USRE3182E - Stephen b - Google Patents

Description

No. 3,182. l REISSUED Nov. 3, 136s. s. R. KRoM.

. .MACHINE POR SEPARATING ORBS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

STEPHEN E. KEOM, for, YORK, N, Y y

IMPRovED MACH-:INE- r-fo R.. SEISARATING oREs.

- Specification forming part of Letters Patent 81,794, dated September 1, 1868; antedated August 5, 1868 Reissue Nia-8,182, dated November 3, 1868;

To all urhom #may concern.'- n v Be it known that I, STEPHEN R. .K RoM, of

the city and county of New York, in the State of N ew York, have invented Vcertain new and useful Improvements in Machines-for Separating-Orcs and other Granular Substances having dierent speciiic gravities; andI do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact. description thereof. v

-fMyinaehine usesintermittent jets or puits,

' ...which agitate the granular matter on the perforated bed, and allow it, in moving forward thereon, to separate, 'by the difference in gravity, the heavier masses sinking and the lighterri'sing under the peculiar conditions thus induced. My machine also discharges the lighter material over a dam or obstructionl into onelvessel or receptacle, while the heavy material is conducted down into another, and is which I am able to act with the highest degree of efficiency with varying speeds of the machine, and am also able to better protect the mechanism from dust &c., and to better regulate or graduate the discharge of the inaterial.

' In the course of my experiments I have found that increasing the suddenness of the upward stroke of the bellows, and bringing the ore on the ore-bed very close to such bed, or, as I prefer to terni it, in an under current, has the effect to avoid the necessity for a great length of the perforated bed.

I am able to separate the ore or other granular material on a very short length, and c011- sequently; can, with a given area ot' spa-ce occupied by themachine, greatly increase what may be termed the width of the ore-bed, so that its width, considered relatively to the motion of the granular n iatter'thereon, is much greater than its length, 1. 4

I will irst proceedl to, describe what I consider the best nieanse-'ofgl carrying out my inventon, and will afterward designate the points which I believe to be new therein.

The accompanying drawings forma part of this specication.

Figure 1 is a front view of the machine, with a portion of the casing broken away to exhibit the inclosed machinery. Fig. 2 is a vertical section, showing an end view of the said inclosed machinery. Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the center of the length of the machine. l

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in allthe figures.

A A is a fixed frame-work, carrying the dif-4 ferent workin g and other-parts of the machine. B is a closed box to cover the different working parts.

' The relations of the mechanism will be tolerably apparent from the drawings.

C is a trip-wheel. I) is a device for giving intermittent puffs of air or water, and which is here shown as of bellows form. S is said bellows-shaft or rocking shaft.A Eis a rubber strap or spring. F is an arm which takes hold of the bellows-shaft S. This arm carries a pin, against which the trip-wheel acts. H H are pulleys to give a comparatively slow mot-ion to a rich-ore delivery or discharging device, and which is here represented as va. eorru gated roller, L. I is the sieve or ore-bed. J is the channel for rich ore, or the heaviest granular matter to low slowly donn. N is the gate to regulate the delivery of ore on the sieve I. K is a gate to regulate the depth of ore on the ore-bed and the overilow of tailings. M is the hopper in which to introduce theore or other granular material to be separated. T' is the trip-wheel shaft.- lX is a pin for one'of the pulleys to revolve on. Y Y are the front and rear plates or sides ofthe frame-work. R is the valve-passage or induction-aperture,

which receives the air into the space above the bellows D. Z is apiece of soft leather, or other tight and flexible material, which forms the ilap or valve for the passage R, and also prevents the escape of air at the rear of the bellows.

The front of lthe bellows is made to run in.

nearly air-tight contact with the hollow rear face of the longitudinal piece 'I'.

Thev screws aud other means for connecting and adjusting the partsy will be understood by good mechanics froml the drawings without prolonged description.

The machine is operated as follows Ore being placed in the hopper M, and the mechanism being set in motion, as each projection ou the trip-wheel (l comes in contact with the pin on the lever F, said lever is thrown backand the bellows D is carried down. The moment the projection on the trip-wheely passes the pin on the lever F the rubber spring E, which connects the leverF with the xed pinW, quickly carries the lever and bellows back to their original position. -At each revolution of the trip-wheel C this operation is repeated so many times as there are teeth or projections on the trip-wheel. Each lupward movementl of 1 the 'bellows forces the ,air above through the sieve and agitates the ore lying thereon. p

Ihave represented. the ore by black and red dots in the drawings, the black being the heavy, ,and the red the light, grains. 'Each puii' of air tends to lift the lighter-portion to the surface, and allowthe heavier portion to sink to the bottom. y The lighter portion is I thrown to the surface and carried forward -over the gate K, while the heavy or rich ore works forward to the opening or channelJ, where it sinks as fastas room is made by the displace- :ment of cre at the bottom of this channel.

This displacementis regulated by means of the' slowly-revolving rcllerL. The separation takesv placeprineipally atthe point where the' ore is delivered from the hopper M onthe ore- .It` will be seen that I deliver the ore on the 4bedzin theform of a thin stream, and in the relation of 'an under current to that lying on theore-bed, so that the tailings or light portion have but a'short distance to traverse upf.

ward to become separated from the heavy pon` tion, andthe heavy portion has no distance to sink, because it enters near the surfaceofthe ore-bed. Y

By this feature, combined with the quick or sharp pu's of air obtained inthe manner just described, I .am enabled to use a very short traverse of the ore acrossffthe bed.

' I have found four hundredpuis of air per f ,minuteto be about .what is required for rapid Work.- More canl be given without injury.

Itis necessary that the parts which move at so rapid a rate .should 'be as light as possible',and made in such a manner as will insure the greatest durability.

. By reducing my ore-bed I reduce/correspond-4 A ingly my bellowsni Instead of a large moving bellows Iuse alsmall one, and I separate on my short bed 'very eiectually.

Another advantage I'obtain in reducing the weight of the moving parts is, less vibration or shake of the machine, and less noise. V'- bration tends to cause the heavy part of the ore to shift either to one side or the other, thus uncovering the Iopenin g for theY deliver),T

of the rich ore, or, by reason of the bed be-A ing more covered on one side than onthe other,'the air tends to escape all on the side least covered. 1

In order to work successfully the machine should stand steady. vIt' the action ofthe puffs of air on the oreis not counteracted-by any vibration of the machine, the ore will be evenly distributed over the entire bed. The simple action of air on the ore in lgentle puffs willlvery' evenly distribute the ore on the bed, al 'though very uneven before the puffs of air are given. The air will counteract some shake of the machine, and` in my machine no serious elect from shake is experienced.

My mode of working the bellows by the trip-wheel C and spring Eis better than any before known, because I can by itsmeans get a uniform quick upward movement of the bellows, and consequeutlya justsuicientlyvigorous pui' of air, whether the machine runs faster or slower than its usual sp'eed.

'I usually prefer to obtain four hundred and twenty puffs of air through the ore per minute. 'lf I put more projections on the trip-wheel ,0, then I may run the trip-wheel at a lower speed; but I consider itv better to run at this speed, for the sake of the steady motion the momentum will give, and the speed of seventy revolutions does not kstrike the projections on the trip-wheel so hard as to make, this speed objectionable. Y

The rubber or other spring E is an,y important feature of my. machine, to carry back the bellows, not only on account of the quick manner in which it acts, buteach .upward stroke is precisely alike, so producing puffs of ain of equalforce at each upward movement of the bellows. No matter what may be the speed of the trip-wheel, whether fast or slow, the puff of air isfthe same, or thereabout.

In using the cam or crank' as used in former machines, no such-results can be obtained,

, because, if the cam or crank moves slowly, the

bellows must move correspondingly slow, 'and A when the speed greatly slackens no adequate eect is produced on the ore.

' I connect the discharging-roller L with the main shaft, which carriesthe trip-wheel C, so

that if the trip-wheel revolves slowly, and theA bellows givebut few puli's of air through the ore, per minute, and consequently less ore is separated per 4minute, the corrugated discharge-roller L drags less from the channel J. Y

Each 'part thus keeps time with the other, `so the' speed may be varied from fast to slow,

and theonly edect produced will be the treat# ment of more or less ore.

This is an important feature of my invention-namely, theworkin g in concert-so that when the one slackens the other slackcns, and vice versa, of the discharging device to the rich ore or heavier particles, and device for producing iuterinittent puffs to the ore or other granular substance on the sieve or bed I.

This will readily be perceived, 'whenv it is considered that, the separation being eifected y the one device, `which produces intermittent puffs, it is necessary, in order to secure the passage for the rich ore from the bed being 'kept filled, and yet not so fullas -to choke,- that the dischargin g device at the bottom of said passa-ge should movel in timely concert with the separating device.

It will be obvious that various arrangements of shafts and pulleys, or other driving appliandes, may be employed to produce this working in concert of the separating and discharging devices; but the direct arrangement of bands and pulleys shown iu the drawing is preferred, especially where the machine is designed' to be worked by hand. As the richness of ore varies, and the proportion of rich ore or metal is greater or less, 'the speed of the roller L must be regulated accordingly. I have provideddiii'erent speeds on the pulleys for this purpose, the functions of which, in this combination, I esteem very important, and the construction and arrangement of which will be readily understood from the drawings.

`Orcs also vary in gravity, and it is therefore necessary to vary the strength of the pus of air for different qualities of ore. I provide means to accomplish this result in the use of the leather strap O and graduated fastening 0.

It will be understood that, by holding the lever F back to a greater extent, by the strap O, the trip-wheel C does not move the lever F through so great a space as when allowed to move the full depth of the projection on the trip-wheel.

By this means I can regulate the force of air acting on the ore to suit different gravities. ther means than the leather strap O can be employed to catch the lever; but I prefer this because it makes little noise. p

The gate N'regulates the delivery of ore to the bed, and the gate K regulates the depth of ore lying on the bed.

lIn treating different ores I iind they require vdifferent thicknesses of strata.

. The inclosed box B contains the principal represented, relatively to the discharge-pasworking parts, and protects them from grit and dirt.

A very long use of my trip-Wheel Cl does not interfere with the perfect working of the machine, because the projections are lmade long enough to admit of considerable wear.

, Instead of making my opening for ore and overilow for tailings across the machine, I

arrange them lengthwise ofthe structure, as represented. Whatever difference there is in the length of the opening, so much is the capacity of the machine varied. For example, the width of .a workin g machine, as previously constructed, was about one foot, and the delivery 1 corresponded to this width. f

' I prefer to make the working machine here described from four to six feet long, and the capacity ofl this machine is from four to six timesv as great as those before known, and the amount of sieve-surface to do this greater amount of separation of ore isonly one-fourth (i) as much, and, as before stated, theamouut of power required is greatly diminished.

By employing a bellows hinged on the shaft S, instead of moving'directly up and down, I

not only get an easy movement, but am enabled to operate it with -few parts, and by very simple devices.

By placing the working parts C F, Src., at the end of the machine, I am enabled to in- `close the principal working parts in a tight A box or case', B, without additional framework.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim -as newin separating-machines, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is -as follows: y

l. Introducing the material upon the bed I 'in a thin stratum close to the surface of the bed, suhstantially'in the manner and for the 'purpose herein set forth. v

discharge from thepassage which carries olf the heavier grades or particles passed through the sifting or separating bed, substantially as specified.

et.v So gearing or operating the device' which eifects separation by intermittents puffs, and the rotating or traveling device which regulates the discharge of sifted material, as that said devices are made to work at lined relative 'velocities to each other during all variations in the general speed of the machine, es-

sentially as and for the purpose` 0r purposes .herein set forth. f v

5. The roller Il, arranged and operating, as

sage J, for the purposes-herein set forth.

6. |The trip-wheel C and lever F G, or their respective equivalents, arranged yrelatively to the bellows D, and to the perforated bed I and its connections, as and for the purposes herein-set forth.

7 In combinationwiththe perforatedbed I, and with means for introducing and removing the material, as specified, moluiting the bellows D on a rocking shaft, S, and operating it by an adjustable vibrating motion, substantially as and for the purposesI -herein speciiied. y

8. The gates N and K, so arranged as to alherein set forth.' l

9. In combinationfthe orc-bed I with its 4 Y mss feeding and discharging devices, the adjustable oscillating bellows D, the trip-wheel C, and its connections, and the means H H1 H, or their equivalents, for varying the rat-e of discharge through the passageJ, allarran ged for joint operation, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

' 1Y0, The Within described arrangement of the operating-parts C F, and their connect-ions,

at the end of the main frame-work A, so that they may operate, by a direct connection through the rocking shaft S, with the bellows D, and that the closed end. of the frame A shall form one ent-ire side of an inclosing-case to protect the Working mechanism', all as and for-the purposes herein setforth.

STEPHEN B. KROM. Wiii messes' :y

J. W. (looms, A.- LECLERC.

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