USRE885E - Improved machine for finishing hair-brush handles - Google Patents

Description

. UNTTED STATES PATENT Ormes..

THOMAS MITCHELL, OF LANSINGBUFG, NEV YORK.

IMPROVED MACHINE FOR FINISHING HAIR-BRUSH HANDLES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 24,571, dated June 28, 1859; Reissue No. S85, dated January 17, 1860.

To all whom t may concern.-

Bc it known that l, THonAs MircHnLL, of Lansingburg, in the county of Rensselaer and State of New York, have invented a newr Iand useful Improvementin the Making of Brushes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side sectional view of my invention, taken in the line m a', Fig. 2. Figi 2 is a plan or top vicW of same. Fig. 3 is a dctached plan or top View of one of the clamps and guides of same. Fig. L1 is a detached perspective view of a brush having a portion of its stock or block shaped by my invention. Fig. 5 is a face view of a brush having an un finished stock or block.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre spending parts in the several gures.

'lo enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

i A represents a rectangular frame, which supports a platform, B, and G is a shaft which is placed in suitable bearings, a. ct, and transversely on the platform B.. On each end of the shaft (l a cutter-wheel, D, is secured, the Wheels being at the outer sides of the bearings ct a, and to the periphery of each wheel D a series of cutters, l1, are attached. -The cutters b are of gouge form, and may be made of steel strips bent in seinicircular form, with parallel ends and a-ttached to each side of the wheels, as shown clearly in Fig. 2. The bent portions of the cutters may be of flaring form, the front or cutting edges of the cutters being the larger ends, so as to permit the cutters to clear themselves or Work freely during the cutting operation. Slots or openings c are made iu the platform to allow the cutters to pass through in their rotation.

To the upper surface of the platform B and directly in front of each cutter-Wheel D, a metal plate, E. is secured. These metal plates are slotted longitudinally, as shown at d, and they are let in 7 the platform so as to be iiusli with its upper surface. The platform B is slotted so as to correspond with the slots d in the plates E, and to the front end'of each plate E a vertical guard and guide, F, is attached. These guards or guides are transl versely of senucucular form, the concave sides being opposite the cutter-wheels D D, so as to serve as guards on the cutters b.

G, Figs. l and 2, is a clamp, Whichis formed of a block, e, having' a pin, f, projecting from its under side, fitting in the slots d ofthe lettsaid pattern corresponding in form to the Y outer edge of one longitudinal halt, or any ptrtion of a half, of the brush-stock or block I. The inner edge ot' the pattern H is made concave, correspondingto the curve of one half ofthe bristles t of the brush. (See Fig. 2.) J is a strip or plate, the inner edge of which adjnins the pattern II, the inner edges of the pattern and strip or plate corresponding inverselyT in form with each other.

The inner edge of the pattern H has a flange or projection, a, at its upper edge. This iiange extends beyond the side of the pattern H sufficient-ly to form a recess below it to receive the front part of the guard and guide F, as shown clearly in Fig. 1. The ange or projection cx may be forned by attaching by solder, or otherwise, a strip to the upper part of the pattern, or the fiange may be cast with the pattern.

The unfinished brush is secured in the Aclamp Gr by placing its bristles t in the concave inner surface of the pattern H, and then adjusting the strip or plate J to the opposite side of -the bristles, and forcing the jaw g down on the block or stock I of the brush by actuating the eccentric h. By this arrange ment the unnished brush will be accurately centered in the clamp, the bristles i serving as a guide.

From the above description it will be seen that the bristles t' are fitted in the block or stock I previous to the shaping of the same. When the unfinished brush is thus clamped, the clamp G is adjusted on the platform, B the pin F being fitted in the slot d, and the face ofthe pattern H being pressed against the guard and guide F. The operator moves the clamp so that the cutters Z, as the -wheels D rotate, will cut the edge of the block or stock of a form corresponding to the face side of the pattern H, the pattern, as it moves along, being kept against the guard and guide, the flange a projecting over it, as shown clearly in Fig. 1.

It will be observed that the cutters cut at right angles to the grain of the wood of which the stock is composed. The said cutters are thus enabled to enter or make very fine and intricate configurations in the stock without tearing or injuring the same.

Arotatin g cutterplaced upon avertical mandrel and revolving horizontally with or nearly in line with e grain of the wood has been before used and isdisclaimed. This construe4 tion is only employed for coarse work, and is not adapted to the cutting ot' tine coniigura tions, because a reduction of the diameter of the vertical mandrel and cutters below a diameter of two inches would render the same.

too weak for safe use, and 'the aforesaid limit of diameter-viz., two inches-permits ot the cutting ot' no recess in the brush-handle ot' a less width, which is much ltoo large for the proper ornamentation of a small article like a-hair-brush; but in practice it is found impossible to use the vertical mandrel for congurations of less sweep than twelve inches, because in cutting against the grain ot' the wood the latter is splintered and torn to such a degree as to be rendered useless.

In the patent granted to me June 23, 1'857, a revolving disk-cutter, somewhat like a circular saw, is employed, the teeth being bent to an angle and provided with broad chiselshaped cutting-edges. This method is attended with the same defects and difficulties as those described above in connection with the vertical mandrel. The disk-cutters are only capable of cutting straight edges and conveX surfaces. They will not enter or cut cor- `rugations, because to do this they must act sidewise upon the wood, and of such action they are incapable, because the wood is thus carried away out of the reach of the Glitters'.

Much of the wood used for hair-brushes is of a costly character-such as rose and satin woodso that machines of the above kind cannot be usefully employed thereupon. Such devices are chieiiy employed in the manufacture of scrubbing-brushes and other coarse goods made of cheap'wocds, with sides cut upon large sweeps. v

The flange a* of the pattern H forms au important feature of the invention, for by its use the cutters b are prevented from coming in contact with the guard and guide F, and at the same time they are allowed to work or rotate in such a relative position with the block or stock that the edge of the latter will be cut vertically, or nearly so. The flange also serves as a support to the bottom edge of the block or stock, and prevents said edge being torn by the action of the cutters7 a smooth cut being insured. A

Vhen one side of theblock or stock I is cut, it is removed from the clamp G and secured ina clamp, K, Fig. 3, which is constructed like clamp G, with the exception that the strip or plate J is not used, the brush not being centered by the bristles t', but by means of the finished side of the block or stock which abuts against a curved ledge, j, as shown in Fig. 3, the pattern. Hf of clamp K corresponding to that of H of clamp G.

In case the handles 7c see Fig. 4 of the brushes are only shaped by the machine, the pattern H is only made of a corresponding length, but an extension, H would be required on the clamp G in order to permit of the centering of the brush by the bristles z'. The clamps in the drawings are shown as being thus formed, the pattern H of clamp K in Fig. 3 corresponding with the length of the handle lr, and the part H in Fig. 2 being an extension to allow the brush to be centered in the clamp.

The clamp K has its pin iitted in the slotin the right-hand plate E, and is manipulated in the same way as the clamp G, in order to cut the remaining side of the stock or block. By this invention the stocks or blocks I of brushes may be readily shaped and the work performed in a very uniform manner.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. r[he employment, in combination with the brush-clampG or pattern El, or their equivalents, of awheel, l), which is provided with V or gouge shaped cutters b,V or their equivalents, and which act upon the wood, substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

2. The combination, with the pattern H, (of the brushclamp,) of a supporting ledge or projection, at, or its equivalent, as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

3. The combination of the guide F withthe clamp Gr and cutter D, as and for the purposes'herein shown and described.

4. Gentering the unfinished brushes in the clampl Gr by means of the bristles t', in connection with the strip or plate J and the inner curved edge, H, or its extension H', substantially as described.

THOMAS MITCHELL.

Witnesses DANIEL KING, W. F. ENsreN.

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