USRE3140E - hayes - Google Patents

Description

, `@einen glans gutem @Hirsi-i- I GEORGE E. HAYES, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent lVo. 31,599, dated art-L 5, 1861; reissue No. 3,140, dated September 29, 1868.

vIMPRVED VULGANIZING-VESSEL.

@the Srlythule rferteh it it time rtttrs rtent mrt melting mit nf tige simu.

TO ALL WHOM ITIMAY GONOERN:

Be it known that I, GEORGE E. HAYES, of the cityof Buffalo, in thecounty of Erie, and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvcmentsin the Construction and Use of Vulcanizing-Vessels, for vulcanizinur rubber compound, and other vulcani-viable gums and compounds, for artieial'teeth and other purposes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had toqt-hc accompanying drawing, making a part of this specification, and in which- Figure 1 is ajyertical sectionof a. vulcanizing-vessel constructed according to my invention.

Figure 2, afplan of the bottom or lower section thereof.

Figure 3, a. plan of a band used to surround the plaster.

Figure 4, a plan of atop or cover to said band; and

Figure 5 a plan of an open ring, which sits within the lower section.

Prior to this, my invention, vulcanizing-vessels for, say, by way ofexample, vdental work, had either been connected, by branch or pipe, with aise-parate vessel, in which steam was generated to effect the vulcanization, or had been provided with a lower steam-Generating vessel, as a direct attachment, as itw'ere, andin which water was placed, but which formed a distinct device or chamber from the vulcanizing-vessel or case, perforations or other suitable openings, in some instances through an interposed plate or intermediate section, beingestablished, to pass the steam to the vessel or chamber in which was located the mould containing the rubber compound; or, if single chambers were used, water had to=be put into the vessel with the desk, the bottom not being suliciently at and rigid to-transmit the heat to the ask without some intermediate conductor, and provision'was usually made to keepA the llask ,out of, the water. To these constructions and modes of working vulcanizing-vessels there are seriousobjections, and', though the direct attachment of a. steam-generating device or chamber below the vulcnnizing-vessel has advantages over the other method or arrangement of a separate steani-gencrator,also hereinbefore referred to, the same is objectionable, firstly', in the insertion of the mould from above, throng'h a lid or cover, to the vulcanizing-vessel proper, which made itdlcult so to adjust the mould as that it would be equally on the base of' the vessel, to secure pcrfectand regular vulcainization throughont, and equal exposure to the steam, fragments of dirt or plaster unavoidably lying on the base, and which, where the lid or opening was at the top, were difficult to remove, and sometimes even to see..

Such construction of vulcanizing-vessels was also objectionable on account of the .number of sections, including-'the lid and steam-generating chamber, the warpingor change of shape takingplace in the surface under which Awas arranged the lamp or heater, by reason of the pressure of thc steam, and which gave an irregular or uhlevel character to the mould-seat, and the waste of heat by the indirectapplication of it to the mouldior base carrying the same.

These and other defects my improvements obviate; and my invention consistsv Firstly, in making the vulcanizing-vessel proper, or oven, irrespective of its interior linings or fittings, of

I but two main sections, forming, when united, a vessel of bel1-like character,.consisting of an upper or enclosingsection, constituting the body ofthe. vessel, as distinguishable from a mere lid, and rigid base-piece or lower section, to support the moiild, which construction notvonly simplifies structure, but facilitates examination and elearning of the base on which the mould rests, and adjustment or" the latter thereon. i

Secondly, in so constructing and using a vulcanizing-vcssel as that the plaster mould, containing the rubber compound, shall lie upon the bottom of said vessel, and the heat from the lamp or other heater be applied directly to the bottom of the vessel upon which the mould lies, thereby securing a close proximity of the mould and rubber compound with thc heated vessel, which construction und use enable me to dispense with water within the vulcanizing-vessel as n. heating-medium, as heretofore used, other than that combined with the plaster mould,

and also allows the'vulcanizing-process to be completed with a less quantity of heat than heretofore, and'in less time.'

Thirdly, the invention consistsin the construction and use of a mercury-chamber, in which to pla-ce the Vthe drawing.

bulbof the thermometer, so that the degrees-of heat may be correctly indicated without incurring the danger and inconvenienceofv placing the bulb within a osteam-chamber, as heretofore. And

Fourthly, the invention consists in the use of an open ring, in connection with the vulcanizing-vessel, for the purpose-of facilitating the removal of the plaster from said vessel, the plaster being allowed to come in direct'contact with thebottom ofthe vessel during the vulcanizing-process, and inthe arrangement of' a spring therewith. I Referring to the-accompanying drawing, A (figs. 1 and') represents the base or lower-section of the vulcanizing-vessel or oven, the same being oi" iiattened form, 'and of a rigid character, to prevent warping or change of shape, 4through the pressure to which it is subjected, by making it, say, of cast iron 'of suitable thickness. This bottom `or base-piece is preferably of a circular form, of suitable diameter, and so constructed as to form a circular basin, A', of, say,`half an inch, more or less, indepth, to a. diameter of'ahout four'and a quarter inches. For these'sizes, it may heabout threeeighths of an inch in thickness, more or less. It may have three legs or feet, bl, with' holes, b2, therein, through 'which to pass the bolts from the upper or body-section H, these two sections forming the vulcanizing-vessel or oven, whiehthus is of a bell-like character, havngits opening and closing joint, for insertion of the mould, at or near the bottom. I

0,-ig. 5, is an open ring, of cast iron, abo11t, say, half an inch in thickness, and of such diameter as will allowv it to sit within the basin, already described. It has three slight depressions or recesses, as shown at c', to admit the lugs projecting from the edge ot' a band, D. This band D, iig. 3, is also of; cast iron, about, say, one inch in width, and of equal diameter (or nearly so) with the basin Aof the lower section of the vulcanizingvessel. It has three projecting lugs df, which pass into the depressions c', as-fshown in iig. 1.

E, iig.-4, isfa top plate or cover to the band D. 4 It is made of cast iron, with three projecting ribs, which pass inside ofthe band D, twoof which are shown at e', iig. l. It has a slight circular emboss upon its upper face, as shown atf, with several'eountersiukmas shown atg. p

H, g. 1, is the upper and enclosing orbody-section of the vulcanizing-vessel, the same being made of a suitable thickness ot'meta'l,` and, where a separate band, D, with its cover E and open ring C, is used, of ai diameter a little larger than the band D, and of a depth which exceeds the width of said band and cover, so

that it muy enclosethese parts, leaving suiiicient room for a spring, F, to press upon the cover E, as shown in One end of this spring F is made fast tothe upper section H of the vessel, upon itsinside, as shown at z', while the otherend is left free, the middle of the spring pressing upon the cover E.

The object of this spring is to hold the parts C, D, and E (with the mould) securely in their proper places during the vulcanizing-process. A knob or protuberance, J, is formed on the top of the upper or body-.section H, in which is a mercurychamber, K. A screw-thread is cut on the outside of Vthis knob, so that the thermometer L'ma'y be screwed thereonand allow the bulb m to hang in the chamber, in mercury or other fluid, as shown in the drawing.

This arrangement enablesme to u se the thermometer entirely separate from a steam-chamber. It also enables 'me to use a thermometer more safely and conveniently than where it is connected with the steamchamber. It can be removed and laid by in a safe place, when no'tin use.

Bolts, N, are connected with the upper section, and made to pass through the holes b in the base-section A of the vessel,l with nuts e, to'hold the two parts firmly secured together.

P, may be used betweenthe two sections A and H, so that no steam or water can escape4 Rubber pa-cking, from the mould whileithe vulcanizing-process is going on.

Q is a jacket, made,.say, of galvanized iron, which may be used to set over the upper Aor body-section H of' the vulcanizing-vessel or oven, and madeto rest upon the bottom or base-section A, as represented.

To use the vulc'anizing-vessel as thus constructed and fitted, or provided, I first place the narrow ringCl withinthe basin A. The mould is placed in this ring, lying upon the bottom of the basin A', and the'interstices filledV with plaster even with the top of th'e ring. The wide band D is the'n properly placed and fitted with plaster,`to form the upper section ot' themould. The latter being ready, the rubber compound is introduced inthe ordihary or any. suitable way. After this, the upper section H is secured to the bottom or lower section A, by means ot' the bolts and nuts before described, 'the spring F resting upon the cover E. Heat is then applied vt-o the lower section or rigid bottom, A, of the vessel till the thermometer marks a degreesomewhere, say, from 300 to' 330 Fahrenheit. It' kept at about the latter temperature forty-veminutemor thereabouts, the rubber should be perfectlyvulcanized. When done, the whole vessel may be immersed in vwater, and the bolts uniting the sections unscrewed.

l. A vulcanizing-vessel or oven, having its opening and closing joint",'i`or insertion and removal ofA the mould, at or near the bottom, by making it ot' two-,main sections,'the uppercrenclosing one-offvlwhich forms the body of the vessel, while its ,lower section constitutes a base thereto, substantially as specied 42. So constructing a vuleanizing-vessel, with a tlattened bottom, as that the plaster mould, containing the rubber compound, shall be in contact with thexinside ci' the lower part of. the vessel', so that the heat from the -lamp or other'heatcr shall be applied directly to that part of the vessel upon which the mould lies, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. A mercury-chamber, formed in the upper section of the vulcanzing-vessel, the same being constructed and arranged with the thermometer, essentially as described.

4. The openring O, in combination with the bottom, A, band D, andcover E, substantially as specified.

GEO. E. ,HAYES Witnesses: g

J. El Ronin, Jr., Gnus. `B. BROWN.

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