USRE6991E - Improvement in windmills - Google Patents

Description

A. S. BAKER & C. SNASHALL.

WIND-MILL.

Reissue@ March 14, 187e.

N.PETERS, PHOTD-LITNGSRAPMER. WASHINGTON. D C.

UNITED STATES :ParaN'r rrcn.

ALLEN S. BAKER AND GALEB SNASHALL, OF EVANSVILLE, WISCONSIN.

`IMPRQVEWIENT IN WINDMILLSK.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 150,275 dated April 28, 1874; reissue No. 6,991, dated March 14, 1876; application tiled Marchl, 1876. i

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ALLEN S. BAKER and OALEB SNASHALL, of Evansville, in the county of Rock and State of Wisconsin, have in vented a new and useful Improvement in` Windmills; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, -in which- Figure l is a vertical central section of the windmill in elevation. Fig. 2 is a separate view of the toothed gearing and their operating chains and weight, and Fig. 3 is a separate view of the friction-roller ring.

Similar letters of reference in the accompanying drawings denote the same parts.

This invention relates to that class ot' windmills in which the wheel automatically adjusts itself to the force of the air-currents by swinging laterally out of or into the wind,

` In said class of windmills one great desideratum is to get a simpleand eifective means for initiating the lateral movement of the wheel when the Wind becomes too heavy for it. Various expedients have been resorted to for the purpose, such as employing a top or side vane, hanging the wheel-shaft off the the center,7 as it is termed, or, in other words,

slightly out of line with the tail-vane, Src., all of: which have their respective advantages and disadvantages.

The first part of our invention 'consists in a new mode of accomplishing this object, to wit: by so constructing the Wheel and its connections that the force of the Wind, when vtoo great, will slightly raise the wheel and youter end ofthe wheel-shaft, and tip back their support, termed the mill-heath7 which backward movement of said parts throws the wheelo of the center, and initiates its lateral movement out of the wind.

Another object in this class oi' mills has been to obtain the most practical and effective means for protecting the operating mechanism from the weather; and the second part of our invention consists in a new provision for that purpose. Y

A third object has been to obtain the simplest and best mode of connecting the millhead and tail-vane, so as to secure the proper leverage to return the wheel to the'wind; and the third part ot' our invention accordingly consists in a new means for accomplishingl that object.

A fourth desideraturn in this-class of mills has been-to obtain the best means of supporting both the mill-head and tail-vane, and affording themtheir respective movements; to which end the fourth part of our invention consists in a new combination of wheel-support and vane-support, arranged concentrically, one within the other, both being held within'a suitable outer bearing, and supported byfriction-rollers, which permit them to move easily in said bearing.

In the drawings, A represents one of the standards, of which there are four, composing the tower, of suitable dimensions, drawing in toward each other at the top, and suitably tied by the screw-bolts B. To the top of this tower is fitted a suitable socket or bearing, U C b a, for supporting and centering the working parts ofthe mill, the essential requisites of which bearing are that it should have a central opening, circular in horizontal crosssection, so as to properly center the parts contained within it, and allow them to revolve varound a vertical axis of revolution, and that bearing, and traveling around on friction-rollers c, interposed between said two horizon tal surfaces. rEhe friction-rollers may be properly spaced by connecting them to a loose metal ring, D. The tail-vane N is attached to one side of the support F by means of a suitable arm, M, at the upper end of the support. From the same arm M another arm, O, curves upwardly and inwardly till its inner end is over the vertical axis ot" the mill,2wherei't is provided with a stud, h, extending downward from its under side. I-n connection with the revolving vertical vane-support F, we employ an independentlyrevolving vertical mill-head support, G, so arranged withrelation tothe vanesupport that onerevol'ves within the other, the inner one being centered and supported by the outer one, and the outer onecentered and supported by the bearing above described.

An arm, G', extends upward and outward from the top ot' the support G, for the purpose ofsust:-.inix1g the shaft H ofthe wind wheel I,`

suitable journal boxes e e being connected with it for that purpose, its bearings, are covered andprotected from the' vweather bya suitable metal plate, J, which` supports at its rear or inner end anexpanded` and pitman, L, to the machinery to be, operated by the mill, said pitman being suitably jointed beneath the crank to allow ity-a proper 'degree of iie'xibility, and prevent its lower part from binding inthe guides through which it passes. N ow,the first feature of our invention consists, as above stated, in adapting the mill-head (which in ourimprove'dmill,

is composed vot' the part-s. G' J A1') tobe moved backward by the undue force of the wind, and thereby to throw the wind-wheel .oi of the center,l or cause the wheel-shaft and. tail-vane to break joints. In order to permit, and at the same time to properly limit, this backward movement ofthe head, the stud 'h is caused to project downward intovafnarrowelongated slot, t, in the' dome J', which prevents'the dome or head from havingV any lat-- eral movement,.and allows Lit a backward and forward movement equalto the I'engthvof the. slot, less the diameter of the stud.

The weight of the wheel normally holds thehead forward; but whenever the wind be-` comes suiiiciently strong it will press'back the wind-wheel and its connected parts GHG' J J Atill the stud touches the forward end ot' the slot t', and in doing so will slightly' raise the wind-wheel and forward end of its shaft. .The continued force of the wind, acting upon the wheel in this position, will have the eiect'to' at once throw it `to one side orthe other, and,`

as suitable stops are providedto prevent it from moving to one side, it must, necessarily,`

be covered bya small flange on the end of the arm O, so as to. prevent rain andy snow from entering the millhead through said slot. The. workin g connection between the mill-head and' the tail-vane is effected by providing the lower The shaft H, and

edge of the cover J' with cog-teeth g, which maybe arrangedV upon a horizontal ange, f, and caused -to gear with the teeth-ot a s egyfuient-wheel, R, supported and journaled upon the studj of a lug, Q, attached to the part F.

The position ofl the lsegment causes it to operate as a stop topreventthe wind-wheel from swinging'tothe wrong side of the center when laterally deflected by the wind, and a cord or chain, Yyextending from the lower part of the segment to the side of the tail-vane, causes the latter'to hold the wheel to the wind so long as the force ofthe wind-is not sutlicient to move back the head and deflect the'wheel, as above described. In the normal position of the wheel the chain Y is drawn taut; but when the wheel is laterally deilected the chain hangs slack. An adjustableweight, k, connected to the segmentby a lever, S, serves to return the wind-wheel into the wind as the force of the latter abate's. 'l

The weight-k, lit will be observed, is Va weight of varying resista-nce, its reacting force increasing in proportion to the extent of deflection of' the wind-wheel. A chain, V, securedat the lower edge of the segment R, passes ina groove Aaroundsaid lower edge,

`thence over pulleys U and `T attached at suitable points-torthe vane-support, and thence down into thecavityof. said vvane-support, Where it .is connected witha rod, W, which extends down through the vbottom ofthe vanesupport far enough tov be .within convenient reach for operation. by hand.

Having thusdescribed our invention, we claim as newl. A windmill, in which the initial-lateral movement ofthe wheel out ofthe wind is effected automatically by the force of the wind tipping the wheel backward.

2. yluna windmilhthe combination'of the shaft-support and shaft-cover, with-a dome or cover supported by said Vparts,and arranged over the central openingv of thev` mil1to protect the workin gparts beneathfrom the elements.

' 3. "The combination of the-millfhead support G'G', wheel and shaft I H, cover J ,and dome I', substantially'as, and forthe Vpurposes set forth..

- 4. The combination of the slotted dome I',

lattached to the millfheadand the stud h, at-

tached to an arm extending from thetail-vane, substantially asand for the purposes set forth. 5. The combination Iof a .gear-rim attached vvto the mill-.headpandfhaving cog-teeth at its lower edge, with an independent toothed segment gearing lftherewith,.and` with a chain. or cord, Y, extending fromthe segment to `the tail-vane, substantially as and for the purposes described.

6. The combination of a'hand device, W V,

'for drawing. the wheel around, with the segment R, and a gear-rim toothed around its lowery edge and xed to the mill-head, substantiallyas and for the purposes described.

7. The combination of the weight 7c with the segment R, the gear-rim toothed around its lower edge and gearing with the segment,l

and the wind-Wheel and Yits support, substantially as-and for the purposes described.

8. The combination of an elongated and dow nwardl y-extendin g support and axis, F,for the tail-vane, and an elongated and downwardly-extending support and axis, G, for the mill-head, one arranged within the other, and a suitable centering and supporting bearing surrounding the outer one, and in which they both Work, substantially as described.

9. The combination of friction-rollers c c, with a shouldered bearing and supporting plate, and with an elongated and downwardly# extending tubular support and axis, F, for theY tail-vane, whereby the tail-vane is centered by its tubular portion extending down in the bearing, and is supported by the frictionrollers resting and working on the horizontal shoulder or surface of said bearing-plate, substantially as described.v

10. The combination of a practically-tuba'- lar bearing with an elongated and practically- 'tubular axis for the tail-vane, and an elongated axis for the mill-head, one of said axes workingwithin the other, andVIV with agloose revolving ring, D, connected with a set of friction-rollers, c o, substantially as and for the purposes described. p

11. The combination of the elongated and tapering tubular bearing G, the elongated and tapering tubular axis F, and the elongated and tapering axis G, substantially asand for the purposes described.

12. The combination of the parts U F G G with the Wheel and shaft H I, and the jointed pitman L, extending from the Wheel-shaft down through, and guided by, an aperture in the lower end of the parts F G, substantially as described.

CALEB SNASHALL. ALLEN S. BAKER.

Witnesses:

W. S. SMITH, J. S. HosKINs.

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