USRE3572E - Improvement in type setting and distributing machines - Google Patents

Description

REISSUED JULY 27, 1869.

T. ALDEN. TYPE SETTING MACHINE.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1..

OOOOOOOOOOOOOQO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO 0000 0000 ooooooooooooooo ooooooooooooooooo 00 0000 000000 0 No. 3,572. REISSUED JULY 27 1869.

T.VALDEN. TYPE SETTING MACHINE.

5 SHEETS-+SEBET 2.

1n: NORRIS PETERs co, vmsnmcmu. n. c.

No. 3,572. REISSUBD JULY 27, 1-869.

T. ALDEN.

TYPE SETTING MACHINE. a SHEET88HEBT a.

was NORRIS PETERS cuv, vusnmamn. 11 c.

T. ALDEN. TYPE SETTING MACHINE.

REISSUED JULY 27, 1869.

s sums-41mm 4.

- WWWWM nu: NORRIS PETERS c0. \usnmcrzm. n. c.

No. 3,512. I REISSUED JULY 27; 1869,- T. ALDEN.

TYPE SETTING MACHINE.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

VIII IOIRII PITIRJ 90-. IAsImcmu, n.

QREISSUED JULY 27, 1869.

T. ALDEN. TYPE SETTING MACHINE.

5 SHBET8SHEBT 6.

0., wAsHuvcrmv, n. c

'struction and operation.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THE ALDEN TYPE SETTING AND DISTRIBUTING MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNEES. BY MESNE- ASSIGNMENTS, OF TIMOTHY ALDEN.

IMPROVEMENT lN TYPE SETTING AND DISTRIBUTING-MACHINES.

Specification Iorming part of Letters Patent No. 18,175, datedSeptember 15, 1857; Reissue No. 3,572, dated July 27, 1869.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that TIMOTHY ALDEN, of New York, county of New York, and Stateof New York, du ing his life-time did invent certain new and useful Improvements in Machinery for Setting and Distributing Types; and. I, O. T. LIVERMORE, President of ,the ALDEN TYPE SETTING AND DISTRIBUTING MACHINE COMPANY, do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of said invention, reference being had to the a11- nexed drawings, making a part of this specification, which are fully described and referred to by letter herein-that is to say:

The improvements in machines for setting and distributing type above referred to consist in a machine partly automatical in its operation, and partly operating by the action. of an attendant. The purely automatical' part lies in the type-distributing operation, while the'setting of type is governedby the attendant. Both setting and distributing may be I going on at the same time or separately. A.

machine of which the functions are so varied must of necessity be composed of many parts having more or less complexity, both in con- In order to give clear comprehension of those parts while bein g described in detail, in' the first instance, a general description of the invention will be given.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a top-view or plan of this machine. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section thereof on the line A B of Fig. 1, looking toward the back. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line D O of Fig. 1. Fig. 4a is a top or plan view of the parts below the bed or floor of the machine,- that floor being removed. Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line E F of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a like section on the line G H of Fig. 1, both of these being, as seen, toward the front.

The other figures are all of parts in detail, and are fully referred to in their appropriate places.

Similar letters indicate like parts in all the figures- This machine may be properly set forth under three general heads or divisions, viz:

First, the mechanism for conveying the type to and from the type-cases and composing anddistributing tables, including the arrangement of the type-cases; second, the mechanism for distributing the type, in connection with the aforesaid means; and, third, the mechanism for setting the type, in connection with said first-named means.

The type is carried from one place to another upon the edge of a wheel, kept .in constant rotation by some suitable power independent of the attendant upon the machine. is supported in a horizontal position above a suitable bedplate or table, a plan view of which is semicircular, or rather of a horseshoe form, as in Fig. 1, the carrying-wheel being seen at J. Around the, circular part of the table are arranged the type-cases K, being a series of narrow channels, each of the width of a type, and pointing toward the center of the type-carrying wheel, the inner ends of the channels terminating near the circumference of said wheel. The type-cases embrace about two-thirds of the carrying-wheel. The square part of the bed-plate forms a table, upon which stands the mechanism for distributing and composing, in connection with the type-carrying wheel, the right-hand half of said table being occupied by the former, and the lefthand by the latter. Upon the extreme left is the galley M, wherein the type, as fast as set up into lines, is formed into column, im-

mediately adjoining which is a series of keys, L, consisting of buttons, the shanks of which pass vertically through the table, and actuate a series of levers and wires leading to the inside of the carrying-wheel, where they efl'ect the set of the indicators by which the proper type is taken from its case and brought round to the setting-table, where they are deposited in a channel, 1, and fed along toward the galley, to be formed into column.

On the opposite side of the -table is another galley or bed, W, to hold the column of dead matter, or type to be distributed. -At the head of this galley is a channel, a, which terminates at about the center of the table, and near to the periphery of the carrier-wheel, and tangent to said wheel. 1

This wheel.

By the operation of suitable mechanism, as a line of type is taken off the column that line is forced along the channel toward the carrier, so that as the first type is picked off and distributed the column is fed up, and when the first line is finished another line is taken off, and so on until the whole is distributed into the cases.

The manner in which the type is distributed, so that the proper case itis to go into can be indicated is efi'ected by a system of nicks upon the shank of the type itself, whereby, before leaving the channel and being taken up bythe conveyor on the carrying-wheel certain parts are set in a given position, which indicates the proper case into which the type is to be deposited, so that the wheel holds'onto the type until, by its revolution, the type arrives opposite the mouthof the appropriate.

channel of the set of cases first mentioned, when it is deposited therein, the type maintaining always its erect position.

Upon the face of the earrying--wheel are two sets of conveyers, 9 and d, one set, d, be-

ing for distributing only, and. one, 0, for setting. These are plates, so constructed and fixed to the carrying-wheel that, while the latter has a constant and unvaryin g motion, the former may be permitted to stop for a period, and then go on with the wheel, and also to overtake and reassume their former position.

On each conveyer is a pair of fingers to gripe the type, and also certain parts which efiect the opening and closing the same, together with means for thrusting the type out of the conveyer.

The times for opening and closing the fingersfor taking the type and forthrusting the type out are governed by two sets of mechanism. In the case of distiibuting, this is accomplished automatically, and is determined, as before remarked, by the nicks on the type; but in setting: it is governed according to the will of the compositor who plays upon the keys. These conveyors are arranged around the carrier alternately-4'. a, first a settingconveyer, and next a distributing-conveyor, & c. There may be eight orten, or even more, of each kind to the w eel. These conveyers, when the machine is both composing and distributing, stop twice at each revolution of the carryingwheel, as follows: The distributing conveyers always stop at the end of the channel a leading from the column of type being distributed, and, having taken a type, stop again at the proper-channel in the cases K for the letter they carry. The composingconveyers stop at the channel indicated by.

the compositor through the keys, and stop again to-deposit-their types at the mouth of the channel f leading on the column of the galley.

'1 This machine has also this peculiar characteristic, viz.,,that the compositor can compose ahead or faster than the type is delivered by the wheel. There is a twofold" object .for this the one is that the carryingovheel shall ally to see to the correct working of the distributing part, as also to justify his lines, and set the same into column upon the galley, be-

sides aifordin'g a certain amount of physical relief. The continuous revolution of the car rying-wheel is therefore effected by an independent power of suitable character, andthe speed of the same is to be such as to allow of the necessary time for the conveyers to operate.

v 1st Dim'sz'on.--Under this head will be described the mechanism for conveying the type from place to place, the arrangement and construction of thetypecases, with the mode of delivering and receiving the type in those, to-

gether with the various devices for indicating what types are to bethus delivered and received in the process of composing and distributing.

The type is carried to and from the cases upon the edge'of a constantly-rotating wheel moving horizontally upon a central axis.

This wheel, represented at J in the several figures, is not supported by its axis, the pin is, forming said axis, being merely to keep the carrier accurately in a central position. As the types are conveyed upon the circumference of the wheel. by distinct conveyers, it is fitted to support them in the following manner: A frame is formed by the addition of a metal ring of the same diameter as the wheel J, and to which it is attached by a series of bars or pillars, thus leavinga space between the two 'sufiioient for introducing the conveyer's. This 'ring is shown in section at f Figs. 2 and 3,

in connection with the wheel J. The wheel J is supported by the ring, the lower .side of which has a bead-or rail, fitting into bearers fastened to the table. These, to reduce friction, ought to be rollers, an example of which .is given in Fig. 23. Three or four such bearers are sufficient, if placed at equal distances apart at different points of the ring.

The wheel J is made to. revolve by a toothed circle, screwed to the under side of the arms, as at 1, into which a pinion, k, works,fand

which is driven from beneath by being geared to the main shaft S, as seen in Fig. 3.

The conveyers, which form an essential part of the type-carrying apparatus, are attached to the wheel so as to occupy the space between the ring f and the rim of J. The general shape-of these is that of a square plate slightly curved, a front view being given in ;Fig. 20,

' and a top view in Fig. 19, as well as in several other figures. I One of these, in Fig. 20, viz., c,

carries the type for setting, and the other,

viz., 01, carries those which are being distributed.

There is a slight d erence required in the construction of the two, on account'of the one being to receive type from the cases, while the other is to deposit them therein. In other respects both are required to go through the same set of motions upon the carrier. These motions are of two kinds. vibratory or rocking motion upon a center pin, by which the plates are attached to the wheel, said pin standing vertically; and a second, a reciprocating or sliding motion in the direction of the circumference of the wheel. To understand the object of these motions, a description of the mechanism of the conveyers will be necessary, and, first, the mechanism for griping the type. This is formed of two principal pieces, the one stationary and the other movable, the two combined forming the cavity into which the type is placed for being carried. The stationary piece is placed near the upper right-hand corner of the plate, as in g, Figs. 19 and 20, and forms a projection beyond the face of the plate 0 or d. In the recess thus formed the type is placed, resting at the same time upon a small foot, g Fig. 20. The other or movable piece is a bolt, lying horizontally and playing back and forth, so that one end may strike against the projection g. This bolt is seen at .19, and thus when a type is placed against q it may be brought up against the type, which is done -by the force of a spring, and this constitutes the griper or finger, before mentioned. v

In the conveyer d, Fig. 20, this bolt is shown closed against (1 and on C it is shown withdrawn, while in section No. 5 of Fig. 19 it is represented as grasping a type, and in section No. 6 without a type. The withdrawing of the bolt away from the fixed surface is effected by a cam-piece placed at the proper position on the table, and which strikes a cranked lever upon the conveyer as the latter is carried by on the wheel. The cranked lever is shown at t Fig. 20, the upper end being attached to the back end of the bolt, as shown. The lower end lies nearly parallel with the bottom of the plate, and has a short toe, turned down to strike the inclined surfaceof thecam, which is shown at u".

The conveyer d shows the finger as closed; but as the wheel J moves onward in the direction of the arrow, when the toe of the cranked lever strikes a the bolt will be withdrawn, as shown, by conveyer c, which has just passed by u. When the bolt has been withdrawn it must be kept so. until the conveyer has arrived at the place where it is to take a type. As before remarked, it flies shut by the force of a spring, 8 therefore a latch is provided, which catches in a notch, in the bolt, and thus retains it open. This latch is shown at v-lying across the bolt and standing vertically. Itis kept constantly pressing upward bya spring, so that the moment the notch in the bolt has passed by to a sufiicient distance the latch will fly up and take into the notch m So soon as a type has been deposited upon the eonveyer. the latch must be disengaged, and

The one is a slight received an onward motion,

fixed cam, (P, Fig. 19", placed stationary excavated ring at the proper point to accomplish the obi be hereinafter descri the distributing-conveyer. slightly difl'erent, in that the piece cl does not I eifect this object; but the by a lever placed in a stationary position, be-- cause a settin charge its type at one ley table and into tl that a projecting pin, y upon the wheel J, passing by at that moment, throws down the latch, and allows the bolt to spring forward against the type and gripe it firmly in place.

There is now to be described the means for discharging the type from the conveyers. Upon the griping end of each of these there is a plate, an, attached nearly at right angles to the face, as in Fig. 19, and along the inner side of this is a sliding piece or pusher, having a forked end, the two points of which project through the front, as shown at 2 Figs. 19 and 20.- When a type is in the gripersthe ends are drawn back flush with the face-plate; but when the type is to be discharged these ends are pushed forward from behind, and thus thrown out.

The object of having two or more forked ends is in order, that the type maybe thrust oft in its perpendicular position. The manner in the back view of a con a plate hinged upon the pin h having a point, 11., rising above the top edge, and another, 0 which projects through the pusher 2 as in Fig. 21. A spring under b tends to keep the pusher always withdrawn. At the proper moment for discharging the type from a distributing-conveyer, which is when the griper is directly opposite the inner end of a typecase, a cam, d upon the edge of the wheel J passes by, striking the tail h, and, by thrusting it forward, carries the pusher 2 with it, thus throwing oh the type directly into the type-channel.

Section No. 4 of Fig. 19 shows the act of depositing a type in its appropriate case. The cam d consists of a movable bar, placed in a groove on the upper edge of the Wheel J, as shown in top view in Figs. 1 and'19, and in edge view in Fig. 20. It is kept constantly pressing forward by the springs 6 and is made movable, because at certain times its beveled ends must be able to pass by the point h without striking, for at the moment previous to the conveyers receiving a type it has which would carry point h past the cam, and thus, unless kept out of the way, the type would encounter the ends of a pusher, and then couldnot be received upon the conveyer. To effect that motion the inner end of the bar 61 has a toeproject-ing downward, and which rides over a on the inside veyer, Fig. 21.) It is ect, and which point will bed.

The above method of discharge refers to The setting one is type is discharged g-conveyer must always dis point, viz. at the galie channel Fig. 1.

for this purpose the upper end is beveled, so

At a, Fig. 1, this discharging-lever is shown. It is a right-angled piece, centered at '0 to the of working the pusher is by the piece b (shown griper of a settin g-convey'er is at the mouth a of the channel f, the-end u will strike the back end of the pusher 2 Figs. 20 and 21, and

thrust itforward, thereby causing the points at the front to push the type off, when it will be received in the mouth 6 of the channel. The setting-conveyerhas, however, a plate, bflwhich is to operate another pusher, not in the distributing-conveyer at all, and the operation of this pusher is connected with the method of receiving a type from a case. It is shown 'at (1. 011 O in Fig. 20, and it is also shown in dotted lines in Fig. 21. The point 0 of the plate 11, however, would, in this case, have to be made to pass through the pusher aflas shown in dotted lines, Fig. 21. Thereis a cam, 11", therefore, to each kind of conveyers. In the case, however, of the distributing-conveyers, they effect the discharge of the type; but in the setting they effect the receiving of the type into the conveyer, in a manner to be yet set forth.

The arrangement of the conveyers on the carrying-wheel and their operation will now be described. k

The necessity for the two motions given to the conveyers as they are carried round by J,

as already mentioned, grows out of the fact that, inasmuch as the carrier has a regular and unvaryin g motion, 'the type could not, with any certainty, be deposited upon the conveyer were it carried around in like manner; hence, while receiving or delivering a type, the conveyer comes to a positive stop long enough to accomplish the purpose. Thus it lags behind for a moment, as before remarked; but so soon as the type is taken ordischarged, it goes on and overtakes its first position upon the wheel.

The conveyers are placed in the space between the .upper rim of J and the ring f and their width is such that they fill that space. The lower edge rests upon this ring, and they are kept from falling out by a bolt or pin, which passes through the rim of the wheel and the ring below, and also to boxes inthe back of the conveyors. These pins are shown at k Figs.'19, 20, and 21, and elsewhere, and they do not pass through circular holes in the wheel or ring, but through elongated apertures or slots j,Fig.19.' It is thus seen how a conveyer may be permitted to stop for a moment while the wheel is in motion; for, if a pin, h, be at the forward end of a slot, its conveyer may stop during the time it takes for the wheel to travel over a space equal to the length of the'slot. This length is therefore determined by the time it is required to take ordeposit a type in connection with a given speed of wheel within a certain limited extent. The other motion of the conveyer is a vibrating or rocking one upon the pin k as an axis. The opposite ends-of the conveyer, in vibrating, approach and recede from the face of the wheel. The face-plate of a conveyer, as already mentioned, is slightly curved, which'curve coincides with the edge of J, as in Fig. 19; and when the conveyers are moving along with the same, their position is suchthat the two curves are concentric, as in sections'Nos. 1 and 7 of Fig. 19. As the open ends of the type-channels stand a little distance away from the conveyers, it is necessary, before a type can be delivered or taken away from the same, that the gripers be made to approach so near that the type cannot escape from passing from the one to the other. To do this, then, is one object for the rocking movement of the conveyer uponthe pin h".

In Fig. 1, at section K of type-cases, a setting-conveyer is represented with the griper end projected outward, joining the end of achannel, and is in the act of receiving a type. Themonlent when a distributing-conveyer shall project its griper end forward to receiveor deliver a type is governed by the distributing mech anism, being automatic or self-operating, and for thesetting-conveyers by the action of the compositor. The conveyers are made to vibrate back and forth by the action of springs upon their inside surfaces, so arranged that the same spring throws out the griper end and also causes it to return.

This will be illustrated by Fig. 19, where a feather-spring, Z is fastened to the column g so that its free end will press upon the back of the conveyer atthat part, where it is made thicker to form a hole for .the bolt h to pass through. As the conveyer with this bolt slides along the wheel to the. extent of the slot j the point of pressure of the spring is transferred from one end of the piece upon which it presses to the other, and, doing so, transfers its action to opposite sides of the bolt h In section No. 2 it will be seen that the position of the conveyer is such on the carrier-wheel that the bolt h is at the extreme forward end of the slot f. In that 'position the spring Z rests against the extreme end of the plate upon which it travels, and at the farthest distance from the bolt on that side; hence its force is exerted to throw out the griper end of the conveyer. This,'however, is prevented by the opposite end pressbut which are shown at 0 ,Fig. 10) against the surface of the excavated ring m (Also yet to As the wheel goes on, a place;

be described.) is reached where there is an excavation in the ring conforming to the set of the said points, and accordingly they sink into it, as there is no further resistance to the spring, .and thus the griper end is thrown out, which can only be done when said g'riper will be opposite to some spot where it is to take or deliver a type. At such point the convcyer is caught by a stationary hook, which strikes against a projecting piece, 9 Figs.'20, 22, 23,

24, and its further onward motion is thereby arrested. These hooks may be seen at war, Figs. 1,22,23, 24, there being one at the mouth v to that in. section No. 2, and hence the' force 'is directed to throw the indicating end out,

released from the detaining-hook a: a, coninterval either taken or discharged atype.

' end opposite to that of the gripers. They are a series of separate pieces of pointed metal conveyer, but must be able to have a movement. Each one is therefore provided with a 1 Fig. 12. Beginning at the bottom,they are dicator point has two grooves, into which it may play, some may have been previously put into the grooves 0, and some allowed to re' main in those bearing the numbers 9 8 7, &e.;

of each type-channel. Being thus held fast, and the wheel continuing on, the bolt It will slide along the slot 9', sections Nos. 4, 5, and 6 of Fig. 19 showing different stages of the progress along it. At no. .6 it has traversed the whole length, and the spring will then be seen pressing on the opposite side of the bolt the points shall be set so that there shall be one point bearing in each of the grooves 0 and none in the others. Suppose that as a conveyer approaches, which it will in the direction of the arrow,) all its points had been previously set by the indicator, so that they rested in the grooves 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1, respectively, all these points would be intercepted by the inciined planes 9', and, as the surfaces of these incline upward, the points would slide upand they all would be turned on their pivots and set so as to ride into the grooves 0-- that is to say, the point in groove 9 would be turned into 9, point in No. 8 into 8", 860., throughout.

. The indicators are a device for afterward shifting these points, or a portion of them, back again from grooves 0 to those marked by the numbers 9 8 7, &c. Suppose an excavation in the ring, which would be indicated by merely shifting one of the points, allowing all the others to remain as they are, as from 9 to 9", which would be performed by the indicator acting only upon such point to effect its transference. These indicators are small inand the griping end inward, which it accordingly does, and the conveyer, being thereby tinues on with the carrier-wheel, having in, this The excavated ring and indicator-points on the eonveyer will be described together, as they act in conjunction. The first is a broad flat ring, of moderate thickness, and is of such diameter and width thatwhen secured in place upon the table it shall fit just within and under the carrier-wheel J It is shown in section at m ,Figs.2,3, 10, 22,23,and 24. a In constructing it, a portion of the outer surface has a series of grooves out upon it, of equal width and parallel to each other, as seen in the enlarged view of aportion of the ring in Fig. 12'. The excavations are made in the grooves by cutting slots of different degrees of length and after a certain order, but having an irregular general appearance, as shown in Fig. 20. The conveyers are placed upon the carrierwheel so as to stand opposite to the .line of excavations, as in Fig. 10. The indicatorpoints are pieces fixed to the conveyers on the scribed, and project through the ring into the channels in the same; but there is this dinerence, that they are movable instead of being fixed, as the others are, in order that they can be withdrawn below the surface of a groove. In fact, in their normalposition they are all below such surface secondly, they occupy, also, or act within, each alternate groove, but are situated in the grooves 0, as seen at c", and their inclined surfaces project downward, the reverse of g", as shown.

and are attached to the end plate by pins, an as represented in Fig. 10, at 0 The points project toward and are intended to press into the grooves in the ring W, a section of which is also shown.

The points 0 are not pinned rigidly to the Fig. 12, which is pivoted at one end, and all are secured to the inside of the excavated rin g.

There are two sets of indicators-in the ring. One set is acted upon automatically by the disfriction-piece, to cause it to stand in anyposition that maybe given to it. On the ring there are two grooves to each indicating-point. Thus on Fig. 12 eighteen grooves are shown, while in Fig 10 there are nine indicator points exhibited, and it is by shifting these. points so that they will track into these different grooves, according to'a set given them at a definite starting-point, that the proper indicacations are formed for depositing. and taking the type from the cases. In every revolution of a conveyer it passes a place on the excavated ring where these points receive a set, which may be called a zero, and from which place a new set is given for a different type than the one previously carried, or, in fact, even if it is to carry again a second type of the same character as the former one. This is accomplished by placing a row of inclined planes in each alternate groove, as shown at compositor. As by the stationary inclined planes 9" all the indicator-points are shifted into the grooves 0, so by the indicators 0" may they all be shifted from said grooves 0 to those numbered 9 8 7 6, &c.

By suitable mechanism any of these indicators may be moved forward, so as to oppose their action to the points.

In Fig. 10 is a section of the excavated ring through the line of indicators e, and it will be seen that the lower three are projected forward and have acted upon three of the lower indicator-points, and have transferred them from 9" 8" 7" to 9, 8, and 7; and if, forinstance, that be the indication for the lettera, the conveyer would move. on until it arrived at the case or. channel containing said letter, where would be found excavations in the ring suitaiiumbered 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1, and the intermedible to allow all the points to sink in, as shown ate grooves are represented by 0. each inbut'it is intended that at each revolution all cliued planes, precisely like those already de- Each indicator 6 is attached to a plate, d",

tributing mechanism, and the other by the in Fig. 10*, when the conveyor would be immediately arrested, and the type taken or deposited, according as it was'a setting or distn'buting conveyer acted upon, as alreadyde scribed.

Beforea conveyer can receive a type or deposit one, the bolt k on which it turns, must always be'inthe advancing end of the slot j the carrying-wheel, by continuing its motions, slides, as it were, past the conveyer, that having been arrested by a fixed stop, a: :0, Fig.1.

To regain its former position at the head of a slot, there is a curved sliding bar fixed on .bar there are two pawls, p and 12 Fig. 1,

situated a short distance apart. The points of these project forward through slots cut at this place in the excavated-ring. The bar has conveyer is always in position to receive the action of the two .pawls at the moment the cam j releases the bar. As the speed of the bar.- in a-forward direction is much greater than that of the carrier J the points of the pawls 1) drive forward the 'conveyer to the forward end'of the slots again.

These pawls are like latches, the points be ing always pressed forward by a spring, so

that the point, as it strikes any obstruction,

retreats, and springs out agaln so soon as it has passed over the projecting edge of the conveyor, at which moment the cam releases the spring 0 and thus it is carried forward again, taking the conveyer with it. These two pawlsare situated at the front part of the machine.

The mouths of the distributing and setting channels a and fare quite near to each other and it is intended that the first of these pawls shall push forward all the conveyers before they arrive at the mouth of either channel, while thesecond pawl is situated so as to act upon all the con'veyers after they have passed by said channels. From what has been said before, the necessity for this is obvious, for as each conveyer has,' in passing round the whole circuit,'stopped at some type-caseeither to receive or deposit a type, it will be seen that they approach the type setting and distribut ing channels with their pivots b at the back ends of their slots 3' so that before they can top of this act again at those places they must all be advanced to the forward ends of said slots. This is done by the first of the'pawls p and the bar n.

A t )e-setting conveyer, c, Fig. 1, having in its circuit received a type, must be advanced the cam leaves the lever is. posed'as' having arrived at the mouth 0 and delivered its By this act it has again traveled to the back end of the slot, as shown, and, at this -moment the sliding bar again It is now supmoves forward, and'the second pawl 1' pushes it to the head of its slot once more. Thus by one movement of the bar two conveyers are advanced-one preparatory to action, and the other subsequently thereto. By an inspection of Fig. l,'it will be seen that all the conveyers, before they reach the type-cases, are on the forward ends of their slots, but 'on leaving are all in the backends thereof.

The type-cases or depositories may be diyided into three classes: first, for the regular type; second, for the irregular, and third for the excess. The regular cases are to re ceive the type. ordinarily employed. The irregnlar are intended to contain such type as are but seldom used, including the thin or justifying spaces, and which are to be put intothe lines by hand. The third is a provision whereby, in case the distributing part has continued so long that the regular depositories are 'filled, the excess may be received here. These last cases, therefore, will receive promiscuously any type presented by a conveyer, whereas in the regular cases none but the correct type can be deposited.

he regular type-cases are narrow channels, formed by setting up upon a flat bed, h, two plates, forming parallel sides.

sides is these is wide enough to receive the type edgewise, and therefore they differ in width to suit the difierent letters. The inner end, or Where the types are received and discharged, is of a peculiar shape, and is fitted to partiallyplose the opening in order to prevent the type falling out, as well as to readily receive the same.

In Fig. 22 is a top yiew of a type-channel. 43 being the thick side.

At the month this is beveled inward, as shown, while the opposite or thin plate is bent as a spring, forming, a little within, a narrow throat.

It will be seen that so soon as a thrust past this itwill be the channel that it cannot type is so secured within fall out, except by 'the action of a positive force. A certain number of such channels is arranged upon a bedplate, and placed so that they radiate from the axis of the wheel J as a center.

In Fig. 1 are shown six beds of typecases, forming as many sections, as shown by the letters K. K. These sections, with the types, may be wholly detached from the mapawl 10 which will take place when chine without disturbing any other part, and others containing different fonts substituted.

The irregular cases are cups, as N and'O, placed, respectively, at the beginning and ending of the regular cases, as shown. These are to receive, in amanner to be hereinafter shown, everything not intended for the regular cases, and whenanything therein is to be used the compositor; must pick it out by hand.

The ease for the excess is a channel. (Shown at Q.) Its mouth has a different formation from that of the regular cases, as it does not deliver types, and it is intended to open and thrust along the types by a positive motion. This only receives type from the distributing conveyers, and hence it doesnot have previse ion for effecting discharge to a conveyer. All t 1e regular cases yp The channel P may be to some extent considered as an irregular case, since it has no provision for delivering type onto a conveyer. Its use is to receive only quadrats, and in this view it is, in fact, a regular case; but as these types are inserted by the hand of the compositor when required in the lines, and are never brought by a conveyer, it needs only provision for receiving, and therefore this channel is situated, as shown, near to the hand of the operator.

In receiving a type into the regular cases,- the provision for thrusting it in is upon the conveyer; but the discharging is effected by a separate mechanism attached to each channel,

as follows: In the channel back of the line of type there is a block, which presses squarely up against the rear one. This block is propelled forward by a rack-and-pawl feed.

Figs. 22, 23, and 24 show enlarged sections of a portion of the type-bed. At R is shown the block just named, at l the ratchet, and the pawl at m. The pawl is ailixed to the top end of a pendulum-lever, standing vertically, and having its lower end weighted at'n", Below the bed h there lies a rod, 12 the back end of which abuts against the lever n", while its forward end projects alittle beyond theinner opening of a type-channel.

' In Fig. 22 a setting-conveyer is represented as having stopped to receive a type. 011 the conveyer there will be seen, at a, a small bolt constituting a pusher, just touching the end of the rod; and to the inner end of this bolt is attached the swinging plate b already described under Fig. 21. As the carrier J moves along, the point of the slide 61 will strike the top point h of theswinging plate and push it forward. This also pushes out a, thus thrusting back the rod 19' and end a" of the lever. The pawl, taking into the ratchet, pushes that in the contrary direction or toward the conveyer, and thus thrusts the whole line of type forward the distance necessary to push one type into the gripers upon the conveyer. By this time the latter has moved along its slot so far as to can e the tilting-spring 1 Fig. 19, to act upon the opposite side of the.

both receive and discharge bolt and throw in the griper end of the conveyer, whereby it is disengaged from the stationaryhook w x, .and the'whole goes on with the carrier-wheel, including the type. The

weight n now causes the lever to withdraw In a font-of type there are many more of some letters than of others; hence in arranging them into the cases several channels or cases will be required to contain the most numerous, while a single one may suflice for the fewest. Thus, for instance, it might require three channels for the letter a, while one would suffice for the letter x, &c. The

operation of a conveyer is such thatit always stops at the first channel, where there are several having letters of the same name, and takes from that, or deposits therein, as the case may be, until it is emptied, or filled. It

will then go on to the next, &c. In distributing, then, a conveyer will carry all the letters a and begin to fill,'say, the first channel, Fig. 1. When that is filled it will go on to the next, and fill that, and so on, and in case there are still more as than the channels devoted to that letter can hold, the conveyer will continue all round, and finally'deposit it in the channel of excess, Q, as before named, which will therefore receive every letter which cannot be got into its proper channel. The setting-conveyers will, in like manner, draw from the first channel until empty, and then go on to the next of that set, and where by chance the whole of a letter has given out the conveyer will come round empty, but will stop at the composing-channel justthe same as if it hada letter to, deliver. These results are accomplished by means of a device attached to each channel, the effect of which is to prevent the griping end of the conveyer from tilting forward when it comes opposite to the mouth of a channel atwhich it cannot act; as, for instance, a setting-conveyer has been set to indicate the letter a, the'moment it arrived at the first of the series of channels containing that letter the indicating-points would drop into theexcavation in the ring proper for said letter; Now, if that channel were empty by means of the mechanism to be de-v scribed the conveyer would be prevented from tilting forward, and consequently could not be engaged by the detaining-hook av .10. It would, therefore, pass to the next, and if letters were there it would be allowed to come in action. The same would occur with adistributing-conveyer-if the case were full it would go on to the next, and if all were fall it would come round and deposit in the channel Q of excess.

At 8 Fig. 22, is a lever supported out of its center, so that the inner end is longer than I of the lever is cut square.

fall by reason of its greater weight. Directly over the shorter end is suspended a pendulumlever, 5, called so because it .is free to swing backand forth, having its lower endheaviest. The topiof this'lever stands alongside of the ratchet l, as shown- On its lower end two notches are formed, the notch on the back being higher thanthat on the front, and between these the bottom In the extreme end of 8 there is a pin, w", and there is also a like pin at each'of the ends of the ratchet-piece g and or". The natural position of .the pendulum-lever t is to hang vertically, and when in that position the pin ug -will be caught under the square end, as in Fig. 22, the opposite .end of 3 being then kept elevated. Upon the front edge of the ring f there is a tripping-cam, (shown at Q77, Fig. 20.) This, as it is carried round by the ring, will strike the inner ends of all the levers s" and lift them, they dropping againafter it has passed. This horizontal lever has three positions, the first (as seen in Fig. 22) when the pin 10 rests 011 the bottom of the pendulum t" the second when the pin w" rests in the back notch, as in Fig. 23; and the third when the pin '10 rests in the frontnotch of t as in Fig.24. The pendulum 1& having, therefore, three positions, these effect the giving off by or the receiving of type into the channels. \Vhen the lever 8'' stands as in Fig. 22, type may be either taken from or received by the channel; when as in Fig. 23, type may be taken from, but cannot be received by,the channel, because it is then quite full; and when as in Fig. 24, the channel being empty, a setting-conveyer must not stop there, though a distributing one may.

As the distributing-conveyer deposits the last type that a channel can contain, it pushes thereby the ratchet I back so far that the pin :10" strikes the top of the pendulum t and moves it back, thus allowing the pin 20" to fall into the back notch, Fig. 23. The front end of s will then stand directly opposite to a projecting point placed upon all the distributin g conveyers at z, and thus a conveyer having a proper type for that channel will not be able to tilt forward to attempt its deposit, by reason of theinterference of the lever s", as in Fig; 23. When a channel is empty, the setting-conveyer will be prevented from stopping by the pin g striking the pendulum in the opposite side, and thus the pin to" will fallinto the inside lower notch. This will support the lever s in another .position, and, in so doing, it-will be opposite to a projection, a, on all the setting-conveyers, as in'Fig. 24, but will not interfere with the projections .on the distributing-conveyers. The lifting of the inner ends of the lever s" is to allow of the shifting of the pin 20" to the different notches in the pendulum, according to circumstances. When the'settin g and distributing go on rogularly together, the types are so proportioned.

that they are taken from and deposited in the cases so as to keep those properly supplied, and therefore the usual position of the stoplever s is that shown in Fig. 22, and in that position it is clear of either of the projections just named.

As before remarked, when a type cannot be deposited in its appropriate channel or channe1s,it is to be carried on and deposited in the channel of excess, and thisis accomplished by having, atthat channel, such form of excavation in the excavated ring as to allow the conveyers to act upon all combinations of the indicating-points The channel Q'of excess, and that for qnadrats 1, have, at their mouths, a device for receiving the type from the conveyers, whereby the type is thrust in and the opening is immediately closed. These are seen at m and n in Fig. 1, and in detail in Figs. 28 to 30. t

At b is a bolt, which is drawn back by a lever, 0 worked by a cam on a shaft beneath the table. The cam revolves regularly, being timed to withdraw the bolt as often as a distributin g -conveyer has passed. This, however, maynot be necessary, since those conveyers mayhave already deposited their type in its proper channel.

' If this had been done they would be at the back end of their slots 3' when approaching the mouth of the channel of excess, and consequently not in a position to deposit therein.

When, therefore, one revolution of the cam.

has withdrawn the bolt, it remains so until a type has been deposited in the mouth, being, during that time, locked by a pin, 0, on the latch i At such time the mouth is, in effect, open to receive a type, thou gh in order to prevent the one last put in from falling out, (as bythe jarring of the machine it might be apt to do,) there is a piece (seen at j )inade to slide at a right angle across it, and to remain there until pushed away to 1 deposit another type. The end .of the latch i terminates under the head of this slide, as seen in dotted lines in veyer hasa type to be deposited, being at the forward end of its slot, that conveyer will be acted upon by its indicating-points finding a place on the excavated ring into which they can enter. The type is discharged by the piece d, Fig. 1,'which thrusts it off, in doing which the slide j is pushed back, disengaging thereby the pin 0 from the bar I), and this, then, by

the force of the' spring 2 returns and drives the type into the channel. The cam new acts again on. c to withdraw the bar b the slide j returning to its place across the month by the force of the spring 1 The cam below is constantly in action; but when the bar b is withdrawn, the lever which acts upon that-is at the extent of its throw, and therefore at that time only the point of the cam touches it at each revolution, and without imparting any motion until the bar has been again disengaged. If, now, the next conveyer is at the back end of its slot. it will.

pass without disturbing the position of the several parts of the mouth; but if at the forward end, having a type to deposit, these movements will be repeated, as described.

201 Div'is-i0n.1lhe distributing mechanism being the second head, will now be described. The parts for this occupy chiefly the righthand side of the table, in front of the carrier and typecases, and by inspecting Fig. 1 the principal parts visible may be embraced generally in the space inscribed by the line X E. Opposite to X stands the apparatus for actuating the the set of the indicators, thereby determining the destination of each particular type. The distributing-channel a. will be seen to terminate at the inside corner of its frame. Adjoining this, at W, is the feeding-table, for supporting the colulnnl of type, and to or near which are the several parts for actuating the feed. At the head of the feed-table there is an abutting plate to the main bed-plate, so as to stand a little distance off, or as seen at the letter Figs. 1, 8, and 9, and which forms a portion of the type-channel a. On the inside and parallel to this is the other plate, to

complete the channel, as at z. This plate is supported above the table W, and stands so high as to allow the column of type to pass beneath its lower edge. Its ends are attached to columns a in the same figures and it can also be moved to and from the other plate, y, by setscrews 0 From this it will be understood that the lines of the type, by passing under z, get into the channel from beneath, a whole line being passed up at a time. This is done by a sliding floor, which rises at the proper time, lifts the line, and supports it in that elevated position until the line is exhausted, when the floor descends, afeed of the column takes place, and another line is lifted up into the channel, and so on.

In Fig. 5 is a section through the line E F of Fig. 1, and just back of the distributingtable, but showing the parts toward the front of the machine. In this it represents the sliding floor, being a thin plate, which stands between the end of W and the fixed channelpiece y. When lowered its top edge is flush with the feeding-table, and forms a continuation of it.

At 17 are two legs, descending below the bed and terminating in the frame 0 of Fig. 5, which performs the raising and lowering. When a line of types has been raised into the channel, theymust be fed along toward the place of discharge. This is accomplished by a pushing-ratchet,m Fig. 1, which is urged forward by the check g upon avibrating arm, 8 actuated from beneath by a cam, w ,.Fig. 6, upon the shaft T. There is a coiled spring, 0", attached to the end of the ratchet, which tends always to pull it'back. To prevent this there is a check-click'at 12 The throw of the click must constantly vary, to feed for type of different thickness. The force, therefore, which urges the click alongis a-spring pulling upon the arm n Fig. 5, and which keeps the end of the arm constantly pressing upon the cam 10, shown passes by, the friction-roller sinks in, and a feed is given. As a type is thrust from the end of the line, the whole are fed along until the gap left is closedfthe types then striking against a of the cam is deeper than required for closing up the gap left by discharging the thickest type. At 42 is a stop for holding the click out of contact with the cam, and thus the feed can at any time be arreste By moving the lever z ,'Fig. 1, back and forth between the two holes 2 and z, the en gaging and disengaging are effected. When a line has thus been fed'oif, the ratchet-clicks g and 11 will be disengaged, and the spring 0 allowed to pull the ratchet back, and a feed of a whole column of type, I, will take place, and the next line be elevated into the channel a. Figs. 1, 4, 8, and 9 will be involved in the explanation of this part.

It will be seen in Fig. 1 that the feedingtable WV is of greater width than the column of type represented thereon. Each side of the table has a gageplate, and the column is placed to fit against the plate on one side, while, to fill out the space on the opposite one, a block, q, is introduced and fitted, so as not to press or squeeze the type. At the foot of the column there is also a small block, 1", and of the same width, Figs. 1, 8, and 9. Extending quite over the table is a cross-bar, r, the two ends of which are at ached to toothed racks r", lying parallel to the sides of the table, as shown. Working into these racks are two wheels, t, (shown in dotted lines, Figs. 8 and 9,) and adjoining which are two ratchetwheels, .9. These are all upon one shaft, which lies beneath the table, and extends from side to side. At the extreme ends of the shaft are hung two levers, to, having upon them, in proper position for taking into the teeth of the ratchet, a pawl, each as shown at 1;. Upon the end of each of these levers is a link or connectingrod, 20, suspended by lengthened slots, (indicated by the dotted cross-lines in Figs. 8 and 9,) and these rods pass through the bed-plate and terminate in a frame, w, as represented in the several figures. This frame is hinged at 10 near the back end, and, consequently, a portion of its weight is sustained by the levers u. The frame is raised up by means of a cam, upon the main'shaft S, but falls by its own weight.

The feeding upof the column of type can now be readily. understood. As the cam g lifts to, these latter raise the levers u and cause the pawls c to take anext ratchet-tooth, as in Fig.8. The dropping of the frame :0, as in Fig. 9, turns the pinions t. These, acting upon the racks 1", pushing against the cross-bar 1*, force up the column of type until the top line strikes the plate y. This line must now be elevated to the position shown in Fig. 8. During the time that the line itself is being fed off the frame a: is held up in its elevated so that when the cavitypositive stop. Thus the depth from the ratchet m 6?, upon which it swings, just under the ratchet that ratchet.

.kept constantly pressing upward by a spring,

i ,--1noves the hanger still farther,

force of the lower spring 9 position, and only drops down at the moment I of giving the feed of the column. It is kept up by a swinging hanger, a, which performs also the operation of disengaging the clicks At the lower part of this hanger there is a notch-rest, upon which the frame ais held by a supporting-pin, h.

The corner of this rest is rounded or beveled, as at i". --The hanger extends above the pin 7 m therefore it can swing back and forth without interfering with At one side there is a bolt, d

6 at the bottom-; and at the back of the hanger there are two feather-sprin gs, g and k". The

.spring k is stiffer than the other, and it is acted uponperiodically, while g is constantlyv tending to press the top of the hanger for-' ward. At f Figs. 1 and 5, there is a small wedge attachment to the ratchet. This is an important piece,

and column. While the line isbeing fed off the hanger a stands vertically, as in Fig.5, and is kept in this position by the bolt d pressing against the side of the ratchet m By the time the line of type is fed oif the wedge f has arrived at the place where the bolt (1 stands. (Best seen in Figs. 1 and 5.) Continuing on, the wedge strikes the top of said bolt and depresses it below the ratchet,when, by the force of the spring 9 it will be thrown under. The hanger thus swings so as to bring the supporting-pin h on the edge. of the inclined plane 1?.- At this part a cross-bar, 3' at the top of the hanger (seen best in Figs. 1 and 5) strikes against the two clicks g and p, the ends of which project below the bottom of an; and the pin h sliding down the inclined plane fects the disengagement of the clicks. The object of the incline i is for the purpose of assisting the spring g by the force derived from the weight of the end of the frame as. The frame now drops down, as in Fig. 9, and the ratchet m flies .back by the pull'of the coiled spring'o When it has gone far enough to bring the driving end clear of the line of type, the bolt at the top end of the hanger a must come from under and take its place again, as in Fig. 8. Upon the ratchet there is another wedge, which is movable, and may be clamped at diiferent positions. It is shown at I. As the ratchet flies back the point of the wedge enters under the spring R and increases its tension so much as to overcome the g If there were no obstruction the hanger a would become perpendicular at once; but it will be seen that the pin h, Fig. 9, keeps the bolt still under W. This it must vdo, because, although the column. of type has been fed up, the line at the top has not been raised into, the channel. The cam 9 now lifts the frame w to a certain height, when it will engage the ends of another, and interior, frame, 0 which will nowbe ment is by means of two jecting ends of which rest upon the cross-bar the top terminating as it effects the unlocking of the parts which caused the feed of both line and thus-cf The engagew the procarried along with it in its ascent.

springs,

of w, as in Fig 4. To this latter frame .the

type-lifting floor to is attached by the rods t as in Fig. 5.

The frames now rise together to their full height, and the line of type is raised vertically from the position shown in Fig. 9 to that in Fig. 8. As the last part, the

pin it gets clear of the edge of the lower partv of the hanger, and the spring is, together. with its weight, causes the hanger to fall now into a perpendicular position, clicks 9 p being by that act reengaged, the feed of theline of typeimmediately commences.

It must beunderstood that the shaft S is in a constant revolution. All these changes have,

therefore, taken place in a moment.

It will be observed that the interior frame 0 is lifted by the springs m and in most of the moving parts the connections are, in some form or other, capable of being relieved by springs, as safeguards.

Thus, in case from any cause the types stick. too hard together to be easily broken from the column, it will be seen that the springs would give, and thus a breakage be properly avoided. There is a part, however, not yet described for relieving the pressure at which the column of type was left when fed up against the plate 3 When the column is first fed up it is not allowed to'strike said plate, but strikes a movable plate, which is let in from the back, and which is made to protrude beyond the face inside to a very slight degree, but receding again so soon as the weight of the frame as is taken oif the rack 1; Thus the top line can be raised free from obstruction.

In Fig. 5% is a horizontal section through the plate 9 at the place of the insertion of the false plate. (Shownatdh) At c is a slidewith wedge-shaped ends, lying behind it. I, Fig. 5, are two springs attached to 61 tending to pull it backward. i is a standing bar, connected withthe frame as at one'end, and at the other to the slide 6 by means of a pin, k which plays in a crooked slot in The bar is kept in position by a guide-strap,f, which As the frame as drops down, the

embraces it. pin k plays along the crooked slot h, moving thereby the sliding bar 6 laterally, and thus bringing the wedgeshaped ends under the confining-straps g", and then the false plate (I is thrust forward, so that, when the column of type is fed up, the top line will strike against said plate. On raising the frame a: the wedges on the bar a will be withdrawn, and the plate cl will retreat before the line. of type begins to be raised by the lifting-floor. Thus when the latter does come into action it will find the line of type free to rise without friction or pressure. As each type leaves the advancing end of the line it is received upon a platform at the righthand inner corner of the box containing theindicatin g mechanismgvhichboir is placed upon the bed at the position of X, Fig.

as in Fig. 8. The

1, and is shown also in detail in figures from 10 to 18, inclusive.

Before the type is taken from this place by a distributing-conveyer, the indicators 0', Fig. 12, must be set to act properly upon-the indicating-points of that conveyor. This is accomplished by a levers, which are brought into play by means of certain nicks cut in the shank of the type, each type havin a certain order of nicks, whereby both their thickness and their denominations are ascertained by the machine.

In Fig. 27 is shown a'theory for a complete system of such nicks. These, it will be seen, are divided into two groups, and consist of incisions or cuts upon the edge of each type within spaces formed by certain lines, of which the upper setis within seven lines. and the lower one within eight lines, forming six spaces for the upper and seven for the lower.

In the box X there are thirteen thin and nicely-constructed levers, supported in a horizontal position, all upon one axis, and are, furthermore, arranged in groups, so that the projecting ends will coincide with the spaces formed upon the types; Six of the levers belong to the upper set of spaces, and, seven to the lower. 14, and 15. Figs. 13 and 14 are top views, and 15 is a side view, a portion of the levers being in dotted lines.

All the levers are held in .a frame, y which is contained in a chamber formed at the end of the box. A side view of 3 is given in Fig. 18, the end of the box being removed. The fulcrum-pin of these levers is a, which, it will be seen, divides them lengthwise unequally. The frame has play back and forth in its chamher, and, when moved, carries the levers with it. At the back end is a graduated stop, which arrests the movement of the frame in one direction by the tails of some of the levers striking it. Itis graduated, because the frame must have greater or less movement, according to difl'erent thicknesses of type. The stop is a plate standing "ertically within the chant her, as seen at c in Figs. 13 to 18, inclusive.

The edge is notched out to form the graduations, as in Figs. 15, 17, and 18. At the opposite end the frame 3 has a prolongation from one side, with a crossed termination, and which is so situated as to close the mouth of the ty le-channel, and the line of type, therefore, as itis fed up by the clicks,strikes against this piece, as represented in Fig. 13.. The short ends of the levers 2 stand in such position that they project a little over the edge of the type as it comes up against the frame just in front of them, and as shown in Fig. 13, where areprescnts the line of type, and it is on that side that the type is nicked, as shown in the reverse view, Fig. 15.

In combination with the levers 2 which are called the type-levers, there is a second set; but these are right-angled at both ends. They are shown at n, Figs. 11, 13, and 14, and are placed on the outside of the indicating-box.

system of sliding bars and Those are shown at 2, Figs. 13,.

By Fig. 11 it will be seen that they are dis posed in two groups, and correspond precisely with the type-levers. a Figs. 13 and 14. The short light-angled ends enter the side of the box, andterminate so as to overlap the type-levers, each lever having amatch type-lever, against which it presses.

' This pressureis applied by a set of small sprin gs,

m, acting upon the projecting tails, as shown at Figs. 13 and 14. The opposite ends of these levers, at u, also turn inward at aright angle, and are pointed. They pass through the side of the box, as'shown in dotted lines. Upon the inside of the box there are two sets of bars, lying parallel theretoand close together, as at p. The upper six belong-to the upper six levers n", and the lower set of seven belong to the like lower set of levers. All of them have a notch, c", Fig. 14 ,cut within them,

. which notches stand directly opposite to the which, when engaged, are

points of at, and detainingpoints. On the opposite side of the box is still another set of bars, the topmost one being seen at y, while the others are represented by r in Fig. 10, which is a view, in elevation, of the interior of 13 and 14,, the side m being removed. These bars are spaced farther apart than the others. as shown, there being only nine of them, this number being amply sutficient to produce the requisite number of indications, while thirteen type-levers are required to correspond to the thirteen different thicknesses of type in the font. These two sets of bars, viz., p as one, and y and r as the other, are connected together, so that the movements of one set will be transmitted to the other by a set of cross-levers, g, which are pivoted to the top and bottom of the box at their centers. These levers consist of plates.

extending the whole depth of the box, an edge view of which is given in Fig. 10,'where they are seen through the bars 1". The bars 2 are connected to the levers by pins, which embrace or clamp them on both sides; but the opposite bars y and T have but one pin; therefore the levers can act but in one direction against them, being allowed in the other to go free.

There are two bars, one on each side, which act upon all the levers, via, 11 and t, Figs. 10 and 11. Thus, in Fig. 14, the bar 11 will be seen to have apin pressing against the end of each lever, toward the inside. These two bars are for the purpose of giving motion to all the others, and maybe called the'prime movers, while 11 and 1* may be called the indicatingbars. Bar 1-, Fig. 11, connectedto bar 1" by the lever 1, Figs. 11 and 13, may be called the at bars, as being those which set theindicator for that letter. are required to be very compact and close together; hence one necessity for transferring their movements to the indicators through the second set of bars 1-, which, it will be seen, are arranged open, and have more freedom.

I have stated, as an example, that movement of the bar 1*, Fig. 11, would move 9" on the opposite side.

They have their axis at.

These sets of bars 1) 4 throughout in this single manner; trary, some form combinations-as,

-' I feet indications for all the letters.

.this lever detached. the front of the machine there is a series of of their being so 1 In Figs. 13 and 14: this is shown, where it will be seen that one of the springs or has Upon each of the vother single feather-spring, s", the free end of which is projected so as to'be on a line with the bar t. This bar has as many pins as there are le-v the type.

These bars are not connected with each other for instance, amovement of two bars p may be so connected as to move every alternate one of 'r".

The changes, therefore, may be very great in number, and such is necessary in order to ef- There is a separate lever at w, which connects the two moving bars t and yflgand in addition to this it also acts upon all of the bars 1", while 13 acts upon all the bars 1). In Fig. 13 is a. view of On theside which faces feather-springs, ac. The free ends of these all press upon the bars 0", a spring .to a bar. t

engages the lever by apin or a depression, as

' shown, and y by a like pin on the opposite side. The movement of moves along 3 while, the springs-w pressing t 'turns the lever w and upon the pins on those willbe likewise moved- Now, as the bars t and ymove at the giving of "everyindication, while of 1' all are not allowed to move, some being held back,

these sprin gs,- by their yielding, are to-permit held.

been held-back by the non-movi-n g of a bar. levers'q there is a vers,1and these press upon the springs. Thus the movement of the bar t would, if unop-- posed, move also all the levers. When, how- 'ever, some are held back their springs yield, as in the former case, and as seen at s", Fig. 14"; and g in that figure is a lever, allowed to be carried along by t.

- The-movements of the bars Ware communicate'd to the indicators 0' by means of a set of connecting-rods. (Shown at a of Fig. 10.) The vertical levers z, attached to the side plate met the box, which plate is omittedin Fig.

10,-coi1hect the bars 4 with the rods a as shown, and these latter are connected to as many short arms, b Fig: 12, to which the different indicators are attached, in a manner already described.. I

In Fig. 10 the three upper bars have been acted upon. These have withdrawn three conneetingrods, a", and accordingly three of the lowest of the indicators have been projected through the excavated ring m, as shown.

The line of type stands in its channel with that side which has the indicating-nicks facin g the front of the machine, as at a in Fig.15,

which is a section through V Z of Figs. 13 and 14. As the feeding-click forces the line along, the head type pushes against the frame y Fig. 13, driving that before it. The type now enters the box and rests upon a base, as in Fig. 11, at a. In this position the short ends of the set of levers a are in fiont, and lap upon The cam 0 retreats from under the levers n, andthese in turn, by means of springs 0n the con- Consequently only as 'm, press, by their inner ends, upon the levers v 2 causing them all to be driven against the edge of the type. Thdse levers which stand opposite to any nick sink in,'thus allowing the points u of their match levers to enter the notches o of their appropriate bars, while all thcsefiesting again st theplain edge of the type are held back. Here comes in the arran gement to regulatethefeedfor thickness, because no more than one type at a time must be ad mitted tothe box, and as a very thin space may be followed by the thickest type, and vice versa, the necessity for a varying feed is obvious, as otherwise there would be at once a derangement of parts. This feeding in of type of difl'ering thicknesses upon the base a is managed by the stop 0 for by the sinking in of some one of the leversz in the top set its tail will be made to stand direct] y in the way of'that stop, as seen in Fig. 13, and the frame y will be arrested in-itsmovementby said tail striking the stop. I

In Figs. 17 and 18 a profile of the stop 0 is given, and by the notches upon it it will be seen that the frame may move farther before ;some of the levers will strike than others.

Thus a nick at the top of the type will move a lever at the 'top. Opposite to this on the stop is a notch of a certain depth, equivalent to the thickness of some one type. The next notch may be deeper ,still, and would allow a further movem entof the frame, and, of course, this would admit a thicker type upon the base. In tli'e. next place it will be seen how these nicks are made to affect the indicators. Some one or morelevers in the lower set will sink into a nick or nicks at that part of the type. Asthe crooked levers n all press upon 2 when any of them move, similar ones in that set will also move. In all the sliding bars 1; there are notches cut at v, so that. whenany of these levers move, the pointed ends a on n will drop into these notches. As, for instance, suppose there are six nicks in a type, six of the crooked levers will be allowed to move by reason of a movement of a-like number of z dropping into these six nicks of the type, and a like number of points u will drop into the notches v of as many different bars. Now, when the driving-bar t moves, six of the bars 11* will be detained. many levers can move as are required for making the propercombination for indicating the letter; and in Fig. 10 it will be seen that six of the bars T have been held back, while the others are allowed to move, (the bar y ,'a s already stating, moving at every indication,) and thus the indicators in the excavated ring are set. These movements of the bar are caused by a power derived from a set of cams upon a verticaljshaft, j", which has a vibratory or rock-shaft motion. This motion is regularly given in a proper manner, and in,

and pins placed v w is a stop brought into play by moving't", Fig. 1. It catches the tail of the lever, and prevents it from vibrating when engaged. The first cam is at the top upon a wheel, as at e, Figs. 10, 13, and 14. This moves a piece (shown in of, Figs. 11 and 16,) the end of which stands directly over a type when in the box, and that end is allowed to come down upon the type by the force of a spring, 01 as the former is fed in. The object of this is to insure that the type shall stand solidly upon the base, for that forms a gage whereby all the nicks are sure to stand opposite to their proper levers. Before the type is discharged the cam-piece 6 comes under an arm on the crosspiecc, by which a is hinged, and raises it, as shown.

At 2 is a pin, which strikes against .the bar 3 and, by driving that bar, returns all the levers and bars of both sets and on both sidesto their starting position, as seen in Fig. 14, where all the pins are in action. On the side of the wheel opposite to this pin is a segment working into a rackbar, k. This is the discharge for thrusting the type into the gripers of the conveyers. drawn, and in Fig. 14 pushed forward, having discharged a type. The end of this is forked, as in k, Figs. 17 and 18. and strikes the type in three places, so as to push it oii' squarely upon the conveyer. Lower down on j, at )9, Fig. 10, is another wheel, and on the side of this, as in dotted lines, Fig. 11, (also seen in Fig. 14 is a pin, which strikes against the driving-hart, and is the power to drive all the levers and bars when setting the indicators, as the pin 2 operating on bar y, serves to return them after such action. Upon j" is another cam, not seen, as it is on the opposite side, but-which vibrates a piece which lifts all the points u out of the notches v. That piece is a post standing vertically, upon which are two toes, one, 0 Figs. 11 and 14,

being at the top, and the-other, 0, at the bottom. 0 stands between the levers a and the outside of the box, while the end of the ,toe Q4, extending into the box, is aetedupon by the cam on j. InFi g. 14, o is in action, havin g lifted the toes u out of the notches o.

In Fig. 13 the earn 0 has retreated, thus allowing the levers n and their toes u to act. There are certain pieces which must always return with accuracy to a given position, and of these the frame y is one, for the least play here might falsify the setting. There is provided, however, both for freedom and accuracy, to this, as follows: For accuracy, the inner side is made always to, face and keep in contact with the inner end plate ofthe box, effected by a spring brought into action to press it up just before a feed of type takes place; and for freedom, the pressure is taken oil at the time the frame returns. The spring is shown at f, Figs. 13 and 14. i It does not press directly upon the frame, but acts upon a small bellcrank, 0 (seen 1n dotted lines,) one end of which comes through a hole in the divisioncurate adjustment.

In Fig. 13 it is seen with The other end or tail is for lifting the crank, off, and is acted upon by a pin, 1 beneath the top wheel of j. 4

In Fig. 13 this piece is shown in action, pressing upon the side of 9 In that position the type is just being fed in, and then it is most necessary that these parts have an ac-- When the type has been discharged the frame immediately returns, and is driven back by a spring, (1 Figs. 15,

Y17, and 18, previous to which action the friction produced by the pressure of 6* is taken off, as seen in Fig. 1 4, thus allowing the frame and its set of levers to-be carried back easily. There is one type which has no indieating-nick upon it, and is not to be deposited within the regular cases, as it belongs to the cup N, Fig. 1. This is the .thin space, and it is always set in the line when wanted by the hand of the compositor. When this presents itself to be distributed the indicatinglevers do not act, and it requires, therefore, a special stop to check the feed at the right distance. This stop is a small lever, g, hinged to the frame at k. A side view of it is that of a plate, and it is as deep as the whole set of indicating-levers, as seen at 9 Figs. 15 and 15%. l/Vhen, therefore, these latter do'not act, (which is when the aforesaid type without nick approaches,) the stop 9 will come into play, as exhibited in Fig. 14; but when these levers act, this is pushed to one side, escaping the stop altogether, as in Fig. 13, wherein g is shownin dotted line, the pin Z acting upon it to put it into position by the intervention of the secondary piece 71, as shown. As this secondary piece imparts the movement to bring this special stop into action, there must be at every feed of type a provision to relieve the graduated stop 0 itself, because when not in action, as before remarked, the. end of 9 will lie at the side of the stop 0, so that when the pin l comes into play the force would be received upon the stop and break it, were it not able to yield. 0 has, therefore, some lateral play allowed it, and reacts against a spring. (Shown at c" in Figs. 13 and 16, a'nd'in 13 and. 14.) The piece also moves back the levers c to the position shown in Fig. 14, af-

'ter the discharge of each type.

3d Di-m'sioa.-The third head of the composing or typesetting mechanism will. now be described. The figures used will be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 25, 26, 33, 34, and 35. The front left-hand half of the table, Fig. 1, is devoted to the parts operated by the compositor, and is also the place where the type is received and formed into column. At the back of this table is the receiving-channel, where the type is delivered by the setting-conveyers, and forms a long" line, as at f. The channel terminates at the top of the galley M, upon which a column of type is represented in process of formation. This galley has one fixed side, and one movable, 2", which may be set to diii'erent distances same figures, is a gage for measuringthe .bar, g1", along which it can slide and be set by outof the way of the line of type. The cord .These connect, by means of a system of levers .plished through the movement of the nine rod j r of'Fig. 10.

. the points upon the conveyers, and these are i keys with the nine indicators; but as there is of figures, would be ample for the most extenbuttons on top, for the convenience of fin-.

'which holes are arranged in a regular order,

' Fig. 3.

- are most conveniently made of strips of these pins being in a different situation, ac-

from the other for diiferent widths of columns.

At e is a follower, for pushing down the column after a line has been received. This is operated'by'a handle, 12", Figs. 1, 5, and 6, by which a short vibration is given to it... At f length of line necessaryto go across the page. 1

This is awedge, fixed by an upright to a a screw, and this wedge can bepushed back positor divides the line f with a thin metal plate, and pushes it along until it strikes the end of e", which closes the end of the channel after it has pushed down the column, and then the distance from that end tothe gage f? is the same as the width of the column. -He now pushes c back, and carries on the type- (separated by bringing the wedge of f into line) until it strikes against 2, and the column isitheu pushed down that distance by e", as before. I

At L is the table of indicating-keys, a sectional view of which isgiven in Fig. 3.

andtrackers, with the indicating mechanism in the center and beneath the carrying-wheel.

In the description of the distributing mech anism, it was shown that all the movements for eifecting the set of indicators were accom- In the composing mechanism there is a like number of indicators, for effectingthe set of acted upon by nine levers, which connect the a much greater number of keys than of indicators, of course these latter act to form combinations of'm'ovcments, and these, calculated by the rule for permutation upon nine places sive alphabets or characters of any knownlanguage. The keys, as shown, are pins with gering.

The pins pass through holes in the table,

so as to form parallel rows, as shown in Fig. 1, each pin acting upon a small cranked lever a Beneath these lines is a. series. of a bar to each lever and key. their number and be very thin, and steel. They are arranged in a rack formed by .the plates 1), as in Fig. 4 Upon the top of each bar. there is a single projecting pin, against which the cranked levers a strike,

sliding bars, 12 These, in consequence of the space they occupy, must cording to the position of the cranks and keys. Upon the under side there are also projecting pins; but instead of being limited to one to each bar, they are not only of .various numbers, but also in varying positions, as illussuccession.

trated in Fig. 4, wheretwo bars are seen detached. The upper side shows the single pin a a with which each is provided; but on the under side one has two pins, 73 i, stationed far apart, while the other has three, 0 o o, in One of these bars has nine in succession, and this corresponds with the nine indicators in the excavated ring, which have already been described at c of Fig. 12.

Thus, when the key which acts upon this I slide is pressed down, all the indicators would be set also; if the key which acts upon the slide 01 Ki, Fig. 4, only two indicators would be moved, viz., the top and bottom ones; while with the next slide, three consecutive levers would be moved, as Fig. 3.

There are nine levers d shaped as shown in Fig. 3*. They have a fulcrum or axis, the top half of the lever being a blade, while the lower half is simply an arm placed near one extremity of the axis; but as each of these arms connects with one end of one of the trackers 0 which lead off to the center of the machine atright angles, the arms cannot be placed equally near-the end, as otherwise the trackers could not be engaged. These latter lie beneath the bed of the machine, and their position is seen in the plan view of said bed in Fig. 4, wherein the ends of the levers 6&

will be seen engaged, "and which will sufficiently explain their arrangement upon the axes, as above referred to. It will be seen that the whole row of slides b lies across the tops of the levers ri and at right angles to them. Thus any slide can be made to act upon as many levers as may be required for effectingmovements in' the indicators, according to. the position of the pins 6 i or 0 0. 0f the one hundred and nineteen keys represented in the drawings, each one corresponds to atype of a different name. or character.

Thus, the indications must be obtained by variously combined movements of thenine levers 0i". The trackers terminate at. their other ends in a second set of levers, (seen at f, Figs. 2, 25, and 26,) and shaped as in the detached view, Fig. 26 Embracing their lower half is a swingframe, n ',-Fig.-26, the

bottom of which is constantly 'kept'pressing against the lower ends of the levers f. This frame pulls the levers back after having been acted upon by the trackers.

are beveled, as shown,for the purpose of transmitting motion to athird set of levers, g ,which stand at right angles thereto, one of the ends resting at the bottom of the beveled top of each lever, as in Fig. 26. Thus, by pulling chinc-i. 0., that without regard to the speed.

of the carrying-wheel, or the delivery of type also seen in action at p",

The tops of f

Images