USRE6104E - Improvement in cooking-stoves - Google Patents

Description

' UNITED t STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NICHOLAS S. VEDDER, OF TROY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO JOSEPH B.

WILKINSON.

IMPROVEMENT lN QOOKlNG-STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 93,929, dated August 17, 1869; antedated July 13, 1869; reissue No. 6,104, dated October 27, 1874; application filed July 14, 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NICHOLAS S. VEDDEE, of Troy, in the county of Rensselaer and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Cooking-Stoves, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relates to that class of stoves that are provided with water-reservoirs, either wholly or partially incased, and in which the construction is such as to bring the products of combustion into direct contact with the walls of the reservoir; and its principal object is to produce a more equal distribution of the heat over the walls of the reservoir than has hitherto been affected, and particularly to cause the heated products of combustion to act upon the lower portion of the incased reservoir, where necessarily their action is the most efcient. It will also be observed that a flue-space is created between the bottom of the reservoir and the bottom of the casing, and that a system of draft is provided, so that the products of combustion pass into the reservoir-chamber, come in contact with the bottom as well as the sides of the reservoir, and then pass out to the exit-pipe Without having passed under the oven.

The drawings show my invention as applied to an ordinary three-flue cooking-stove.

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a cooking-stove, showing my said improvement applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a rear crosssectional elevation upon line 1 2 of Fig. 1, the reservoir being removed. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan upon line 3 4 of Fig. 1, under a slight modification to be hereinafter described. Fig. 4 is a detail plan of reservoir, with its lid or cover detached and thrown back, so as. to shew the under side thereof.

Like letters refer to like parts in each of the figures.

As my invention has to do only with the reservoir attachment of the stove, the drawings do not represent in full detail the construction of the stove itself.

A is the outer case of an ordinary threeflue cooking-stove; B, the fire-chamber 5 O, the oven; D D, the two diving-fines passing down at the back of the oven and under the same; E, the return-flue through which the products of combustion pass on their way to the exit-pipe, after having circulated under theroven; F, the pipe-collar; G, the damper for controlling the direct passage to the exitpipe; H, the hot-air chamber or casing which receives the water-reservoir; and I, the waterreservoir, whichis heated by the hot-air ad-A mitted to and caused to circulate in the chamber H. By preference I make the reservoir of greater depth than the chamber in which it is situated, the upper part of the reservoir, which projects above the top plate of the chamber, being enlarged laterally, so as to form a shoulder, il, which bears upon the top plate, and thus'supports the reservoir in position. By this construction of the reservoir I am enabled to heat a larger quantity of Water than if the entire body of the reservoir were to be sunk below the top plate and within the casing or chamber. That portion of the reservoir embraced within the hot-air chamber, isv sufficiently contracted to leave a {lue-space, H', between it and the walls of the casing. This intervening space may be' limited to the front sides and the two ends of the reservoir, as shown in Fig. 3, or may also extend around the rear side, as shown in Fig. 1. This space communicates with the descending ues by proper openings in the' vback plate of the stove, as shown at t2 i2, and with the return or ascending iiue by the `opening t3. From the lower edge of the openings i2 2 which connect the space H' with the diving-fines, horizontal partition-plates J J extend rearward until they meet the front wall ofthe reservoir, and thence still farther rearward between the end of the reservoir and the ends of the casing, but terminating before reaching the rear wall of the casing, the spaces jl jl being left between the ends of the partition and such rear wall. Vertical partitions, also,

stove and the front plate 'of the reservoir at points between the openings i2 i and the opening t3. These vertical partitions connect the horizontal partitions, before spoken of, with the top plate of the stove. When the damper G is turned into ahorizontal position, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 1, a direct passage is opened from the top sheet flue vextend between the back plate of theV under the bottom of ofthe stoveto the exit-pipe, which is placed in front of the reservoir and over the central vertical flue, and thus the products of combustion pass off without materially heating either the reservoir or the oven. Whenthe damper is in the position shown by the full lines, shutting oi the direct draft, the products of combustion will be turned into the side iiues, where the current will divide, a part passing down the tlues and under the oven and eventually ascending through .the central hue to the exit-pipe, and the other part entering the reservoir-chamber, circulating therein in contact with the reservoir, and iinally escaping through the aperture 3 into the ascend n g ilue of the stove.

The products of colnbustion that enter the reservoir-chamber are compelled, by my system of partition-plates, to circulate therein in contact with the Walls and bottom of the reservoir, substantially in the course indicated by the arrows, rst impinging upon the front wall ofthe reservoir, then passing rearward along the upper part of the end walls, then de# scending below the horizontal partitions and passing forward in contact with the lower part of the end walls and with the'bottom of the reservoir to the aperture 3.

The objects at which my invention aims are, irst,to effect a more even distribution of the heat upon the walls and bottom of the ncased reservoir than has been attained by previous constructions and, secondly, to heat the reservoir upon its vertical walls and bottom by direct draft, the products of combustion not passing under the oven. l

' Where, for instance, the exit-pipe has been placed behind the reservoir, the communica tion between'th'e inclosing-chamber and the fines of the stove being an aperture through the back plateof. the stove into the ascending flue, the main body of the 'current passes the reservoir, and up along its rear wall; or else passes around the ends, or. more probably, one of the ends, leaving the bottom comparatively unaffected.

So, also, where the hot air is admitted to the chamber from'one only of the'sid'e flues, and returned into the central IIue, 'being caused to travel around the reservoir by the interposition of a vertical flue-strip between the entrance and the exit aperture, the heat Will circulate mainly around the uppery part Iand bottom of the reservoir, and thus fail to act with the samey degree of uniformity upon all parts of the verticalwall and bottom of the reservoir.

Again, if it were not forthe presence of the flue-strip or division-plates in the reservoirchamber, the products of combustion, on passing throughthe apertures leadingout from the descending ilues, would pass at once, and bythe shortest'course, to the aperture vleading from the reservoir-cham ber to the ascending flue, thus acting with full intensity upon a comparatively small portion of the reservoir, and hardly at all'upon the lower parts thereof. This undesirable result is prevented by the introduction of the divisi'oirplates, which cause the products of combustion to pass at rst along the walls of the reservoir, toward the back part of the chamber. Then, passing' the ends of the plates, they return toward the escape-aperture, and, as a result of the longer distance they are thus compelled to travel, they are distributed with a much greater uniformity over the outer surface of the reservoir, and notably over the lower parts thereof, than it the divisioirplates were not used.

By bringing the products of combustion into the reservoir-chamber directly from the descending iiues, before they have passed under the oven, and thus parted with a large portion of their caloric, a more marked effect can be produced upon the contents of the res-v ervoir than 'if they were to be admitted from l an aperture in the ascending iue.

Again, the method of heating the reservoir provided with a flue-space between the bottom of the reservoir and the bottom of the casing, aswell as the space around its vertical walls, so that the caloric can come in contact with the walls andbottom of the reservoir, by leading into such reservoir-chamber the products of combustion before the same have traversed the bottom of the oven, and thenI returning them to the exit passage, is an improvement over any other known method of heating evenly and quickly a'water-reservoir. f

By introducing the products of combustion into both ends of the reservoirchamber si'- multaneously, I still further aid the even dis-y tribution of the heat over the walls of the reservoir, as I thus heat both ends alike.

The special construction of the casing shown in Fig. 3, where the larger portion of the back wall thereof is cut away, leaving. only enough of the outer edges of the same to close in the spacebetween the casing and the ends and bottom of the reservoir,'is designed to effect a `saving in `metal, and' thereby reduce the weight and the expense of' the structure.

Inasmuch as the front side, the two ends, and the bottom of the reservoir are exposed to the direct action of the currents, this can be doney without any 'serious loss of heat, the slight loss that would arise being, perhaps, more than counterbalanced by the saving of material and cost, as above indicated. f

What I claim as my invention is- 1. In combination with the descending flues of a diving-nue stove, which is provided at the rear thereof with" a water -reservoir, vwholly or partially-incased flue or division -pla-tes arranged relatively to the reservoir and to the apertures leading out of the descending iiue,

substantially as described, so as to cause the products of combustion to passbaokward and forward over' the exterior of the reservoir, substantially for the purpose set forth.' f

3. In combination with an incased waterreservoir located at the rear of a stove, the flue tion of aiiue-space created between the bottom of the reservoir and the bottom of the casing with the ascending rear lue, provided with an aperture or opening through which the products of combustion are allowed to pass before entering the exit-pipe, Without passing under the oven. i

4.. In a diving-Hue cookingstove havin gepenings from the rear fines directly through the stove back into a reservoir casing or chamber located in rear of said ues, the combination of the said back plate, provided with apertures or openings, with a Hue-space created between the bottom ofthe reservoir and the bottom of the casing7 the products of combustion circulating through said reservoir-chamber-and out to the exit-pipe Without passing under the oven. 5. A water-reservoir7 in combination with a casing which lits closely against the vertical rear Wall of the reservoir, the central part of the back of the casing being cut away, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. y NICHOLAS S. VEDDER.

Witnesses:

H. CLAY BAsooM, WILLIAM KING.

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