USRE4169E - Improvement in selt-reaulating windmills - Google Patents

Description

UNITEI) STATES THE CONTINENTAL VINDMILL COMPANY, OFNEW YORK,

' l `OF ADDISON 1). BROWN.

PATENT OFFICEn N. Y., ASSIGNEES iMPRovnMnNT IN entr-REGULATING wmnntrnns.. i

y:S'pecz'jicmio'n forming part of Letters Patent No. 13,156? dated yJuly 3, 18.55; years `reissue No.i4,169, datedv October 25,- 1870. e

extended seven To all whom it may concern Beit known that I, ADDISON P. BROWN, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful-Improvements in Windmills; and that the following is av full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying draw,- ings, making part of this specification.

Prior to my said invention deviceshad been constructed designed for regulating the V.veloc-j ity of. windmills under varying pressures of wind. Some depended upon the increased velocity of the wind-wheel alone, and others upon the increased pressure ofthe wind. Thet only result attained by the one class was toprevent the velocity from becoming excessively injurious, and in the other to 'prevent injury to the machinery by excessive pressure on the sail-surface; but by -neither of the two methods alone could an approximation to a yuniform velocity be attained.

The object of my said invention wasby a combination of mechanism to obtain a windmill which would vary but slightly in avelocity, whatever might be the force of the wind; and that resultI obtained by a combination of two mechanisms, by the first of which the increased pressure of the Wind against the sails increases the inclination of their surfaces to the plane of motion of the windwheel so as vto reduce the area of sail-surface presented to the direct action of the wind, and, second, by so connecting weights with the wind-wheel that by the centrifugal action due to such increased velocity the angle of the surface of the sails to the plane of motion ofthe windwheel shall be increased beyond what would be e'ected by the direct pressure of the wind alone. By such combination of the two forces I am enabled more eectnally to regulate the velocity of windmills than by any other known means. 4

In the accompanying drawings, A represents the turn-table, which is to be suitably mounted on a frame,V so that it can be turned thereon bya vane, B, as is well known to persons skilled in this branch of the arts.

The shaft U of the lwind-wheel is mounted in suitable boxes on this turn-table; and on' its inner end it has a bevel cog-wheel, U, which engages another bevel cog-wheel, T-, the hollow arbor of which is fitted to turn freely on a vertical stud in the center of the turn table, and on the arbor of the bevel-wheel T there is a spur-wheel, V, which engages another spurwheehV, on the upper end of a nearly vertical"`shaft,lS, the lower-end of ywhiclris connected by any suitable luniversal joint with ay pulley, t, or other suitable -device for communicating back motion to machinery.

' By this arrangementrof gearing, all tendenc to turn the turn-table by the turning of the wind-wheel is prevented, for it will be seen that if the horizontal bevel-wheel T was on the vertical shaft for driving machinery connected with it,'the resistance to-the rotation vof the vertical shaftv would causethe turntable to be turned by the power of the windv wheel, but as the bevel-wheel T and its spurwheel V are interposed between the bevel-- wheel U, on the shaft C of the wind-wheel, andthe spur-wheel W, on the'driying-shaft S, it follows that the resistance of the one-balances the force of the other, so that the turntable is free to bevturned by the action of the wind on the vane B to keep the wind-wheel to the wind.

A hub or disk is fitted and feathered to slide on the outer end of the shaft C, and to turn with it, andbetween the hub E and a fixed collar, e, on the shaft a coiled spring, F, is interposed, the tension of which tends to `keep the hub E against any suitable collar or shoulder on the outer end of the shaft. Radial 'arms I project from the said hub E, and these arms are connected by oblique braces M. to a sliding collar, N, that slides freely on the shaft C. On the said-radial arms I are mounted the sails K, by suitable collars `L and H, free to slide and turn on the said arms. The collars L are formed with an oblique slot, c, which slides on a pin. fr, projecting from the arms I, so that when the sails slide in or out on the arms the sails are turned from the plane of motion of the wind-wheel by reason of the Obliquity of the slotslc in the outer collars L. The collars vH are connected by oblique connecting-rods a with the fixed collar D spring F, the entire wind-wheel is caused to slide inward .on the shaft O, and by reason of the connection of the sliding collars H of the sails with the fixed collar D on the shaft bythe oblique connecting-rods a, the sails are forced outward ou the radial arms. I, and as they move outward they are caused to turn on the arms by the sliding of the oblique slots v c of collars L, thereby increasing the angle of the face of the sails to the plane of their revolution. I

And it will be seen also that as the velocity of the wind-wheel is increased, the sails acting as movable weights are forced to slide outward by centrifugal force, and thereby to increase the obliquity of their surface to the plane of their revolution, thereby taking them more out of the wind, so as to reduce the velocity.

Instead of the spring F for resisting the inward motion of the hub E by the pressure of the wind, a weight, P, may be employed. This weight may be suspended by a cord to an oblique rod, Q, one end of which is forked to embrace a vertical rod, and provided with a roller, R, that bears against the said rod; the other end is forked to embrace a collar, O.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The arrangement of the weights on the wind-Wheel, substantially as described, so'that their positionV on the wind- Wheel shallfbe affected by centrifugal force, in combination with hinged sails, substantially as described,

and for the purposes specified, so that the inclination of the sails relatively to the direction ot' the wind shall be increased by the increased velocity of thc wind-Wheel.

2. In combination with the Weights connected with the sails tol shift their inclination by'centrifugal force, the means vsubstantially as described for shifting the inclination of the sails by the direct pressure of the wind, as set forth. y l 3. The arrangement, of the gearing for communicating motion from the wind-wheel shaft to the driving-shaft byinterposed reversing cog-wheels, substantiallyas described, in combination with the turn-table, or equivalent, and the vane for holding the windwheel to the wind, as set forth.

4. A Weight or its fequivalent in combination with and to resist the centrifugal action of the weights which shift the inclination of the sails, substantially as described.

A.' P. ,BROS/VN.r

Witnesses:

WM. H. BISHOP, EDWARD U. REEHILL.

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