USRE521E - Improvement in eccentric explosive shells - Google Patents
Improvement in eccentric explosive shells Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USRE521E USRE521E US RE521 E USRE521 E US RE521E
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- shell
- eccentric
- head
- improvement
- fuse
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003292 diminished Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Definitions
- N-PETERS PHOTO-LUNOGRAPHER. WASNIHG'ION D. C.”
- my invention consists in arranging a given weight of metal for a spherical shell of any size to fire from cannon or shell-guns in such manner that the greatest amount of his inertia; is obtained to keep or retain the fuse-hole in front in the flight of the shell withthe least proportionate displace ment of the powderspace in the interior of the shell by combining with and uniformly around the fuse-hole the flat-based segment of a solid sphere, and with and behind this the segment of a hollow sphere, forming externally a smooth spherical surface, and inter nally the eccentric form with fiat base around the fuse-hole.
- Figure l is a section through the fuse-hole, head, and center of the shell.
- A is a flat-based segment of a solid sphere, having the fuse-hole Bthrough its center, east onto a segment, 0 (J, of a 1101- low sphere, in one piece therewith, the two segments forming a perfectly smooth spherical external surface, F F, free from lugs, ears, wings, or any other metallic protuberance on such external surface.
- D D- is the fiat base of the head.
- E is the metal of the hindmost part of the shell.
- G is the hollow or powder-space to contain the exploding-powder.
- A is the external front surface of this head
- B is the fuse-hole in or through the center of the head.
- the dotted linesD D show where the hindmost segment connects with the head.
- F F is the external surface.
- This form of head must have the fuse-hole through its center.
- the external surface of the shell must be spherical, free from lugs, ears, or other protuberance of metal, and the hindmost part of the sphere, as it recedes from the base, must be of the same or uniform thickness throughout, or slightly diminish in thickness toward the rear part, E, as is often occasioned by the rising of the core in casting the shell, in order to obtain the conditions of my invention.
- the ois inertia; of the head over the his inertia: of the metal of the hinder part of the shell is increased by thaprop or-" tional increase of thickness of the head, and diminished by the proportional diminution of thickness of the head.
- the fuse used should. be a metallic one, in
Description
W. W. HUBBELL.
Shell.
N0. 521. Reissued Jan. 19, 1858.
N-PETERS, PHOTO-LUNOGRAPHER. WASNIHG'ION D. C."
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
WILLIAM W. I-IUBBELL, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.
IMPROVEMENT 1N ECCENTRIC EXPLOSIVE SLHELLS.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 14,133, dated January 22, 1856; Reissue No. 521. dated I January 19, 1858.
To all whom, it may concern.-
Be it known that LWILLIAM W. HUBBELL, of the city of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Eccentric Explosive Shells; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the annexed drawings.
The nature of my invention consists in arranging a given weight of metal for a spherical shell of any size to fire from cannon or shell-guns in such manner that the greatest amount of his inertia; is obtained to keep or retain the fuse-hole in front in the flight of the shell withthe least proportionate displace ment of the powderspace in the interior of the shell by combining with and uniformly around the fuse-hole the flat-based segment of a solid sphere, and with and behind this the segment of a hollow sphere, forming externally a smooth spherical surface, and inter nally the eccentric form with fiat base around the fuse-hole.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a section through the fuse-hole, head, and center of the shell. A is a flat-based segment of a solid sphere, having the fuse-hole Bthrough its center, east onto a segment, 0 (J, of a 1101- low sphere, in one piece therewith, the two segments forming a perfectly smooth spherical external surface, F F, free from lugs, ears, wings, or any other metallic protuberance on such external surface. D D-is the fiat base of the head. E is the metal of the hindmost part of the shell. G is the hollow or powder-space to contain the exploding-powder.
In-Fig. 2, which represents a front View of the shell, A is the external front surface of this head, and B is the fuse-hole in or through the center of the head. The dotted linesD D show where the hindmost segment connects with the head. F F is the external surface. This form of head must have the fuse-hole through its center. The external surface of the shell must be spherical, free from lugs, ears, or other protuberance of metal, and the hindmost part of the sphere, as it recedes from the base, must be of the same or uniform thickness throughout, or slightly diminish in thickness toward the rear part, E, as is often occasioned by the rising of the core in casting the shell, in order to obtain the conditions of my invention. The ois inertia; of the head over the his inertia: of the metal of the hinder part of the shell is increased by thaprop or-" tional increase of thickness of the head, and diminished by the proportional diminution of thickness of the head. As a general rule, to makethethickness oftheheadthrough thefusehole twice as great as the thickness of the metal -of the hinder part of the shell gives a good standard practical effect, and to diminish or increase this proportional thieknessof the head diminishes or increases the intensity of the oils inertia of the head over the his titertiw of the hinder part, though still preserving the least displacement of the powder-space in proportion to such preponderance of the @138 inertice of the foremost over the m's inertia? of thehindmost part of the shell. 4
The fuse used should. be a metallic one, in
order to have its weight cooperate largely in favor of the his inertia: or weight of its head,
and the ordinary sabot of hard wood should. be used on the hindmost part of the shell, in
order to hold the shell while passing out of the gun in the same position that it will naturally occupy in its flight. Experiments with this arrangement of metal of the .shell, fired. with the ordinary sabots of ash-wood and the fuse foremost in the gun,'have proved it to fly with precision, have great strength to penetrate without fracture, and explode with uniformity.
I am aware that both spherical and oblong shells having eccentric hollows and re-enforcements around the fuse-hole have been used before my invention, and I do not claim such arrangement of metal nor their effects. They all differ materially from minein their col-
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