USRE3006E - Improvement in harvesters - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES V MITCHELL, VANOE d', CO., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNEES OF EDGAR M.

' SMITH, OFSSAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN HARVESTERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent To all 'whom 'it muy concern:

Be it known that EDGAR M. SMITH, ot the" city, county, and State ot' New York, has invented certain new and nsefulllmprovements iu Combined Reaping and Mowing Machines, and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ot' the same, reference heilig had to the accompany-l ing drawings, making a part ot' this specification, in which- Figure l represents a side view of the machine as arranged for cutting grain. Fig. 2 represents a top plan of the saine. Fig. 3 rep? resent-stit-reversible tenida-acting rati-het and pawl. Fig. et represents a side view ofthe sante machine arranged-tor cutting grass, and Fig. 5 represents a top plan ot the same. Fig. (i represents a portion o the rcel, showing how it may be adjusted to give its blades greater or less sweep. Fig. 7 represents one ot' the main cogavheels and its ratchet united, it bcing shown both in elevation and section. Fig. S represents the plate and adjustable pulleys thereon for taking up or adjusting the belt or band 'that drives the reel.

Similar letters of reference, where they oecur in the several separate tigures, denote like parts ofthe machine in all ot' the drawings.

In cutting grain it is necessaryv to place the cutting apparatus at`or near the 'rear ot' the main fratrie, so as to facilitate the delivery ot the cut grain upon the ground, out ot' the way ofthe path ol'the machine on its return swath; butincntting grass the cutters should bc placed at or near the 1'ronto1' the main trame, t'or scveral reasons: lirst, because, as the cuttcrsmust work close to the ground, and there arc always t0 be found obstructions ot' some kind orother over which the cutters must bc raised or eased, it is important that thc driver or conductor, who faces toward the horses, should be able to see these intervening obstacles, so as to raise and lower the cutting apparatus accordinglya. thing,r he cannot do when the cutters are behind him, but which is not so important in -cutting grain, as the cutters are then raised at considerable distance above the ground, and only very large and easily seen obstacles could in that position touch them, this forward poissue No. 3,006, dated sitiou of the cutters being desirable; secondly, v because in ease the driver or conductor should be thrown from his seat, which ot'ten happens, he would fall behind instead of in front of the cutters; and, thirdly, itis important, as it eases thev drat't of' the machine, and the cutters in every machine would bc arranged at the front ot' the mainframe were it not that in cutting grain this position so interferes with the delivery ot' the cut grain on the grounthelear of the path ot' the machine on its next round.

rlhis'invention is based upon these condi tionsin cutting grain and in cutting grass;

and the said vlimim. M. Sui/urn saconstrnehul andarranged the several parts ot' his machine as to readily adapt it Ato both conditions by simply7 shifting some ot' its parts, as will be explained inconuection with the drawings; and the nature ol" the invention consists, first, in combining with [humain driving and sup- -porting wheels ot' the machine, when runnin,f ,r

loosely on their axles or journals, lthe. main gear-wheels running loosely on the hubs otl said driven-heels, with a ratchet-and-pawl conneci tion between them, so that they may move t0- gcthcr or independent of each other, as the ase may be.

Theinvention tartherconsistsin the arrangement ot' thc two .sets ot' plates and boxes on opposite sides of the main frame, so that the cutting apparatus may be shifted and arranged upon either side ot' the main frame, as the kind of oropto be cut may require.

The invention further consists in combining with two sets ot' plates and boxes, arranged on opposite sides o`t' the main t`ran1c,a curved har or brace extending from oneJ side of said main frame to the other, so as to leave unobstructed space 'or the free action ot the rake when used.

The invention further consists in combining with the loose and shifting main wheels-and main cogged gears certain pinions permanently arranged on their shaft, so that the loose and shifting,r wheels will, when on either sideot the n1achiue,mesh with the pinions,whichever end ot' the machine may go foremost.

The invention further consists in. hanging' the reeLblades to the reel-shalt by means ot' 'axle-,13 is permanently aiiixed7 i theoase if rho sido A" were as iong or crossed arras aud adjusiahle heads, hubs, or sockets for the purpose oi enlarging' ordimiuishing rile cireuin'lereucc oi' the reci; and iho invention further eonsiss ih the use ci' jusiahe pulley-plaie and adkiustahle pulleys thereon, for iize purpose of taking apiheslaeh oi' ihe reeiheit, or for letting ib our, when the roel is iowercd orraised ou its posi; or support.

To euahio those siiiiod in the arl; io make and use this invention, the suhjoined dese-ription is given, in connecion with the accompanying drawings.

A regu-oscars a main frame, to which The The main sur porting; and driving whocis ifi il rnu loosclg, upon the journals ci" the axle B, and upon the hubs oi these wheels U U are loosely piaceri he coggefl gears D D, cash gear haring casi: or permanently wrought upon ir. a raiohe'r, o, with which spriughawls c, aihiched no the 'spokes of' 'the wheeis engage when requh site, so that, the gears D may worh fasi or icose on the wheeis as oocasion may reanire, and as will be further explained. The oog-gears D D work. into pinions i b, one on each end of the shaft d, which shalt. auras in its hearings with 'ihc pinions, and oa ihis shaft d there is a barrel-gear, E, which meshes wiLh aud hui-ns a bevel-pinion, c, on the end ai au inclined shaft, j", the opposie end ci which iucinerl shaft carries a cranuwhcei, g, to which the pimun k is attached for driving? he cartero, One side, A, oi' ithe main frame is longer than tho-other side, A", and heir ends) are counected und braced h5' a marred brace, @which arrangement gives a support for a easterwhee, G, a relier-s seai, El, more especially a garciiugqii ce, i, inra whine iho grain may he drawn and deposited wiihoni;interfering with she free action of rho rahie, as would [he projeeted as for as the opoosie sido, A,

` Upea the har or brace F (whioh i' prefer ro :nuire of caseiron oi'aiiaagged or angleshagie, for ilse salie oi iigghlbuess, together with strength) is piaeed a guiding and eugiporiog piece, J,

which, when liao machine is arranged for reap! ing grain, serres 'as a support for 'the rairerls seat H, (the drireris'seat hengat EQ) hui; which, when the machine is ehaaged and reversed, as niil hue gireseaiiy described., io arrange it for cutiies becomes a tonguefsupporr and guide, tongue, whoa he machine is arranged for reaping, 'noia in ille position shown ai L, Figs. 1 and f., i

Oahe side pieces, A' A", are secured the platea, or pieces L L", each furnished with square or round hoses fi i, to receire lire square or romndxpieces jj, which aid in formino; the hinged and ycdiug con aeegion of the hogerhar and euttiag apparatus, together with the reeil and. plai'orsi when used, ro the main frame, the ohjeel; oi' rho two plates L L" and their hoses heiug" for the purpose of shifting she eattiug apparatus from one sido of the maohine to the other, which, when done, together wiih the shiiings of the main supporting and driving wheels U and the tongue I, as seen iu Figsfeand 5, converts the machine from a reagierte amower; and the cutting apparatus, which for a reaper was placed in rear oi' the 'main frame, is now for a mower at or near thel forward end oi' the main frame, and thus the iwoprerequisites ofa reapcr and of a mower unainiained in one and the same machine.

The lii'tinglever M, Figs'. 4 and 5, which has a segment', N, upon its lower end, is connected to the har l: by a chain, l', or other flexible connection, and the bar kis in turn connected to he inside shoe or inner end of the fingerhar, so that by means of the lever the cutting apparatus may he raised and lowered at pleas? ure. The har 7; is sohnng to the under side or" the main frame as that it; may more longitadinaiiy ic. 'iis support; for the purpose ol'slid- .ing is endwise familier under 'hc frame when it becomes necessary or desirable to raise up the iihgeahar and cutting apparatus high enough to swing ihem against or upon the main frame.

From the inside shoe or from `the inner end of rho hoger-har here rise twocurred arms, m m., which connect with the sliding pieces j'j kry-hinged joints atA n n, so that. the finger-har f and its connected parte may work on said hinges iu 'yielding to ahy inequalities 'in the ground, or so ihai; they may rise up vertically to ine exient of' several inches by the Shanks or pieces j j sliding through their boxes lor guides z'fwhiie they are prevented from desoendiug beiow a" certain adjusted' position by means oi' the pins or set-screws o o.

The reelpost is set; on or in the inner shoe,

i?, had secured nyasegment-plate,Q,bywhieh il: may he leaned more toward or from tho standing grain to throw the reel more into or frein the grain, as may he desirable, and when so adjusted it is held in adjustment hy a set- Screugp, or otherwise. On top or near the opef ythe reel-posh O there is a saddle, R, which can he raised or lowered on said post', when necessary, by the sot-screws qq and ad jnstingholes r and in the hearings su of ihis saddle R. is supported a short reel-shaft, S, on which are sliding heads or hubs t t, that are permanently held in place when a'djusfed by setserews a, and to these heads or hubs the arras FQ il* are united that carry the reel blades or heaters U. The arms T Tcross each other, and are pivored at theirpoiut of crossing v', and by the sliding of the heads or huhs tou Ehe shaft; S and lhcfadjusting-holes w in 'the blades or healers U the diameter of the reel may he changed so as io make itreach farher into che standing grain and work closer to, or farther from tho cutters, as the condition ofi the crop' mayreqnire. The reel may be driven by au endless hein, i5, Fig. running over and around the puller a: ou the huh ofoue of the main dri'rewheels', and a pulley, y,y on the end of the reelshal'r, said holt also passing around intermediate pulleys, 2 2, that are adjustable 4, atrr nea-r the heel on an adjustaoie plate,

"post may be ot' the reel-post 0, soV that sai set forward or back without slacking the belt 3. It is obvious, however, that wheat-he reel is raised or lowered on the reel-post the driving-belt must be let out or taken up yto compensate for such change. To cut andreunite or fasten and unfasten the Abelt every time the reel is raised or lowered is too troublesome and uncertain, and the adjustable plate l and 'adjustable pulleys'2 2 are designed to compensate for the raising and lowering without lengthening or shortening the heit, and a comparatively small 'plate will snake or admit of quite a change ot' reel without cutting or' changing the belt in length as follows: The plate 4, by means of its slot 5 and setf screw 6, Amay be raised and lowered, say, i-our inches, each of th'e friction-pulleys 2 maybe moved the same distance in. zeir slots 7 7 ,and the sum ,of these 'three adiusments would be twelve inches, ,which ordinarily would he sutcient for ,any difference in height .that the reel would ever require. Ol? course the'plate and slots may be longer, if necessary; hutthe lengths'named have been found sufficient.

' Figs. 1, and 2 represent the machine aserrunged for` cutting grain, or as a reaper; and.

Figs. Lland 5 represent the sume parts when arranged for cuttinggrass, or as a mower, the

onlyroalchzmgcof parte being the pitm an, for

as the crank-,Wheel and its shaft are not in the center of the main trarne a longer pitman would bereiiuired4 in nuclease than in the-other. If, however, the 'crank-wheel and crank-shaft should he arranged equidistant from eachside ofthe main frame,then the same pitruun would answer; but it is preferable to arrange as shown and to use an extra pitman.

To change the machine from a renper`(as shown in Figs. 1 and 2) to a mower, (as shown iu Figs. 4 and 5,) thewheeis are taken olf and shipped sidefor side.77 as itis termed, or transposed, and if tho ordinary shouldered ratchets be used, then` thcgears D should be 'also arranged to make the parvis act fast and loose, according to the changed direction in `which the machinel isv to more; butil' the ratchcts and pawls be like those shown in Fig. 3, then it is only necessary to'turn over the'pawls, as shown by the red and black lines in said ligure, and the same result would be attainedviz.,` reversing the fast und loose condition ci' the gears upon or with the ydriving and s'up-' porting wheels. The wheels and ratchets bclngthus changed, the cutting apparatus is.de I tachcd from the right rea-r side ofthe main -.f frame and carried around. to the opposite side '.Indarrauged in the plate L. The tongue L is carried to the other end of the machine ,and secured in suitable bearings, and the machn'fie, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, is now arranged for mowing. The lifting-lever -M may'alsobe shil'ted around, though in cuttinggraimilie cutters being set up several inches ahoreime ground, the raising and lowering of the cutof the reel ting apparatus are not so 4necessary as in mowing, in which latter case the cutters work very close to the grounds Ol' the cutting apparatus vand outside shoe or divider it is not deemed necessary to enter into a full description, as they are distinctly shown and rcpresented.-

The caster-wheel G, without any change -of positioinadapts itself to the changed condition f of the machine from a reaper to a mower; but, as will be perceived, from being in the rear to support the raker in the first, it is in front to taire the weight ol' the machine oft' from the horses necks in. the second, condition of the machine.

Having thus fully described the object, nature, and purpose ot' thc invention, what is claimed therein as new, and desired to be secured by Letters APatent, is-

l. In combination with the main driving and supporting wheels running loosely on their axles or journals, the main gear-ivheels D, running loosely on the hubs oi' said drive-wheels ,l and havin ga ratchetfandpawl connection with cach other, substantially in the manner and for lthe purpose herein described and represented. 2. The arraugementot the two sets of plates fund boxes on the opposite sides of the main frame, so that the cutting' apparatus may be arranged on either side, as set forth.-

. 3. In. comhinationniththe. tiro sctsofplntes arranged on opposite'sides ot' the main frame, the curvedbar or brace F, extending from one to the other, so as to leave unobstructed space,

at l for the freeaclion of the rake, as described.

4. lu combination with the loose and shifting main wheels and main coggcd gears,the pinions i), permanently arranged on the shaft d, so 'that said loose and shifting wheels will,

when on either side of the machine, mesh with said pinions, asset forth, whichever end of the machine goes foremost.

5. Hanging the reel-blades to the reel-shaft by means of the crossed arms and adjustable heads, hubs, or sockets, for the purpose otfhenlarging or diminishing the circumference of the reel, substantially as described.

G. The adjustable pulley-plate and adjuster ble pulleys thereon, for the purpose of taking up or letting out the reel-belt when the reel is lowered orraised on its support, substantially,

as described. e I

- JOHNS. MITBELL,`

SAML.` B. H. VANUE, y AARON BENEDICT,

CHAS. BENEDICT, Comparing the firm) of lll'itcheZlVl/cncc d2; Oo.

Witnesses as to signatures of John S.. Mitchell and Sami. B. H. Vance:

JOHN H. SnLMns, PAUL E. MURPHY.

Witnesses as to .signatures of Aaron Bene-- dict and Chas. Benedict: CHARLES DroirusoN, E. L. BsoNsoN.

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