USRE9426E - Robert d - Google Patents

Description

Reissued Oct. 19,1880.

R- D- 0. SMITH. Water C10set No' lira. 1

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WATER-C LOS ET.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Beilsued Letters Patent No. 9,4236, dated October 19, 1880, Original No. 136,105, dated February 18, 1873. Application for reissue filed September 14, 1880.

DIVISION B.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT D. 0. SMITH, of Washington, in the District ot' Columbia, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Tater-Closets; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and complete description of that part of my invention which is included and claimed in this patent.

Heretofore apartments have been ventilated by means of shafts or flues connected therewith, through which an upward flow of air has been vproduced by means of heat, fans, and other artificial appliances when the required current would not be produced by natural causes; and I am aware that the ventilation of sewers has been attempted in a similar way.

1 am also aware that a water-closet has been provided with a lateral outlet connecting with a pipe, which is extended from the cesspool or sewer to the outer atmosphere for the alleged purpose of Ventilating both the cesspool and the water-closet.

The escape of sewer-gas and otherfoul odors from the soil or waste pipe is generally caused by gaseous pressure within said pipes in excess of the external atmospheric pressure. This excessive pressure is due to chemical and mechanical causes which are well understood.

All uids move iu lines of least resistance, and it is evident that a gas moving through a pipe aud under pressure greater than atmospheric pressure will seek to escape through any lateral opening. Under such circumstances, and a water-closet having a lateral Ventilating connection with a pipe also in communication with the cesspool or sewer,l sewergas will be driven through said Ventilatingpipe into the hopper, and thence into the apartment, from which no system of ventilation employed prior to my invention has been effectual to remove it. Therefore I do not claim anything as to the principles involved, but only as to the special application of those priuciples to accomplish the ventilation of hopperclosets in the particular manner herein set forth and claimed.

The object of my invention is accomplished by causing a flow of pure air inward and downward through the closet, &c., thenceinto aduct or ue, which will discharge the same and any gases or odors which it may have encountered on its passages through the closet into the air outside the apartment or building, and so high in the atmosphere as to render them innox- 10118.

The iiue or duct and the closet, with the intermediate connection, constitute an inverted siphon, of which the closet is a part of the shorter leg. subject tothe same law of action which controls the flow of fluids through siphons. As in other siphons, the effective action will bear a proportion to the diversity of length of the two legs moditied by any imported force, such as is produced by heat, fans, &c., and it is evident that if the longer leg be extended below its connection with the shorter leg to anotheropening it will no longer constitute a siphon.

Having nowindicated theprinciples ofaction of my invention, that part of the same which is included in this patent consists in an open hopper-closet with a plain lateral outlet to establish connection with a flue or other duct, whereby the outward ilow of air through said flue, which constitutes the longer leg of the siphon, will cause a corresponding flow of air inward through said hopper, which constitutes the shorter leg, as indicated by the arrows.

That others may more fully understand th at part of my invention which is included in this patent, I will particularly describeit, having reference to the accompanying drawings, where- Figure l is a vertical central section of a hopper having the Ventilating outlet or neck attached and integral with the hopper. Figs. 2 and 3 are central vertical sections of hoppers, showing said Ventilating-outlet attached, but separable from the hopper.

A represents the hopper, say, of a water closet. B is the soil-pipe to carry away the matters deposited therein, and C is an ordinary stench-trap.

D is the Ventilating outlet or neck for connection with the ue or duct E in any convenient part of the building. The pipe D is inclined upward, so that water will not rest therein. For closets within dwellings the kitchen smoke-due, or a ue contiguous thereto, will be the most desirable for this purpose, as such liue will be warmed daily, and will at all times possess au upward ow of air. Generally any long vertical due will, if air may enter it at the bot-tom, 'as through one of my closets, insure a suiciently strong draft. If natural causes prove to be insucient, there are many ways'of inducing a draft by mechanical means. These means, such as fans, furnaces, waterow, as in the tromp, &c., are well known, and do not require description here.

It may he necessary for the production of the best results, under somecircumstauces, to enlarge the pipe around the outlet D, as at d, (shown in Fig. 3,) to allow a slight variation in velocity at that point.

In Fig. 3 the arrow with'the black disk at its middle represents the flow of water. Other arrows indicate air-currents.

It is intended to reserve from this patent all matter covered, or which might be covered, by reissue of the original patent of which this is a division except that part which is specifically shown in thc drawings hereto attached.

I do not claim herein the generalmethod of Ventilating water-closets, that being the subject of a claim in another patent of even date herewith-a division of the same original patent.

Having described my invention, what I claim herein as new is- 1. Ahopper, A, connected with and discharging into a soil-pipe, B, and combined with a lateral Ventilating-outlet, D, and a flue or duct independent of the soilppe, whereby said hopper is constituted part of an inverted Siphon for a ventilating current of air, as set forth.

2. A hopper, A, having an opening at its bottom adapted to discharge into a soil or waste pipe, and a lateral opening, D, adapted to be connected with a Ventilating duct or ue, as set forth.

3. A hopper, A, having an opening at its bottom adapted to discharge into a soil-pipe, and provided with a lateral pipe or neck, D, inclined upward and adapted to be connected with a Ventilating ilue or duct, as set forth.

R. D. O. SMITH.

Witnesses:

M. V. SMITH, L. H. MARSHALL.

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