USRE9314E - Samuel l - Google Patents

Description

s. L. POSTER & W. H. BENTON. Composite Roof.

N No. 9,314. J Reissued July 20, I880.

WITNESSES. NVENTORS.

* fiw 'faiw w draulic cement, tile, or brick forms the upper and WILLIAM H. BENTON, oftlie city and the -tdllowin g is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, suflicient to enable others sult has been that the cement layer at the point above referred to-is so thin that it dries UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL L.. FOSTER AND WILLIAM HQBENTON, on PHILADELPHIA, PA.

COMPOSIITE oos.

gramme-ribs, forming m Bf seated Letters ,Patent 110. 9,314, dated July 20, 1380. Original No. 227,682, dated May 18, 1880. Application for reissue filed June 25, 1380.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, SAMUEL L. FOSTER county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Composite Roofs-of which skilled in the art to which it appertains to make or construct thesame.

In the construction of roofs in which hyto the stop or'barrier at thepaves or edgefof the roof and filling it iii a extent prevent the laying 0fffli h'ydraulic cemen't layer in which the'tile s or bricks are embedded of a uniform or of"sufficient thickness at the eaves to hold the tiles or bricks, and the rebefore' the cement has properly set, which causes cracks and'leakages in the cement layer.

Great trouble and vexatious delay has been experienced heretofore in putting on the cc ment layer, and having it set so as to form a good surface-coat or 1; bed to receive the tiles or bricks, and when the cement layer has been successfully laid lb is liable to be broken or cracked at or near the eaves, owing to the great mass of asphaltic or bituminous matter collected at that point, the said asphaltic or bituminous matter being more readily affected by heat and cold than the hydraulic-cement layer. The result is that the cement layer is broken and otherwise injured by the fluctuations or traveling of the asphaltic or bitumino' layer. I

v arious devices have been heretofore resorted to to prevent the tiles, bricks, or slabs from sagging, or from being pressed down at the sides by persons walking thereon.

To prevent the uneven settling, tilting, or pressing down of the sides of the tile, brick, or slab, and to obviate the other defects here. tofore referred to, is the object of our present invention.

To this end our invention consists in securing to the lower edge or eaves of the roof a double-celled stop or bracket, which stops or dams off the asphaltic or bituminous layer at a short distance from the caves of the roof andpermits the hydraulic-cement layer to be made thicker and stronger at the caves.

The invention further'consists in making the tiles of hydraulic or other good quick-set ting cement and sand. 1 g

The invention further consists in the peculiar construction of the tile and the application or embedding of the same in the cement, whereby the edgesjof the tiles are supported and prevented from becoming tilted an'dinn; even by the pressing down of the edges, as

.will be more fully explaipedhereinafter.

To more fully explain and illustrate our invention", reference is madc'to thc'aeeompany ing drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a sectional view, and Fig. 2 is a view .in' cross section, of our double stop, which, may be formed of one piece of metal, as shown. t r v A designates the sheathing-boards of ,an ordinary battened roof, which may or may not be tongued and grooved so as to form a smooth or level upper surface.

B represents three or inpre layers of roofing felt or paper, saturated or n'otwith natural or artificial asphaltum, and joined or cemented together or not with layers of the same material. We prefer, however, to have the layer of sheets of felt or paper joined together with natural or artificial asphaltum.

.The felt or paper is placed and secured on the sheath in g-boards or other suitable foundation, so as to have the edges or ends of the same vlap down a short distanceover thelower edge of the roof, where it is secured to the side of the building in any convenient manner. O designates the double'stop, which, by preference, is made of sheet metal; but a wooden stop having the same, or substantially the same, construction and function can be employed without departing from the spirit of our invention.

As before stated, the stop 0 is, byprefec once," made of sheet metal, and'may have the outer or exposed portion of any desired configuration to form an ornamental cornice. It

2, or the inner piece or stop, a, can be sol-,

of the building, as shown, in any suitable manner after the felt or paper has been applied. The vertical extension of the stop, which is secured to the side of the building, serves to hold the turned-down edges or ends of the [hit or paper securely in place.

I) is a layer or coat of natural or artificial asphaltnm, or any suitable bituminous coinponml, and is applied above the stop a, said step serving to keep the bituminous or asphaltic layer back from the edge or eaves of the roof.

E a layer of clean fine gravel, which is embedded into the bituminous layer, and forms a layer-oi bitumen and gravel about on a level or line with the top of the. inner stop, a.

.A layer of hydraulic cement, F, mixed to the proper consistency, next applied over the gravel, and is allowed tollow down or is builtin, so as to fill the gutter 0 between the steps or projections a I), thus forming a. heavier bed or border of hydraulic cement or concrete at the edge or caves of the roof, where strength is most needed and more effectually damming or stopping the asphaltic layer away from the edge of the root. \Vhile the hydraulic cement or concrete is still in a plastic state the tiles. G are placed thereon and embeiilded therein, as shown.

The tiles G areot the form shown-i 0.,

- their edges are bcvcledso that when laid in the cement orcoucrete with their broad and narrow faces alternately reversed they will sup port each other, and are less liable to be tilted or loosened by persons walking thereon.

The tiles are made of hydraulic or other good quie -setting cement and sand under pressure, and prelerably of the form shown; but other terms may be used without departing; from the spirit of our invention.

We have found by actual experience that tiles made of hydraulic or other cement and sand under powerful pressure are of a superior quality and well adapted for roofing and other purposes. They are light in weight, and of almost metallic hardness.

' The joints between the tiles, when laid, are filled or sealed with any suitable cement.

Other kinds of tiles-suclr as clay, glass, metal, Sim-may be laid on the root' as built up by us, l; ut.-we prei'ee tens -tln:1..cement tile, as herein described.

llaviug thus described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters-Patout, is

1. In the construction of composite root's, the method herein described of preventing the asphaltic or bituminous layer from gathering or massing at the edge or caves of the roof by stopping said asphaltic or bituminous layer with ametallic or other stop and interposing a barrier of hydraulic cement or coir crete between the end or edge of the bituminous or asphaltic layer and the edge or caves of the roof.

2. In a composite roofing, the inner stop or lodge, a, in combination with the asphaltic or.

bituminous layer or course 1), whereby the said layer is prevented from accumulating or piling up at the edge or caves of the roof.

3. The double stop 0, provided with the ledges or project-ions u l), and made or not of one continuous piece of sheet metal, substantially as shown and described.

4. The double stop 0, provided with the projections or stops a I), in combination with the cement or concrete layer, whereby a strip or body of hydraulic cement or concrete is formed in the groove 0, at or near the edges or caves of the roof, substantially as set forth.

5. A. tile for roofing and other purposes, composed of hydraulic or other suitable cement and sand, as set Forth.

6. A tile for rooting and other purposes, composed of hydraulic or other suitable cement and sand, when formed under pressnre,as set forth.

7. In combination with the hydraulic-cenient or concrete layer, the beveled-edge tiles G, whenlaidsuhstautiallyas iwnanddescribed, whereby the tiles are rendered self-supporting and the dangerot' displacement or tilting is obviated or lessened.

S. A composite root eomposedoi' three or more layers of felt or paper saturated and joined or not with aspbaltum, the asphaltic or bituminous layer with gravel embedded therein, the layer of hydraulic cement or concrete made thicker at theeaves or edgesot' the roof, the superimposed layer of beveled tiles, laid as described, and the double stop U, the whole constructediu themanner and for the purpose herein set forth.

9. A. tile for roofing and other purposes in which hydraulic cement is the principal-hard-. ening substance, in combination with a foundation of felting or paper and any kind of bitlr men and sand or gravel, substantia-tly as and for the purpose set forth.

' A MUIQL, L. lfOS'lFJt.

\VlllLlAhl ll. ilury'luis. Witnesses JNO. B. Locus, .l. 0. WARREN

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