USRE21021E - Vibration damper - Google Patents

Description

March 7, 1939.

A. J. ABoczz Re. 21,021

VIBRATION DAMPER 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

A. J. BOCZ VI BRAT I ON DAMPER March 7, 1939.

Original Filed July 30, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

l March` 7, 1939.

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'Reimed'Mse 7, 193s Re. 21,021

UNITED STATES PATENT 'OFFICE y VIBRATION DAMIEB Alexander J. Bocz, Detroit, Mich.

Original No. 1,886,246, dated November 1, 1932. Serial No. 209,460, July 30, 1927. Application for reissue June 14, 1937, Serial No. 148.192

4 Claims. (Cl. 'I4-574) My invention relates to a new and useful bal- Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line, 2-2, of ancer and silencer for engines, machines, appa- F18. 1- ratuses, etc. and is attached to a rotating part, Fig. 3 is a front elevation view of a modiedwhere the vibrating force or forces exist. form of the invention applied to the front end of It is an object of the present invention to proa crankshaft. 5 vide a device which counteracts the unbalanced Fig. 4` is a side elevational view oi the form force or forces set up in a revolving part or shaft Shown in Fig. 3 in Section. and to overcome the out of balance or the revolv- Fig. 5 is a front elevation view of another modiing part or shaft thus eliminating any vibration, fled form of the invention. 0 whether due to out oi balance or to the uneven Fig. 6 is a section view taken on line, 3 3, oi 10 forces delivered thereto or the resonance vibra- Fig. 5. Y

moles, it is most desirable to reduce said vibrain fragment, and another form of the invention tions to a minimum to permit the building of light, is applied therewcheap and durable cars, also for other industrial Fig. is a fragmentary view taken on line, purposes, and also to prolong life, cheapen manu- 5-5. 0f Fig. 9.

facturing and reduce operating noise of machines, Fig. 11 is a front elevational view oi a vfurther i0 apparatuses, etc. The various forces, which modified form 0f the invention.

cause the objectionable vibrations on the shaft Fig- 12 iS e Section View 0n line. 6 3. 0f F18- 11 or in a. revolving body are described in my Patent Fis. 13 is a front elevation view of a further 1,756,898 and my Canadian Patents #286,909, modified fOrm 0f the invention.

#290,681 and 302,883. Fig. 14 is a. sectional view taken online, 95

The present invention provides `a simple and 0f Fig. 13. sensitive means, which is effective in counter.- Fig. 15 is a front elevational view of a further balancing all the unbalanced forces as well as modified Olm 0f my invention. dampening all the vibrations. Tnerorces de- Fis. 161s a sectional view taken on line. .-8. scribed in my patents are counterbalanced by my 0f Fig. 15. i 30 devices as illustrated therein, and the present Fis. 17 is a front elevation view of another form invention has the advantage oi' being simple in 0f the inventionstructure, and is mounted on or between yieldable F18. 18 is a Sectional View taken 0n line, 9 9, -or elastic means; whose natural vibrations are 0f Fig. 17.

thus eliminated or reduced. My devices also em- In Fig. 1 .iS a yWheel COmpliSing en annuler 35 body the element-@ontrouw means, with which rim 50. secured by Suitable bolts Il passed element the patent to Wilcox 312,780, and pattherethrough to the faces of said rim 50. the relents to Morgan 379,022 and 427,103 will function temer 52, having the tongues 53. radiating outat any speed or all direction oi vibrations. Wardly therefrom- TheSe retainers are adapted The vibrationless mounting of my device conto engage iirxnly the segments 54, which are made 40 centrates almost all the forces on or between 0f Soft 01 medium rubber 0I' Cork. ete.

said controlled meang' to which the xible or These retainers are alternately oil'set as at 55 yieldablel disc or spokes are secured, on which and provided with pocket 56' in which the ses" disc or vspokes the balancingmass or masses are ments 54 are Secured tonmit the now of said a concentrically arranged, and during operation rubber The nm 5' segments u and the re' tainers 52 are assembled together. the entire mass of my device assumes its center part line due to the flexible or elastic mounting. The device is muuntd to a revolving on or betw l eans, or there is rovided a The\various modifications are shown with the sleeveg-l Isiig; gay 'be keyed to sm) part and adaptations of my natural vibrationless ilexible threaded on its pephery This sleeve has at 50 means. With these means I use mv invention in one end 5a a, tapered face on its inner side.l A the accompanying drawings. which ferm e Perf nut 59 is adapted for threading on the sleeve 51; 0f this Specification and in which. l this nut is also provided with a beveled inner iace Fig. 1 is a iront elevation view of one form o! 00. The said segments, retainers and ring are the invention. assembled and positioned on the sleeve in the tion; the so-called critical speed of vibration. Fig. 'l is a front elevational view of another- The vibration, resulting from unbalanced forces, modified form of the invention.

for instance, in an internal combustion en- Fig. 8 is a view taken on line, 4 4. of Fig. 7.

gine used for driving automobiles and other ve- Fig. 9 is a iront elevational viewfof an enine l5 manner shcwnin Fig. 2: a threading of the nut 59 will effect a clamping of said segments. This arrangement forces the segments firmly to engage radially the inner surface of said rim, and the flow of the rubber is'limited in all directions in said pockets.

A lock nut 9| is threaded on the sleeve l1 and serves to lock the nut 59 in its position. I have also provided a lock 92 which has a portion 92' angularly turned to engage notches 83 formed in thelock nut 9| and which also has an inwardly projected tongue 94 to engage in grooves 9| formed'in the sleeve l1.

In operation the rim I9 tends to stay in its plane of revolution, then the torque reaction tends to displace the centerline of the revolving part, either through whipping, twisting or bending the shaft or in any other way 'striving to move the device out of its plane of revolution. Since the rim is connected with yieldable connections, and said connections are attached to said shaft by yleldable means or by said sleeve. said segments respond to any or all forces, and the inertia of the rim I9 will oppose and neutralize said forces.

The assembled device is a exible ywheel, whose spokes are said segments, and the rim is mounted concentrically thereon, and the center portion of said segments either is secured by yieldable mounted means or said sleeve is attached to the revolving shaft or body. 'I'he inertia of the rim always resists any forces delivered to said segments or any displacement of the centerline of the revolving shaft or part to which it is attached.

This same arrangement is maintained through the various modifications which I have shown and illustrated in the drawings, and in those particular instances in which some special operation of the device is' eifected, attention willl be directed thereto.

In Figs. 3 and 4 'I have illustrated a modified form of my invention incorporated in a crankshaft. The balancing device is mounted on the front end of the crankshaft 98 and held in place by the starting Jaw nut 99, comprising; a fLvwheel 19 having slits 'Il in the web 12 to increase the flexibility of the vweb of said flywheel, and circular holes 19 are provided, so that the flexibility of said web is further increased and the parts of the rim 19 are secured to the outer yedge ofA In Fig. 4 is shown the center portion of said web secured by a collar 18 and bolts, rivetsor other means 18, to the fan pulley 11, which has an extending sleeve 18 provided with a key 19, for fastening to the crankshaft 69, or said web can be mounted on or between elastic means to said shaft.

In this structure, the web of said ywheel is the flexible spokes, to which the parts of said rim are attached, and during operation of this device, the inertia parts of said rim always resist the axial and radial displacements ofthe centerline of the revolving crankshaft, due to the flexibility of said web.

In the structure shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the flexible ywheel comprises, a rim 8| having a hub or sleeve 82 and at one end a flange 99 and the inside of the said flange provides pocket 8l, in

which the balls 8l are secured with a ring 89, which has also pockets 81. and the center portion oftheringisprovidedwithaholelltoslip over the threaded end of the hub 99, a lock washer '99 has portions 99' turned to engage the notches in the lock nut 9|, and'it has an inwardly projecting tongue 92 to connect a groove 99 formed in the hub I2. The balls 85 engage in anopening 94 formed in the saddle 95, the legs 98 and 91 of which embrace the spring leaves 98 through which bolts or notches are provided for securing the same to the saddle 95. The ends of the longest leaf of said springs engage the pins 99 which are secured on the rim 8|. Turning the nut 9|'on the threaded end of the sleeve 89 will force the balls 99 to clamp the springs 99 firmly with the pins 99; the rim 8|, and the sleeve 82 are now in an assembled position. Then the portion 99' is turned into one of the notches of the lock nut 9| preventing disengagement.

The assembled balancing device is a resilient flywheel, whose spokes are said springs, the center portion of said springs being secured by yieldable means to dampen and silence the resonance vibrations; or said sleeve is attached to vthe revolving shaft or body, and this device will function exactly as described in Figs. l and 2;

In Figs 7 and 8 I have illustrated a type of the balancing device 19 already described in Figs. 3 and 4 and now the flexible web 12 is attached to a tubular clamp -|9|, and inside oi' the tubular clamp |92 is lined with yieldable material blocks |99, whose ow is limited by said clamp, they being slipped over the hub or sleeve |94, said sleeve having ribs |95 to insure a permanent position for said blocks and tubular clamp on the sleeve |9I. 'I'he bolts |98 are projected'through the lugs |91,.which are formed on the Said clamp, and the nuts |98 are turned to set the required tension for clamping the yieldable blocks |93 to the sleeve |94; thus the flow of the rubber is limited through this arrangement. The said sleeve has a key-way 94' for attaching to a shaft.

By mounting the flexible vdevice on yieldable means thelresonance vibrations are diminished, and less weight is required to balance vibrations because the vibrating forces are concentrated on or to the yieldable blocks |93, whose flow is limited and whose mean radius is smaller than the mean radius of the assembled flexible flywheel. Thus all the resonance vibrations are eliminated, and any or all vibrating forces are concentrated to its plane of revolution of this device, and the said forces are opposed or neutralized or dampened or resisted by the inertia of this device.

In Figs. 9 and 10 I have illustrated an internal combustion engine having a timer housing 81. The selected ilywheel is described in Figs. 3 and 4, to it any balancing or dampening device can be applied to concentrate the mass of said device to a yieldable mounting on a revolving shaft or a bOdyf A fan pulley |99 is provided with a sleeve ||9 and it has a key-way to securesaid sleeve to the crankshaft ||2 by a key III.

'Ihe hole ||9 is lled with yieldable blocks III.

A convex collar H5 is smaller than said hole so I that the ow of the yieldable blocks is limited in said hole, and said collar has a large center opening ||9 through which thesleeve H9 is projected. 'lhe collar ||5 is provided with grooves in which the rollers are placed, and they partly project into the blocks IM.

'I'he center `portion of the web has a. large hole Il, and a portion I|8 which portion partly ernbraces the surface of the said convex collar. In Fig. 10 the fan pulley |99 has holes |29.v The web 12 has bosses |2I, in which the holes |22 are larger than the bolts |23, which bolts project therethrough between the blocks ||4, thus the natural vibration of said bolts are prevented. 'I'he nuts |24 and bolts |23 hold the device in an assembled position, which is shown in Fig. 10.

The assembled device requires less weight to 'overcome or balance the unbalanced forces in and circumferentially due to the rollers I|1, and

universally due to the convexity of the collar. Of course any or all the combined movements of this device are limited by yieldable means and said movements always oppose any vibrations regardless of their directions. d

The yleldable blocks ||4 are enclosed in a space to limit the ilow of said material in any direction tached to any revolving part.

and thus the yieldability of said material is preserved for the life of this device.

In Figs. l1 and 12 is a further modied form of my invention. 'Ihe web of the ilexible ywheel 10 is altered to suit the exible mounting, whose natural vibrations are being controlled; this is shown in Fig. 12.

The web 12 has bosses |21 and beads |23 to minimize the natural vibrations of said web, the bosses having large holes |29 for projecting the bolts |30 therethrough. The center portion of said web has a large hole |3| through which the sleeve |32 passes. The sleeve |32 has a pair of lugs |33 and |34, each of which has its inner face formed with a convex portion |35, which accommodates the beads |23. The arms |36 radiate outwardly from the sleeve and the bolts |30 are Y projected through the holes |31 in said arms.

One end of each of the springs |39 engage the bosses |21 and the other ends |39 of said springs engage the bushing |40 in order to guide and to square said springs against deflection; to increase the resistance of said springs some yieldable material can be inserted in their cores and the natural vibrations of said springs will be prevented. Each of said bushings is provided with a hole, through which the bolts |30 are slipped, and a iiange |42 insures a good bearing surface on a collar |43, which has holes for the bolts |30; its center also has a larger hole |45 for pressing the same on the sleeve |32.

' The ends o`f the said Vbolts have nuts |46 and lock washers |4| to adjust the proper tension on said springs. The parts are assembled with the` flexible flywheel 10, and the sleeve |32 has a key-way |44 through which this device is at- The rim or sections, which are attached to said 4 flexible web will balance the same vibrating forces as described in Figs. 3 and 4: and the mass of said ywheel will overcome the vibrations of the other end of said shaft through the use of the natln'al vibrationless resilient mounting.

The difference between the mean diameters of the mounting and the device permits the building of a lighter and much more sensitive device.

In Figs. 13 and 14 is shown a different type of my invention, and its mounting is shown in Fig. 14'. The rim |43 is formed integral with the ilexible web |43. This web contains several openma; the center opening |60 is iagger than the diameter of the sleeve |5|. which 'sleeve has a flange |52' and bosses |53. 'Ihey are provided with holes for the bolts |54'. The holes |55 are larger in the web than the diameter of said bolts. A cup |56 is pressedlnto each of the openings of said web; in these lcups one end of the springs |51 is secured against any displ'acement; the other end of said springs is located and guided squared by pins |56, which are pressed into a collar |59 which collar has holes |60 for the bolts |54, and said collar is slidable on the outer diameter of said sleeve and a key is used to prevent turning on the sleeve |5|.

By this method the springs are guided and squared against deflection and the center. of said springs are cored with yieldable material to prevent the natural vibrations of said springs.

'I'he inner surface of said ilange is provided with pockets |6| to locate the balls |62; they are engaged by projections |63 which are formed on the web |49.

'Ihe nuts |64 are turned to adjust the proper tension on the springs |51 and the device is assembled and shown in Fig. 14.

The sleeve |5| is' provided with a key-way to fasten the device on a shaft or body.

During operation the mass of this device is capable of moving axially, radially andA circumferentially; the weight of the rim takes care of only the movement for which it was built.

' In Figs. 15 and 16 is shown an entirely different type of my invention and the flexible flywheel is mounted between natural vibrationless flexible means as shown in Fig. 16.

The rim |49 is formed in one piece with the exible web |40. 'I'his web contains several holes; the center hole |50 is larger than the diameter of the sleeve |51' the small holes |65 are larger than the diameter of the bolts |66.

'I'he inside of the an'ge |61 is pro'vided with grooves |68 to engage the semi-ball ends of the saddle |69 and they have arms |10 to embrace the leaves of the springs |1| and they are kept together by any means.

'Ihe longer ends of the leaf springs |1|' are located on projections |12 formed on said web. The guiding and squaring pins |12 are pressed into the other side of said web, on which pins one end of each of the coil springs |14 is mounted, and their natural vibrations are prevented as previously described. The other end of each of said springs is located on the squaring and guiding pins |13, which are pressed into a collar |15 and said collar has holes |16 for the bolts |66 and the center portion |11 of said collars fits on the sleeve, which has key |16 to prevent the collar |15 from turning thereon.

Another Way is shown i. e. how to guide the springs against deection by curing with soft yieldable material to keep the end oi' the springs square with the centerline so that the natural vibrations oi said springs are prevented, and their resistance is greatly increased.

'I'he washers |19 and nuts |60 are on the bolts |16 as shown in Fig. 16 and by turning said nuts the proper tension is put on said ilexible means. The assembled device can beattached to a revolving part to overcome all vibrations therein,

1 whereby the inertia of the device is used, which inertia mass is concentrated to a mean diameter III. In the center part of said spacer is a large hole |81 through which the sleeve projects. The

bolts l pass through large holes Il in said Spacer.

The balls Illl are engaged in the grooves ill and are fastened in the flexible web 12. The center of this web has a large hole |93 through which the sleeve IBI is projected and the bosses ISI have larger holes |92 than the diameter of the bolts |88 which holes permit a play therebetween.

One end of each of the springs |02 located on said bosses'` and the other ends of said springs |94 are inserted in bushings |95 and each of said bushings is provided with a hole and flange |06; said flanges are connected to a collar |98, which collar has a large hole I to provide a clearance for the sleeve lai, and also holes are provided for said bolts in said collar.

'Ihe bolts I have lock washers 2 and nuts 20| at the ends thereof, and turning the nuts on ythe bolts puts the tension on the natural-vibration-less spring III, which method has been previously described.

During the operation the inertia masses of this device are variable, because the spacer has movements independent of the exible flywheel, which movements will displace the revolving centerline axially and radially of this device for counter-balancing the unbalanced forces; or the inertia masses of this device can be mounted on or between elastic means to a revolving shaft or body to eliminate all the resonance vibrations therewith as well as any or all vibrations in a revolving part because all the sectional inertia masses have independent axial and radial movements from each other.

Each of the various forms of my invention illustrated are believed to be practical and new as simple methods are used for overcoming the unbalanced forces and out-of-balance of any revolving part. and the resonance vibrations. which may exist in any revolving part of an engine, machine. etc., where it is desirable to reduce such vibrations.

In the claims it will be noted that forces are l exerted by a revolving part. These are due to the unbalanced forces in the shaft or part, and

osuchforcesareeliminatedorminimiaedor anon rotating yieldable or flexible mounting and flexible connections or a ilexible disc, whose natural l. A vibration damper for a shaft comprising an inner sleeve member adapted to be secured to said shaft. resilient means surrounding said sleeve, an outer sleeve supported by and limiting the dow of said resilient means, and a ilywheel structure attached to said outer sleeve. said structure consistingof a segmental inertia ring and flexible radial sections supporting the segments of said ringfor axial movement relative to each other and to said outer sleeve.

2. A vibration damper for a shaft comprising an inner .sleeve member adapted to be secured to said shaft, resilient means surrounding said sleeve. an outer sleeve supported by and limiting the ow of said resilientmeans, and a iiywheel structure attached to said outer sleeve, said structure consisting of a segmental inertia ring' and flexible radial sections supporting the segments of said ring for axial movement relative to each other and to said outer sleeve, said controlled resilient means limiting any displacement of said flywheel structure.

3. A vibration4 damper for a shaft comprising an inner sleeve member adapted to be secured to said shaft. resilient means surrounding said sleeve, an outer sleeve supported by and limiting the flow of said resilient means. and a divided flexible disc of a flywheel structure attached to said outer sleeve to dampen the natural vibration of said exible disc, and said structure consisting sleeve, an outer sleeve supported by and limiting the flow of said resilient means, and a divided flexible disc of a ywheel structure attached to said outer sleeveto dampen the natural vibration of said iiexible disc, and said structure conslsting oi' inertia rings and said exible disc supporting said rings'for axial movement relative to said outer sleeve, said controlled resilient means limiting any displacement of said flexible flywheel structure. ,t

a ALEXANDER J. BOCZ.

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