USRE5928E - Improvement in treating and molding pyroxyline - Google Patents

Description

UNITED S A-res Orrrcn JOHN w. HYATT, JR.,-Ann" lSAlAH s. HYATT, 0F NEWARK, NEW JERSEY,

nssmnons, Business ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE GELLULOID MANUFAC-r TUBING, eonrnuv, or. NEW YORK G/ITY.

men'ov smenr IN TREATING, AND moLolnei PvRoxvuns.

Specification tonning' pnrt at Lettera P'atent No. 105,3.38,-datcd J my '12, 1870; reissue No. 5,998. dated June 23,1874; application tlled'May 26, 1874. I

1'.) all whom it may concern.-

Be it' known that we, J 01m \V; HiYAT T, r., and IsAIAHJSMrrH liYATT, late of Albany,

New York, but now residing at Newark, in .t-h'e county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have. jointly invented certain. new and useful Improvements in lroccsscs of Oon'vcrting lyroxyline and Making. Solid- Collodion, of which invention the following is aspecification:'- 'Pyroxyli'ne is one of the well-understood forms of nitrocellulose-math to say,-it is cellulose which has been subjected to the ac tion otsulphuric and nitric acids, and thereby lidilled, and'in this form available as a substitute for horn, ivory, bone,&c., while at. the

same time it is capable of being rendered'plastic by. heat, of being, whilejina plastic state,

molded into'any desired form or shape,aud," after being thus molded, resuming-its hard.-

ness and retaining its shape.

' Our invention -is based upon our'discovery'.

made in the course of our experiments towa "theattaiilment of this object, of theffiict that i 'gum-camphor'in a powdered or tlnely-comrn'i nuted state remains, under ordinary temperatux-es, inert whenmechanically mixed with 'pyroxyhne, of which, in solution or in aliquid state,-it is, under ordinarytemperat on when such a nn xturc is-subjected to heatabove the ordinarytemperatures, the ca nphor becomes an active converting agent, and transactive solvent, and "of the further fact -t t,

forms the pyroxyline into collodion as eflectively as had. bccndone with solutions.- And these discoveries enable us to, substitute a mechanical mixture for the solutionslheretofo employed to keep the converting power latent or hold 'it in' abeyance until its action can be developed under the best conditions,

and with the best eifect, instead of having-"to contend with the difliculties incident to the premature and partial action of solutions immediately upon coming in contact with the pyroxyline, and, while ultimatelyntilizing all the converting power of the camphor, to avoid the eitpense and loss of solvents, such as ether andalcohol, which were driven ofl' or volatile i l the process of transformation. Other latent converting agents may be used in a similar way to effect asimilar result.

paling pyroxyline and a latent converting :O'ur invention, accordingly, consists in preagent for being mechanieally'mixed, and mixiug them in such mannerthat the converting agentremains inert untilthe compound is subjected tea treatment that develops its converting, power, and also in subjecting a compound of pyroxyliue and a. latent converting agent; to a treatment which will develop the power of the convertingagent, thereby trans-- forming the pyroxyline into solidified. eollodion v gIu thepractice of our invention, weprepare pyroxyline by grindinghit in water toa pulp in a mach without; the intervention o't'solutiQns or volane suclras is used in g n paper-. 1ulp.v Ne strain oi! the water as far as practicablqan'd 'then'subject thisp'ulpt0 powerful pressure-for example, in aperforated vessel, to further expel the aqueous moisture, and to bring it to a comparatively solid and dry state, yet still retaining sufticient moisture to prevent it -fi-om burn ng-in the thrtherstag'csof the process. v

. -We comminute gu'mcamphorby' grinding it in water, or, preferably, by pounding or rolling it, and-thoroughly incorporate, with the pyroxyline-pulp in the condition lastabove described,

thisflnely-oomminuted camphor, in about the proportion of one part, by weight, ofcamphor to two parts by weight, of the pyroiyline in the pulp. hose proportions may, however, be somewhat varied with good results. The moisture in the pulp serves to counteract any.

tendency of the compiler to" prematurely develop its converting power under any stimulus incident. toits being incorporated with the pulp, or to the further stages of the process.

With the camphor we 'also thoroughly incorporate, with the pulp, any pigments, coloringmatter, or other materials that may be adaptedto the requirements of the-urtielesinto.

which the product is to be manufactured. The

cmhphor, or camphor and other ingredients,

having been thusthoroughly mixed with the .pulp,'\ve'n.ext subject the mass to a powerful pressurqgin order to expel the remaining aqueous jnioisture, and thereby not only dry the mixtnreybut force the cumphor into more intimate contact with the pyroxyline throughout the mass, so that every atom. of the camphor'shall be in condition and place to exiert its utmost converting power as developed. The dried and compressed mass is next placed ina suitable mold or vessel open. at thctop,

and into this open top is fitted a platen. or plunger. The vessel is then placed in a. hydraulic or other powerful press, and a heavy pressure, applied to the platen or plunger, is brought to bear upon the mixture, which, while tlius under pressure, is heated up, by steam or other convenient means, to a tem pew-tore of from 150 to 300 Fahrenheit, varying according to the quantity of the mixture,- nnd the mixture is kept at this temperature will under this pressure until the converting power of the camphor she'll have been exerted uponthe pyroxyline throughout the mess, the heat developing the latentconverting power of thecumphor, and the camphor exerting this converting power actively upon every atom .of the pywxylinepvith which thepressuremuin- 'tuins it in close contact. The process of transformation is rapidly efi'ected, and is completed almost as soon as the mass attains its maximum temperature, theresulting product being a. homogeneous produchsolidified collodion,

or collodioncompound having the qualities or. -1'n'opcrties hercinbefore specified. This proluc't, as it comes fronrthe press,'is of a consistency resembling that of sole-leather, but upon exposure to the atmosphere it burdens,

alcohol, or other solutions or volatile solvents,

which would be entirely expelled or 1ost, hu't by its presence gives the solidifiedcollodion or componndfthe'new capability of being again rendered .plastic by heat, and remolded into any desired form or shape without requiring the use of,solutions or volatile solvents, or the addition of fusible gums, as heretofore. Having-thus described the nature and ob= ject of our-discovery and invention, vvha-t we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

The combination .of pyroxyline with camphor gum, or any equivalent converting agent, in such manner that the trausibrming action of the converting agent is kept intent, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. 2. The method, substantially as herein described, of developingthe latent power of the converting agent, by the application of heat to amixture of pyroxyline and gum-cmnphor, or its equivalent, for the purposes setforth.

3. The method, substantially as herein described, of making s'olidcollodion, by subjecting a mixture of pyroxyline and n Intent solveutto heat and pressure. t 4. The method-,substentinlly as herein described, of converting pyroxyline into solid collodion, by the use of solid solvents.

5.-The new material herein described, con sisting of pyroxyline and gum-cmnphor, orjts equivalent, with or without thcaddition of other substances t-oincreuse its body or change its color, the some being capable of being softened hv heat-and rcmolded or tin-med, as

described.

JOHN W. HYATT, JR. ISAIAH SMITH HYATT.

' Witnesses:

' 0114s. E. HILL,

Ronsnrcn M. SANGER-