USRE29387E - Apparatus for the continuous mixing of granular materials - Google Patents
Apparatus for the continuous mixing of granular materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USRE29387E USRE29387E US05/753,808 US75380876A USRE29387E US RE29387 E USRE29387 E US RE29387E US 75380876 A US75380876 A US 75380876A US RE29387 E USRE29387 E US RE29387E
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- blades
- blade
- trough
- mixing
- shafts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/04—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by grinding, blending, mixing, kneading, or stirring
- B22C5/0409—Blending, mixing, kneading or stirring; Methods therefor
- B22C5/0413—Horizontal mixing and conveying units, e.g. the unit being rotatable about a vertical axis, or having a supplementary mixing house with a vertical axis at its end
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
- B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
- B01F27/701—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers
- B01F27/702—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers with intermeshing paddles
Definitions
- the improved mixing apparatus comprising the present invention is designed primarily for use in connection with the conditioning of foundry sand as, for example, where it is desirable to intermix a liquid binder and a liquid catalyst with a mass of dry sand in order to enhance the ultimate hardening factor of the sand when the latter is used in the production of a mold.
- the invention is, however, capable of other uses and a mixing apparatus embodying the principles of this invention may find a wide variety of industrial uses such as the mixing of granular materials in the production of gypsum or concrete, or in the iodization of salt.
- the invention is not necessarily limited to the mixing of granular materials and a mixing apparatus embodying the principles of the invention may, if desired and with or without suitable modification as required, be employed for mixing various plastic or other semi-solid materials, or for the mixing of fibrous solids with either liquids or semi-solids. Irrespective, however, of the particular use to which the invention may be put, the essential features of the invention are at all times preserved.
- the present invention is specifically concerned with a mixing apparatus of the type which employs an elongated mixing trough having mounted therein at least two parallel, rotatable, blade-carrying shafts which operate in various ways to effect intermixing of different materials in the trough while at the same time impelling the mixture or mixed mass longitudinally to a region of discharge from the trough.
- the principles of operation ascribed to such type of mixing apparatus vary widely, many of them relying mainly upon a high degree of turbulence within the mixing trough in order to effect an indiscriminate mixing action.
- Another type of present-day mixing apparatus relies upon a bucking action which takes place between the blades on the two shafts.
- Still another type of conventional or standard mixing apparatus employs on the shafts thereof helical vanes or blades which set up parallel streams of the mixed materials with internal eddy current flow that sends some of the mass of mixed materials from one stream to the other.
- a further mixing apparatus now in use utilizes alternate blades or paddles which impart different motion characteristics to the granular or other materials, the change of one type of motion to another being relied upon for producing the mixing action.
- the blades on the two parallel adjacent shafts intermesh when the shafts are rotated and this intermeshing of blades is relied upon for high mixing turbulence.
- the shafts are too far apart to permit blade intermeshing so that .[.whatever.]. .Iadd.any .Iaddend.coaction between the blades of adjacent shafts is dependent upon the lateral flinging of granules from one shaft region to the other shaft region.
- blade contour is not critical, the only requisite being that forward progression of the mass of materials along the trough with high turbulence be attained.
- the particular type of mixing which is involved in connection with present-day mixing apparatus of any of the types heretofore mentioned is almost as varied as the number of apparatuses in which these mixing methods are employed.
- the present invention is predicated upon a novel mixing principle wherein two cooperating rotatable, parallel companion shafts having rows of specially shaped fixed blades thereon operate within a mixing trough by a slicing or cutting and camming action to pass masses of the materials alternately back and forth from shaft to shaft, each blade upon receiving a mass serving to sever it into two parts and to pass one of such severed parts to an adjacent blade on the other shaft which, in turn, again severs the mass portion which it receives and feeds it back to the first shaft for further severing.
- the process is continuous with the discrete masses being sub-divided as many times as there are blades to sever them before discharge from the trough.
- Another object of the invention resides in the provision of a pair of novel blade-equipped shaft assemblies each of which is comprised of a series of blade units which are capable of being readily applied to and removed from the associated central shaft for purposes of either blade replacement after the blades have become worn or blade substitution when the character of the blades on the shaft is to be changed in order to attain a different mode of mixing the materials undergoing treatment.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a mixing apparatus which is generally of new and improved construction and is characterized by low cost of manufacture, a novel arrangement of parts, and high efficiency and speed of operation.
- FIG. 1 is a side elevational view, partly in section, of a mixing apparatus constructed according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of the apparatus
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section taken on the line 3--3 of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the mixing apparatus of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged vertical .Iadd.transverse .Iaddend.sectional view taken on the line 5--5 of FIG. 4, such view showing the removable mixing trough of the apparatus locked in position on the apparatus locked in position on the apparatus framework .Iadd., and also showing the blades after being rotated in the direction of the arrows 240° from the blade positions shown in FIG. 4.Iaddend.;
- FIG. 6 is .[.an exploded.]. .Iadd.a vertical transverse sectional .Iaddend.view .[.,.]. similar to FIG. 5 but illustrating the manner in which the mixer trough is released from the framework for apparatus cleaning purposes .Iadd.and showing the blades after being rotated in the direction of the arrows 180° from the blade positions shown in FIG. 4.Iaddend.;
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged vertical .Iadd.transverse .Iaddend.sectional view taken on the line 7--7 of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 8 is a side elevational view of one of the unitary blade units which are employed in connection with the invention.
- FIG. 9 is front view of the blade unit of FIG. 8;
- FIG. 10 is a diagrammatic view, entirely schematic in its representation, illustrating in a progressive manner the cooperating relationship which exists between two adjacent and coacting mixing blades as employed in connection with the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a diagrammatic view similar to FIG. 10 but illustrating in a progressive manner the nature of a non-functional or ineffective blade overlap which takes place for a short period of time during each mixing cycle;
- FIG. 12 is a diagrammatic view similar to FIG. 10 but showing the mixing blade relationship which obtains when a modified form of mixing blade unit is operatively installed within the mixer trough.
- a mixing apparatus embodying the principles of the present invention is designated in its entirety by the reference numeral 10 and is shown as being operatively installed in a suitable environment including a frame-like pedestal 12 which serves rotatably to support a turntable 14 having .[.turntable bearings.]. .Iadd.therebelow an annular ball bearing .Iaddend.15 (see FIG. 3).Iadd., .Iaddend.and on which the mixing apparatus 10 is effectively carried.
- the frame-like pedestal 12 serves to support a pair of motor-driven pumps P1 and P2 by means of which respective liquid materials as, for example, a catalyst and a binder, may be fed when and if necessary to the mixing apparatus 10 in a controlled manner for admixture with the granular or pulverulent materials undergoing mixing.
- respective liquid materials as, for example, a catalyst and a binder
- the mixing apparatus 10 involves in its general organization an elongated, upwardly opening, mixing trough 20 which is adapted to receive therein the materials to be mixed, together with the means for mixing the same.
- This trough and the mixing means that is associated therewith constitute the principal feature of the present invention and a full and comprehensive description thereof will be set forth subsequently, it being deemed sufficient for the present to state that the mixing means which is disposed within the trough embodies two spaced apart, parallel, cooperating, material mixing and impelling shaft assemblies 21 and 22 (see FIG.
- the trough is removably carried by a frame structure including a square base plate 23 which is centrally disposed on the turntable 14 and from which there projects radially outwardly of the turntable an elongated, horizontally positioned, base frame 24.
- a superstructure 28 which constitutes a support for a vertically extending feed tube 30.
- the latter communicates with a superjacent hopper 32 for the granular or other materials to be mixed and has the lower end thereof in communication with the rear end region of the mixing trough 20.
- the superstructure 28 also serves to support a conventional fluid-actuated gate arrangement 34 including a horizontal sliding cut-off gate 36 which cooperates with a manually operable sliding flow control damper plate 38.
- a pair of spaced apart, horizontally extending, rectangular, tubular.Iadd., .Iaddend.trough supports 40 to the outer or forward ends of which there is secured to a front closure plate 42 for the mixing trough 20.
- An inner or rear closure plate 44 for the trough is secured to the inner ends of the supports 40, the lower edge of such plate being supported on the base frame 24 as shown in FIG. 1.
- Angle pieces 46 are secured to the outer sides of the two trough supports 40 at spaced regions therealong and constitute reaction anchor members for a plurality of trough latching devices 48, the nature of which will be made clear subsequently.
- the mixing trough 20 may be formed of relatively heavy gauge sheet metal, and it is provided with two spaced apart and upstanding trough sides 50 and a divided two-channel trough bottom 52, the latter defining two shallow semi-cylindrical trough channels 52a and 52b which are separated by a longitudinally extending saddle 56 of relatively small height .Iadd.and have the shaft assemblies 21 and 22 disposed respectively therein.Iaddend..
- the upper margin of each trough side wall 50 has welded thereto a horizontally extending angle bar 58, the horizontal flange of which lies a short distance below the common plane of the trough rim.
- the spacing between the two trough supports 40 is such that the mixing trough may be removably applied to these supports by causing the latter to straddle the trough sides 50 in the manner shown in FIG. 5 with the horizontal flanges of the angle bars 58 bearing upwardly against the underneath sides of the supports.
- the aforementioned trough latching devices 48 are utilized. Such devices are in the form of conventional over-center toggle linkage mechanisms, each mechanism including a manually operable lever 60, one end of which is pivoted to a bracket 62 which depends from the horizontal part of one of the angle pieces 46.
- Said lever 60 pivotally carries at its medial region a toggle link 64, which, in turn, is pivotally connected to a trough-clamping arm 66, the latter having one end thereof pivoted to the bracket 62.
- the length of the toggle link 64 and the points at which it is pivotally connected to the lever 60 and the arm 66 are determined according to well-known toggle linkage principles so that when the lever 50 is swung outwardly to the retracted position in which it is shown in FIG. 6, the link 64 maintains the trough-clamping arm 66 free from the trough 20.
- the clamping arm 66 effectively engages the underneath side of the associated angle bar 58 and forces the same upwardly against the adjacent support 40, while at the same time the toggle link 64 moves slightly past its dead-center position to lock the latching device in its trough-clamping position.
- the free end of the clamping arm 66 is provided with an adjusting screw arrangement 67 by means of which the clamping pressure which is exerted on the angle bar 58 may be regulated.
- the various trough-latching devices constitute together one exemplary means whereby the mixing trough 20 may be releasably secured in position on the two supports 40 and it will be understood that other suitable means are contemplated. It is to be noted at this point that the length of the mixing trough 20 is such that when the trough is in its clamped position on the supports 40, the opposite ends of the same bear against the two closure plates 42 and 44 in sealing relationship.
- the forward end region of the trough bottom 52 is relieved .Iadd.or cut away .Iaddend.in order to provide a downwardly facing discharge opening 68 for the materials undergoing mixing in the trough 20.
- this assembly includes a central blade-supporting shaft 70 on which there is mounted a longitudinal series of blade units 72 (see FIGS. 5, 6, 8 and 9).
- Each blade unit is in the form of a central sleeve or hub 74 to which there is suitably affixed as by welding a mixing blade 76.
- the blade 76 is in the form of a flat .Iadd.imperforate .Iaddend.disk having an interrupted-elliptical contour as clearly shown in FIG.
- the blade being affixed to the hub 74 so that the plane thereof intersects the axis of the shaft at a relatively sharp angle which may be on the order of 45°. .Iadd.As shown in FIGS. 1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the drawings, the blades 76 and 176 are all semi-elliptical and longitudinal registry and are the same in size. Each blade has a major and a minor axis both of which intersect the longitudinal axis of the associated shaft, the minor axis extending at a right angle to the longitudinal axis of said shaft and the major axis being inclined relatively to said longitudinal axis.
- the various blade units 72 are telescopically received on the shaft 70 in end-to-end abutting relationship and in such a manner that all of the blades 76 extend in prallelism and are tilted with respect to the shaft 70 so that they present a left-hand pitch angle, which is to say that when the shaft 70 and the blade units 72 are rotated in a clockwise direction within the mixing trough 20, the action which the blades 76 of the units 72 exert upon the materials undergoing mixing will be a forward one, tending to move the mass of materials along the trough channel .[.52b.]. .Iadd.52a .Iaddend.toward the discharge opening 68.
- Suitable means are provided for securely anchoring the blade units 72 to the shaft 70 and, accordingly, the units may be either keyed to the shaft as indicated at 78 or secured to the shaft by set screws 80.
- the shaft assembly 22 is similar to the shaft assembly 21 and, therefore, in order to avoid needless repetition of description, similar reference numerals but of a higher order have been applied to the corresponding parts as between the disclosures of the two assemblies. It is to be noted, however, that whereas the flat mixing blades 76 are applied to their respective hubs 74 so as to present a left-hand pitch angle, the blades 176 of the blade units 172 on the shaft 170 are applied to the hubs 174 so that they present a right-hand pitch angle.
- the forward ends of the shafts 70 and 170 are rotatably journalled in bearings 79 on the front closure plate 42, while the rear ends of the shafts pass through openings in the rear closure plate 44 (see FIG. 1), project into a gearbox 81 on such closure plate, and are rotatably journalled in bearings 82 which are carried by said gearbox.
- a pair of mating gears 86 and 88 (see FIG. 7) on the shafts 70 and 170 constrain the two shafts to rotate in opposite directions under the power supplied by an electric motor M1 which is suitably mounted on the base frame 24 and is operatively connected in driving relationship to the shaft 70 by means of a coupling device 89.
- various means for supplying the materials to be mixed to the mixing trough 20 are contemplated, depending, of course, upon the nature of the materials which are to be mixed.
- the hopper 32 and its discharge tube 30 constitute one exemplary means for supplying sand which is to be conditioned for foundry use to the mixing trough 20 while the pumps P1 and P2 are provided for the purpose of effecting a flow of a suitable catalyst and a liquid binder to the trough.
- the pump P1 which is driven by an electric motor M2 has its input side connected to a suitable source of the catalyst and its output side connected through a flexible conduit 90 to a faucet-like discharge nozzle 92 which overhangs one of the supports 40 and discharges its material directly into the trough 20 at a region adjacent to the sand discharge tube 30.
- the pump P2 which is driven by an electric motor M3 is similarly connected through a flexible conduit 94 to a second discharge nozzle 96 which delivers the liquid binder to the trough.
- Manually operable control valves 98 and 100 are interposed respectively in the conduits 90 and 94 and constitute elements of a control panel 102 whereby the flow of these liquid materials to the nozzles 92 and 96 may be regulated and also whereby other apparatus functions such as control of the electric motors M1, M2 and M3 may be performed.
- the novelty of the present invention is predicated largely upon the design of the various mixing blades of the aforementioned blade units; the reverse slope of the two series of blades with respect to the longitudinal axes of the shafts on which the blade units are mounted; the fact that the shafts rotate in opposite directions in timed relationship; the "reach” or mean diameters of the blades coupled with the lateral distance or spacing between the blade-supporting shafts; and the relative positions which the blades on .[.each.]. .Iadd.one .Iaddend.shaft assume with respect to their counterpart blades on the other shaft, both longitudinally and angularly during each complete rotation of the two shafts 70 and 170.
- there is no interference by one blade with the movement of its counterpart blade as would be the case if their direction of rotation were the same or if at the commencement of each blade cycle .[.or.]. .Iadd.of .Iaddend.rotation the blades were not disposed so that they extend in the same direction as illustrated in the uppermost blade position of FIG. 10, or as would be the case if the counterpart blades were not of reverse pitch angle.
- the eight blade positions represent progressive blade movements of one pair of counterpart or adjacent blades 76 and 176 from an initial 0° position wherein both blades assume similar positions on the same side of their respective shafts, through a series of 45° increments of motion up to their 315° position where the next 45° increment of motion would restore them to their initial 0° position.
- the various blades 76 and 176 are truly planar and that their contour is semi-elliptical although they appear as semi-circles because they are being viewed at an approximately 45° angle.
- the tip of the blade 76 appears to be in contact with the tip of the blade 176 but actually is far in front of such tip. Similarly, in the 225° position of the two illustrated blades, the tip of the blade 76 is far behind the tip of the blade 176. For this reason, clearance between adjacent blades is always present and, furthermore, there is no overlapping of the blades in any of the illustrated blade positions of FIG. 10.
- the blades 76 and 176 are of reverse pitch angle and the shafts 70 and 170 rotate in opposite directions, the blades on each shaft function to propel the material forwardly along the two trough channels 52a and 52b.
- the blades 76 .Iadd.and 176 .Iaddend.exert a cutting or slicing action on the intermixed material and, in so doing, their effect is a camming one wherein progressively diminishing masses of the material are tossed from side to side and channel to channel where they are repeatedly sliced into smaller sized increments as they progress along the trough and until they are thoroughly and intimately intermixed.
- the damper plate 38 is adjusted to maintain a material level in the trough 52 which does not exceed the maximum height of the blades 76 and 176.
- this particular blade may be regarded as the first blade of a new series of blades which follow it so that it is in reality commencing the sub-division of an entirely new wad or mass which is comprised of innumerable previously sub-divided masses. In this manner, extremely intimate mixing of the material takes place by a geometrical progression of sub-divisions which is difficult to imagine.
- mixer blades which.Iadd., instead of being truly semi-elliptical, .Iaddend.possess areas of sand regression by reason of the fact that not all of the areas which ordinarily would produce backward sand movement are relieved.
- Such a mixer blade is illustrated in the diagrammatic disclosure of FIG. 12 wherein the blade relief area on the blades .[.270.]. .Iadd.276 .Iaddend.and the relief area on the opposed blades 376 are on the order of 90°.
- blades may conveniently be formed in the same manner as the blades 76 and 176 are welded to central hubs (not shown) in order to produce mixer blade units similar to the units 72 and 172 of FIG. 1 which are then mounted on the shafts 70 and 170 in place of the units 72 and 172.
- a portion of the mixer blade 276 which overlaps a portion of the mixer blade 376 represents a portion which exerts a backward thrust upon the sand. This portion opposes a portion of the blade 376 which exerts a forward thrust upon the same.
- the squeezing or scrubbing action which invariably is sought for in a commercial .[.said.]. .Iadd.sand .Iaddend.mulling apparatus.
- forward sand movement along the trough 52 is continuously maintained.
- the degree of the mix is a function of the length of the trough 52 and the configuration of the blades, while the rate of flow of the material undergoing mixing from the discharge outlet 68 is a function of the r.p.m. of the shaft assemblies 72 and 172 and the pitch angle of the blades.
- trough channels 52a and 52b are illustrated and described herein as being curved on a cylindrical bias, while the contour of the various mixer blades is stated to be semi-elliptical.Iadd., .Iaddend.it is within the purview of the invention to construct the blades so that they present a semi-circular contour, in which case the curvature of the trough channels will be shaped so as to be commensurate with the surfaces of revolution which are generated by the particular shape of the blades when the shafts on which they are mounted are rotated.
- elliptical is to be construed as being inclusive of a circle which, in a sense, is a special form of an ellipse or, in other words, it is an ellipse in which the major and minor axes are equal in length.
Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US05/753,808 USRE29387E (en) | 1971-08-26 | 1976-12-23 | Apparatus for the continuous mixing of granular materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US17504771A | 1971-08-26 | 1971-08-26 | |
US05/753,808 USRE29387E (en) | 1971-08-26 | 1976-12-23 | Apparatus for the continuous mixing of granular materials |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US17504771A Reissue | 1971-08-26 | 1971-08-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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USRE29387E true USRE29387E (en) | 1977-09-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US05/753,808 Expired - Lifetime USRE29387E (en) | 1971-08-26 | 1976-12-23 | Apparatus for the continuous mixing of granular materials |
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US (1) | USRE29387E (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5887973A (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1999-03-30 | Abb Flakt Ab | Device for mixing particulate material and liquid |
US6554465B2 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2003-04-29 | Robert Cruso | Concrete admixture packaging and batch feed system |
US8226022B2 (en) | 2010-07-28 | 2012-07-24 | Eirich Machines, Inc. | Mixer with a chopper |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1725279A (en) * | 1928-06-23 | 1929-08-20 | Anglo American Mill Company | Feed mixer |
US1848572A (en) * | 1932-03-08 | Vacuum mixing machine | ||
US3064908A (en) * | 1957-07-02 | 1962-11-20 | Color & Sjogren Ab | Apparatus for mixing and working material |
US3175812A (en) * | 1961-02-16 | 1965-03-30 | Russell James | Apparatus for simultaneously feeding and mixing components to make concrete |
US3248092A (en) * | 1962-10-24 | 1966-04-26 | Baker Perkins Holdings Ltd | Mixing machines |
US3346239A (en) * | 1966-01-04 | 1967-10-10 | Lowell A Larson | Combined material mixer and distributor |
US3348815A (en) * | 1966-12-27 | 1967-10-24 | Edick Percy | Clay mixer and extruder |
-
1976
- 1976-12-23 US US05/753,808 patent/USRE29387E/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1848572A (en) * | 1932-03-08 | Vacuum mixing machine | ||
US1725279A (en) * | 1928-06-23 | 1929-08-20 | Anglo American Mill Company | Feed mixer |
US3064908A (en) * | 1957-07-02 | 1962-11-20 | Color & Sjogren Ab | Apparatus for mixing and working material |
US3175812A (en) * | 1961-02-16 | 1965-03-30 | Russell James | Apparatus for simultaneously feeding and mixing components to make concrete |
US3248092A (en) * | 1962-10-24 | 1966-04-26 | Baker Perkins Holdings Ltd | Mixing machines |
US3346239A (en) * | 1966-01-04 | 1967-10-10 | Lowell A Larson | Combined material mixer and distributor |
US3348815A (en) * | 1966-12-27 | 1967-10-24 | Edick Percy | Clay mixer and extruder |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5887973A (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1999-03-30 | Abb Flakt Ab | Device for mixing particulate material and liquid |
US6554465B2 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2003-04-29 | Robert Cruso | Concrete admixture packaging and batch feed system |
US8226022B2 (en) | 2010-07-28 | 2012-07-24 | Eirich Machines, Inc. | Mixer with a chopper |
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