USRE7459E - Improvement in sewing-machines - Google Patents

Description

iSh eetse-shetl. S98. TURNER,

Assignor by Mesne Assigmnents to the AMERICAN STRAW SEWING-MACHINE C0, SEWING-MACHINE. No. 7,459. I Reissued Jam-9, 1877.

- 5Sheets-Sheet 2. S. S. TURNER,

Assignor by Mesne Assignmelits m the AMERICAN STRAW SEWING-MACHINE col SEWING-MACHINE.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SIDNEY S. TURJER, OF WESTBOROUGH, MASBACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE AMERLGAN STRLLW SEWING MACHINE COMPANY.

IMPRCVEMENT' IN sew|Nel-iirnici-nhas,

Specification forming; part of Letters Patent No. 94 ,046, dated August 24, 1869; reissue No. 7,459, dated January 9, 1877 application filed June 24, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

lie it known that l, SIDNEY S. TURNER, of \Ve stlnn'ongh, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have made an invention oieertainnew and useful improvements in Sewing-Machines for which Letters Patent 01' the United States were granted to me and \Villard Uomey the 242th day of August, A. D 15151.); and that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the said invention.

The principal object of my ihvention is to enable straw goods to be sewed with rapidity.

My invention consists of certain combinations of mechanical instrumentalities, and of a'pecnliar chain-stitch, suitable. particularly for sewing straw goods.

The principal mechanical instrniueutalities ol, which my combinations areeomposed are: The main frame of the machine, which supports the driving-shaft and the other movable parts; a table-plate, upon which the material to he sewed is supported; a rest or foot, to hold the material against said table-plate; a

- reciprocating eye-pointed needle, for pert'orat ing the material and passing loops of thread through it; a reciprocating perforating-hook, for perforating the material, seizing the loops of needle-thread, and drawing them through the material; an adjustable sewing-needle guide, which enables the needle to be set to perlorate the material at dili'erent points; an

adjustable perlorating-hook guide, which enables'the perforating-hook to be set to pert'o rate the material at dili'ercut points; a loopholder, to receive the loop of thread from the perforating-hook, and to present it to the needle; guides or gages to determine the position of the material relatively to the sewing and feeding instrnmcntalities; a feeding imple ment, for causing the material to progress past the sewing instrnmentalities; a threadtension, to apply the requisite tension to the thread; means of relaxing the threaul-tension, when necessary; a looper, for holding the neodle-thread for the operation of the perforatinghook.

The combinations-of said instrumentalities whlcli, with a new kind of chain-stitch, coustitutethe said invention, are set forth in tie that they may be fully understood, I. have rep.- resented in the accon'ipanying drawings, and will proceed to describe, a sewing-machine in which I. have embodied them. The drawings represent the meehanisniin several of the principal positions which the parts assume in operation.

Figure 1. isa front-elevation ot' the machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same; Fig. I a longitudinal section in the line to w of Fl". 1. Fig. 4 is a transverse section (looking toward the rear ot the machine) at the line a: .2: of Fig. 3, and showing more particularly the mechanism for operating the loop-holder and feeding instruments. Fig. 5 is a similar sec- 1 tion, looking toward the front of the machine, in the line 3 3; of Fi 3, showing the opposite side of the mechanism represented in Fi L. Fig. 6 is a similar section (looking toward the rear of the machine) at the line 3 3 Fig. 3 and showing the cam mechanism for operating the perl'oratinghool; loy full lines in one position, and'by dotted lines in another position. Fig. 7 is a view of the same cam mechanism in two other positions,'as shown by full lines and by dotted lines. Fig. 8 is a transverse section (looking toward the front of the machine) at. the line 2 z of Fi 3, showing the machine for operating the needle, and also the thread-tension in two ditt'erent posit-ions. Fig. 9 is a similar view of the same mechanism in two other positions. Fig. 10 is a view of the cams for operating the loop-holder and feed mechanism; Fig. 11, a billliiiil' view of the same cams in two other positions. Figs. 12, 13, and 14 are views upon an enlarged scale, showing the hook, needle, and limp-holder in dilt'erent positions. Fig. 15 is a view, upon an enlarged scale, showing the stitch formed by the above-mentioned devices when passing through the said positions and movements, as lnireinal'ter more fully described.

In order that'the character of the stitch may be seen the thread is represented as loose.

Fi". .16 is a plan of loopholder and teeth wheel, showing their relative horizontal posh tions. Fim 17 is a perspective view of the tail at the close of this schedule. In order loop-holder detached. Fig. 18 is a view in' elevation of parts of the. tension mechanism. Fig. 19 is a view of the looper, needle, and perforatin g-hoo'k.

The frame A of said machine has the form ofa table, to one end of which the sewing mechanism is .applied. The various moving instrumentalities which operate in sewing are operated by means of cams E C H I) M, which cause them to move at the proper times, and to the requisite extents. and which are all secured to a revolving shaft, B. parted to this shaft by means of a belt, which, in this instance, is applied to the grooved rim ofa pulley fly-wheel, G, secured to the said driving-shaft. The instrumentalities which operate upon the material to be sewed are arranged at the front end of the frame A, and the said material is supported upon a tableplate, G, which is secured to said frame, and is, in this instance, curved so as to facilitate .thesewing of the curved crowns'of straw.

hats. The table-plate G is slotted, to permit the needle E and'the perforating-hook U to move through it. The needle E is secured toa reciprocating bar or stoclqE which is arranged to slide in a needle-guide, E, that is constructed with a trunnion, E, and this trunnion is secured in a hole in the front of the frame A, so that the guide is adjustable, and may be swung or partially turned on the axis of said trunnion as a center to vary the angle at which the needle enters the material, and conse quently to vary the position at which it perforates the upper surface of the material. The needle-guide is slotted at its upper end to permit the head of the clamp-screw l9, which holds the needle, to play; and the lower end.

of the needle-bar is connected by a link, E with an arm, E which is secured to a rockshaft, E. The rock-shaft is fitted with a second arm, E having secured to it a frictionroller, which traverses the cam-groove ot' the cam 15", so that this cam operates the needle through the intervention of the arms E? the rock-shaft E, the link E and the needlebar E The perforating-hook G is secured to a bar, 0, similar to tlie needlebar, and constructed to slide in an adjustable swinging guide, 0, constructed with a trunnion, G", similar to the swinging guide for the needle; The bar 0 is coi'mected, by afih'nk, (3, with an arm, 0 sc cured to a tubular rock-shaft, G, which is arranged to rock upon the needle rock-shaft E, and is fitted at its inner endwith a second arm, C This arm 0 is fitted with a frictionwheel, which traverses the groove of the cam O so that this camimparts motion to the pen forating-hook through the intervention ol'thc arms 0 the rockshat't (lithe link 0", and the bar The perforating hook and the needle are arranged to operate at an angle with each other, so that their tracks crosn; and a-s-their guides may he swung or partially turned, the place Where the tracks cross may Motion is imbe either within the thickness of the material or more or less above it, and consequently the appearance of the stitch at the upper side of i the material maybe made more or less prominen't, as desired, by varying the relative positions of the needle and hook guides.

The thread for sewing is contained on a spool, Fi, which is applied to a stem, F. This stem is secured to a bracket, F, projecting from the needle-arm E so that the spool in this instance moves with the needle, and consequcntly the necessity of employing a separate takeup is dispensed with.

In order that the-thread may be subjected to the requisite tension,.two conicalthimbles, ff, are applied to the stem F one for each end of the spool. A tension-spring, F ,is applied to the outer side of one of these thimbles,'and a screw-nut,f, is employed toi'orce the said thimbles and the spool between them toward the said spring, so'as toclamp the spool between the thimbles, and to compress the spring more or less for thepurposc ot' varying the tension.

The end of the tension-spring projects beyond the spool, and vibrates within the rangeof two stationary cam-inclines, F" F, so arranged that Whenever the end of the tensionspring is brought in contact withone of them the pressure of the spring upon the thimble is relaxed, to permit the spool to turn and the thread to render l'reely. I

The cam-inclines F F are secured to a cam-plate, E, which is fastened to the'frame A, and the tension-spring slotted and passed over the stem F, so that the latter prevents it from being displaced when it is borne against the (nl-lii-inclllles.

In order to hold the material against the perforating pressure of the needle and perforating-hook, a presser't'oot, K, and a presserwheel, H, are provided. Both of these are secured to thc'lowcr end of. :1 piston, I, which is arranged to slide toward and from the table-plateG in a socket. in an arm, .1, that projects above and is secured to the main frame. A spring, 1', is provided to cause this presses.

foot and presser-wheel to press upon the ma terial with a yielding pressure, because, as the table-plate G in this machine is fixed to the main frame, the presser foot and wheel must move to adapt themselves to variations in the thickness of the n'iaterial. The upper end of the rod ot'the piston l is titted with a cam-lever, I, by Which the piston and pressing instruments may be raised to permit-the material to be applied to or removed from the tableplate.

In the operation of the machine the loop of thread passed through the material by the needle is entered by the perforating hook, and, is seized and drawn downward through the material by the barb of said hook, al'ter whicnahc loop is entered by the needle, when the latter rises to pass a new loop through the material.

In order to hold the loop for being thus c nneedle, the loop-hohier l) is proiug guides for the needle and pei't'orating-hook vided. This loopholder has the form oi a are set at a more or less acute angle with each book, with a wedge-formed end, and is seother, to vary the distance between the points cured to a rock-shaft, l). The rock-shaft l) at which'they emerge at the upper surface 0 is fitted with an arm, (I, which is coiiiieeiial the material, and thus vary the length of the l); a linlt with the shorter ai'in (P of a vibratstitch at the upper side of the work. .t the i lever, 1), whose longer arm d is pi ovidei guides be set so that the tracks of the needle with a friction-wheel,that is borne against the and pe'riiiratiug-hoolt cross each other below rim of a cam, l)", by means ot' a spring, oh, so the upper suriace oi the material, the outer that the cam causes the loop-holder to move side oi the stitch, when made, is embedded in. in one direction, and the spring causes it vo the work. move in the opposite direction. 7 in some cases I use a 'loopcr, W, Fig. 19, In order to move the material through the operating; in connection with the needle and machine, a rough-surfaced or toothed feed the peri'orating-hoolt, to take the loop from wheel, H is provided.. This feed-wheel has the former, and hold it for being;- entered by a toothed periphery, and is secured to the the latter. This looperanay be operated by a front end'ot' a shaft, h, whose rear end is titcam, M, represented in dotted lines at-l i 3. ted with a cog-wheel, which engages with The threadt'rom the spool is conducted a second cog-wheel, l-l. Thelatter is arranged through a thread guide, a, and is applied to to revolve upon a stud, and has. a ratchetthe needle eye. The strand of braid to be wheel, 11, secured to it, which is operated by sewed is laid upon the table-plate with its ina pawl, a, that is connected with a vibrating ner ed e in contact with the gage l1, and the arm, h. This arm titted with a t'rictionother strand o'i' braid, or a sewed portion oi wheel, which is borne against the rim of a cam, the hat, is laid over the first-mentioned strand H, by means of a spring, h so that the cam with its edge in the rabbct ol' the prcssen causes the pawl to turn the i'atchet'wliecl ll' wheel ll. The machine being put in operaand cog-wheel ll, and thus turn the l'cedtion, the needle ascends, perlorating the mawheel H while the spring [L3 causes the pawl tcriahand carrying the loop of thread thiough to move backward over the ratchet'wheel, preliminary to ai'orwtn'd movement. The cogwheel Ll. is of larger diameter than the cog;- wheel H of the iced-shaft h, so that the l'cedwheel-is caused to move a large angular dis"- tance for each movement of the pawl a, and thus make a coarse l'eed, as is expedient when sewing straw gooi The teed-wheel ll protrudes through an openiug'in the table-plate, and acts upon the under side of the material. In order to sustain the material against the pressure of the teed the smoothsin-timed )l'LfSbt.l'-'\\ ll0Ul ii is arranged above the teedwheel, being secured to a shaft, it, that is constructed to turn in hearings 1L6, that are made fast to the piston l of the presscr-t'oot; and, in order to avoid the rubbing oi the surface of the material, and to insure the feeding, the shaft oi" the prcsser-wheel ll is titted with a cog-wheel, ll. whose teeth e gage with those tered bv the it until the needle reaches its highestposition, as seen at Fig. l, at which time the various members ot' the machine occupy the positions in which they are respectively represented in 'r'iggs. i,.-J, i5, 4., and 5), and in l igs. 6 and 8, in continuous lines. Before the needle reaches its highest position the perforating-hook (J ing h'ook, as seen in Fig. l, is close to the under surface of the material. During t ic latter part of the upward movement'ot' the needle the thread-tension has been relaxed by the end of the tension-spring F being brought in contact with the cam-incline F so that the thread is not under tension when the needle reaches its highest point; hence when the needle is drawn downward by the operation of its ram i the l'rictiou ot' the material upon the thread causes the loop in the needleeye to expand above the surface of the iii-aterial in the form of a loop, and consequently the continued ascent ol' the perforating-hook causes it to enter the said loop, and then to The position of the straw braid relatively to proceed upwai d to its uppermost position.

i the l'celtwheel and the sewing iustruniontalt As soon as the perforating-hook enters the ties is determined by a gage, L, which is adloop sutliciently to secure it, the downward, just-able, and can be secured in any desired movement of the needle is resumed, and as position by means of a clamp-screw, t. The the movement of the arm E, for the purpose position of the work to which the straw braid ot' retrograding the needle, releases the tenis to he sewed is determined by the outer face siouspriug; from the cam-incline h, the thread of the presser-whecl ll, against which the edge is drawn down with the needle, and the loop of the work is borne by the operate and the is drawn closely upon the stem of the perfool the wheel ll, secured-to the feed-wheel slial'i h, so that the presser-ii'heel turns simultaneously with the teed-wheel, and thus rolls upon the surface oi" the material.

outer face of said pr wwheel is titted with ratiii -hool, as seen at Fig. 12, the need e a projecting rim, 6, which forms a species of and perforating-hook cams being then in the rahhet, so that the edge 01. the work is prepositions represented in dotted lines in Figs. vented from turning up when borne agains 6 and 8. The form 0 the cam ot the pert'othe face of the wheel. rating-hook is, by preference, made such, as

in adjusting the machine tor use, the swingseen at C, Fig. 6, as to hold the hook stationary fora short period in its uppermost the positions they occupy-When the needle position, While the loop is being drawn tight and hook occupy the positions represented at upon itsstem by the descent of the needle. Fig. 13, and the feed commences. The dotted Subsequently the hook commences to delines in the same figure, 11, represent the poscend, drawing the loop with it, and, as this sitious of the same cams corresponding with descent occurs While the tension-spring F is the positions of the needle a d hook cams, as .brought (by the movement of the needle-arm represented in dotted hues 1n Fi s. 7 and 9 E in contact with the second cam incline F the pertoratinghook is slightly. advanced (by he action of the part of the cam at c, Fig. 6)

so as to disengage the barb trom the loop,

vancing point of the loop-holder D, which, en-

tering the loop after its disengagemeu t, catches and holds it.

Up to this period the material has remained at 'rcst,"and the pawl a has been retrograded,

y the action of the cam ll, over the ratchet Wheel H The action of the cam'kl noW impels the pawl against the adj cent ratchettooth, and turning the ratchetand cog'wheels H H H causes thefeed-Wheel H to revolve and feed the material the space of a stitch.

uring feeding the needle remains stationary in its lowest position, the friction-wheel of its arm l being then in the concentric portion 6, Fig. of the canrgroove, and as a-t'that time the tension-spring F is vithheld from acting by the'operation of the canri'neline F the thread renders from the spool as required,

and the loop, which is under the cloth and v upon the loop-holder l), is extended in length.

\ ll'lorcovcr, as the loop-holder is Wcdge-form ed and slightly concave, the loop upon it spreads laterally. When the feed ceases the needle reasccnds, and passes through the loop upon the loop holder before it enters the material.

Asthe needle ascends the loop-holdc l) is depressed by the action ofits cam I), so thatit is Withdrawn from the loop, and, as the thread is well adapted to secure straw goods, and can be sewed by, machinery with great-rapidity. Vhat "I claim as my invention ishe combination, substantially as before set forth, of the tableplate, the reciprocating eye-pointed needle, and the reciprocating perforating-hook. I

2. Thecombinatiou, substantially as before set forth, of the table-plate, the reciprocating eye-pointed needle, the reciprocating perforating-hook, and the adjustable neetlleguide.

3. The combination, substantially as before set forth, ofthe table-plate, the reciprocating eyepointcd needle, the reciprocating perforating-hook, and the adjustable hook-guide.

5. The combination, substantially as before set forth, of the table-plate, the reciprocating eye pointed needle, the perforating-hook, and the foot or rest. v 1

6. The combination, substantially as before set forth, of the table-plate, the reciprocating eye-pointcd needle, the pertbratiug-hook, and the loop-holder.

7. The combination, substantially as before set forth, of the table-plate, the reci n'ocating eye-pointed needle, reciprocat ng perloratlnghook, a nd the gage to determine the position of the material. Fig. 10' represents the feed and loop holder 8. The combination, substantially as before cams in the positions they occupy when the set forth, of the table-plate, the recn n'oeating needle and perforating-hook occupy the posieye-pointed eedlc, the, pertoratinghooll, the Lions rcprcsci: ted in Fig. 12. l ig. ll repr'egage, and projecting riuiof the prcsser-Wheel. sents the same cams by continuous lines in 9. The combination, substantiallyas before the needle, the thread is prevented from rendering easily, and the continued ascent of the needle, as it perforatcs the material, draws the preceding loop-tight upon the body of he needle V The relative positions of the needle and hook cams E O at the time the needle reaches its lowest position are represented in continuous lines in Figs. 7 and 9, an( the relative positions of the same cams when the needle set forth, of the table-plate, the reciprocating In witness whereof I have hereto set my eye-pointed needle, the perforating-hook, and hand this 23d day qf March, A. D. 1876. the looper at the side of the table-plate oppo site that-from which the needle and perforat- SIDNEY -S. TUREER.

iugriiook move forward.

10. The method of connecting two pieces of Witnesses: fabric by means of a thread 'looped substan- J QSIAH UHILDS, tially as represented and described. NOAH NASON.

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