USRE30E - Thomas cooper - Google Patents

Description

T. COOPER.

Refining Iron.

Reissued Mar. 18, 1841;

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UNITED STATES PATENT O FICE.

THOMAS COOPER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPRGVEMENT IN PUDDLING-FURNACES FOR MANUFACTURING IRON WITH ANTHRACH'E COAL. Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 1,733, dated August 25, 1840; Reissue N0. 80, dated March 18, 1s41.

with their several parts, as hereinafter described. I would here state that the vertical city of New York, in the county and State of .fiue is not absolutely essential when the sin- New York, have invented certain new and l gle furnace only is constructed, though even useful improvements upon the reverberatory in this case I believe its use to be attended furnace by means of which the puddling, with much advantage in point of economy. boiling, scrapping, billeting, and heating of The double furnace, of which Figure 1 is a iron and other metals, the smelting of lead front elevation, Fig. 2 a vertical and longituand other ores, may be effected solely with dinal section, and Fig. 3 a horizontal plan, anthracite coal, or with a mixture of anthrawill be more particularly referred to in the decite and other fuels, with great saving both 'scription. The coal-chambers or chambers of of the fuel employed and the metal heated, combustion G C have in the center of the floor over any other mode now known or in use; I of each a small grate, B, or other arrangeand I do hereby declare that the following is ment essentially similar, surrounded by a a full and exact description thereo i hearth or dead-work, G, made with ashes or To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, THOMAS CooPER, of the The nature of my nvent o CO S StS, fi st, ijsome non-conductor of heat, to protect the side in providing the reverberatory furnace with a walls from the intense heat that is generated fire-chamber the bottom of which is formed in the center of the mass of coal or that part of a small grate, or other means of support to of it immediately over the grate. A rule for thefue], that shall freely permit the passage determining the size of the grate cannot be of air through it, surrounded by a hearth or given, since the dimensions are dependent dead-work to protect the masonry of the furupon the size of the furnace, quality of the nace from the destructive action of the great fuel employed, and strength of the blasts. The heat that is generated while the furnace is in greatest saving both of the fuel and the metal operation; the bottom of the fire-chamber is effected when the grate is contracted to the when so formed has this further advantagesmallest size at which it will remain efficient. the clinker is more easily removed from it; To support the bottoms of the coal-chamsecondly, in combining two or more fire-chambers, and also the fire-bridge walls P P, I

hers and heating-bottoms or puddling-cha-mplace iron platesJ J, extending from the front hers in one furnace; and, thirdly, in providof the rearwall of the furnace, being let into ing this double or combined furnace with a each wall for the depth of from four to six vertically-descending flue when it is used for inches. A space is left in these plates for the puddling, scrapping, billeting, orheating iron grate B; or the hearths may be supported by with anthracite coal. mason-work, either resting on beams let into To enable others skilled in the art to make the walls surrounding the ash-pit or brought and use my invention, I will proceed to deup from the foundation, openings being left scribe its construction and operation, refer= for the grate, as required in the iron plates. ence being also made to the drawings hereunto The coal-chambers are supplied with fuel by annexed, of vertical and horizontal views and hoppers K K, and each has a door, R, in front sections of the furnace, laid down upon a scale for regulating the fire. of one-fourth of an inch to the foot. The puddling or heating chambers DD have I construct a reverberatory furnace of good each a supply-door, Q, in front, raised by a and substantial masonry, and such parts as lever, T, and also an opening, S, in the rear are exposed to great heat I make of fire-brick to let off the cinder. To form the bottoms of or some material that will resist the action of thepuddling-chambers, Iplace angnlarhollow the heat, the whole being firmly bound toiron bridges H H, connected with and pargether by buckstaifs, clamps, and binders. tially resting upon an iron plate, I, the whole This furnace may be either single or comextending from front to rear, and being let bined. In either case it comprises or consists into the walls in the same manner as the plates of the following divisions, as coal and pudunder the coal-chambers. dling chambers, ash pit orv pits, and fines, The ash pits or spaces A A under the coal and puddling chambers receive the ashes and other residuum of the fuel. Into these spaces the-air-blast is forced, when it becomes heated before passing into the coal-chamber, and each pit has a door opening to it placed in the end wall, N, -of the furnace. This door also serves, by means of a valve placed in it, to

- supply the coal-chamber with air when the blower is not in operation. The vertical fine E, formed by the flue-bridge walls 0 O and the external walls of the furnace, descends to a distance below the bottom of the heatingchamber and then leads into a horizontal flue, F, which may pass either under a set of boilers for the purpose of generating steam, or into a chimney-stack placed in the rear opposite the flue. A damper is placed either under the boilers or upon the chimney, that the workmen may graduate the draft to the blast. The furnace is covered with a proper crown, L, and secured by buckstaffs U and iron plates or binders V V.

As further illustrations of my improvements, I have added an end elevation of a furnace,-(see Fig. 4,) showing the ash-pit and valve-door X, and the connection of the horizontal flue F, with a set of boilers, Y; a vertical and longitudinal section of a single furnace, (see Fig. 5,) with the flue passing into a chimney-stack, \V; a horizontal plan of a single furnace, (see Fig. 6,) and a vertical and longitudinal section of a combination of several chambers, heating -bottoms, and fines, (see Fig. 7,) like parts in all these plans being designated by the same letters of reference.

The furnace before being used should be dried by a moderate heat and rendered perfectly free from moisture. After charging it with coal close the doors of the ash-pit and force into the space A a strong and steady current of air from a rotary fan or other eflect ive blowing apparatus. In the pipe or tube through which the air passes to the furnace from the blowers a throttle-valve should be placed, with a rod extending upward from its axis to the height of the furnace, surmounted by a small arm, by which the workmen may regulate the blast. The air from the blower may enter the ash-pit at any convenient point, care being taken to make the passage sufficiently large to allow the air to pass freely. The cinder should be assisted to flow out at the opening S by placing coals within the re- 1 cess, secured or kept there by a cross-bar and plate adapted to this use. In other respects the furnace is worked like the ordinary puddling or scrapping furnace.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

.1. Constructing the floor of the-fire-chamher with a'grate in the center, or other arrangement substantially the same, as set forth, surrounded bya dead-work for protecting the masonry of the chamber and the furnace, all as described.

2. Combining two or more heating-chambers and puddling-chambers with the deadwork and grate, as described, in one furnace.

3. Constructing this combined furnace with a vertically-descending flue, in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

THOS. COOPER.

Witnesses:

WM. A. Cox, DANIEL H. TURNER.

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