USRE22222E - Follo web machine - Google Patents

Description

M. TURCHAN Nov. 10, 1942.

FOLLOWER MACH INE Original Filed July'20, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 MENTOR. 97212121121 [arc/21112 BY I 2. M w 7 ATTORN 5 Nov. 10, 1942. M. TURCHAN FOLLOWER MACHINE Original Filed Jul 20, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 IELY ENTOR. furcfian QZZarzzzel BY MAA74 7 ATTORNEYfi.

Nov. 10, 1942.

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Reissued Nov. 10, 1942 UNITED STATE FOLLOWER MACHINE Manuel Turchan, Dearborn, Mich.

Original No. 2,130,109, dated September 13, 1938,

Serial No. 736,207, July 20, 1934.

Application 1 for reissue August 5, 1940, Serial No. 351,541

6 Claims.

The present invention relates to socalled follower or profiling machines; that is, machines for reproducing, usually in metal, the contour of a previously prepared model of any suitable material. In known machines of the sort indicated profiling has been more or less successfully accomplished but except in certain very expensive and complicated types of machines, accuracy of dimensions has been sacrificed to obtain cheap-- ness and simplification.

Among the objects of the present invention therefore is a simple and relatively inexpensive machine capable of reproducing in accurate dimensions the form of the model or pattern.

Another object is a machine of the character indicated which is capable of reproductions of the model (for example, dies) requiring a minimum of finishing work in order to be in'satisfactory form for further use.

Another object is a machine of the character indicated which, though substantially automatic, shall be instantaneously subject to the control of the operator.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reference to the following description and the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a front elevation with parts in section of a machine embodying the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation with parts in section.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the controlling valve on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the valve and support with parts in section and parts omitted for clarity.

Fig. 5 is a detail in section.

As indicated above, the invention involves a machine for reproducing in metal the contours of a prepared model, and the drawings are intended to illustrate a machine set up for the reproduction, as a die, of a molded pattern of a tender of an automobile, the patternfbeing prepared from plastic material and shaped by hand or in any suitable fashion.

Referring first to Fig. 1, the pattern is indicated at A and the work at B, both secured rigidly to the bed It and an extension ll, of the cutting machine, preferably a conventional vertical milling cutter suitably modified. The milling cutter comprises as is usual, a base portion l2 carrying a vertical member l3 within which is housed the working parts operably connected to the'driving pulley H. At the upper end of member I3 is a horizontal portion overhanging bed I0 and supporting the vertical shaft 16 carrying a milling cutter H. The members l3 and I5 house, as is usual, driving means for the cutter I1 and also are provided with means for vertical adjustment of the latter.

The bed I0 is supported in the usual manner upon a so-called knee 20 and means is provided for moving the bed, in suitable slides, in two directions, i. e., right and left and from front to back and reverse, these moving means being provided with feed screws in the conventional manner.

The knee 2!] is also vertically movable in its slide 2|, by means of a jack screw 22 operable by a hand wheel 23.

The description so far is of the conventional, well-known vertical milling machine. In preparing the machine for reception of the mechanisms by means of .which it is used as above indicated, the only change made is to substitute for the nut, usually cooperating with jack screw 22 an internally threaded sleeve 25 slidable Vertically in pedestal 26 and having a keyway 2l cooperating with a key 28 to prevent rotation. The sleeve 25 is also flanged at its upper end 29 tolimit its downward movement.

7 The mechanisms for converting the mill ma chine consist of fluid operated cylinders for actuating the bed supporting knee 20 vertically, fiuid supply means for furnishing fluid under pressure to the cylinders, and control means C for regulating the fluid supply to the cylinders.

The cylinders for actuating the knee are shown in the drawings at 40, being fixed upon the base l2, and are provided with pistons 4| having the piston rods 42 extending through the upper heads 43 through suitable glands 44. These rods 42 are shouldered near their upper ends and cooperate with bracket members 45 fixed to the knee 20, to lift the knee when fiuid is forced into the cylinders below pistons 4 l,

It is preferred to extend the rods 42 some 'distance above the shoulders to permit, if desired, the addition of sleeves under the brackets to change the relation of the pistons and brackets, and to fix the rods in the brackets by nuts 45 on the upper end of the rods, for a purposei to be explained later.

Leading into the lower ends of cylinders. is a fluid supply pipe and leading into thecylinders above pistons ll is a second fluid supply pipe 5|. valve 52, normally maintained closed by a spring 53 but operable to open position by a lever or foot pedal 54. The pipes 50 and 5i are supplied with fluid under pressure from a suitable pump 55 Connecting these two pipes is a bypass drawing the fluid from a tank 56 and delivering topipe 50 through-the control means C, to be described later, and to pipe 5| through a pressure reducing valve 60.

Further,'pipe is provided with a pressure controlled outlet, valve 0| located between valve 00 and cylinders 50 and inside or, on at least discharging into, tank 58. The pump 85 is preferably operateg by a suitable motor 02 and provided with a suitable pressure limiting. or safety valve 53. The discharge from pump 50 isthrough a pipe 64 to a T 85, one branchof which leads to valve 60 and thence to-pipe 5|, the other branch connecting to a pipe 06 leading to the control device C and thence to pipe 00. i v,

The control device C above referred to is carried at the end of a supporting arm I0 of suitable length, depending upon the size of work, mounted upon uprightmember I3 and extending laterally. The outer end of arm 10 is provided with a vertically arranged split sleeve II fitting within part I3 andhaving an inside diameter only slightly larger than the outer diameter of the screw II which extends up through it andinto the interiorly threaded hand wheel 15, the hub of which rests upon the sleeve. As shown best in Fig. 4, sleeve 13 is flanged at its upper end and on one side as at 10 the flange is sufliciently wide and long to allow the formation therein of an arcuate slot II which, in cooperation with a screw I8 fixed in arm I0, provides i'or angular adjustment of the sleeve. Further, the sleeve is provided internally with a slot 00 and the screw It with a key way II by means of which, with a suitable key the screw may be prevented from turning in the sleeve. The lower end of screw 14 is providedwith an enlargement forming a horizontally arranged split sleeve 05 tightened or loosened by a screw 00, and held in this is the side arm 01 of the control device C. about to be described.

Referring now to Fig. 3 there isshown in section the control device, carrying a'pilot or 01- lower ior following the outline of the model or pattern to control the movement or the work under the cutter. This device C comprises a preferably cylindrical shell 90 fitting closely in a ring 9| forming a part of the arm 01. This shell has formed in its inner periphery three channels or canals 92, 90, and 94 having ports 92a, 93a, and Ma, which, when the shell 90 and ring 9i are properly relatively located, communicate with three conduits 92b, 00b and 04b extending through arm 81 and connected respectively, through suitable flexible sections to pipe 66, 50, and 05.

tion with a drain pipe III. Further, in order to provid for collecting any leakage, between shell 90 and ring 9|, the cap is also provided with a small gutter Ill draining through a small opening Illi to the inside. The cap IIO may be fixed in adjusted position by means of a lock nut Ili. f The follower 0r pilot is shown at I20 and this is carried at the lower end of the valve operating member I2I being fixed thereto in any suitable manner as by threading it intotlie lower end as at I22 using a lock nut I23 if desired.

This member I2I comprises a shaft portion extending up through opening II2 to a point closely adjacent the cone I04 01 valve member I00. At its upper end this shalt portion is fiared conically, as at I20, the angle being the same as that of the cone I04. At an intermediate point on the shaft is formed a conical flange I 26 having the same angle as cone III. It is preferred to make these several cones and flanges with the same angle though a small diirerence between the angle of cone I04 and cone III will not be a serious objection. Further, while an angle or 45'' has been found satisfactory, a somewhat smaller or larger angle may be used.

It will be noted that the upper and lower cones are arranged opposite to each other and in order to lessen friction antifriction bearings I21 and I20 are used between the mated conical elements. These bearings comprise'balls spaced by cages I20 and I00, respectively, which limits the movement of the balls in only one radial direction,

' being slotted as at III and I32, respectively, to

permit the upper ones to move radially outward and the lower ones to move radially inward.

In assembling the control C, the cap H0 is adjusted so that, when pilot I20 is not in contact with anything, valve member I00 is at a position in which the rib I03 will permit communication between grooves 90 and 02, the size of the 1 opening determining the rapidity of action of the tween the centers of the pilot I20 and the cut- Fitting within the shell on and slidable longi- Y tudinally therein is a valve member I00 having in its outer periphery two grooves MI and I02 separated by a rib I03 of substantially the width oi. canal 03. This valve member I00 is open at its bottom but at its upper end is closed and the closure portion provided inside with a small conical. projection I04 coaxial with the member.

' The upper end of shell 00 is closed by a suitable screw cap I00 having a central threaded opening in which is a screw plug I00, preferably hollow, which cooperates with a spring I01 arranged between it and valve member I00 to provide adjusted spring pressure upon the latter.

, The lower end of shell 00 is screw threaded ,to receive a screw cap III having its end dished inwardly to iorm an inwardly projecting cone III I and having a concentric opening H2. The cap is also tapped as at H! to provide for connecter [1. These two elements should be generally the same shape and their size should be the same with the qualification below noted. It is not intended by this statement to mean that the pilot should have cutting teeth. It is preferably smooth with its surfaces of areas corresponding to the planes generated by the outermost portions of the cutter when the latter is rotated. As for "the size of the pilot to be used, this is determined by whether the reproduction is to be of the same dimensions as those of the pattern or model. I! the pilot is ofthe exact size of the cutter, the reproduction will be as much smaller than the model as the amount of pilot movement necessary to actuate the valve. Thi amount will depend upon the valve adjustment and upon the angle of the cones and is of the order of five to fifteen thousandths of an inch. If the pilot is larger by more than this compensating amount, the reproduction will be as much larger than the model. If it is smaller, the work will be smaller.

In setting up the pattern and blank, if the size pressure liquid would be delivered back to the sump or reservoir 56. It will also be noted that of these requires changing the distance between centers of pilot and cutter, the pilot may be moved toward or away from the cutter by the means shown in Figures 2 and 4. By loosening screws I and 06 the arm 01 may be swung about the center of screw 14 and moved lengthwise so as to adjust the position of control 0 along the center line of bed I0 a number of inches either way from the position shown in Figure 1 in which arm 81 is at right angles to thesupporting arm The vertical adjustment of control C is accomplished by screw 14 and wheel 15 and should be such as to arrange the pilot and cutter at the same level or at such a different level as will correspond to their. difierence in dimension. The vertical adjustment of the bed I0 and the pieces A and B is'accomplished initially by the use of the hand wheel 23 and should be such that the cutter will just pass over the highest point of the blank.

With the pump 55 operating, pressure is developed in pipe 65 and, with the control valve I00 adjusted as above described, fluid will flow into cylinders 40 to raise the bed I0. This will continue until the pilot I20 contacts the pattern. When pressure is exerted on the pilot directly vertical, the valve I00 is of course moved upwardly to shut off communication between passages 92 and 93 and open it between passages 03 and 04. This immediately stops the flow into the cylinders 40 and allows outflow therefrom through pipe 95 to the tank 56. The same action occurs if the pressure on pilot I20 is applied laterally in any direction, as the clearance between the pilot shaft and, of course, any such action will result in an upward movement of the shaft because of the cones III and I26 and cones I04 and I25.

In those cases where the pilot engages a very steep upward slope, there may be enough drag downward to center the lower cones.

The feed of the work to the cutter may be The lateral pressure, however, will cause the valve I00 to be lifted by the action of the upper cones, the stem liquid is delivered to the cylinder 40 on the upper side of the piston H and that this low pressure side of the cylinder is constantly in communication through the low pressure piping 5| with the pump. This dispenses with the need for bleeds and provides a cushion efiect which would not be present were low pressure liquid not delivered to the upper end of the cylinder.

In the construction of the valve mechanism shown in Fig. 3 the arrangement is such that a lateral thrust delivered to the tracer spindle is resisted through the engagement of the conical flange I26 with the balls I20. This lateral thrust is, through these inclines I26 and III translated into a motion which carries the tracer spindle axially, the balls I28 rolling upwardly between the inclines, the flange I20 riding upwardly on the balls and the balls I20 riding upwardly on the incline III. This construction has proven quite sensitive to either an axial thrust or a lateral-thrust so that a ready and prompt response ofthe valve to these thrusts is present with a consequent ready response of the cutting tool to the movements of the spindle.

Now having described the invention and the preferred embodiment thereof, it is to be understood that said invention is to be limited, not to the specific details herein set forth, but only by the scope of the claims which follow.

What I claim is:

1. In a profiling machine having a pilot and fluid operated means for moving the work inresponse to movements of the pilot, fluid control means including a valve device connected to the pilot, said valve device comprising a cylindrical shell, fluid conduits leading thereinto, a valve' member in said shell and movable longitudinally therein to control fluid flow through said cone duits, an axially located stem extending from said valve member to the exterior of the shell and carrying the pilot, said stem having a conical flange inwardly adjacent the point where it automatic or by hand using the feed means cornmonly provided on milling cutters of the type indicated. Further, if at any time the operator may be dispensed with, allowing gravity to cause the downward movement.

It will be noted that in the construction set out the high pressure line is positively controlled. The high pressure liquid passes through the pipe. 60 into the housing, through the inlet port 920.. This high pressure liquid pipe 66 is never brought into communication with the drain port 041). On the high pressure line of the cylinder the liquid under high pressure is positively controlled and must flrst pass through the housing 90, pass through the port 02a and then outwardly through the port 93a into the pipe 50. Consequently, high pressure that this high there never is a bypassing oi the line through the housing 90, so

. said valve member to the exterior of the shell leaves the shell, a mating conical flange on said shell around the opening through which the stem extends, said flanges directed inwardly of the shell and limiting the' outward movement of the stem, and said shell flange being of such width as to permit lateral movement of the stem, a socket at the inner end of said stem and a projection on said: valve co-operating with said socket.

2. In a profiling machine having a pilot and fluid operated means for moving the work in response to movements of the pilot, fluid control means including a valve device connected to the pilot, said valve device comprising a cylindrical shell, fluid conduits leading thereinto,'a, valve member in said shell and movable longitudinally therein to control fluid flow through said conduits, an axially located stern extending from and carryin gthe pilot, said stem having a conical flange inwardly adjacent the point where it leaves the shell, a mating conical flange on said shell around the opening through which the stem extends, said flanges directed inwardly of'the shell and limiting the outward movement of the stem, and said shell flange being of such width as to permit lateral movement of the stem, a conical socket at the inner end of 'said stem, a conical projection on said valve cooperating with said socket, and antifriction means between the opposed faces of the conical elements.

scribed, a, valve housing: a valve in said housing slidable to various positions oi control; a resilient means for sliding said valve in one direction; a tracer spndle engageable at one end with said valve mechanism andmovable longitudinalb' of said housing: and cooperating conical means on said spindle and said housmg, bearing means interposed between said conical means for moving said spindle longitudinally in one direction upon delivery oi a lateral thrust to said spindie. r I

4; In a tracer mechanism of the class described,'a valve housing; a slidable valve; a reajaflaa', 3. In a tracer mechanism of the class de- M scribed, a tracer spindle; a valve housing having a slidable valvetherein: one end oi the spindle projecting inwardly-of said housing; a plurality of cooperating inclines associated with said. spindie and said housing, bearing means interposed between said inclines tor eif ecting longitudinal movement of the spindle upon delivery of a lateral thrust thereto for moving said valve in one direction; 'resilient means for moving said valve in the opposite direction, and adiustable means for adjusting the pressure oi said resilient means. 6. In a profiling machine, a stemfa shell into I I which one end of said stem projects, the opening through which said stem extends being suinciently large to, permit lateral movement of the stem; a valve member within said shell and oper- 1 'ably engaged by said stem; said stem having a conical flange, a mating conical flange on said shell adjacent the opening through which the stem extends, bearing means interposed between said flanges, whereby said stem is adapted to move longitudinally of said housing upon delivery of a lateral thrust thereto and thereby move I ,said valve, and fluid conduits controlled by said valve

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