USRE2499E - photx-lltho - Google Patents

Description

@uiten `grains gutem @.ffitzp.

WILLIAM N. vWl-ll'lELEY, JEROME FASSLEE, AND OLIVER- S. KELLY, 0F SPRINGFIELD, OHIO.- y

Letters Patent No. 40,987, (lated December 15, 1863; lreissue No. 2,499, dated Febrzmry 26, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT 1N einen-MILLS.'

-TO ALL WHOM I'l MAY GONCERN:

' .Be it knowntthat we, WILLIAM N. Wnirennr, Jnnonn Fnssnnn, and O. S. KELLY, of Springfield, in the county of- Clar'k, and State of Ohio, have invented s new and useful Improvement in Mills lor Grinding Fruit, VegetablespGrain, 85o., and pressing the `juice therefrom; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and

exact ldescription of the same, reference being hud to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a perspective view of our combined mill and press. i'

Figure 2 is a top plan viewof the same. l

Figures and 4 represent different forms of grinding rollers.

Figure 5 shows two forms of the crushing roller.

Figure 6 is a vertical longitudinal section of the mill.

Figure 7 is an elevation of the upper portion of 'the front of the press4 Our invention relates tothat class of grinding and pressing machines which are termed portablo" and combined,"' because they are made in such `form and proportions as to render them easy of transportation without separation of parts, and because the grinding mechanism is connected to the pressing mechanisms@ thatthe two areunited in one machine. The elements of our invention, as secured by this patent, are, rst, the relative positions of the grinding rollers andcrushingroller and segments, which form parts of thegri-nding box, whereby the' crushing roller crushes the fruit against a rough-faced metal plate and then delivers it between the grinding rollers, whie are placed beneath the crushing roller, and between which it is passed; second, in arranging the crushing roller` in relation to the breast-plate, against which the fruit is crushed, so that the intervening space shall' be wide at top and narrow at bottom to admit the fruit with ease; third, in making one of the segments which 'form the ends of the box in such form as will enable it to act as a stationary scraper to remove the fruit from the crushing roller; fourth, in placing the gearing entirely outside of the frame and journal boxes; fifth, in making the grinding rollers with ribs, which cross each other at an angle, and revolving these rollers at diii'erent velocities; sixth, in making and connecting the grinding box-so that it may readily be removed v from the grinding frame' for the purpose of cleansing or repairing the same.

That others may understandl thel construction and opera-tion of our machine, we will more particularly' describe it.A v

A A are the posts at the front of the machine. They are connected by the press-beam B above and by the girder C' below, the whole constituting the press frame At the rear end of the machine is the single post E, connected to the press frameby the platform E below und by the rails D D above. lhese latter, with the crossbars F F, form the frame of the grinding machine, and are termed the grinding frame. rlhe journals of the two grinding rollers, H H', are mounted in the boxes G G, which are secured upon the rails D D at suitable points.

` The surfaces of the grinding rollers H II are iluted or ribbed, and these ribs may be in various forms, as shown;

that is, the ribs on one roller may be straight and parallel with the axis, while those upon the other are spira-l half thelength of the roller in one direction, and during the remaining half in the opposite direction, as shown in fig. 3; or the ribsl upon the two rollers may be spiral throughout the length of the rollers, and when the rollers are in position the ribs vmay cross each other in opposite directions, as shown in iig. et, or the methods of luting mentioned may be combined in any other manner upon the two rollers. The crushing roller M is also provided with ribs on its surface, but'tliey are much larger and are less numerous than the ribs upon the surface of the grinding rollers H H. They may be parallel with the axis or spiral, as shown in iig. 5. 'lhc crushing roller M has itsjounal bearings in suitable boxes secured to the side boards L, which form portions of the grinding box, and its velocity of revolution is about one-third that of the grinding rollers. Its oili'ce is to roughly crush the fruit` against a breast-plate near to which it runs, and then to feed the crushed fruit to the grinding rollers,

by which` it is reduced to tine pulp and dropped into the cheese-hoop P, which stands beneath upon the platform E. The side boards L L of the crushing and grinding box are connected by and secured to the metallic segments K K, which forni? thc ends of said box. llhe segments K K' stand,` upon the cross-bars F F, and are securedtherelto by small edges or projections; which tit `just within4 tho inner edges cf said cross-bars, and by tv'vo bolts which pass through the cross-bars F and through feet or flanges projecting from the lower edges of vthe segmcntsso as to' rest upon the-upper surfaces of sai'rlcross-bars. 6. From the cross-bars F the segments rise an'd curve inwardly toward N, is roughened so that as thefruit falls from the l These features are clearly shown in fig'. each other, the curvature being such as will conform to theV surfaces 'of the rollers H- Il, leaving` suilicient space between ,them to avoid dangerfof -clogging. When they have slightly -passedlines perpendicular to the axes of the grinding rollers they cease to approach and turn sharply backward, 'curving upward again so to forma concave chamber, in the-lower part to the upper edges of the,

of'which is placed the crushing roller M. v.vl'hehopper Q rests upon and is united segments K Kby screws," as shownV in fig. 7. p The side boards Lare secured tofthc segments by screws, which pass through flanges turned along their edges, as clearly seenin fig. 6. The crushing roller M is located directly above the space between the two grinding rollers, and the edge Y of the segment K approaches very near to it, so that said edge acts as a-stationary-scraper to remove such of I crushing ribs and compel it to fall upon the grinding rollers. This is of much importance, as without being removed so much Awould finally cling to these ribs as to seriously impair their operation. The uppor portion of the segment K is. curved so as toiapproach quite nearly to the'rollcrM at the point where it turns backward, and fronLthence'to its upper edge' the distance from the crushing roller rapidly increases. Its inner surface, at hopper into the space between and thc roller M it will be certainly caught by the ribs upon said roller and crushed against this rough surface. Yy removing the bolts which the lower portion' of the grinding Y crushing-roller, so that this roller vare constructed in the hooking form shown in figs. 5 rollers it is caughtpbythe ribs vthereon and carried between them.

secure the segments K K tothe cross-bars F, thc hopper, grinding box, and crushing roller may be lifted olf the grinding fra-me, so thatthe grinding rollers are left entirely exposed for-cleaningor repair and the interior of box is equally accessible for the same purposes.

The shafts of the kseveral rollers above mentioned extend beyond their journal boxes, and the connecting gearing is placed entirely outside of said boxes and the-grinding frame. The gearing mentioned above is so proportioned that the three rollers have imparted to them'ithree different velocities, as follows: Upon one end of the shaft I of 'the roller His the crank I2 and the driving-gear Il. The crank is to be used when the machine is to be driven by hand. Upon the otherend of the shaft I is a much smaller gear-wheel or pinion. The drivinggear .ll drives the roller Hl by the pinion J, so that H moves much faster than H, whichonly has the motion of the crank Ii'. The shaft of the roller H carries at its end opposite to its driving-pinion the balancefwheel J1. The small gear upon' the end of the shaft I matches with the teeth of a larger wheel upon theshaft of the moves withless velocity than either of the others. Theface of the ily-wheel Jl is made broad and flat, 4'so that a belt may be uscdthereonby which the mill may be driven by power, if required. By this 'arrangement the gearing-and balance-wheel are removed from the frame and Y the'space above the platform and sc .that when one chccse-hoop is filled it may be removed along the platform from beneath the grinding rollersl to its proper position within the pressing frame. Beneath the rollers H and H are the scrapers J2'J2 to remove the pomace which might otherwise cling to the ribs ofthose rollers. These Scrapers are rigidly attached to the rails D D. .The cheese-hoop P is made withstout staves set alittle distance from each other and secured to the innerv sides of\two stout bands, R R.- The edges of these stavesare so b'evellcd as to leave the spaces between them a, little wider at the outer than at the inner side. The platform E', which extends from the rear post E to the front of the mill, is provided with Va raised edge, and in front with achannel and spout, V, to convey into a proper receptacle the juice cxpressed'from thepomace. These-row S passes down through the beam B, which is provided with'aproper female screw for its reception. At its lower end is a metil collar, which is secured by a key or screw entering a channel cut in the end o f the screw-rod, so that said Vrod but need not be detached therefrom. At the topof the screw is the hand-wheelT, with the pins T projecting from its upper side. These pins may be seized b-y the hands in turning the screw, butthey are particularly designed to accommodate the lever '.lz when the screw is to be forced down with power. The fruit to be ground is placed in the/hopper Q. As motion is communicated to the rollers H H. andY M, the latter crushes against the serrated breast `N all such ofthe fruit as has vfallenl'into the space between said rollers and breast, carrying the same down and dropping it between or upon the grinding rollers H H', The scraping edge Y prevents the passage up vinto the hopper again of any considerable p'ortionof this crushed fruit.l AWhen one rib of the crnshing roller has seized and carried down a portion of the fruit'v the pressure of that which remains in the hopper forces another portion into the space between VM andN, and this in turn is seized by the next succeeding rib of the erusher, and so on until all is consumed.` The rough face of N, in conjunction with the ribs of the crushing roller M, at' once seizes and holds large-and hard fruit which wouldA otherwise sometimes spring out and render the grinding mechanism in eil'cet inoperative.Y This result can never follow if'the ribs of the -crusher and 6. As the crushed A'fruit falls upon the grinding but bythe greater rapidity of the motion of one than-the other it is torn andgrouud to bits without being so thoroughly deprived of its juice as would be the case did the two rollers move at vequal velocities. Fronrthe grinding rollers the pomace falls into the cheese-hoop, which standsA upon thc platform E directly beneath, when one hoop is lled in this way it is removed by sliding it along the platform and placed beneath the screws,

. and another hoop may then be placed beneath the rollers. In this way theoperations of grinding and pressing may go on simultaneously.

Having described our invention; what wc claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isl1.l A mill for grinding fruit, when constructed with two grinding rollers II H placed beneath afcrushing and feeding'roller M, which crushesV the fruit against a serrated breast-plate and then feeds the saznctolthp grinding rollers, by which it is reduced to pulp, substantially as described. l

2. The'rollers H II", M, in combination with .the mota-l segments K K', constructed as described, andorre of themvv provided with-thc scraping edge'Y, substantially and-for the purpose set forth'.

the fruit asl may cling to the points of the i to one side, so as to leave f between the grindingand pressing mechanism entirely clear and unobstructed,`

may turn freely in the colla'1` Here it is not simply crushed or squeezedf and 3. We claim the spiral ribbed grinding rollers running together at different velocities, with the ribs of onev roller crossing the ribs of the other :it an angle where the grinding is effected, in eornbination with the crushing and feeding roller arranged above them. v

4. We claim the hopper Q, serrated breast-piece o: ribbed segment N; segments K K', and sides L L, with the roller M, forming the crushing box, constructed so as to be readily removed from the grinding rollers and grinding frame, as described, for cleaning or repairing the mill.

5. We claim the combination of'the crushing roller LLlJrenst-plate N, stationary scraper Y, grinding rollers E WM. H.' WHITELEY, JEROME EASSLER, o. s. KELLY.

Il', and scraper-s J2 J1, when constructed and arranged for joint operation, substantially as shown and described.

Witnesses:

GEO. W. BENNS, T. J. PEINGLE.

Images