moment this is completed the cam leaves the lever P, which is restored to its former position by a spring,p causing theyoke to release the dogs, when as many of the pins 5 asmay happen, after the feed movement, to register with perforations in the stencil will fall into the openings in the roll and cause the cor responding dogs to en gage with those punches which arereqnired to out upon the next stroke.

The remaining'pins of the series will rest upon the imperforated portions of the stencil, and

.thereby prevent their dogs from engaging with those punches which are to remain inactive.

It should be noted that the same pin may many times successively be lifted out of and fall into the same perforation in the stencil, in

which case the punch corresponding will cut j at every stroke, forming (as each feed movement is slightly less thanthe thickness of the punch) a continuous cut or slot in the paper sheet D. The length of suchcut will depend upon the number of successive strokes made bythe same punch, and-this will be determined by the length of the perforation in the stencil.

The feed of the paper sheet D is either ex-* actly equal to or bears a certain fixed relation to the movement of the stencil-sheet L. The paper sheet is fed by the rolls (J G, their motion being derived from the main shaft by a pawl-and-ratchet movement connected with the lower roll. This consists of a pitman, a, attached to a crank on the-shaft O, which said pitman operates a pawl, b engaging with a ratchet-wheel on the lower roll-shaft. The pawl is carriedby an arm, d oscillating on the same shalt,- and 'said arm is provided with an eye, 6, through which the pitman passes, the end portion of the latter being-threaded and provided with-nuts f f (one on each side of the "eye,) by which the movement of the arm,.and consequently -the' thro\v ot' the pawl, can be regulated at pleasure. I can, by these devices,adjust the rate of feed with the greatest precision. i

A similar combination of'devices is'used, in connection with the rod K, to feed the stencil-sheet, the great advantage thereof being that the entire feed movementis accomplished during the time that the prime. motor is performing a short are of its circle of revolution. Thus the paper sheet and stencil are station- ,ary during nearly the whol of each revolution of the main shaft, allowing the other parts of the mechanism ample time to perform their functions without interfering with the feed.

It is evident, also, as already stated, that by these means the feed of both thestencil and the paper sheet can he so adjusted as to be exactly equal to or bear a certain fixed proportion to each other.

To. secure the accurate performance of all these functions itis of the greatest importance that the stencil-sheet shall pass over the sten- 'cil-roll l at a fixed rate of speed from which there shall be no deviation, cxceptingas caused by adjustment of the feed-regulating devices.

In order to secure this fixed and accurate feed- To insure the .unifo1'm engagement of the cogs with the rack, and also for the purpose of securin g the greatest precision in the action 'rro' ofthe dogs 3, it is necessary to apply some degree of tension to the stencil-sheet,by which it shall be drawn smoothly against and snugly 1 dpto the stencil-roll. This degree of tension,

moreover, being once fixed, must 'sufl'er but lit 'tle deviation, and I have devised the following simple and effective means for applying.

such tension:

The stencil is led roll, K, journaled in pivoted -frame, S, to

or drawn from a deliverypermit the roll to oscillate. 1n the end of'said roll is placed a short threaded bearing, having a head which rests against the outer surface ofthejournal-supportingplatesS. Byturning this threaded shaft the end of the roll maybe made to hug the plate, and thus any desired amount of friction can be created. As the stencil is drawn oti' this roll by the revolution of the roll K, the amount of 'frictionwhich must be overcomain order tdrevolve the roll Ki will determine the tension of thestencilsheet. In order to overcome this friction, as well as to secure an accurate engagement of the cogs with the 'rack cut in the stencil, it is desirable that the receiving-roll K should ex- ]erta certain degree of draft upon the sheet to prevent the cogs from tearing out of the rack and to hold thesheet down upon the top of the roll. The roll Kthereforereceives motion from a pulley upon the ma-inshat't geared bya belt with a pulley, L upon its own shaft. This pulley is placed loosely upon the roll shaft and clam ped against a collar, 1 fastened thereon by'a nut, L By tightening'this nut the pulley may be made to exert a certain degree of draftupon the stencil-sheet; butb'eyond that point it will slip on its, shaft without increasing the tension of the sheet. This result is necessary, because the. pulley L travels somewhat faster than the stencil is fed. By this frictionbrake the draft of the roll- K can be regulated in'proportion to the resistance of the-rollK and the tension -produced by the roll K. Iii-should be so adjusted that the roll K and the roll K shall both contribute .5

to overcome the resistance of the roll K; One

. greatadvantage of this form of friction-brake "is drawn from the roll B is that the tension produced by it is constant, since the pulley is at each instant slipping upon its shaft-,jand at eachinstant also exerting the required amount" of tension on the stencil necessary to overcome the degree of friction produced by the clamp nut, this degree being nearly the same.

I have already stated that the paper sheet is. fed bya pawl-and-ratchet movement connected with the main shaft. Exactly the same combination of elements is ,employedto impart motion to the roll K" which feeds the stencil-sheet; his not necessary, therefore, to give a detailed description of the latter.

Both stencil and paper sheet are fed by dcfices-conuected with the main shaft, but not acting at the same moment, as the feed movement "of the-stencil precedes that of the paper sheet by an instant of time. As the sheet D it is apt to have a tremulous. vibration, which has a tendency to' produce fine wrinkles in its surface. This is 1 readily overcome by laying a light weight on that part of the sheet which lies between the flanges cc of the'xguidebed E and fastening said weight to the frame A A, so thatthe pavper may slide beneath it. A simple bar of wood is suflicientfor'this purpose',an( l such a device is illustrated in Fig. 4. v

Instead of the springs 6, I may use spiral springs 14, connected to the under side of arms H and to the frame M, as seen in Fig. 4. Also,

instead of the dogs-5 being mounted upon a pivot bearing or support in the carrier-frame M, they may be caused to slide in grooves cut in said frame, in which case the arms H would engage with the stencil-roll upon the side of the roll'next to the frame M, instead of upon the top of the roll. Moreover, by merely altering the angle between the arms H and dogs 3 their'operation may be partially reversed,

the dogs engaging with the punches when the arms H rest upon the stencil-sheet, and being disconnected from the punches when the pins 5 drop into the openings in the roll. Finally, the arms H, instead of being lifted by ayoke, 13, may be raised either by a cam-shaft placed beneath the arms or by a stationary plate placedin frontof said arms in such a position that as the carrier-flame M descends the arms shall be lifted by striking the plate, while the arms shall, as they rise, merely tilt the plate.'

In operating my machine I ordi'narily'pass from eight (8) to twelve (12) sheets between the feed-rolls O 0 simultaneously, as the machine works better upon a number of sheets thanupon a single thickness. When several sheets are fed the number ot rolls 3 is correspondingly increased, each roll delivering a single sheet. For this purpose the frame A A may be extended toward the rear as faras may be necessary to give roon 'for the additional rolls. The stencil-sheet may also be passed between two rolls similar to feed-rolls O 0, instead of being wound off the roll K, and in like manner may be drawn oil the stencil-roll K by two similar rolls, instead of be ing wound on the roll K.

'Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by ,L'ettersP-atent of the United States, is

1.. In a machine for cutting music-paper for automatic organs, the combination of a series of independent punches or cutters and a corresponding series of dogs mounted upon a re ciprocating support and having reciprocating motion and adapted to select at each recipro- .cation those punches required to actand to engage with and drive said selected punches, the proper selection. being indicated by a" stencil or patternrsl'ieet, as set forth.

2. The combination, in said machine, of a series of punches or cutters having independent operation, a corresponding series of dogs mounted on a reciprocatingsupport and adapted at each reciprocation to automatically select, engagewith, and operate those punches which are required to act, a separate pattern-- sheet or stencil having openings of diiferent lengths and varied arrangement, and adjustable feeding devices to regulate the motion of said stencil, as setforth.

3. The combination, in said machine, of a series of punches or cutters, a. corresponding series of dogs mounted upon a reciprocating support and having torwardly-projectin g arms provided with pins adapted to engage with and operate said punches, a pattern or stencil to indicate and determine the time of the relative action of said dogs,- and a support for thestencil, having openings adapted to receive the ends of the arms after their passage through the stencil-sheet, as set forth. f

4. The combination, with the feed-rolls O 0, provided with suitable mechanism for imparting motion thereto, of the series of independent punches 1, a correspondiggand distinctly separate series of dogs, 3, having arms H, a

punches 1, corresponding series of dogs 3,

springs 6, arms H, reciprocating frame M, and yoke 13, ofthe cam-lever P, stencil L, and

. roll KL, having openings, as set-forth.

8. In a paper-perforating machine, the combination, with the stencil-roll, of a discharge-' roll from which said stencil is taken, a takeup roll upon which it is wound, an'adjustable friction device by which the tension of the stencil may be regulated, a series of teeth on the steucil-roll entering apertures in the stencil to prevent slipping, and the series of arms H and dogs 3, which select and operate the punches, as set forth.

9. In a paper-perforating machine, the combination, with the main shaft, of feed-rolls G G, a pitman, a", connected to a pawlandratchet feed on the shaft of roll'O, a stencilroll; K, pitman a and a pawl-and-ratchet feed on the shaft of said stencil-roll, each pitman being connected to the pawl-carrier by adjustable stops, whereby the throw of the pawl. may be regulated and the feed of the. rolls 0 O and the stencil-roll K may be adjusted separately, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

.10. lhe combiuation,in a paper-perforating machine, of a series of independent punches, a series of dogs indtgpendently mouuteg upon a vertically-reciproc ting support and a apted to engage automatically with and to drive said punches, a series of arms formed on and projecting from saidldogs over a roll having openings formed the ein, a series of pins pro jectiug from said a ms, and a stencil-sheet ,having a pattern coi isisting of openings of varied length and arrangement passing over said roll and adapted to support the pins upon its imperforate surface, and thereby hold the dogs out of engagement with their punches, or to permit said pins to drop through the perforations into the openings of the roll, thereby bringing the dogs into engagement with the punches, in the manner set forth,

-11. In a paper-pertbratin g machine, the combination of a roll having openings to which a fixed rate of speed is applied, a stencil or pattern sheet supported on said roll, a series of 'arr'ns which rest on said stencil, and as it is fed forward drop through its perforations into the openings in the roll, a corresponding sesies of dogs connected with said arms and mounted on a vertically-reciprocating frame beneath the punches,a yoke to lift the arms above the stencil, and thereby disengage all the dogs from the punches during the feed of the sheet, and cam and lever to retract said yoke, as set forth.

-12. The combination, with the stencil-roll K, its ratchet-feed, and devices for regulating thesame, of the take up roll K, pulley L friction-clamp L, and belt-gearing K, as set forth 13. A paper-perforating machine consisting of. feed-rolls O O, punches 1,-yoke n 'n', dogs 3, arms H, having pins 5, yoke 13, cam-lever P, carrier M, stencil-roll K", having openings, as described, rolls K K, and stencilsheet L, all combined as and for the purpose set forth.

14. The combination, in a perforating-machine, .of a series-of independent punches, a series of dogs adapted to engage with and to operate said punches, a pattern-sheet repre-. senting the relative length and arrangement of the sound-openings to be formed in the paper sheet, and by whichthe automatic selection-of the punches is effected, and a feeding apparatus whereby a step-by-step movement-is imparted to the paper sheet, each feedmovement being of such length I that those punches havingrepeated action may cut an opening adapted to give a continuous sound, instead'of a series of separate sound-openings, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

15. The combination, in said machinefof a series ofpunches orcuttersehaving independent operation, a corresponding series of dogs adapted to automatically select, engage with,

.andoperate those punches which are required to act,-a separate pattern-sheet or-Istencil having openings of different length and irregular arrangemennand feeding devices to regulate the motion of said stencil, substantially as set forth.

-In testimony whereof I have signed my name to the foregoing specification in the presence of two attesting witnesses.

ROSWELL TENN'Y SMITH. in presence of-- O. E. P. SMITH,

L. 12. TLLDEN.

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