USRE4487E - Improvement in buildings for preserving fruits and other substances - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PA'IE/N'I` OFFICE.

BENJAMIN MARKLY NYCE, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

IMPRDVEMENT IN-BUILDINGSIR PRESERVl-NGJRWS'AND OTHER SUBSIANCES.

- Specification forming part of Letters Patel/1t No. 31,734, dated March 1S), 1861 reissue No. 3,252, datcdJauuary 5, 1869;

reissue No. 4,487, dated July 25, 1871.

To all whom it may concern.:

Beit known that I, BENJAMIN MARKLE Y NYcn, of Cleveland, Cuyahoga county and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful. Improve- Aments in Houses for Preserving Fruits, Meats,

y house eon'tail'iing my improvements. Fig. Bris a transverse section oi-thesainef- Fig. i is a longitudiual section thereof.

Similar letters ofrcierenee indicate correspondingl parts in each figure.

.lhe construction and operation are as follows: The ground surface A inclosed by the walls l; should be coatcdnvitli some durable and impervious substance, C, like pitch or cement, to exclude moisture. Upon this coating should be spread some three or four feet of chaff, l), upon which lay ioists E to supporta vapor-punit' door, F, ot" wood, metal, or cement, to exclude odor or moisture. The inclosingl walls should be as air and heattight as practicable, and may be made as follows: G and G' are outer and inner fame-works of scautling sheathed with sheet-metal I l', thejoints secured by solder, overlapping, and nailing, or otherwise; or they may be made of brick orlstone or any other suitable material, though [consider the method first described preierable to all othels. The spaces between the walls may be packed with chaff, sawdust, tan-bark, or other non-coiuluctor. The doors K K should also be iliade double, and packed in the sameffmauuer. Rooms of large size intended for the preservation of delicate articles should be sulnlivided by sheetmetal partitions. l\l is a metallic i'loor for supporting the ice. (lralvanized sheet-iron is, l think, the best material. It should be made tight by riveting and soldering, so as to prevent the pas- ,sage oi' air and moisture, Iand slightly'sloping toward the ventages m to ciu-ry off theI water from the melting ice. L L are ,joists for supporting the metallic iloor. rl`hey should be made wholly, or at least at their upper edges, of metal; and these edges should be as small as practicable, so,

as to atford suicient support to the floor and` at the same time secure the grtattest and most equal exposure of, the underfsurlfa'ce of the floor, thus I obtaining a more uniform melting of the ice and greater degree of cold.-` Or,.instead of edges of metal, we"v may use knobs or blocks of metal, taking care in every cas j to secure a suicient -support for the floor, according to the size ofthe house or chamber and the quantity of ice to be stored in it. vl is a flexible diaphragm or covering for the ice, iliade. of tarpauliu, lndia rubber, or oth'er liexible and impervious material, and supported at its outer edges by a wooden frame, so as to prevent theI sinking of the diaphragm behveen the body of the melting ice and'the sides ofthe reservoir. The space between the cover and the roof is packed with chaff or other light noii-conductor. lt It are cords depending from the roof, by which the diaphragm and its inclosingI frame may be suspended atany desired height and in a horizontal position, being let d'own from time to time as the ice melts. T is an atmospheric agitator, driven bythe windmill W-f, to secure the equahle dryness and -temperature of the air. U U vare shallow troughs, slightly' inclined, to contain chloride of calcium to absorb the moisture. ',lhe chloride, as it i'leliquesces, gradually descends and is caught in vessels at the lower end of the troughs, from which it is taken and dried over a fire, and returned to the upper eud of the troughs to go through the same process. VV V are pans for charcoal or other antiseptic substance. 7 7 are shelves for supporting fruit, &c. a vestibule or auteroom leading', to the main chamber, and having 'in its upper'- part a coil, X, and tank a; to receive the meltings from thc ice. lts temperature may be regulated by opeuing and closing the faucet .'L". Yis a double window, closed by a thick non-conduet ing shutter, Y.

This vestibule is useful for a variety of purposes. lt prevents immediate (mmmunieation between the inner and outer air. Being from seven to ten degrees "armcctlmn the main chamber, it maybe used to conta-iii articles requiring less cold or to ripen fruit. lt may be provided with apparatus for agitating, purifving, aiul drying the' air, as in the main chamber, and may, if necessary, ,be/'divided into' compartments in the samenumner.

i ofthe nir in the preserving-ehamber employV u .bei'lt beam, 3, poised on 4the fulerum 4, und inw- A. is neeessztry for preserving fruit.

to preserve leger-beer n temperature of 460 will breweries in the world from June to September.

' If 'ci uniform temperature of 400 will not suiee,

To determine the eXa-othygrometrie condition ing` :it one end :t cup, 5, containing' :L solution oi chloride of eitleium, und et its other end :t pointer, (l.l which, as the cup rises aynd'fulls, indicates in seele 7 the slightest'ehenge of moisture.

It is obvious that there are purposes to whieh these imlnoveinents are applieitble that do not require so greet u degree of cold and. dryness es For exemple,

answer, 430 bein g the best temperature to insure the slouT und even ehemienl ehunges necessary during its two weeks oi" fermentation--u necessityT which has heretofore elosed almost all the For ull suehpurposes the strict eouditions here-v in stated may be modiiied :recording Ies greater/f 0r lesser eold und dryness are desired. It' moisture is not detrimental, lea-ve .ont the ztbsorbents.

the i Y:tlls and foundation may be less perfect and the instructions for insulatingl the metzillie floor less .rigidly adhered to; The floor ought still, in

all euses, in my jludgment, to be tight; but this is not iInlispensuble. The leuke-ge may be eerried ofi' `bytroughs or other Ineens, und the ordinary dumpness, whieh would be feta-l Yto fruit, is, in other euses, less prejudieiul.

The inventions herein described :tre improvements on those described in my former patent'ot' November 2, 1858, und the reissues ofthe seme.

"Wha-t I now eluim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Potent, is

1. A metalllie floor, supported by bloeks or Der row edges of metal in zur insulated house, with iee above und 2L preserving-eluunber belowT sub stnfntiully as deseribed.

2. The use efe vestibule or auterooi'u, in eombiimtien with. un insulated house, substantially as oeseribed.

3. The metallic floor, es in the first eluim, in combination with absorbente, applied und operating substantially as deseribed.

BENJAMIN M. NYUE.

Witnesses:

JoHl E'. BURRIDe-n,

y 1). L. HUMPHREY.

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