USRE22936E - Dishwashing machine - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 18, 1947. R. w. 'VYILSON Re. 22,936

DISHWASHiNEi MACHINE 2 Sheeis-Shet 1' Original Filed ll ay 31, 1940 Q Ema/amp I14 M450, INVENTOR I ATTORNEY R w WILiS CN DISHWASHING MACHINE Nov. 18, 1947.

Original Filed May :51, 1940 2 sheets-Shea 2 f I a II Reissuecl Nov. 18, 1947 UNITED STATES PATEN T OFFICE DISHWASHING MACHINE Raymond W. Wilson,

Glendale, cells; William J.

Schworer administrator of said Raymond W.

Wilson, deceased Original Not/2,315,572, dated No. 338,136, May :1, 1940.

issue December 9, 1944,

. 1 This invention relates to improvements in dishwashing machines.

It is among some of the more important objects of the invention to provide a dishwashing machine wherein the means for discharging the fluid that washes the dishes is directed against them in such a manner as simultaneously to wash them and to rotate the basket in which the dishes are contained, regulative means being provided whereby a uniform rotation of the basket is assured regardless of the fluctuation in water pressure which exists in difl'erentlocalities.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved conservation of space arrangement of superior self-priming power jets in the floor of a shallow tub, discharging upwardly in the tub and having a common manifold outside of the tub connected to an exterior source of supply.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved combination hydraulic and mechanical'iift for vertically reciprocating the dishcontaining basket during its rotation in a horizontal plane and to, at the completion of the washing operation, elevate the basket to a convenient point of accessibility for emptying and replenishing.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved fluid valve controlled hydraulic mechanism in combination with spring opposed mechanism wherein a clean fluid is injected into both ends of the hydraulic cylinder.

Another object of the invention improved combination peculiarly arranged is to provide an of simply constructed parts and cooperating in such a manner to make less expensive, contribute to higher efliciency, and insure greater sanitation in devices to which this invention appertains.

One important object of the invention is to provide for maintaining a more sanitary condition of a hydraulically operated plunger by using a portion of the operating fluid to scavenge one of the hydraulic chambers in case of the entrance of any foreign mater into such chamber.

A still further object is to provide an improved combination of hydraulic and resilient operating means for moving the dish containing receptacle whereby properly timed, relatively slow movements of the receptacle in one direction are alternated with the desired quick return movements of said receptacle.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention resides in the novel arrangement and combination of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed reduced to practice,

April 0, 1943, Serial Application for re- Serial No. 567,346

21 Claims. (Cl. 134-138) Y may be made within the scope of that which is Referring to the drawings, wherein is shown apreferred embodiment of the invention as now approved and being sold to the trade, I

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the device installed within a tub adjacent to a sink, said device being shown applied to a drain board portion together with the usual plumbing fixtures. In this view the dish containing basket is eliminated to disclose more clearly the peculiar arrangement ofjet pumps in the floor portion of-the tub;

Fig. 2 is a section taken on. line 2-2 of Fig. 1 with this diflerence, however, the dish basket has been" added, the latter being shown in full lines in its depressed position, and in dotted lines in its elevated position in readiness for fllling. or emptying;'

Fig. 3 is a vertical mid-section of the hydraulic lift broken away from the adjoining structure;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken on line H of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a vertical mid-section of the vacuum breaker including fragments of adjoining structures;

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken on line 66 of Fig; 5;

Fig. 7 is a vertical mid-section of one of the jet pumps including fragments of adjoining structures;

Fig. 8 is a perspective nomles; and

Fig. 9 is a. transverse section taken through the three way valve shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Speaking flrst of generalities relating to'the invention, the numerals Q and II) indicate respectively the splash wall and drainboard, to which drain board is attached the sink II and juxtaposed wash tub II. Said tub in Fig. -1 is shown provided with a fragment of a chrome and glass lid I2c. I3 is the combination hot and cold water spigot fixture connected by pipes l4 and ii to hot and cold water suppl sources'respectively through the medium of the shut of! valves l8 and i1.

A drain pipe is is shown connected to the sink ii to which is screwed a T iii. Pipe 20 connects ,said T to a trap 2i; and pipe 22, L 23 and pipe 24 connect the T with the sump portion of the tub II. It will thus be seen that the T is-providesa common outlet to the trap for both. the sink and tub. The invention now will be specifically set forth. Pipe 25 is connected at one end to the hot water view of one'of the jet ciently restricted to make aaaso line l4 between the valve ll and spigot IS. The

other end ofsaid pipeisconnectedto aglobe valve floperablebymeansofthevalvecontrol 21 locatedonthe topoftbe-tub.

Pipe flinturnconnectstheglobevalve Ilto l draulic an n which extends through the tub I:

the vacuum breaker-or anti-splash, anti-syphon plurality of unions II, said unions beingin turn.

connected in a leak pro'otmanner to the bottomoithetubasshowninl 'igfll. Eachof saidunionshasathreadedopeningflintowhich is screwed a jet 34. Onto eachsaid jetis screwed a noasle I! ofthe character shown in Figs.'land8.

InFigJitwillbenotedtheseveralnozzleslI are circumferentially spaced throughout thebottomofthetubat diflerentradialdistancesfrom the center thereof. and the-manifold pipe ll provides for this irregular spacing. The object of this peculiar-spacing'is to provide adequate means for automatically rotating the dish containing receptacle and for directing the streams of water at different angles to thoroughly cleanse the dishes. "li'h'e particular directions of the issuing streams may'alsobe'variedtoobtaina uniform rotation in localities where water pressures vary.

Each-power jet is shown ally disposed duct II, a portion of which is tapered andterminates in a restricted opening 31 in its tapered end. The threaded portion of the jet, which mates with the threads 33, provides for an angular adjustment whereby the heart shaped orifices 38 of the nozzles may be positioned in different planes to direct the spray of water issuing from them'to not only rotate the basket I! and cleanse the dishes, but also to direct a spray in a direction to retard the speed of rotation when this is deemed necessary in order to obtain the proper efllciency.

Each nozzle structure comprises two tubular members ll and 4| joined by a flaring wall 42. Tubular member 40 has a chamber 4la surrounding the tapered nozzle portion of the jet, said member having the lower portion of its chamber threaded and screwed onto said jet.

In said lower portion is formed a plurality of tapered holes 43 that extend upwardly and inwardly from the outer face of said member 40 into the lower portion of said chamber 4la.

The tubular member 4| has its axis coinciding with that of the axis of said restricted opening anda portion of its wall adjacent to its open end i's's'litg said wall portion being deflected toward theslit and expanded at each side thereof to form the heart shaped opening 38 at one side of the member through which the spray from the jet egresses. By this means said opening is sumthe pumpin power of the jet self-priming.

A description will now be given of the hydraulically elevatable and mechanically retractable apparatus for supporting the dishes whereby they are rotated and washed by the cycle of mechanism just described and in addition to these operations vertically reciprocated during the cleansing thereof and flnally elevated to a point wherefrom they can be conveniently removed.

Turn-table It supports the wire basket I!v in which the dishes are placed. Said table is rotatably mounted on the up e P rtion of the hyprovided with an a ficonnects the vacuum breaker 3| located justbeneath theI in such a manner that all the framework of the table clears the ponies 36 as shown in Fig. 2. Referring now to Fig. 3, it will be seen that the lift II is supported principally by the tub I! through the medium of the'tubular connection ll. Said lift comprises a tubular cylinder 54, the

upper end of which is screwed onto the lower portion of the connection I! which extends through and well below the bottom surface of the tub.

. The lower end of the cylinder is closed by means of a' cap I. there being a space 56 provided between the closed end of said cap and the end of thecylinder.

The connection I3 is provided with an annular flange II which overlies the adjacent surrounding portion of the tub It, said flange assuming practically all the weight of the lift together with that of the turn-table and the dishes supported thereby.

In order to make a'leak proof joint between the flange 5! and floor portion of the tub, I provide a gasket I8 which is securely held in place by the annularly flanged lock nut 59.

concentrically mounted within the cylinder 54 is a second tubular cylinder comprising the plunger 52. On the lower end of the plunger 52 is fastened a dual packing gland 60 whereby the annular space Bl between the cylinders 52 and 54 at that point is closed.

At the upper end of the plunger, subjacent its protruding portion, I provide a second packing gland tip. This gland is formed in the connection 53 and provides a sealfor preventing the water-in the tub from entering the space Bl.

Into the upper end of the plunger is screwed a plug 62, saidplug being provided with a hole 63 axially tapped into its lower end and having the mouth of the hole conically tapered. Into the hole 83 is screwed a screw 64 having fastened to its head one. end of a spirally coiled spring 65. The other endof the spring is fastened to an anchor pin 65 which underlies the lower end of the cylinder 54.

The part of the plunger which extends above the connection 53 has its exterior diameter slightly reduced to form a ledge 61 on which rests a thrust collar 68. A ball race 69 is in turn mounted upon the thrust collar, said race rotatably supporting the thimble 10' which encloses the upper end of the plunger, to which thimble is fastened the turn-table frame-work 50.

As. a means for hydraulically actuating the plunger 52, I provide a pipe 15 which-I screw into the cap 55 so as to discharge in the space I6. This pipe I! I connect to a three-way valve 18 mounted at the drain board level in one corner of the tub portion as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Leading from the valve IE to the main cold water supply line I! is a pipe 11. When the three-way valve is manually operated so as to place the restricted port I! of the valve in communication with the pipe II as shown in Fig. 9, water in the pipe 11 flows through the valve 16, and in turn through pipe 15, exerting a pressure against the plunger 52 thereby elevating it against the opposition of the spring 65. I The upward movement of the plunger is desirably made very slow in order that the spray directed against the dishes from a result of the spray iminto the space ll and This upward movement is permitted during washing operation until the dishes approach the Ila es cover llc, or to unloading position when the dishes are washed, whereupon the valve thevalve ll into pipell, thence through T ll andpipe ll,andinturnthrughpipell, Lll, pipe 22, T ll, pipe ll, trap ll into the sewer.

Pipell,asetated,isconnectedtotheTll. T ll in turd is screwed into the annular unthreaded surface Ila of the connection ll, see Fig. 4. This is done for the reason that if any foul water should ever seep past the gland llp into the space ll, such water would be eventually discharged through the T into the pipe ll as a result or the flow of the fresh water through pipe II on the down stroke of the. plunger.

It will be obvious, however, that after the flrst operations! the plunger, the water forced out of the hydraulic'lift, as a result of the energy stored up in the spring, will pass into pipe ll, through valve ll and pipe ll and will flow partly partly into the pipe l2 because of the T connection ll. v

However, each time the plunger is elevated, any water in the space ll will be forced therefrom through the T II and into pipe 82 on account of the packing gland ll. This constant repurging of the space ll "by the clean water will always keep the interior of the lift sanitary and free from any foul odor.

Since at each downward, movement or the plunger a portion of the water passes through the T ll into the space 8|, the water which flows into such space, is forced out through the T into pipe 82 on the upstroke of the plunger. The water occupying said space also acts as a retardant also, as has already been mentioned, to slow the upward movement of the plunger in addition to the opposition afl'orded by the pring ll.

The three retarding means, comprising the restricted opening I8, the spring 85 and the fluid occupying the space 6|, produce a much slower upward movement of the plunger when compared with the downward movement wherein there is no spring opposition, or restricted outlet through which the water by-passes. It will therefore be noted that the slow upward movement and quick return movement coupled with simultaneous rotative movement of the dish supporting frame while operating in its working -ranges provide new and useful means for more efl'ectlvely washing dishes.

The vacuum breaker 29 prevents the water or sewage backed up into the tub from being entrained into the supply line it and thereby contaminating the water. This valve is shown on an increased scale in Figs. and 6. Describing next the anti-syphon and antisplash valve and conduit structure shown in Fig. 5, which is supported by the tub shelf II, a frag. ment of which is shown in this view, the hot water supply pipe 28 communicates with the lower section ll of the anti-syphon valve assembly 29 by means of the supply passage 84. Said passage 84 has a diametrically enlarged upper portion 85, thereby aflording at their said section, there parallel'to it at-the opposite side of the water delivery passage ll into the otwhichleadsthepipellthst conducts thehot water totheiet pumps.

The passages l4 and ll underlie a chamber openingslntheiets.

seat member I! being provided superjacent to saidball valve ll, Said member II rests upon the upper end of the tubular connection lla and is kept in place thereon by means of an upper sleeve ll having a peripherally flanged which, when the thimble like member II is screwed on is kept in place by its internal lugs ll. The plug I ll is shown seated in the sump portion of the tub l2. Means Illa is provided for vertically adjusting said plug exteriorly of the tub while the lid I 2c is in place, simply byoperating the push buttons ill and In in the well known manner. a

The plug Ill having been seated, the valve 21 is thereupon operated to ill] the tub to the top of the overflow plug as shown in Fig. 2,.after which the detergent is added to the water; it being understood the dishes have been placed within the basket ll and the latter is in the full line position shown in Fig. 2 with the lid [2c in place. Valve 21 is next completely opened to permit the full force of the water to flow through the Jets, the screen ll preventing any sand or grit lug ing up their minute orifices. Due to the self priming feature of the jet pumps, the treated water is entrained by them and is directed against the basket and dishes, the water delivered from said pumps rotating frame ll together with the receptacle carried thereby.

The attendant next operates the three way valve ll to start an upward movement of the plunger 52 through the working range of the basket. When suflicient time has elapsed for the basket to be moved vertically upward as previously described, the three way valve is again operated, permitting a quick return of the basket to the bottom of the tank as a result of the energy stored up in the coiled spring ll. Valve 16 can be operated at will to provide for the necessary vertical reciprocation of the basket in combination with its horizontal rotation to perfeet a complete cleansing of the dishes.

Three minutes is the usual time allotted for formerly occupied by the treated water.

lower end It will therefore be obvious that no rinse tub is necessary; that the rinsing operation follows .the cleansing operation without any further detail.

Lastly the valve 21 is closed. the lid removed and the valve 16 operated to extend the rack to the dotted position shown in Fig. 2.

Should the water in supply line ll be drained at some outside connection while water is in the tub and the valve 21 is open, the vacuum breaker 29 would guard against any foul water being syphoned from the tub into the main line and contaminating it.

That which is claimed is:

1. In a dishwashing machine, a tub, a cylinder secured to and suspended from the bottom of said tub, a tubular plunger arranged for reciprocating movement in said cylinder, a receptacle supporting frame Within said tub carried by the upper end of said plunger means for supplying fluid under pressure to said cylinder to raise said plunger, yieldable means fastened within said plunger and acting in opposition to said fluid under pressure, conduit means by-passing a portion of the fluid from one end of said cylinder into the opposite end thereof during the downstroke of said plunger, said fluid by-passed into said cylinder acting in opposition to the upstroke of said plunger to retard it, and conduit means to by-pass the latter fluid on the upstroke of said plunger completely from the device.

2. A dishwashingmachine comprising a tub, a dish supporting frame in said tub, means mounting said frame for rotary movement and simultaneously vertical reciprocation throughout a working range in said tub, a spray device in said tub arranged to spray a cleansing fluid into said frame throughout said range of rotary and reciprocatory movement, means to rotate said frame, said spray device being adapted to rotate said frame and comprising the latter means, said spray device comprising a plurality of nozzles circumferentially spaced thoughout the bottom of said tub at different radial distances from the center of said tub and with their orifices discharging in the direction of rotation of said frame, fluid pressure means to move said frame throughout said range in one direction, andyieldable means acted upon by said fluid pressure to move said frame throughout said range in the opposite direction. I

3. A dishwashing machine comprising'a tub, a cylinder secured to and suspended from the bottom of said tub, a plunger arranged for reciprocating movement in said cylinder, a receptacle supporting frame carried by the upper end of said plunger, valve controlled constant fluid pressure supply means to move said plunger in one direction, yieldable means placed in a condition by said fluid means to'move said plunger in the opposite direction, and means to entrain a por. tion of the fluid ejected from one end of said cylinder by the movement of said plunger under the urge of said yieldable means in said opposite direction into the other end thereof.

4. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub, a cylinder secured to and suspended from the bottom of said tub, a plunger arranged for reciprocating movement in said cylinder a receptacle supporting frame carriedby the upper end of said plunger, conduit means connected to one end of said cylinder for supplying fluid under pressure from a water supply line to said cylinder, valve means for controlling the supply of water to said conduit means, a second conduit tensibly acted upon by said fluid under pressure opposing the movement of said frame in said direction, said valve means being operable to entrain a portion of the fluid ejected from one end of said cylinder by the movement of said plunger, under the retractile urge of said spring in the opposite direction through said second said conduit means into the opposite end of said cylinder, the latter fluid opposing the movement of said framein the said one direction, said by-pass conduit by-passing the water from said cylinder which is acting in opposition to themovement of the said frame in the said direction on the upstroke of said plunger.

5. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub, a cylinder secured to and suspended from the bottom of said tub, a plunger arranged for re ciprocating movement in said cylinder, a receptacle supporting frame carried by the upper end of said plunger, means for supplying fluid under pressure to said cylinder to elevate" said plunger, yieldable means fastened to said plunger opposing the latters movement in said direction, conduit means by-passing a portion of the fluid from one end of said cylinder into the opposite end thereof during the down stroke of said plunger, said fluid by-passed into said cylinder acting in opposition to the upstroke of said plunger to retard it, and conduit means to by-pass the latlater fluid on the upstroke of said plunger completely from the device.

6. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub, a receptacle supporting frame rotatively arranged for vertical reciprocation in said tub, hydraulic means to simultaneously rotate and vertically move said frame in one direction, one of said hydraulic means comprising a plurality of nozzles circumferentially spaced throughout the bottom of said tub at different radial distances from the center of said tub and with their orifices discharging in the direction of rotation of said frame, the other of said hydraulic means comprising valve controlled constant fluid pressure to rotate.

'7. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub,

'a cylinder secured to and suspended from the bottom of said tub, a plunger arranged for reiprocating movement in said cylinder, a receptacle supporting frame carried by the upper end of said plunger within the tub, means for supplying fluid under pressure to said plunger at one end of said cylinder to elevate said frame, conduit means lay-passing a portion of the fluid from one end of said cylinder into the opposite end thereof during the down stroke of said plunger, said fluid by-passed into said cylinder acting in opposition to the upstroke of said plunger to retard it, and conduit means to by-pass the latter fluid on the up stroke of said plunger completely from the device.

8. A dishwashing apparatus including a tub 9 vertical reciprocation, therein, a cylinder depending from the bottom face of said tub, said cylinder having its free and capped, a plunger in said cylinder for upporting said frame, a coiled spring mounted within said plunger, one end of said spring being connected to the upper end of said plunger adjacent the top of said cylinder and the opposite end of. said spring being connected to the lower end of said cylinder adjacent the bottom of said plunger, means for supplying fluid under pressure to said cylinder to elevate said plunger against the opposition of said spring, said cylinder and said plunger having concentric walls with a clearance'spacebetween them closed at the lower end, means for by-passing the fluid discharged from said capped end on the down stroke of said plunger into the upper end of said clearance space whereby to purge said clearance space and subsequently oppose said plunger on its upstroke, and conduit means into which the by-passed fluid is discharged during the latter stroke.

9. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub, a dish basket supporting frame in said tub, means mounting said frame for rotary movement and simultaneous vertical reciprocation in said tub, hydraulic means independent of each other to rotate and vertically reciprocate said frame simultaneously, said hydraulic rotating means comprising a plurality of nozzles circumferentially spaced I throughout the bottom" of said tub at different radialdistances from the center of said tub, and with their orifices discharging in the di-' rection of rotation of said frame, and yieldable means acting in alternation with said hydraulic reciprocating means to cause the reciprocation of said frame in one direction. I

10. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub, a dish containing basket supporting frame in said. tub, means mounting said frame for rotary movement and simultaneous vertical reciprocation, hydraulic means including a plurality of nozzles'circumferentially spaced throughout the bottom of said tub at diflerent radial distances from the center of said tub and with their oriflces discharging in the direction of rotation of said frame, to rotate, wash and subsequently rinse the dishes in said basket supported by said frame, another hydraulic means to elevate said frame during its rotation, spring means comprising a coiled extensible spring opposing the hydraulic elevating means, and a manually operable control valve to cause the last recited hydraulicmeans and said spring means to act in alternation. I

11. A cylinder, a plunger reciprocably mounted in said cylinder, means operatively related to one end of said plunger to be moved thereby in one direction, means for supplying fluid under pressure to said plunger at the other end of said cyl inder to move said means in the said one direction, means for by-passing a portionof the fluid from the second recited end of said cylinder into the first recited end thereof during the stroke of said plunger which is opposite to the direction thereof first recited, said fluid by-passed into said cylinder acting in opposition, to the stroke of the plunger in the direction first stated to retard it, and means to by-pass the latter fluid during the stroke of the plunger first recited completely from said cylinder.

12. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub, a dish supporting frame in said tub, means mounting said frame for rotar movement and simultaneously vertical reciprocation throughout a rising a plurality of nozzles circumferentially spaced throughout the bottom of said tube at 10 different radial distances from the center thereof, supporting means for said nozzles for selectively positioning the and yieldable means acted upon by said fluid pressure means to move said frame throughout said range in the opposite directioir.

13. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub, a dish supporting frame in said tub, means mounting said frame for rotary and simultaneoils vertical reciprocation throughout a working range in said tub. and a spray device comprising a plurality of nozzles circumferentially spaced throughout the bottom of said tub at difl'erent radial distances from the nozzles having their oriflces positioned to direct streams of liquid laterally against said frame and its contents thereby to automatically rotate said frame. I

14. The subject matter of claim 13 and, a

manifold pipe located beneath said tube, a plurality of unions fastened to said manifold pipe, each of said unions being connected in a leak proof manner to the bottom of said tub and hav- 5 ing an opening communicating therewith, and jets screwabie into each said opening, said nozzles being secured to said jets.

15. In a dishwashing machine, the combination of a rotatable dish supporting means, a tub 40 in which said dish supporting means is mounted for rotation, an outlet above the bottom of the tub for establishing a predetermined overflow level for retaining a predetermined volume of washing fluid in the bottom of the tub directly below the dish container, a plurality of short vertically disposed educti'on nozzles below said dish supporting means, and having eduction openings below said level and'discharge openings above said level for projecting fluid diagonally upwardly upon the dishes in said supporting means and for recirculating'the washing fluid, at least one of said nozzles being directed upon the dish supporting means in a direction to produce rotation of said means, said nozzles having external connection for a source of hot water under pressure for activating the nozzles.

16. In a dishwashing machine, the combination of a dish supporting means, a tub in which said supporting means is mounted for rotation, overflow means adapted to establish intermediate the bottom of said tub and said supporting means a predetermined maximum free liquid level in said tub, a plurality of vertically disposed eduction Jets below said supporting means and spaced throughout the bottom of said tub at different radial distances from the center thereof, fluid ejector means associated with each of said jets including a discharge oriflce adjustable in azimuth above said jet and a lower portion having fluid eduction openings therein below said free liquid level, each of said jets being adapted to discharge a small high velocity stream of heated liquid against said discharge oriflce in such a manner as to induce the flow through said eduction opendirection of discharge of center thereof, said ings of said free liquid to form with said heated 1 l a liquid a spray mixture adapted to be projected diagonally upwardly upon said supporting means to eflect the cleansing or articles contained therev the. combination flow means adapted to establish intermediate the bottom of said tub and said supporting means a predetermined maximum free liquid level in said tub, a plurality oi vertically disposed eduction jets below said supporting means and spaced throughout the bottom of said tub at different radial distances from the center thereof, fluid ejector means associated with each of said jets including .a heart-shaped discharge orifice adjustable in azimuth above said jet and a lower portion having fluid eduction openings therein below said face liquid level, each or said jets being adapted to discharge a small high velocity stream of heated liquid against said discharge orifice in such a manner as to induce the flow through said eduction openings or said tree liquid to form with said heated liquid a spray mixture having a larger total mass and lower velocity than said high velocity stream and adapted to be projected by said discharge orifice diagonally upwardly upon said supporting meansin the form of a flat stream, at least one of said ejector means having its discharge oriflce directed against the said supporting means in a direction adapted to effect the rotation of said supporting means and the articles contained therein solely by fluid propulsion.

18. In a dishwashing machine, the combination or a dish supporting means, a tub in which said supporting means is mounted forrotation, overflow means adapted to establish intermediate the bottom of said tub and said supporting means a predetermined maximum iree liquid level in said tub, a plurality of vertically disposed eduction jets below said supporting means and spaced throughout the bottom of said tub at diflerent radial distances from the center thereof, fluid ejector means associated with each of said jets including a discharge orifice adjustable in azimuth above said jet and a lower portion having fluid eduction openings therein below said free liquid level, each of said jets being adapted to discharge a small high velocity stream of heated liquid against said discharge orifice in such a manner as to induce the flow through said eduction opening of said free liquid to form with said heated liquid a spray mixture having a larger total mass and lower velocity than said 'high velocity stream and adapted to be projected diagonally upwardly upon said supporting means in the form of a spray, a plurality of said disa plurality of vertically disposed eductionnozzles below said supporting means, said nozzles having eduction openings below said free liquid level adapted to recirculate the washing liquidupon flow of liquid through saidnozzles from an external source .of liquid under pressure in such a manner asto form a spray mixture of said recirculated liquid andsaid washing liquid, each of 1 I said nozzles including discharge means above said free liquid level adjustable'in azimuth for directing said spray mixture upwardly and diagonally upon said supporting means to effect the cleansing of articles contained therein, at least one or said discharge means being directed against 1 the supporting .means and vthe articles contained therein in a direction adapted to eilect rotation of said supporting means solely by fluid propulsion.

20. In a dishwashing machine the combination ofa tub, a dish supporting means mounted for rotation in said tub, an overflow pipe adapted to establish below said supporting means a predetermined maximum freeliquid level in said tub, a plurality of vertically disposed eduction nozzles below said supporting means, said nozzles having eduction openings below said free liquid level adapted to recirculate the washing liquid upon flow of liquid through said nozzles from an external source of liquid under pressure and so constructed and arranged as to form a spray mixture of said recirculated liquid and said external liquid, said nozzles having discharge means above directing said spray mixture upwardly and diagonally upon said supporting means, and at least one of said discharge means being directed against the supporting means in a direction adapted to effect rotation thereof solely by fluid propulsion.

21; In a, dishwashing machine the combination of a rotatable dish supporting'means, a tub in which said supporting means is mounted for rotation, an outlet above the bottom of said tub for establishing a predetermined overflow level for retaining a predetermined volume of washing fluid in the bottom of the tub directlybelow said supporting means, a plurality of short vertically disposed eduction nozzles mounted individually on the bottom of the tub below said supporting means, fluid conducting means extending through the bottom of said tub and adapted to communicate each of said nozzles with an external source charge orifices being directed against the suprotation in said tub, an overflow pipe adapted to establish below said supporting means a predetermined maximum rree liquid level in said tub,

activate said nozzles, each of said nozzles having eduction openings below said overflow level and discharge openings above said level so constructed and arranged vas to recirculate said washing fluid and to form a spray mixture of said washing fluid and said external water at least one of said discharge openings being directed upon said supporting means in a direction adapted to produce rotation thereof and to projectfluid diagonally and upwardly upon said supporting means.

RAYMOND w. WILSON;

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the flle of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Pierce Nov. 22, 1921 (Other references on following page) Number UNITED STATES PATENTS Number 2,044,524 Name Date 0 3 McKenney et 8.]. Feb.- 10, 1925 2 201 3 0 South Feb. 23, 1926 I 2.303929 Ballln June 28, 1927 Anstlss Oct. 8, 1929 Krocker Nov. 5, 1929 Number Replogle Mar. 6, 1934 204,452 Ellington et a], May 22, 1934 286,092 295,516

Tafel Nov. 6, 1934 Name Y Date Caise June 16, 1936 Forsyth Dec. 1, 1936 Tierney. May 21, 1940 Partridge June 4, 1940 FOREIGNPA'I'ENTS .Country Date Germany .Nov. 24, 1908 Great Britain Mar. 1, 1928 Italy Apr. 23,1932

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