USRE22474E - Process and appabatus for control - Google Patents

Description

May 9, 1944. L. s. FRYER ET AL 22,474

PROCESS AND APPARATUSFOR CONTROLLING TENSION Original Filed March 22, 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Y/ll/l/ l;////// K/ [Ill a ZSnnentor Low: 6'. F4953 00.0 LOUIS E. Lover v @XMQWW (Ittomeg y 4 L. s. FRYER ETAL Re. 22,474

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING TENSION Original Filed March 22, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet? ATTORNEY INVENTOR .S'. Fun-n mvo v Elovsrr {Z (9 W m 9 a vi a .ofiw m I N wk \N R Q 9 l .R Q Qm o 2 ww May 9, 1944. Re. 22,474

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING TENSION L. s. FRYER ETAL s Sheets-Sheet 3 Original Filed March 22, 1957 8. Fun 000 Louls E. Lonrr ATTORNEY Reissued-May 9, .1944

' PROCESS Louis S. Fryer,

Madiso AND APPARATUS ron comer.-

mno TENSION Cleveland, and Louis Eliovett,

n, Ohio, assignors to Industrial Baron Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Delaware Original No. 2,211,862. dated October 15, 1940,

Serial No. 132,266, March 22, 1937. Application ior reissue October 14, 1942, Serial No. 461,950

19 This invention relates toapparatus for controlling tensile stresses on threads and, more particularly, to apparatus adapted to tension or slacken threads .which are being coiled or otherwise wound in package form. The invention is of especial value in connection with the production of viscose artificial silk thread, for which reason it will be shown and described in such association. However, it is to be understood that artificial silk thread otherwise produced, as, for example, by the cuprammonium, cellulose nitrate, or cellulose acetate processes, may be handled by means of such apparatus. The invention may also be utilized in connection with the production of threads, yarns or hands of any other material, whether of synthetic or natural origin. In the production of artificial silk thread, it is sometimes desirable to tension the thread, as, for example, to enhance-the'tensile strength oi the product. At other stages in its production, it is often desirable to eifect a slackening of the thread in order to relieve any tensile stresses -which occur therein; for instance, in coiling or otherwise winding such thread into a package, it is desirable that the package be of relatively loose formation in order that washing, desulphurizing, bleaching and other'treating liquids may pass more readily through the windings thereof. In 1 either case, it is important that the'degree of tension or slackness imparted to the thread be uniform, this for the reason that variations may adversely affect the dyeing properties of the product. By means of the present invention, the thread may be uniformly tensioned or slackened to any desired degree.

Several possible applications of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying-drawings in which Figure l is a front elevation of a portion of a spool-spinning machine embodying one form of apparatus of the invention. Y

Figure 2 is a sectional elevation on the line 2-2 Of Figure 1.

v Figure 3 is a horizontal section on an enlarged scale along the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a section on an enlarged scale along the line 4-4 oi Figure 1. Figure 5 is a section on an-enlarged scale along the line 55 of Figure 1. a

Figure 6 is a side elevation of a modified form I of apparatus which may be employed in lieu of that appearing in Figures 1 and 2.

Figure 7' is an end elevation of the device of Figure 6, parts being shown as broken away for the sake oi clearness.

Figure 8 is a section on an enlarged scale. along line H of Figure "l.

Figure 9 is 'a front elevation of a portion of a pot-spinning machine embodying the invention.

Figure 10 is a sectional elevation on the line iii-iii of Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a horizontal section on an enlarged scale on the line il,|i of Figure 10. 1 Figure 12 is a front elevation of atwisting machine embodying apparatus of the invention.

Figure 13 is a sectional elevation on line l3--l1 of Figure 12.

Figure 14 is a section on Fi ure 12.

In the spool-spinning machine illustrated in the line It-uof Figures 1 and 2, the thread I5 is formed in the usual manner by coagulation of the viscose in bath IS, the viscose being extruded from spinlecting roller 20, passesover pressure roller neret I! by pump l8. In conventional spinning machines, the thread is ordinarily collected immediately upon a spool mounted upon driven shaft l9. In accordance with the present invention, the thread, before being-wound upon cg!- under driven roller or godet 22, and partially around idler roller 23. As hereinafter pointed out, the apparatus is so arranged that the thread may be wound upon collecting roller 20 with the same degree of tension or of slackness that characterizes it while it is passing around idler roller 23. Pressure roller 2i is provided in order to prevent slippage oi the thread, which is looped around substantially the entire surface of driven,

roller 22. Withdrawal of the thread from the coagulating bath It being effected by driven roller 22, slippageof the thread thereon must be avoided if a uniform product is to be obtained. Pressure roller 2i operates to prevent slippage by applying the thread to driven roller 22 with a high degree oi pressure. The resulting friction between the thread and driven roller 22 assures a positive and uniform pull on the thread.-

supported by bracket 35 from the frameof the It secured to shaft 3! on oppomachine. Collars carried in a protecting housing 34 site sides of bearing 23 prevent endwise movement of the shaft.

To make driven roller 22 as light as possible consistent with the requisite amount of strength.

it is preferablyoi hollow construction as shown in Figure 5. To this end, a cylindrical sleeve 25 is mounted upon .end pieces 26 and 21 and secured thereto by screws 28. End piece 21 has a frustoconical surface-the outer portion of the base of which is of the same diameter as the exterior of cylindrical sleeve 25. In order that the surface of cylindrical sleeve 25 may be flush withthe outer portions of end pieces 25 and 21, the receiving portions of these end pieces are formed in each case with a rabbet in which such sleeve seats. Shaft I3 passes centrally through end pieces 25 and 21 and is secured to end piece 21 by a set screw 29. Roller. 22 is so mounted.upon

shaft i9 that frusto-conical end piece'21 is presented to the operator at the front of the machine. I

As shown in Figure 4, idler roller 23 may have substantially the same construction as driven roller 22. In the case of idler roller 23, however, and pieces 33 and 39 project outward beyond the periphery of cylindrical sleeve 40 to form what are in effect flanges 4| and 42 of equal diameter. The outer portion of end piece 39 near the base thereof is of the same diameter as flange 42. The peripheries of flanges 4| 'and A2 are adapted to bear upon the cylindrical surface of driven roller 22. Contact with driven roller 22 serves to drive idler roller 23.

'Shaft43, upon which end pieces 33 and 33 are mounted, is preferably supported between the arms 44a and 44b of -a pivoted bracket 44, Bracket 44 is carried on a shaft 45 secured to a longitudinal rail 31 forming part of the framework of the spinning machine. roller 23 in position between the arms of bracket 44, the roller is first positioned between the arms after which the shaft 43 is thrust in'place. Set screw 46, mounted in end piece 39, serves to prevent endwise movement of shaft 43 and thereby retains idler roller 23 in position. The pivotal mounting of bracket 44 permits idler roller 23 to move up and down to compensate for inaccuracies in the mounting or in the surfaces of rollers 22 and 23 and further facilitates threading up of the rollers as hereinafter explained.

Due to the fact that the surface of cylindrical sleeve 49 is of smaller diameter than flanges -thread will be delivered from the surface of driven roller 22 at a greater speed than it will be taken up by the surface of idler roller 23 and tension in the thread will be relieved, In

To assemble idler permit the passage of fluid through cylindrical sleeve 41 and through the layers of thread collected thereon in the washing, desuiphurizing, bleaching or other treating of the thread. Cylindrical sleeve 41 may be removably attached to end pieces 49 and, 5B and prior to liquid processing of the thread may-be removed therefrom exactly as the ordinary spool is removed for such purposes. End piece 50 has a frusto-conical surface and is fastened to shaft 52 by set screw 5|.

The ends of shaft 52 of collecting roller. 20 are mounted in brackets 53 and 54. Bracket 53 is fastened to rail 31, while bracket 54 depends from a rail 51 extending longitudinally of the spinning machine. Upwardly opening slots 55 and 56 in these brackets receive the ends of shaft 52. In locating collecting roller 2|] between brackets 53 and .54, cylindrical sleeve "41 is first placed upon end piece 50, after which end piece.

49 is passed over shaft 52 and brought into contact with cylindrical sleeve 41. This assembly is then dropped in place between the brackets 53 and 54. Inasmuch as collecting roller 20 closely fits the space between the brackets, sepa- I ration of end pieces 49 and 50 will be prevented and the parts of collecting roller 22 maintained in assembled relation.

Upwardly opening slots 55 and 56 permit rapid removal from brackets 53 and 54 of the assembly including collecting roller 2|! and enable an empty collecting roller upon which fresh thread may be collected to be quickly placed in position. These slots furthermore permit collecting roller 20 to move upward upon increase in the thickness of the package of thread. Also, any inaccuracies which exist in the mounting or formation of collecting roller 20 or idler roller 23 will.

be compensated for by vertical slots 55 and 53.

Flanges 4| and 42.0! idler roller 23 should be far enough apart to permit the surface of cylindrical sleeve 41 of collecting roller 20 to come into contact with the surface of cylindrical sleeve 40 of idxler roller 23. This permits the frustoconical surface of end piece 50 of collecting roller 30 to clear the surface of flange #2 of idler roller 23. The surface of cylindrical sleeve 25 of driven roller 22'-should be sufficiently long to contact with flanges 4| and 42 of idler roller 23. When assembled, the front ends of rollers 2n, 2|, 22, and 23 should preferably lie within approximately the same. vertical plane, as shown in Figure 2. Brackets 5B and 44 are mounted upon opposite sides of collecting roller 20 and idler roller 23.

These brackets are disposed in this manner so as to leave free of any obstruction that side of the collecting roller 20 and that side of idler roller 23which is moving upward. The arrows in Figure 1 illustrate this relationship. This arrangement makes it possible for the operator in threading up the rollers to bring his hand freely around that side or the collecting roller 20 or idler roller 23 with which the thread is to contact.

The frusto-conical ends ofthe several rollers facilitate threading up whenoperations are being started. After an empty cylindrical sleeve 41 has been placed between end pieces 49 and this manner, it is possible to relieve the thread of tension placed upon it as it is drawn from sy coagulating bath iii-by driven roller 22.

Collecting roller20, as shown in Figure 3; is made up of several elements corresponding to those of driven roller 22. Cylindrical sleeve 41, however, is perforated in the usual way with a considerable number of holes 48. These holes 50 of collecting roller 2|] in readiness for the collection of thread, the thread is drawn from coagulating bath I3 and is rapidly passed around the conical ends of rollers 2|, 22 and 23 and collecting roller 20. Thusthe thread is withdrawn fromcoagulating bath I6, passed over the frustoconical portion of pressure roller 2|, and brought down between pressure roller 2| and driven roller 'winds it upon the frusto-conical portion of collecting roller 20.

The "operation of threading up the rollers could be'accomplished if the frusto-conical surfaces above described were not present but somewhat less readily than if frusto-conical surfaces are employed, this in consequence of the contact which exists between the cylindrical surfaces of the several rollers as a result of the fact that they=bear directly upon each other. The frustoconical formation of the ends of the several rollers not onlypermits the operator access between them to enable him to place the thread upon their surfacesybut also provides an entrance surface over which the thread may be conducted while being led to the cylindrical portions of the several rollers. The threading up operation is also facilitated by the disposition of brackets 44 and 54 on opposite sides of the rollers which they respectively support.

To bring the thread from the frusto-conical portions of the rollers to the cylindrical portions thereof the .thread may conveniently be hooked in the eye 58 of conventional traverse arm 53. Inasmuch as the limits of travel of eye 58 correspond to the ends of the package of thread which is to be built up on collecting roller 23, the thread will'be advanced back and forth only along the cylindrical portion of pressure roller 2 I The thread will be wound on collecting roller 20 l in the manner in which it is laid upon pressure roliler 2|, since the wet thread cannot slip sidewise across the several rollers.

As the-thread builds up on the surface of, sleeve '41 of collecting roller 20, the thread is at all times in contact with the surface of cylindrical sleeve 40 of idler roller- 23, so that the package of thread and therefore collecting roller 2|! are rotated. Due to this direct contact, the surface of the package of thread moves at the same peripheral speed as the peripheral speed of the surface oficylindrical sleeve 40 of idler roller 23.

Because of this relationship, the thread is collected on the package at the same speed with which it is supplied from idler roller 23.

The thread is consequentlywound upon sleeve 41 of collecting roller 20 with the same degree of tension or slackness that it has in passing around idler roller 23, this being that which is mounted upon rail 31 extending longitudinally of the spinning machine. Bracket 33 is so positioned with respect to idler roller 32 as to be adjacent that portion of the periphery of said roller which is not contacted by the thread. In this manner, obstruction to the passage of the thread in the threading up operation is eliminated.

Bracket it for the front end of. collecting roller 64 is disposed upon the side thereof opposite the side of idler roller 32 on which bracket 83 is mounted.

Idler roller 6| .is formed similarly to driven roller 22 of Figures 1 and 2 in that it is not proimparted to the thread in passing between rollers 22 and 23. To decrease the tension in the thread being collected on sleeve 41 of collecting roller 20 the diameter of flanges (I and 42 may be increased or the diameter of cylindrical sleeve of idler roller 23 decreased; to increase it, the diameterpf flanges ll and 42 may be decreased or the diameter of cylindrical sleeve 40 increased.

In the modification of the invention illustrated in Figures 6 and 7, two idler rollers 8i and 62 are located between driven roller i3. and collecting roller. Idler roller 62 and collecting roller 64 have the same general formation and relation to each other as idler roller .23 and collecting roller 20 in Figures 1 and 2, idler roller 62 having flanges 65 at both ends' of its cylindrical surface. Bracket 66, which carries idler roller 62, is pivotally vided with flanges. It is rotated through contact with driven roller 33. To support. idler roller 3|, a pivoted bracket '63 is mounted upon a rail II which corresponds generally to rail 31 in Figures 1 and 2. Bracket 33 is mounted upon the side of idler roller it upon which is mounted bracket 63 for collecting roller 33 with the result that bracket. is on the downwardly moving side of idler roller 5|.

Driven roller 63 may be mounted upon shaft is of Figures 1 and 2. In contrast with driven roller 22, however, driven roller 33 is provided at opposite ends of its cylindrical surface with flanges II and in this respect corresponds to idler roller .82. Bearing upon the cylindrical surface of driven roller 63 is a pressure roller 12. The latter may be supported in a manner similar Ito pressure roller 2| in Figures 1 and 2 and may be of similar construction. The conical end portion 13 of pressure roller 12 must, however, be of suiflciently small diameter at its base to prevent interference with the flange H' at the front end of driven roller 63. This relaitionship is shown in detail in Figure 8.

The cylindrical surface of idler roller 6| bears directly upon flanges ll of driven roller 63 and through this frictional contact idler roller BI is rotated. Because of this contact, the cylindrical surface of idler roller 6| will have -a greater peripheral speedthan the cylindrical surface; of driven roller 63 and as a result the thread passing between these two rollers will be placed under tension. By varying the ratio between the diameter of flanges 'II and the diameterof the cylinits end flanges 63. By properly proportioning the ratio between the cylindrical surface of idler roller 62 and its end flanges 35, any desired amount of slack may be imparted to the thread and this may be suflicient to compensate for the tension placed in the thread in passing from driven roller 63 to idler roller i I. In this manner,

although subjected to a stretching operation, the thread gathered on collecting roller 3| forms a loose winding through which treating fluids may easily be passed.

Since rollers GI and 62 are idler rollers, it-is not necessary that they .be of any predetermined diameter. To effect a desired tensioning or slackening of the thread, av diiferent proportioning of the flanges of the roller with respect to its cylindrical surface is all that is required. For

as applied to a twisting machine.

this reason, idler rollers Ii and i! may be made of such small diameter that no increase in the heightof the machine as shown in Figures 1 and 2 is necessary in order to accommodate several idler rollers.

Figures 9 and 10 show a pot-spinning machine embodying the invention. Thread is supplied from some suitable source such as spinnerets and spin troughs similar to those appearing in Figures 1 and 2. Spinning pot M is rotated at high speed by means of motor 15. The spinning machine is in general of the kind ordinarily employed in the pot-spinning system, but dimers therefrom in the respects hereinafter mentioned. In passing to spinning pot' II, the thread first travels around two rollers is and 11 each of which has two stepped cylindrical surfaces. :the enlarged surface 18 of roller 11 being in engagement with the reduced surface I! of roller II.

and the surfaces It and II of rollers l1 and II,

respectively, receiving the thread. These thread bearing surfaces 80 and Ii are so related to engaging surfaces I8 and II that the surfaces II and II are spaced from each other, a short length of free thread extending between them. Due to the relation between the engaging and the thread bearing surfaces of rollers 16 and I1, surface II moves at a higher peripheral speed than the peripheral speed of surface it with the result that thread passing between these two surfaces is tensioned. By increasing the diameter ll of roller 16 and correspondingly decreasi the diameter of engaging surface ll of roller 11, the peripheral speed of roller 11 will be increased with respect to that of roller 18, which is positlvely driven in the manner illustrated, and hence the tension in the thread passing therebetween may be increased.

As shown, roller" is supported upon a positively driven shaft 82 passing through a hearing in the frame 83 of the spinning machine. Shaft 8|, upon which roller I1 is rotatably mounted, is carried by a bearing. block 85. Bearing surfaces I9 and 18 of rollers I6 and 11 respective;

ly and assuring frictional engagement between them.

In Figures 12, 13 and 14, the invention is shown Thread '8 from the rapidly rotating spool 89 is twisted and collected upon bobbin 9D. The thread is drawn from the spool by means of a driven roller I carried upon a shaft 92 extending longitudinally of the twisting machine. Between the bobbin ll and driven roller 9! is an idler roller I8 having a central cylindrically shaped surface I! and end flanges 95. End flanges 95 bear upon the surface of driven roller 9i, driving idler roller 93.

The surface of bobbin 90 or the surface of the package of thread which is wound thereon, as the case may be, bears on the cylindrical surface 94. Due to this contact, bobbin Oil is rotated. Surface 94 ofv idler roller 93 is rotated at a lower peripheral speed than the surface of driven roller 9i due to the presence of driving flanges 95 and as a result thread passing from driven roller st to idler roller 83 is relieved of tension. Inasmuch as the surface of bobbin 8G or the surface of the package of-thread thereon, asthe case-may be,

willbe rotated at the same speed as surface ll,

' the thread is delivered to the bobbin I in untensioned condition.

To prevent slippage of thread on drlven roller II, the thread is forcibly applied to driven roller Ii by means of pressure roller so; The presence of pressure roller l8 dispenses with the necessity of securing the long are of contact between the thread and driven roller 8| that would otherwise be necessary to prevent slippage of the thread 1 upon driven roller Dir. Difficulty would be experienced, in attempting to obtain such a long are of contact, in passing the'thread around the under side of driven roller ll. Such dlmculty results from the presence of shaft 02 throughout 1 the length of the twisting machine.

The respective shafts of idler roller 98, pressure roller I! and bobbin 80 are carried upon brackets 81 and I 8 onopposite sides thereof. The

. shaft 08 cf bobbin ll is carried in vertical slots ill at the uppermost part of brackets I! and 88,. such slots being of sufllcient depth to permit the surface of bobbin 9| to come into direct contact with surface ll as well as to permit shaft I! to rise to the highestpoint to which it will be forced a when the package of thread is thickest. Shaft ill of idler roller .3 is carried in slots in brackets 91 and It having a vertical portion It! and an inclined portion ll! leading to the forward edges of the brackets 81 and, 88. The vertical portion I02 of the slot permits a limited up-anddown movement of roller II to compensate for inaccuracies in the erection of the machine and inclined portion it! facilitates positioning of the shaft.

Shaft I of pressure roller 98 is carried in slots ill! of the brackets 81 and 88, slots I05 being located in such close relation to shaft 92 that the surface of pressure roller 96 bears of its own weight upon the surface of driven roller 9|.

In threading up the twisting machine, the parts are preferably in a condition of rest, since this facilitates the threading up operation. Pressure roller 98 and idler roller 93 are first removed from rjgrackets 91 and 98. Thread is then drawn from 4 the spool 89 and passed through stationary eye Hi6, over slide bar I01 and through theguide eye "it. The thread is then wound with a few turns around bobbin 8|! and the bobbin 80 allowed to fall to the lowest point permitted by slots ill.

Idler roller 93 is then positioned between driven roller 9i and bobbin 90 by locating the ends of its shaft illl in the slotportion I02. Shaft iii! of pressure roller 96 is then dropped into slots Ill! to bring the thread forcibly against the surface of roller 9|. The machine may then be set in operation;

The several embodiments of the invention which have been disclosed are intended to be representative of the various-arrangements available in carrying out the invention. Thus the structural details appearing here are intended to be illustrative of the. invention and-not limitations upon its scope. The-term thread" as used in the appended claims comprehends not only '65 thread per se, but such materials asfilament 18 thread at a linear speed which is substantially prising means for supplyins the same constant at given positions in the apparatus comto which the thread passes: and, dispqsed between said means, means 'for changing the tension inthe' thread including a rotatable member positively rotated at a constant speed havthread; means ing a thread-bearing surface of circular cross section and, in contact therewith and driven therefrom, another rotatable member so disposed that its thread-bearing surface is out of contact with that of the first-named rotatable member, of which rotatable membersat least one has associated therewith a driving portion which differs in diameter from the thread-bearin surface thereof, contacts and has driving engagement withthe other of said rotatable members so that the peripheral speeds of'the thread-bearing surfaces of said rotatable members are different, the thread first engaging the thread-bearing surface of thepositively rotated member and thereafter contacting the thread-bearing surface of the other rotatable member in such manner that the thread-bearing surfaces of said rotatable members move in the. direction of travel of the thread.

2. Apparatus for handling a relatively delicate thread comprising means for supplying thread at a substantially constant linear speed; means for collecting the thread in package form; and, disposed between said thread-supplying means and said thread-collecting means, means for changing the tension in the thread including a positively driven rotatable member the thread-bearing surface of which is circular in cross-section and, in

contact therewithand driven therefrom, another rotatable member of circular cross-section so disposed that its thread-bearing surface is out of contact with that of the first-named rotatable member, of which rotatable members at least one has associated therewith a driving portion which differs in diameter from the thread-bearing sur-, face thereof, contacts and has driving engagement withthe other of said rotatable members so that the peripheral speeds of the thread-bearing surfaces of said rotata le members are different, the thread first engaging the thread-bearing surface of the positively driven member and thereafter contacting the thread-bearing surface thread-bearing surfaces of said rotatable members move in the direction of travel of the thread; a core on which the thread is collected in package form mounted to bear against and have driving engagement with the thread-bearins surface of the last of said rotatable members contacted by the thread; and a.reciprocatory traverse guide which engages the thread before it passes to the first of said rotatable I thread and is mounted in close-proximity thereto.

5. Apparatus for collecting thread comprising two rotatable members each of which has a thread-bearing surface of circular cross section and an associated driving portion, the driving portion'of atleast one of'which rotatable members is of a diameter which differs from that of the thread-bearing surface thereof, said rotatable members being mounted so that-their threadbearing surfaces are out of contact while the driving portions thereof contact to provide driving engagement, the thread thereby contacting the thread-bearing surfaces of both of said rotatable members in succession in such manner that the thread-bearing surfaces of said rotatable members move in the direction of travel of the thread; a core on which the thread is collected in package form 'mountedin close proximity to the last rotatable member contacted by the thread; and a reciprocatory traverse guide which engages the thread before it passes to the first of "said rotatable members contacted by the thread and is mounted in close proximity thereto.

6. Apparatus for collecting thread comprising a first rotatable member which has a longitudinally extending generally cylindrical thread-bearing surface; a second rotatable member whichhas a longitudinally extending generally cylindrical ter larger than that of said 40 face at the ends thereof which contact said first of the other rotatable member in such manner two rotatable members each of which, has a thread-bearing surface of circular. cross section and an associated driving portion, the driving portion of at least one of which rotatable members is of adiameter which differs from that of the thread-bearing surface thereof, members being mounted so that their threadbcaring surfaces donot contact while the driving portions do contact to provide driving engagement, the thread thereby contacting the threadbearing surfaces of both of said rotatable mem bers in succession in such manner that the said rotatable guide which engages thread-bearing surface and thread-bearing surmentioned rotatable member and have driving engagement therewith so that the thread-bearing surfaces of both said rotatable members are maintained out of contact with each other and move at different peripheral speeds; and a core on which the thread is wound in package form mounted to bear against and have driving engagement with the thread-bearing surface of said second rotatable member between the enlarged portions thereo. A

7. Apparatus for collecting thread-comprising a first rotatable member which has a longitudinally extending generally cylindrical threadbearing surface; a second rotatable member which has a longitudinally extending generally cylindrical thread-bearing surface and portions of adiameter larger than that of said threadbearing surface at the ends thereof which contact said first-mentioned rotatable member and have driving engagement therewith so that the thread-bearing surfaces of both said rotatable members are maintained out of contact with each other and move at different peripheral speeds; a core on which the thread is wound in package form mounted to bear against and have driving engagement with the thread-bearing surface of said second rotatable member between the enlarged portionsthereof; a reciprocatory traverse the thread before it passes to said first rotatable member; and means for reciprocating said traverse guide'through apath such that the thread moves longitudinally over the thread-bearing surface of said second rotatable member between the enlarged portions thereof.

members contacted by the portions of a diame- 8.-Apparatus for collecting thread comprising a plurality of rotatable members, of which successiverotatable-members contact and are in driving engagement, which rotatable members the thread contacts in succession so that the sur- 1 face of each of said rotatable memberscontacted by the thread moves'in the direction of travel of v the thread, the last of which rotatable members constitutes a collecting device for collecting the thread in package form, each of said rotatable members having a longitudinally extending thread-bearing surface of circular cross section, at least one of which rotatable members has spaced, flange portions thereon of a diameter larger than that of the thread-bearing surface of said rotatable member and contacts an adjacent rotatable member so that the thread-bearing surfaces of said adjacent rotatable members are maintained out of contact with each otherand move at diiferent peripheral speeds: a reciprocatory traverse guide which engages the thread before it to the first of said rotatable members; and means for reciprocating said traverse guide through a path such that the thread moves longitudinally over the threadbearing surface of said flanged rotatable merr'i- 7 her between the flange portions thereof.

7 moving in the direction of passage of the filaments at a speed that is substantially higher than the peripheral speed of the 'cake, transmitting power from the moving surface to the filaments and thereby accelerating the filaments. while moving the filaments back and forth across the surface transverse to their direction of passage, whereby tension in the filaments at the point of winding on the bobbin is reduced.

12. In a process. in which relatively plastic 1 rayon filaments are passed through a guide reciprocating transversely to the direction of passage of the filaments and wound on a rotating annular surface as a series of overlapping spirals,

the improvement which comprises immediately before the winding passing the filaments between the guide and said surface against a second annular surface rotating in the direction of passage of the filaments with a peripheral speed higher than that of the first annular surface. transmitting i power from the moving surface to the filaments 9. Apparatus for collecting thread comprising a plurality of rotatable members of which succes-. sive members contact and are in driving engagement, the thread contacting in successions said rotatable members so that the surface of each of said rotatable members moves in the direction of travel of the thread, each of said rotatable members having a longitudinally extending generally cylindrical thread-bearing surface at least one of which rotatable members comprises spaced fiange portions at the ends of its thread-bearing surface, said fiangeportions contacting and being in driving engagement with an adjacent rotatable member, whereby the thread-bearing portions of said adjacent rotatable members are maintained out of contact with each other and move at different periphery speeds; a reciprocatory traverse guide engaging the thread before it passes to the first of said rotatable members; means for recipand thereby accelerating the filaments while moving the filaments back and forth across the surface transverse to the direction of passage of the filaments, whereby the tension of the filaments being wormd is reduced.

13. In a process in which relatively plastic rayon filaments are passed through a guide reciprocating transversely to the direction of passage of the filaments and wound as a series ofoverlapping spirals on a rotating collector, the improvement which comprises pressirig the filaments passing from the guide to the collector against a surface moving in the direction of passage of the filaments at a speed in excess' of that attained by the filaments at the point of winding, said pressing being conducted with a' force su ificient to bring about the transmission of power from the moving surface to the filaments and thereby impart acceleration to the filaments.

. and simultaneously moving the filaments back rocating said traverse guide through a path such that the thread moves longitudinally over the thread-bearing surface of said fianged rotatable member between the flange portions of said rotatable member; and a rotatable core mounted'in close proximity tothe last of said rotatable members for collecting the thread in cross wound package form.

10. Tension-controlling apparatus comprising two rotatable members each having a threadbearing surface of substantially circular cross section one of which rotatable members has an enlarged portion of a diameter larger than that of the thread-bearing surface of said rotatable momher and the other of which rotatable members has a reduced portion of a diameter smaller than that i of the thread-bearing portion of c said member,

said enlarged. and reduced portions of said rotatable members contacting each other and providing driving engagement, whereby the threadbearing-surfaces of said rotatable members are maintained out of contact with each other and move at different peripheral speeds during rotation of said rotatable members.

11. In a process in which plastic filaments are passed through a reciprocating guide and wound as a. cake on a rotating bobbin, the improvement which comprises passing the filaments movihg from the guide to the bobbin against a. surface to that of the i 15. In a ,process in which relatively plastic a point where they 7 and the force and forth across said surface transverse to the direction of filament passage, whereby tension in the filaments being wound is reduced.

14. In a process in which plastic rayon filaments are passed through a guide reciprocated transverselyto the direction of passage of the filaments and wound as a cake on a collector. the improvement which comprises bending the filaments passing from the guide to the collector over a cylindrical surface rotating in the direction of passage of the filaments at a speed in excess of that attained by the filaments at the are incorporated in the cake. the frictional coefficient of the moving surface with which the filaments are bent over the moving cylindrical surface being such that power is transmitted from the surface to the filaments and the latter are accelerated and become relatively untensed as they pass to the collector while moving forth across the surface in a direction transverse moving filaments.

rayon filaments are passed through 'a guide reciprocated transversely to the direction of passage of the filaments and wound around a rotating. collector, the improvement which comprises filaments between the guide and the g at least partially around a cylinder-disposed with its axis transverse to the direction of passage of the filaments at a higher peripheral speed than that ofthe collector while moving the filaments back and forth across the cylinder in the direc- .the filamentsback and and rotated in the direction of passagewith the cylinder and are tion of its axis of rotation, transmitting power from the cylinder to the filaments are accelerated during their contact condition when wound on the collector as a series of overlapping spirals.

16. In apparaiars for winding plastic rayon filaments, the combination which comprises a retatable bobbin upon which the filaments are wound, means for rotating the bobbin, a guide through which the filaments pass on their way to the bobbin, said guide being reciprocable through a stroke in a direction transverse to that olfilament passage and substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of. the bobbin, a godet disposed in the path of the filaments from the guide to the bobbin, said godet having a cylindrical surface at least as long as the stroke of the guide and being rotatable around an axis substantially parallel to that of the bobbin, and means for rotating the godet at a peripheral speed in excess of that of the bobbin, the coefilcient of iriction between the filaments and the cylindrical surface being such that the higher peripheral speed of the cylindrical surface is transmitted at least inpart to the filaments.

1 7. In a prpcess in which plastic filaments are passed through a reciprocating guide and wound as a cake on the rotating bobbin, the improvement which comprises passing the filaments back and iorth over a roller that is disposed between the guide and the bobbin with its axis of rotation substantially parallel to the bobbin and positively driven at a faster peripheral speed than that of V. the cake and thus relieving winding tension on ,the bobbin, whereby variations in tension in successive portions oi the filaments being wound tend to be equalized and variations in denier due to stretching of the filaments minimized.

filaments so that the in substantially slack,

said guide being reciprocable through a stroke transverse to the direction of passage of the filaments, a godet so disposed in the path of the filaments from the guideto the bobbinthat the filaments bear against the godet, and means for rotating the godet in the direction of filament passage at a peripheral speed substantially in excess of that or the bobbin, the coefllcient of friction of the godet being such that the, higher peripheral speed thereof is transmitted at least in part to the filaments.

19. In apparatus for winding plastic filaments, the combination which comprises a. rotatable bobbin upon which the filaments are wound, means 20 ior' rotating the bobbin, a guide through which the filaments pass on their way to the bobbin,

said guide being r'eciprocabie through a stroke transverse to the direction of passage of the filaments,,,a godet disposed with its axis of rotation 25 substantially parallel to having a rotating surface (against which the fila ments hear) at least as long as the stroke of the reciprocable guide, and means godet in the direction of filament passage at a 80 peripheral speed substantially in excess of that of the bobbin, the coefficient of friction of the godet being such that the higher peripheral speed thereof is transmitted at'least in part to the filaments. I

I LOUIS S. FRYER.

LOUIS E. wvn'rrj that of the bobbin and' for rotating the

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