USRE8882E - Improvement in the manufacture of sulphate of alumina - Google Patents
Improvement in the manufacture of sulphate of alumina Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USRE8882E USRE8882E US RE8882 E USRE8882 E US RE8882E
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alumina
- sulphate
- manufacture
- improvement
- iron
- Prior art date
Links
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 28
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminium silicate Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 201000002372 amelogenesis imperfecta type 1G Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- UTYXJYFJPBYDKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;iron(2+);hexacyanide;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] UTYXJYFJPBYDKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
Definitions
- the object of this invention is to manufacture from aluminousearths, (containing more or less iron,) such as argil, kaolin, 820., and by preference with hydrates of alumina, known under the name of bauxites, and containing fifty to eighty per cent. of alumina, a sulphate of alumina completely deprived of free acid, and exempt, or almost exempt, from iron, in such form or combination (Fe 0 as would discolor the resulting sulphate of alumina, and thus to' produce from the above ferruginous clays a white sulphate of alumina such as has not been manufactured up to the present time.
- aluminousearths containing more or less iron,
- iron such as argil, kaolin, 820.
- hydrates of alumina known under the name of bauxites, and containing fifty to eighty per cent.
- I. proceed in the following manner: Into a vessel of lead, or lined with lead, I pour a cer tain quantity of sulphuric acid at 50 Baumtwo hundred kilograms, for instance. I heat it by means of a jet of live steam. When the sulphuric acid begins to boil, I pour into the acid one hundred and ten to one hundred and thirty kilograms of bauxite (hydrate of alumina) in a powdered form. At the end of some minutes a very lively reaction takes place. The mixture, which, before the reaction, oughtto occupy only one-fifth, at most, of the capacity of the vessel, 'will even flow over, if care is not taken to add at this moment sixty to sixtyfive liters of water.
- bauxite hydrate of alumina
- the mixture is thus kept in the vessel, and, if it threatens again to flow over, I add some liters of water to prevent it. At the end of about an hour the mixture has returned to its original volume. I then add water at pleasure, according to the degree of concentration which it is desired to obtain, and I thus have a solution of sulphate of aluminacontaining about one-half per cent.
- the sulphate-of-alumina solution containing iron in this form is to a great degree discolored by its presence, the result being that for many purposes, such as paper-making, sulphate of aluunder the influence of heat, and one to two I days at ordinary temperature, the iron is converted from Fe O to FeO, the latter article being a colorless compound of iron 5- and at the same time any silica or other impurities not already precipitated are deposited in the bottom of the vessel.
- the product I obtain by this process is a sulphate of alumina, first, completely exempt w from free acid; second, not hygroscopic and not absorbent of moisture; third, capable of being ground as finely as may be desired; fourth, possessing a quantity of alumina which may reach twenty per cent, and which is never lower than eighteen per cent; and, fifth, white.
Description
FRANCIS LAUR, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO HARRISON BROTH 00., OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.
"UNITED STATES PATENT .OFFIGE.
IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SULPHATE 0F ALUMINA.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 208,615, dated October 1, 187B; Reissue No. 8,882, dated September 2, 1879; application filed February 13, 1879.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, FRANCIS LAUR,el1gineer, of Paris, in the Republic of France, have invented Improvements in the Manufacture of Sulphate of Alumina, of which the following is a specification.
The object of this invention is to manufacture from aluminousearths, (containing more or less iron,) such as argil, kaolin, 820., and by preference with hydrates of alumina, known under the name of bauxites, and containing fifty to eighty per cent. of alumina, a sulphate of alumina completely deprived of free acid, and exempt, or almost exempt, from iron, in such form or combination (Fe 0 as would discolor the resulting sulphate of alumina, and thus to' produce from the above ferruginous clays a white sulphate of alumina such as has not been manufactured up to the present time.
I. proceed in the following manner: Into a vessel of lead, or lined with lead, I pour a cer tain quantity of sulphuric acid at 50 Baumtwo hundred kilograms, for instance. I heat it by means of a jet of live steam. When the sulphuric acid begins to boil, I pour into the acid one hundred and ten to one hundred and thirty kilograms of bauxite (hydrate of alumina) in a powdered form. At the end of some minutes a very lively reaction takes place. The mixture, which, before the reaction, oughtto occupy only one-fifth, at most, of the capacity of the vessel, 'will even flow over, if care is not taken to add at this moment sixty to sixtyfive liters of water. The mixture is thus kept in the vessel, and, if it threatens again to flow over, I add some liters of water to prevent it. At the end of about an hour the mixture has returned to its original volume. I then add water at pleasure, according to the degree of concentration which it is desired to obtain, and I thus have a solution of sulphate of aluminacontaining about one-half per cent. of iron in combination in the form of Fe O The sulphate-of-alumina solution containing iron in this form is to a great degree discolored by its presence, the result being that for many purposes, such as paper-making, sulphate of aluunder the influence of heat, and one to two I days at ordinary temperature, the iron is converted from Fe O to FeO, the latter article being a colorless compound of iron 5- and at the same time any silica or other impurities not already precipitated are deposited in the bottom of the vessel.
It now only remains to siphon or decant the limpid solution, which is absolutely deprived of free acid, and does not readily become blue by testing with yellow prussiate of potash in the usual manner.
In the example chosen-that is to say, two hundred kilograms ofacid at 50 there is obtained three hundred kilogramsof sulphate of alumina in solution, which it is only necessary to concentrate under heat up to 46 Baum and pour it off into a cake by the ordinary method. s
It is indispensable to employ a bauxite very finely ground, or to increase the proportion of it, to obtain at the first trial a neutral solu tion, or almost neutrahbasic solution.
The product I obtain by this process is a sulphate of alumina, first, completely exempt w from free acid; second, not hygroscopic and not absorbent of moisture; third, capable of being ground as finely as may be desired; fourth, possessing a quantity of alumina which may reach twenty per cent, and which is never lower than eighteen per cent; and, fifth, white. These qualities are not met with in the sulphates of alumina made from'ferruginous clays and hitherto met in commerce, and
ERS &
they may serve to characterize the new prod- I said solution prior to concentration, substannct resulting from the process I have dctially as described.
scribed. In testimony whereof I have signed my name I claim this 18th day of January, A. D. 1879. As an improvement in the process of manufacturing sulphates of alumina-Vim, first LAUR' making a neutral solution of the same, and \Vitnesses: then introducing pieces of zinc to convert the F. SOLIKAY,
iron into a colorless compound of iron in the WM. M. GRINNELL:
Family
ID=
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