USRE9493E - William h - Google Patents

Description

W. H. WHEELER. Assignor to Tm; Ecmrsm Wmmnm. Gmnmm=- W i n d m i ll Reissued Dec WITNESSES E ATTORNEY N. PETERS. Mlhlrlfhlr, Wm B. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WVILLIAM H. lVHEELER, OF BELOIT, WVISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO THE ECLIPSE WVINDMILL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

WINDMILL.

/ SPECIFICATION forming part of Reissued Letters Patent No. 9,493, dated December 7, 1880.

Original No. 156,195, dated October 20, 1874. Application for reissuefiled November 20, 1879.

To all whom it may concern: the weight, the wheel would not be deflected Be itknown that I, WILLIAM H. WHEELER, at all, but. would continue to work with its of Beloit, in the county of Rock and State of face presented to the full force of the air-enr- WVisconsin, have invented a certain new and rents, and when, on the other hand, the wind 5 useful Improvement in Windmills; and I do became strong enough to overcome the resist- 55 hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, ance of the weight, the wheel, if it began to and exact description of the same, reference veer at all, would at once veer through the being'had totheaccompanyingdrawings,formwhole range of its lateral movement, and, if ing'part of this specification, in whichpermitted to do so, go out of action altogether 1o Figurel is a perspective view of the appaby assuming a position parallel to the tail- 6o ratus complete; Fig. 2, a partial top View, vane. 5 showing chiefly the counter-weight; and Fig. The principle of my invention, so far as re- 3, a partial side view. lates to this part of it, may be stated as fol- Similar letters of reference in the several lows, viz: so constructing this class of windfigures. denote the same parts. mills that the force with which thewheel re- 65 The first part of this invention relates to sists the deflecting action of the wind upon it that class of mills which have a revolving vershall varyin direct proportion to the distance tical wind-wheel and a pivoted tail-vane so of said wheelfrom its normal position at right constructed and operating that the wheel is angles to the line of the tail-vane.

2o thrown out of action by swinging it around The advantage of so constructing the mill 7o laterally till its plane of rotation comes paris, that when a slight deflection of the wheel allel to the plane of the tail-vane and in line will sufficiently relieve it this deflection will with the direction of the wind, while as the of itself increase the resisting force till it balwind abates a weight tends to restore the ances the deflecting force, and the two equal wheel to its normal position for action. In forces, acting in opposite directions upon the 7 5 this class of wind-wheels the usual mode of wheel, will hold' it steadily in the exact posioperation is either to swing or turn the head tion required. If, then, the wind decreases, laterally, so as to bring the face of the wheel the resisting force will overcome the deflectslightly oblique to the wind, whereupon the ing force and the wheel will swing into the wind, having the proper leverage upon the wind till the two forces balance each other 80 wheel, will force it around laterally till its again, and, in like manner, if the wind inplane of rotation comes substantially parallel creases, the deflecting force will overcome the to the plane of the tail-vane, in which position resisting force and will swing the wheel out of the Wheel is no longer capable of action, or the wind till the two forces balance each other,

else to move the tail-vane slightly out of line The wheel thus automatically adjusts itself to 85 with the wind, whereupon the wind, if strong, the varying force of the wind, so as to run will swing thewhole head so as to bring the regularly with substantially uniform speed tail-vane in line with the wind again and bring and power, using the full effective force of the the wheels slightly oblique to the wind, and wind, but preserving itself from accident and 40 then, having the proper leverage upon the injury in case of gales or sudden squalls. 0 wheel, will force it around laterally out of ae- The means by which I prefer to apply this tion in the same manner as above described. principle inpractice consist in combiningwith When the wind sufficiently abates, the weight, the wind-Wheel and'pivoted tail-vane a weight overcoming the deflecting force, restores the of varying resistance to counteract the deflecwheel at once to its normal position for action, tion of the wheel; and this part of my invenwith its axis in line with and its face at right tion consists, first, in the application of the angles to the tail-vane. lVheels ofthis class principle to said class of windmills; and, sec- I have heretofore been liable to the objection ondly, in the mechanical devices by which that in their operation, when the wind was said principle is so applied.

50 not strong enough to overcome the gravity of The second part. of my invention consists in combining with the pivoted tail-vane a weight or weighted arm arranged at one'side of the vertical and horizontal axes of the wind-wheel, for the purpose of counteracting the lateral strain upon the vertical axis of the wind-wheel y when the latter is carried obliquely to the wind; and the third part of the invention consists in combining the wind-wheel, tail-vane, and weight or weighted arm with a sector, substantially as herein set forth.

In the acoompan ying drawings the vertical axis of the wind-wheel is shown composed of a head, D, with a tube, E, projecting from its under side. It is supported upon the tower or standard H so as to rotate freely byinserting the tube in the lateral brackets O, the upper bracket serving as a guide and the lower one as a step for the tube.

A is the wind-wheel, and 13 its shaft, hav- 2o ing bearings in the upright O of the vertical axis in front of the tube.

G is the wind-vane or wind-gage, projecting laterally from the vertical axis, and F is the main vane or rudder, pivoted or hinged to the head in rearof the tube E, as shown, and provided with a grooved segment, L, at its pivoted point above the head.

The segment is provided with stops upon its under side-one to arrest its lateral movement toward the side vane when it has reached a position parallel therewith, as hereinafter described, and the other to arrest its return movement when its longer axis is in line with the axis of the wind-wheel.

N is the pitman for transmitting the power of the wheel, connected by a wrist-pin to the disk B of the wheel-shaft. It is made angular transversely and extends down through the tube E, being guided in its movements by a bracket, 0, attached to the tower, and an collar, N; adapted to slide freely upon the pitman. The cord also passes through an opening in the bottom of the table near the open ing through which the pitman works.

By constructing the pitman in angular form transversely and guiding it through a corresponding opening in the bottom. of the tube, and by connecting the operating-cord to a collar adapted to slide but not to rotate upon the pitman, such cord is prevented from being twisted or wound upon the pitman by the rotation of the vertical axis.

P? is the operating-rod, extending upward through the lowerbrackeuand provided wit-l1 a lateral forked clutch, P, to embrace the V grooved collar. This rod is guided by an eye,

P, running loosely upon the vertical rod P connecting the two lower brackets. v

I is a weighted lever, pivoted at one end to an upright, K, arranged upon the head D at one side of both the tube E and horizontal axis of the wind-wheel. This arm is provided at its pivoted point with a grooved sector, K, and to its front end a cord, K is secured, so as to extend back within the groove and fasten to the corner or edge of the segment. By this means the weighted arm is connected to the tail-vane eccentrically to its major axis, and is also arranged eccentrically to the vertical and horizontal axes of the wind-wheel.

The are of the sector is so arranged with reference to the weighted arm and standard K as to guide the cord or chain K within the groove. of the" arc and segment of the tailvane as such are and segment are turned on their pivot-s. In its normal position the arm that supports the weight inclines downward and outward, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, so that any force which raises the weight toward a horizontal position proportionately increases its leverage and the power which it exerts upon the wind-wheel by means of the sector and cord.

When the wind,becoming a little too strong, begins to deflect-the wheel, the movement of the wheel raises the weight, increasing its leverage until it counteracts the deflecting force, and holds the wheel steadily in action, but somewhat oblique to the line of direction of the wind. If the wind still increases,it moves the'wheel to aslightly more oblique position, and the weight, risingfurther, again counter acts the deflecting force and holds the wheel to its work, and so on until, under the influence of a strong gale, the wheel will be defiected nearly or entirely out of the wind. As the wind abates, the weight will gradually bring the wheel back to its original position,

holding it at Work from point to point, wherever the deflecting force of the wind and resisting forceof the weight equal each other, as above described. V The weight I is made adjustable upon its arm in any convenient manner, for the purpose of regulating the force of the wind required to swing the tailvane, and therefore determining the speed at which the wheel shall rotate for transmitting its power to the mill or other machinery. When the horizontal axis of the wind-wheel is carried out of line with the axis of the tail-vane, the two stand at an angle to each other upon that side of the vertical axis or tube E opposite to the eccentric weight. The, efiect of this is to produce a lateral strain'upon the vertical axis and the parts connected therewith, because the force of the wind is exerted laterally uponthe wheel and vane. The eccentricity of the weighted arm counteracts this strain and prevents injury to the vertical axis and the parts mounted thereon. As the angle of the wheel and vane de- IIO creases under a stronger wind,'the lateral strain becomes greater upon the vertical axis; but

the decrease of such angle raises the weight high er, and therefore increases its leverage to counteract the strain. 1 By operating the rod P the tail-vane may be swung around to a greater or less degree while the Wheel is in operation, or it may be swung around parallel to the wheel to bring the latter to a state of rest. The parts for effecting this operation by hand and for preventing the twisting of the cord K,however, form the subject-matter of another patent, granted to me February 3, 1874, No. 147,213, and are not claimed herein.

' Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. A Weight of varying resistance pivoted I at one side of the horizontal axis of the tailvane, and at an angle with it, in combination with the pivoted tail-vane or rudder and Windwheel, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of the sector K with the weighted arm and tail-vane, for increasing the force or leverage of the weighted arm in proportion to the increased strain upon the vertical axis of the Wind-Wheel,substantially as specified. V

3. The combination of a deflecting windwheel, a pivoted tail-vane, and means for resisting the deflection of the wheel out of the Wind with a variable force proportionate to the extent of such deflection, substantially as described.

' 4. The combination of a deflecting Wind- Wheel, a pivoted tail-vane, and a weight of varying resistance, for .thepurposes herein set forth.

5. A weight of varying resistance pivoted above the mill-head so as to turn with the turn-table, in combination with the pivoted tail-vane or rudder and wind-Wheel, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

XVILLIAM -H. WHEELER.

\Vitnesses:

H. V. DEARBORN, CLINTON BABBITT.

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