USRE26097E - Michaels membrane separation device - Google Patents

Michaels membrane separation device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
USRE26097E
USRE26097E US26097DE USRE26097E US RE26097 E USRE26097 E US RE26097E US 26097D E US26097D E US 26097DE US RE26097 E USRE26097 E US RE26097E
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
membrane
cell region
spiral
fluid
base strip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
Other languages
English (en)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WR Grace and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Publication date
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of USRE26097E publication Critical patent/USRE26097E/en
Assigned to W.R. GRACE & CO., A CORP OF CT. reassignment W.R. GRACE & CO., A CORP OF CT. MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE 9/23/85, CONNECTICUT Assignors: AMICON CORPORATION
Assigned to W.R. GRACE & CO., A CORP. OF CT reassignment W.R. GRACE & CO., A CORP. OF CT MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE SEPTEMBER 23, 1985. Assignors: AMICON CORPORTION, A MASS. CORP.
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/10—Spiral-wound membrane modules
    • B01D63/101—Spiral winding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion

Definitions

  • This invention relates to devices for carrying out dialysis and other membrane separations in which a fluid is brought into contact with one surface of a membrane so that a component of the fluid will pass through the membrane into another fluid.
  • the apparatus for such processes should provide a large membrane contact area per unit volume of space occupied, and as best results are attained through thin, structurally weak membrane materials, adequate support for the membrane against deformation or rupture by hydraulic pressure, or thermal or mechanical shock should be provided.
  • the fluid streams in contact with the membrane should be very thin, preferably of a thickness of the same order as the membrane itself, in order to minimize counter-diffusion caused by the concentration gradient which results from depletion of the film of fluid at the membrane-fluid interface.
  • the apparatus should also be constructed so that flow conditions may be varied and ideally the construction should be simple, inexpensive and reliable.
  • the membrane separation cell of this invention is formed of one or more elongated cell units wound as a spiral about a perforated hollow inner core.
  • the basic cell unit consists of an elongated base strip to the margins of which the edges of the separation membrane are attached; the space between the base strip and membrane defining one (the primary) cell region. This unit is wound upon itself with the turns spaced from each other so that the space between the turns defines the other (the secondary) cell region. Fluid flow through the primary cell region is provided for by connecting the inner end of the basic cell unit to the inner core so that it serves as a conduit leading to the inner end of the primary cell region.
  • the fluid In the secondary cell region the fluid is caused to flow in the direction parallel to the spiral axis, between the ends of the housing in which suitable conduits are provided.
  • the primary and secondary cells are separated by an application of a sealant composition to form appropriate gaskets in the region where the two areas would meet.
  • the present invention centers about the use of a thin backing member, one side of which is formed with a surface configuration which in conjunction with an overlying membrane forms a longitudinal flow path in the primary cell region through which one fluid may be passed, while the other surface is provided with a configuration which results in a transverse flow-path in the secondary cell region which lies between successive turns of the spiral.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary plan view of one side of the interleaving base member illustrating the surface formed with longitudinal channels;
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary view of the other side of the interleaving base member shown in FIG. 1, showing the surface formed with transverse channels;
  • FIG. 3 is a transverse section through the interleaving base member, taken at 3--3 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmentary longitudinal section of the interleaving base member, taken at 44 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a transverse section of the membrane-base member laminate showing the membrane assembled with the interleaving base member
  • FIG. 6 is an isometric view showing a partial turn of the membrane-base member laminate wound on a hollow perforated feed core, at the start of the winding operation in which the spiral cell is formed;
  • FIG. 7 is an isometric view of the completed cell wind- 8
  • FIG. 8 is an axial cross-section taken through an assembled cell in its casing
  • FIG. 9 is a radial section of the cell taken at 99 in FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a radial section showing the end of the spiral core taken at 10-10 in FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 11 is a fragmentary view showing the ends of overlapping adjacent turns in the cell winding with arrows representing the transverse flow of fluid.
  • the membrane separation cell of this invention is formed by winding a membrane 10 and an elongated base strip 12 to one side of which the edges of the membrane are secured.
  • the base strip 12 is a long strip of thin material having a surface configuration in a central band on the side facing the membrane which with the membrane defines a longitudinal flow path. As illustrated in FIGS. l5 this configuration may take the form of longi tudinal shallow grooves, or any other form which will support the membrane and at the same time permit a fluid to flow longitudinally between the base strip 12 and membrane 10.
  • the other side of the base strip 10 is provided with a surface configuration which, when in contact with the other side of the membrane, will define a transverse flowpath; as illustrated in FIGS. i-5 this may take the form of transverse grooves.
  • the base strip 12 is formed with marginal areas 18 on each side of the central band carrying the grooves 14 and 16, to which the edges of the membrane 10 are secured
  • the marginal portions 18 are of reduced thickness and are each provided with opposed creasing grooves 19, at which each margin is folded around the overlying edge of the membrane and adhesively bonded thereto, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the membrane 10 and the base strip 12 thus together define a longitudinal channel (primary cell region) through which one of the fluids in a membrane separation system may be passed.
  • the other fluid is caused to flow on the outside of the assembly, in the transverse channels between the transverse groove 16 and the membrane 10 lying in contact therewith when the assembly is wound into a spiral.
  • a portion of the successive turns defining the transverse flow-path (secondary cell region) is shown in FIG. 11.
  • the membrane 10 and base member 12 assembly are wrapped on a hollow core 20 having perforations 21 through which one fluid may be introduced into or removed from the primary cell region.
  • the membrane 10 is preferably located on the outside of the turns, and when wound will be of relatively longer length than the base member 12.
  • the difference in length may be accommodated by utilizing a slow curing viscous liquid adhesive, e.g. an epoxy resin, or isocyanate resin, between the edges of the membrane and the base member margins 18, so that relative slippage can occur, or by forming base member 12 of a relatively compressible material, or the membrane 10 of a relatively elastic material.
  • the membrane 10 and base member 12 may be fed separately into the roll and combined just prior to their being wound onto the roll, whereby different lengths of these materials may be supplied to the spiral.
  • a layer of adhesive is applied between the bottom or back of the base strip and the membrane 10 at the end of the first turn, as illustreated at 22 in FIG. 9, and also between these two members at the end of the last turn as illustrated at 23 in FIG. 9. In this manner the fluid flowing in the longitudinal path is prevented from entering at the ends of the wound assembly into the secondary cell region between the membrane and back side of the base strip.
  • the rolled assembly is arranged for the introduction of fluids to the flow-paths by placing it in a cylindrical housing 24, preferably after applying an outer layer of porous material 26, erg gauze, felt or screen, to serve as an outer support which will permit the flow of fluid in the area immediately surrounding the assembly.
  • the rolled assembly with the outer permeable wrapping 26 is contained within a cylindrical shell 24 which is provided with an outlet 28 through which fluid connection is made with the outer end of the primary cell region.
  • coatings 30 and 31 of a viscous, film forming, cement are applied about the edges of the first turn and last turn to provide a seal between the primary and secondary cell regions where they would otherwise be in communication, ss shown in FIGS. 8 and 10.
  • End caps 32 each having tightly fitting collars 33 surrounding the central core 20 fit over the ends of the shell 24, and are held in place by plates 34, which are held together by longitudinal bolts 35. Collared ports 36 in the end caps provide for the introduction of fluid to the ends of the rolled assembly.
  • O-rings 38 are provided between the side flanges 39 of each end cap and the ends of the shell 24, and similarly O-rings 40 lie between the central flanges 33 and the central tube 20.
  • one of the fluids is introduced into the central tube 20 and removed through the outlet 28 after having flowed in a radial spiral path the length of the longitudinal flow-path.
  • the other fluid is introduced into one of the collared openings 36 in one end cap from where it flows generally parallel to the spiral axis along the transverse flow-paths defined between the successive turns, and then out through the collared opening 36 in the opposite end cap.
  • the base strip 12 is preferably a thin flexible material, e.g., a plastic such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, cellulose acetate, or a metal such as aluminum, stainless steel, or copper, and may itself constitute a membrane material.
  • a plastic such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, cellulose acetate, or a metal such as aluminum, stainless steel, or copper
  • Its surface configurations defining the longitudinal and transverse flow-paths, should define a path which is thin relative to the membrane, e.g., between 0.5 and ten onethousandths of an inch, and the base member itself should also be as thin as possible in order to facilitate winding and to provide for as great as possible a utilization of the space for the membrane material.
  • the base strip 12 is that when it is wound up with the membrane successive turns of the base strip come in contact with opposite sides of the membrane, as shown in FIG. 11. This contact is assured by making the central band of the base strip 12 thicker than the margins so that the central portion, not the margins, determines the spacing of the turns, and so that the margins do not obstruct the flow of fluid to the secondary cell region.
  • the separation membrane may be any of numerous sheet materials useful in membrane separation systems such as cellulose acetate, cellophane, polyethylene or other synthetic or natural sheet materials.
  • a high contact area of membrane surface is provided.
  • the base strip is 0.05 inch thick, the membrane 0.001 inch thick and the grooves 0.010 inch deep, one hundred square inches of membrane per cubic inch of fluid content and about 20 square inches of area per cubic inch of total unit volume are provided.
  • a unit with a volumetric capacity of one quart would provide for a total membrane area of over forty square feet.
  • spiral arrangement of the system in a cylindrical housing permits operation at high pressures, since all fluids are confined within the housing and end caps, which can be made as strong as desired. If both fluids are under the same pressure, no pressure differential across the membrane is created.
  • Membrane separation systems embodying this invention are accordingly useful for many purposes, such as dialysis or ultrafiltration including service as a hemodialyzer (artiflcial kidney), the removal of salt from seawater, the removal of liquid components by pervaporation, and as a permeator for separating components of gaseous mixtures.
  • dialysis or ultrafiltration including service as a hemodialyzer (artiflcial kidney), the removal of salt from seawater, the removal of liquid components by pervaporation, and as a permeator for separating components of gaseous mixtures.
  • a membrane separation device comprising an elongated base strip having spacing means on both surfaces thereof and an overlying membrane having their longitudinal margins secured together and defining a primary cell region between them having a thickness between fivetenths and ten one-thousandths of an inch, said membrane and base strip being together wound into a spiral assembly to define a secondary cell region between the turns of the spiral, said secondary cell region having a thickness between five-tenths and ten one-thousandths of an inch, a conduit extending to the center of the spiral and communicating with the inner end of the primary cell region, a cylindrical housing surrounding the spiral and communicating with the outer end of the primary cell region, end caps at the opposite ends of the housing communicating with opposite sides of the secondary cell region, sealing means at the opposite sides of the spiral adjacent to the conduit and covering the edges of the innermost turn of the spiral, and sealing means at the opposite sides of the spiral adjacent to the housing and covering the edges of the outermost turn of the spiral, said sealing means separating the primary cell region from the secondary cell region.
  • a membrane separation device comprising a spirally wound assembly defining at least two fluid flow paths; said assembly including an elongated flexible base strip having on one surface a relief configuration defining a longitudinal fiow path and on the other surface a relief configuration defining a transverse flow path, and a separation membrane interwound with said base strip and joined thereto at the margins on said one surface thereby forming a primary cell region, having a thickness between five-tenths and ten one-thousandths of an inch, the turns of said assembly establishing a secondary cell region defined between said other surface of said base strip and the separation membrane of the adjacent turn; said secondary cell region having a thickness between five-tenths and ten onethousandths of an inch, conduit means communicating with the inner end of said primary cell region, a housing surrounding said assembly and communicating with the outer end of said primary cell region, and end caps on the ends of said housing communicating with opposite ends of said secondary cell region.
  • a membrane separation device comprising a spirally wound assembly defining at least two fluid flow paths, said assembly including an elongated flexible base strip having an inner band of relatively greater thickness extending longitudinally between opposed margins of relatively lesser thickness, one surface of said strip having a relief configuration defining a longitudinal flow path and the other surface having a relief configuration defining a transverse flow path, a separation membrane interwound with said strip and joined to the margins on said one surface thereby forming a primary cell region having a thickness between five-tenths and ten one-thousandths of an inch, the tums of said assembly establishing a secondary cell region defined between said other surface of said base strip and the separation membrane of the adjacent turn, said secondary cell region having a thickness between five-tenths and ten one-thousandths of an inch, conduit means communicating with the ends of said primary cell region, and conduit means communicating with the ends of said secondary cell region.
  • a membrane separation device comprising a spirally wound assembly defining at least two fluid flow paths, said assembly including an elongated flexible base strip having an inner band of relatively greater thickness extending longitudinally between opposed margins of relatively lesser thickness, one surface of said strip having a relief configuration defining a longitudinal flow path and the other surface having a relief configuration defining a transverse flow path, a separation membrane interwound with said strip and joined to the margins on said one surface thereby forming a primary cell region having a thickness between fivetenths and ten one-thousandths of an inch, the
  • turns of said assembly establishing a secondary cell region defined between said other surface of said base strip and the separation membrane of the adjacent turn, said sec- 5 ondary cell region having a thickness between five-tenths and ten one-thousandths of an inch, conduit means communicating with the ends of said primary cell region, a housing surrounding said assembly and communicating with the outer end of said primary cell region, and end caps on the ends of said housing communicating with opposite ends of said secondary cell region.
  • a membrane separation device comprising a spirally wound assembly defining at least two fluid flow paths, said assembly including an elongated flexible base strip having an inner band of relatively greater thickness extending longitudinally between opposed margins of relatively lesser thickness, one surface of said strip having a relief configuration defining a longitudinal flow path and the other surface having a relief configuration defining a transverse flow path, a separation membrane interwound with said strip and joined to the margins on said one surface thereby forming a primary cell region having a thickness between five-tenths and ten one-thousandths of an inch, the turns of said assembly establishing a secondary cell region defined between said other surface of said base strip and the separation membrane of the adjacent turn, said secondary cell region having a thickness between five-tenths and ten one-thousandth of an inch, a conduit extending to the center of the spiral and communicating with the inner end of the primary cell region, a cylindrical housing surrounding the spiral and communicating with the outer end of the primary cell region, end caps at the opposite ends of the housing communicating with opposite sides
  • a membrane separation device comprising a spirally wound assembly including an elongated base strip having on both surfaces thereof a plumlily of grooves, the grooves on one surface extending longitudinally and on the other surface extending transversely, and a membrane interwound with said base strip overlying said one surface and sealed thereto along their longitudinal margins thereby forming a primary cell region at said one surface and a secondary cell region a! said other surface, at least one conduit communicating with at least one end of one of said cell regions, and conduits communicating with both ends of the other of said cell regions.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
US26097D 1965-03-03 Michaels membrane separation device Expired USRE26097E (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU55870/65A AU408094B2 (en) 1965-03-03 1965-03-03 Spiral cell membrane separation device
NL6503208A NL6503208A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1965-03-03 1965-03-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
USRE26097E true USRE26097E (en) 1966-10-11

Family

ID=25630986

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US26097D Expired USRE26097E (en) 1965-03-03 Michaels membrane separation device

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) USRE26097E (enrdf_load_html_response)
AU (1) AU408094B2 (enrdf_load_html_response)
BE (1) BE661643A (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1091432A (enrdf_load_html_response)
NL (1) NL6503208A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3390773A (en) * 1965-04-13 1968-07-02 Gulf General Atomic Inc Water purification system
US5258122A (en) * 1992-04-16 1993-11-02 Amicon, Inc. Cross-flow filter device with pressure-balancing feature
US5562827A (en) * 1993-08-24 1996-10-08 Sartorius Ag Heat-sterilizable spiral-wound membrane filter cartridge
US6086769A (en) 1996-09-16 2000-07-11 Commodore Separation Technologies, Inc. Supported liquid membrane separation

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3005408A1 (de) * 1979-02-15 1980-08-21 Daicel Chem Semipermeables membranelement
US5096591A (en) * 1990-05-04 1992-03-17 Benn James A Spirally, wound filter cartridge, apparatus system and method of manufacture and use

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3390773A (en) * 1965-04-13 1968-07-02 Gulf General Atomic Inc Water purification system
US5258122A (en) * 1992-04-16 1993-11-02 Amicon, Inc. Cross-flow filter device with pressure-balancing feature
US5562827A (en) * 1993-08-24 1996-10-08 Sartorius Ag Heat-sterilizable spiral-wound membrane filter cartridge
US6086769A (en) 1996-09-16 2000-07-11 Commodore Separation Technologies, Inc. Supported liquid membrane separation
US6096217A (en) 1996-09-16 2000-08-01 Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corporation Supported liquid membrane separation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5587065A (en) 1970-11-13
GB1091432A (en) 1967-11-15
BE661643A (enrdf_load_html_response)
AU408094B2 (en) 1970-11-23
NL6503208A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1966-09-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4476022A (en) Spirally wrapped reverse osmosis membrane cell
US3401798A (en) Cylindrically stacked and spirally configured semi-permeable membrane laminate apparatus
US4083780A (en) Fluid purification system
US2686154A (en) Dialysis apparatus
EP0554567B1 (en) Spiral-wound hollow fiber membrane fabric cartridges and modules having flow-directing baffles
US4613436A (en) Membrane assembly for fluid separations-disk
US4789480A (en) Membrane module and the use thereof for the separation of liquids according to the pervaporation process
KR101651305B1 (ko) 나선형으로 권취된 멤브레인 분리기 조립체
US5096584A (en) Spiral-wound membrane separation device with feed and permeate/sweep fluid flow control
US4842736A (en) Spiral wound membrane
US5460720A (en) Pleated membrane crossflow fluid separation device
US5458774A (en) Corrugated spiral membrane module
US4792401A (en) Spiral wound membrane module and method of manufacture and use
US3173867A (en) Membrane separation device
CA1056314A (en) Accordion fold flat plate dialyzer
GB1113630A (en) Improved method and apparatus for use in the reverse osmotic separation of liquid solvents from liquid feed solutions
US3494465A (en) Selectively permeable membrane separation apparatus
US3827564A (en) Reverse osmosis membrane module
US11198098B2 (en) Spiral wound module assembly including integrated pressure monitoring
US4761229A (en) Multi-leaf membrane module
EP3894055B1 (en) Spiral wound filtration device and methods of manufacture
EP0356177A1 (en) Spiral module fluid treatment device
USRE26097E (en) Michaels membrane separation device
US4997564A (en) Hollow fiber ultrafiltration replacement cartridge
GB2063705A (en) Spiral wrap reverse osmosis membrane element

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: W.R. GRACE & CO., A CORP OF CT.

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:AMICON CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004655/0480

Effective date: 19850911

AS Assignment

Owner name: W.R. GRACE & CO., A CORP. OF CT

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:AMICON CORPORTION, A MASS. CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004704/0627