USRE20611E

USRE20611E - Machine for spreading and surfacing

Info

Publication number: USRE20611E
Authority: US
Publication date: 1938-01-04

Description

A.TN. NICKERSON Re- 20,611

MACHINE FOR SPREADING AND SURFACING ROAD MATERIAL Original Filed Aug. 4, 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Ira/W237 mid firm; W

Jan. 4, 1938. A. N. NICKERSON 20,611

MACHINE FOR SPREADING AND SURFACING ROAD MATERIAL Original Filed Aug. 4, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 4, 1938. A. N. NICKERSON 20,511

MACHINE FOR SPREADING' AND SURFACING ROAD MATERIAL Original Filed Aug. 4, 1933 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 J Af:-

7&6

72707 firm/a Jan. 4, 1938. A. N. NICKERISONI 20,511

MACHINE FOR SPREADING AND SURFACING ROAD MATERIAL Original Filed Aug. 4, 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 spread by it.

Reissuecl Jan. 4, 1938 25 Claim.

One object of my invention is to provide a machine adapted to spread a layer of road material having an even surface over a comparatively uneven base.

- ditions of road building, including means to compensate for the side thrust due to such regulation so that the machine will substantially follow in the track of the vehicle drawing it.

Other objects will appear as the following description proceeds.

Of the accompanying drawings forming a. part of this specification,

Figure 1 is a top plan view of a machine e'nibodving the invention.

Figure 2 shows in perspective a portion of one of the runners and a floating curb associated therewith to confine road -material at one side of the path oi the runner.

Figure 3 is a sideview of the machine. Figure 4 is a i'ragmental section on line 4-4 a of Figure 3.

Figure 4a is a view similar to a portion of I Figure 4 showing one f the runners slightly raised from its path.

Figure 5 is a section on line 5-5 of Figure 3 showing the leveling plow, and the means for adjusting it.

Figure 6 is a fragmental section on line 66 of Figure 3.

Figure 7 is a section on line 1-| of Figure 6. n

Figure 8 is a fragmental section on line 8! of Figure 1.

Figure 9 is a fragmental sectional view showing hopper.

Another object is to provide a machine adapted to regulate the width of a layer of road material to any desired degree to meet the difierent con- UNITED STAT-ES PATENT OFFICE MACHINE FOR SPREADING AND SURFACING ROAD MATERIAL Alma N. Nickel-son, Plymouth, Mass.

Original No. 1,970,391, dated August 14, 1934, Se- .rlal No. 683,635, August 4, 1933. Application for reissue November 11, 1935, Serial No.

Figure 1; is a perspective view of the contracting device shown by Figure 11.

Figure 13, is a i'ragmental perspective view showing a clevis attached to the hopper and constituting an element of means connecting the 5 machine with .a motor vehicle.

Figure 14 is a section on the plane indicated by line I-il| of Figure 13, showing a portion of a chain engaged with the clevis.

Figure 15 is a tragmental section on the plane 1 indicated by line I5i5 of Figure 8, showing a portion of the hopper, the gate, a portion of the plow, and gate operating means associated with the hopper, the gate being'closed.

Figure 16 is a view similar to Figure 15 showing 15 the gate opened.

Figure 17 is a sectional view showing the hopper gates removed from the hopper.

Figure 18 is a diagrammatic view showing a tractor connected with the machine, and i1lus- 2 trating' another phase of the spreading operation.

Figures 19 to 23 show a diflerent embodiment of the invention.

V The same reference characters indicate the 3;

same parts in all of the figures.

The machine includes a frame supported by elongated runners, and constructed to carry at its forward portion a transversely extending hop-- per designated as a whole by a, and behind the go hopper a screeding or strike-oi! member comprising an acute angled, vertically adjustable, leveling plow designated asa whole by b.

The frame is adjustable to vary the width of the machine and the distance between the run-' 36 ners.

Each runner is designated as a whole by c, and .is preferably channelled as shown by Figures 2 and 4, so that it includes a bottom 20 slidable on a rqad base 2! (Figure 4) and

side walls

22 and 23 4 upstanding from the bottom, the forward 'end of each runner having an upwardly inclined nose portion (Figure 2), permitting it to slide freely over uneven surfaces.

The frame may be of any, suitable construction, and in this instance includes two spaced apart angular beams called bridging beams attachecl'at their ends to the runners and bridging I the space therebetween. One of said beams is designated by g and the other by e, in Figures 1 and 3.

The bridging beams g and e are sectional and each is composed of angular end sections "(Figure 6), bolted 'at 21 to the end portions of the runners c, and a horizontal intermediate section I 29 connecting the angular sections and extending crosswise of the machine. The angular end sections are adjustable on the intermediate section 29 to vary the distance between the runners, and are secured at any adjustment by clamps 3|, which may be constructed as shown by Figure '1, or otherwise i The beam 9 extends across and above the leveling plow, and the beam e extends along the front side of the hopper, and is lower than the I beam d, as indicated by Figure 3.

The frame includes also longitudinal horizontal beams secured to the ends'of the hopper, (Figure 4), and to the ends of the fixed beamsections 28 (Figure 6). 7

The hopper a has a receiving mouth formed to receive road material discharged from a truck body to which the machine is coupled, preferably by chains 33 engaged with hooks 38 on the truck body and clevises d which are bolted -at to the ends of the hopper, or other suitable portions of the forward portion of the machine.

Each clevis is preferably a bracket formed as shown by Figures 13 and 14, said bracket including a base portion 34 and an arm portion 38 havinga slot i'l'formed to receive a chain link and stand'between and abut ends of two adjacent links, as indicated by Figure '14.

The hopper is relatively narrow and in its front and rear walls are steeply inclined. The front wall, best shown in Figure 8, extends to an elevation not too'high to permit dumping material from a truck into the hopper. The bottom edge of the front wall of thehopper terminates at an elevation above the subgrade greater than the thickness of material to be spread, so as to permit material to flow forward thereunder at its natural angle of repose and to permit aconsiderable portion of the weight of material within the hopper to be supported directly on the subgrade.

The hopper has at delivering outlet 39 (Figure 9) formed to permit a stream of'road material 4D to flow vertically upon a road base 2 l, and end openings of substantial size (Fi ures 3, 4 and 8) to permit streams of material to flow from the ends of the hopper as well as through the bottom outlet 35. Opposite each said end opening" is a plate mounted on and projecting upwardly from the adjacent runner (Figures3 and 4). These plates prevent material which is discharged through the end openingsof the hopper from flowing past or outside of the runners.

The hopperhas an inclined rear. wall containing a guiding recess 42 (Figure 8) in which an elongated gate 43 is slidable in an inclined path. One function of said gate is to determine the amount of material which flows back to the leveling plow;b, this function being illustrated by .qFigure 9. Another function of the gate 43 is illustrated by Figure 18, and will be describedin connection with said figure.

- The gate 43 is adjustable to vary its height by means, which as here shown, include screw threaded adjusting rods 44 engaged with ilxed The rods sockets 48 fixed to opposite ends of thegate 43, said gate being. therefore adjusted by endwise -movements cfthe rods 44. The position of the fgate43 determines the amount of material 40 which flows-back to the leveling plow b. If the lower end of the gate is higher above the road 1| base than the material-spreading bottom surface of the plow, there .will be a surplus of material which will increase the width of the layer spread by the plow. The gate is therefore a regulator of the total width of road surface spread ratherthan the depth of the layer. 1 l

The gate 43 is provided at its midlength portion with an outlet opening 48 (Figure 17), and

with oppositely movable supplemental gates 50 andil adapted to open and close said opening.

The supplemental gates 50, It constitute another element of means for preventing lateral movement of the machine, these gates being'operable by levers 56 and connecting rods 51 to quickly open and close the outlet opening 49 to any extent required to direct a greater or lesser amount of material to either side of the plow for laterally. The plow acts as a spreader and may be made of any desired shape'that will spread the material laterally. I have shown it as pointed and V-shaped, though it is not intended to limit the invention to such shaped spreader or to one with a pointed end, although that is the preferred form of spreader.

The two sides of the V-shaped plow diverge rearwardly, from the acute angled forward end. as shown by Figure 1, and are preferably provided with a V-shaped shoe constituting the leveling edge or surface of the plow. Said shoe. as shown by Figures 8 and 9, includes a flange portion 60 bolted at ii to the body of the plow, and a leveling portion 82 joined to the flange portion by a rounded nose portion 63. The leveling portion 62 has a bottom face of substantial width 'whichslopes downwardly and rearwardly at a small angle to the horizontal. The shoe thus formed is adapted to impart a smooth top surface to a layerof road material being spread, when said material is crushed stone, to cause flat indicated by Figure 9.

The plow b is vertically adjustable, so that the depth of a surfacing layer and the contour of the layer may be varied. To this end, I provide ltd-- justing means, preferably embodied in three screw, threaded adjusting rods 84 engaged with 'fixednuts 8| ,(Figure 5), and having ball-shaped lower ends 38 contained in sockets 61 fixed to the plow, one of the adjusting rods 64 being located near the apex of theplow, and the other two near the rear ends of the plow sides, as shown by Figure 1. The'flxed sockets are corresp'ondingly located, and the arrangement is such that the plow may be variously adjusted by rotating the rods. For example, the plow may be adjusted only by rotation of the-forward rod 64 to vary the inclination of the leveling surface or shoe of the plow, or by rotation of each of the rods, to raise or lower the plow to maintain its leveling surface at any desired height, and substantially parallel with the road bed. i The nut BI engaged with the forward adjusting rod 84 may be secured, as shown by Figure 8, to a a longitudinally extending supporting'bar or beam '88, forming a fixed element of the frame,

and the socket 81 engaged with'the forward rod may be secured to a cross-bar ll (Figures 1 and 8;) attached to the plow.

The nuts engaged with the two rear adiusting rods 64 may be attached to a fixed transverse frame member Ii (Figure 1), extending between,

and fixed to, the longitudinal frame members 80.

The plow b is formed and arranged to form a leveled area of predetermined width on material deposited on the road bed in the path of the plow by the hopper. Any excess material thus deposited is forced laterally by the plow outside said area, sometimes from both edges, and sometimes from only one edge of the area.

A second strike-off member shown in Figure 1 as an obtuse angled plow designated by j is located behind the acute angled leveling plow b, and is adjustable vertically so that it 'may stand with its lower edge slightly lower than that of the plow b, the object of the secondary plow being .to lightly scrape or finish the surface of the spread material. The secondary, or finishing including three screw threaded adjusting rods I I engaged with fixed nuts on the frame, and having hand wheels II and ball-shaped lower ends contained in sockets fixed to the secondary plow. Extensions ll may be pivoted at I to the side portions of the secondary plow and secured in different positions relatively thereto, by segments 85 fixed to said side portions, and perforated to receive locking pins engaging the side portions of the secondary plow.

The bottom, or outlet, of the hopper may be contracted by an independently formed wedgeshaped chute shown by Figures 11 and 12, to further vary the width of a layer of material spread by the machine. Said chute is composed plates 85 pivotally connected with each other at I, so that the width and taper of the chute may be varied as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 12. When-the chute is inserted in the hopper, its opposite edges bear on inclined portions of the chute walls, and contract the chute outlet so that material is allowed to escape through only one end portion of the outlet. as indicated by Figure The runners c are elongated andextend from the forward to the rear portion of the machine, and preferably from points near the truck without interfering therewith, to points abreast the rear ends. of the V-shaped plow b, as shown by Figure 1, so that they do not interfere with the distribution of the road material behind the plow. The runners therefore are formed to have elongated bearings on the road bed and adapted to bridge hollows between raised portions thereoLand glide over such raised portions, and effectively support the machine.

'Ihe inner sidewalls 22 of the channeled runnets are of a width greater than the predeter-.

mined depth of a layerof road material spread by'the machine, so that-their upper edges are spaced above" the road beda substantial distance, preferably about nine inches. As indicated by Figure they contact with the-road material ll in such manner that said material guides the runners in predetermined straight paths, and prevents side sway of the machine from a predetermined path. It will be seen, therefore, that the runners, characterized as above stated, per-' form the dual function of distributing the weight of the machine over an elongated road base portion and thereby guiding it unobstructedly and easily over inequalities in said portion, and preventing side sway of the machine. The runners are spaced apart so that they define-the opposite edges ofthe spread layer of material ll, said maaacn terial being forced by the spreading action of the plow directly against the inner sides of the run-.-

plow, may be adjusted by means like that above Figure described for adjusting the plow b, said means of two tapering or approximately wedge-shaped 11. The chute may be inserted in either end' portion of the hopper.

ners. The runners need not,- however, constitute the sole support of the machine. The surfacing machine may be connected to a truck by chains fastened to theforward end of the surfacing machine in such manner that as the truck moves forward, some lifting. actionis exerted on the surfacing machine; The lower'edges of the plow b ride on the spread material, tending to compress it, thereby carrying some of the weight of the machine. Supplemental means for preventing side slip of the machine may be provided by longitudinally extending thin plates or fins 53, there being a fin at each side of the iongitudinal center of the machine, as shown by Each fin is attached at its forward end to an arm 58 fixed to the rear wall of the hopper and at its rear end to an arm 54 fixed at 55 to a runner 0. These fins enter the material being spread, and each acts like the center board of a boat in minimizing lateral movement ofthe body to which it is attached.

It is seldom that a road is builtof such width that all of the material may be spread by one operation. I have found that itis practically impossible to spread any road material a distance oversixte'cn feet, regardless of the shape. of the plow, the weight of the machine, and the power used to draw it, for the simple reason that the road material is of such nature that its units do not move freely in a horizontal direction under pressure, but tend to build up to a considerable height within a limited area, without much spreading horizontally. The road must therefore be built by spreading two or more layers edge to edge. In many instances ,the spreading is done between road. shoulders base or bed; and secondly, that the spreading plow-be firmlyconnected with the runners and be immovable vertically and horizontally relative thereto when the machine is in operation. Any loose independent movement of either of these elements would cause inequalities in the ,finished surface. It will be seen that the plow and the runners of my machine arerigidly connected with each other, the plow being vert1- caily adjustable, and the runners being laterally adjustable, as described, to vary the space ,between them, the illustrated adjusting means permitting quick and convenient adjustment of the runners.

Quick adjustment of the runners is important because a road is usually gradually widened at a curve to a maximum width, and then gradual- -ly narrowed to the end of the curve. In practice I have found it impossible for truck drivers to keep their trucks in a predetermined straight liner The runners. of my machine characterized as described compensate .for this inability'an'd enable the operatorto keep the road material in acertain predetermined area even though the machine may depart froma predeterminedline.

To the inner side of each runner c is pivoted by a rod 88 fixed to the runner, a floating curb plate I! (Figures 1 and 2) which is permitted by a slot 80 to rise and fall edgewise and bear along its entire length on the road bed, even though the front-of the machine and the runners are lifted slightly from the road'bed by a fragment of the road material, as indicated by Figure 4a, thus preventing; any considerable number of fragments from being lodged under the runner and raising the entire machine including the levelling surface of the plow.

To the outer end of each runner is rigidly secured by bolts li a deflector plate 92 (Figures 1 and 2), having an oblique forward end portion 83 arranged to sweep fragments, dirt, and other obstacles from the path of the runner.

Another use of the machine is shown diagrammatically by'Figure 18 in which 94 designates material roughly piled or windrowed on the road bed. The machine is connected as by the chains 33 with a tractor 95, which travels over the-material 94. .The hopper space, open at its bottom, thus becomes an open bottomed receiver into which the material is first lifted by the lifting action of the inclined gate 43, and from which the lifted material is subsequently deposited on the road bed'by gravity to com-.

plete a layer previously formed, but not of sufflcient depth.

I provide a bottomless enclosure or receptacle at each side of the rear portion of the machine adapted to accumulate road material at the rear ends of the runners, drag the same forward over a layer of spread material and permit the dragged material to' drop into hollows which may be left in the surface of the layer, and stroke the dropped material leaving it flush with properly located portions-of said surface.

,The bottomless receptacles or drags shown by Figure l comprise outer wings 11 having forward ends connectedby hinges 8 9 with the rear ends of the runners, and inner strike-off members or wings I! having forward. ends connected! by hinges II with the frame atpoints adiacentthe rear ends of the plow, and rear ends coupled at 19 to the rear ends of the outer wings, preferably by bolts entering orifices in the wings, as shown by Figure I. Said wings have side faces perpen-,

dicular to the road base, and leveling lower edges spaced above said base, said edges being' designated by ll in Figure 3. The wings form bottomless receptacles open at their forward ends" and adapted to collect surplus material left in their path by the plow, and permit such material to drop into hollows in the surface. of the spread material. Said receptacles are also adapted to collect material from high places left on the lay- 'er and drop the same into hollows or low places.

Thebottomless receptacles or drags shown by Figures 19 to 23 comprise wings I! having for:

by hinges II with the frame at points adjacent the rear ends of the leveling plow b, and rear endscoupled to the rear ends of the outer wings I! by loose coupling means, includingin this inabove said base, and form bottomless angular receptacles adapted to function like the receptacles first described.

The receptacles formed by the

wings

98 and 88 are simultaneously and bodily adjustable laterally to vary the obliquity of their side faces, and the distribution by the receptacles of material collected thereby, the adjustability being such that the receptacle may cause simultaneous I engaged with the midle ngth portion of the rod to move the latter endwise, the engagement being preferably'effected by a stud I01 fixed to the rod, and extending through a slot I08 in the lever.

Detent members are provided to confine the. I

lever in any position to which it is movable. Said members preferably include a sector I09 fixed to the frame, and having an'arcuate row of holes, either of which may receive a pin I I engaged with the lever.

It will now be seen that the bottomless recentalcles maybe bodily moved to the positions shown by Figure 19,- to add equal quantities of .leveled material to each edge of the area leveled by the plow, and to the positions shown by Figure 21 to add'more leveled material to one edge of said area than to the opposite edge. An operator walking behind the machine manipulates the lever I" to bodily move the receptacles, and cause such distribution as may be required by different conditions. For example, the material base, asshown by Figure 21.

The bottomless receptacles outside the spaced apart rear ends ofthe plow are important elements of the machine, enabling the road material to be uniformly surfaced regardless of varying conditions of the road bed, said receptacles being adapted to carry along excess road material and drop enough of it to fill low places in the roadand to receive and remove excess material from high places. The bottomless receptacles are ing demand for material to compensate for these irregularities. If the regulating plate 43 on the back side of the hopper a be raised to permit. a

- discharge of more material than" is required. there will be a spillage. at the rear ends of the plow be taken care of by hand. Said bottomlessreceptacles are adapted to carry along excess material to provide for low places, no hand labor being required. a

The rear ends of the spreading plow are arranged to carry the road material outside the rear ends of the runners. This is necessary in road work, because curb stones and such removable objects are often put in place before the application of the surfacing material.

My machine, characterized as above, provides means for spreading under various-conditions, for example, when it is desired to spread a narrow strip of material beside another strip previously 60 b which, without the bottomless receptacles must already described, a very desirable effect.

will also be noted that the lower or scraping edges spread. It will be seen that a runner ,0 overlapping on a first spread or layer of road material is adapted to cut its way to the road bed through the loose material, and, while operating in this manner, material will be placed in the additional width, and any imperfection caused by the driving of truck wheels over the previously spread stone will be ironed out in the natural course of events. The groove made by a runner c in the loose road material will be closed up and. ironed out by the corresponding bottomless receptacle.

In view of the fact that the width of the supporting frame and the distance between the runners are variable as already described, I make the connecting rod I03 telescopic so that its length may be varied. Saidrod may be composed of two end sections Ill and intermediate sections Ill, (Figure 20). The lever I I! is connected by the stud I01 with the intermediate section, and orifices 5 are formed in the end sections receiving bolts H6 adjustably connecting the end sections with theintermediate section.

It will now be seen that the machine is capable of spreading a smooth surfaced layer on a somewhat uneven base; the relatively long channelled runners being adapted to bridge depres-' sions in the base, so that the bottom-of the layer conforms to such depressions, and its top is smoothly finished.

The channelled runners, as already stated, are adapted to retain within definite limits, material spilled from a truck. 7 1

The means provided for preventing side slip, or lateral deviation, of the machine from the desired path or course, and the various other fea tures of the machine, imparting thereto the de scribed advantages, are important factors.

It will be noted that the spreading edges 62 of the spreading plow b are slanted downwardly toward the road surface as indicated by Figures 8 and 9, so that in the case of stone or other fragmentary material said edges have a tendency to turn the flat sides of fragments upward,

of the wings constituting the bottomless receptacles are arranged to extend this turning action on fragments in their paths. The result "is that in the case of both hot and cold mixtures which include sticky substances such as tar or asphalt, the surface fragments are held to the surface of the spread road material by the pressure exerted by the spreading edges of the plow b and by the scraping edges of said wings, and there held in place while said edges are passing over the material.

I claim:

1. A road surfacing machine comprising incombination two elongated parallel runners, a hopper between the runners. the hopper being adapted to receive material to be spread and deliver it between the runners, the runners extending rearwardlypf the bonnet and restraining the to each other and to the rear ends of the runners and the plow, said receptacles being open at their forward ends and formed and arranged to receive and carry. forward surplus material spread by-the plow, drop the same into hollows in the spread surface behind the plow, and level the dropped material, means connecting said receptacles with each other, and means for confining said receptacles in predetermined positions relative to each other.-

3. A road surfacing machine as specified by claim 1, comprising also bottomless receptacles composed of scraping wings pivotally connected to each other and to the rear ends of the runhers and the plow, said receptacles being open at their forward ends and formed andarranged to receive and carry forward surplus material spread by the plow, drop the same into hollows in the spread surface behind the plow, and level the dropped material, means connecting said receptacles with each other, and means for confining said scraping wings in predetermined positions relative to each other, said confining means being organized to laterally adjust said scraping wings so that either bottomless receptacle formed thereby may project laterally outward from the runner and the plow side with which it is associated to cause the .material by a V-shaped'shoe including a rounded outer portion and a sloping'fiange portion joined to, and extending rearwardly therefrom, said shoe being formed to impart a smooth surface to the material being spread, and turn upward flat surfaces of stone fragments to impart a mosaic effect to the road surface.

5. A road surfacing machine as specified by. claim 1, comprising also a supporting frame mounted on the runners, and plow-adJusting means supported by the frame and connecting the plow therewith, said adjusting means including an element independently connecting the apex portion of the plow with the frame, and two elements independently connecting the rear end portions of the plow with the frame, each of said elements including a screw threaded rod engaged with a fixed nut on the frame and hava ing a ball-shaped end, and a socket fixed to the plow and receiving said ball-shaped end.

6. A road surfacing machine as specified by claim 1, comprising also means for adjusting the distance between the runners.

7. A' road surfacing machine as specified by claim 1, comprising also an adjustable gate for the hopper for regulating the quantity of material spread by the hopper, a frame mounted on the runners, the plow being formed and arranged to form aleveled area of predetermined width on material deposited in the path of the plow by the hopper, the machine comprising also means for distributing and leveling surplus material forced by the plow outside the leveled area, said means being embodied in outer wings having forward ends hinged to the runners, and innet wings having forward ends hinged to the rear end portion ofthe plow, and rear ends coupled to the rear end of the outer. wings, said wings having side faces perpendicular to the road base and leveling lower edges spaced above said base, the wings forming angular bottomless receptacles open at their forward ends and adapted to collect and drop surplus material.

8. A road surfacing machine as specified by claim 1, comprising also an adjustable gate .for the hopper for regulating the quantity of material spread by the hopper, a frame mounted on therunners, the plow being formed and arranged to form a leveledarea of predetermined width on material deposited. in the path of the plow by the hopper, the machine comprising also means for distributing and leveling surplus material forced by the plow outside the leveled area, said means being embodied in outer wings having forward ends hinged to the runners,'and inner wings having forward ends hinged to the plow adjacent the rear ends thereof and rear ends coupled to the rear end of the outer wings, said wings having side faces perpendicular to the road base and levelinglower edges spaced above said base, the wings forming angular bottomless receptacles open at the forward ends and adapted to collect and drop surplus materialfsaid means including also a connecting rod pivoted to ande'xteriding between the inner wings of the receptacles, a hand lever pivoted to the frame and engaged'with the mid length portion of said rod to move the latterendwise, and detent mambers adapted to confine the lever in any position to. which itfl is movable, the rear ends "of the wings of each receptacle beingloo'selycoupled togetheri 9. A road surfacing machine as specified by claim 1, comprising also an adjustable gate for the hopper for regulating the quantity of material spread by the hopper, a frame moun'tedon the runners, and an obtuse angled scraping or finishing plow supported by the frame behind the leveling plow, means being provided for maintaining the lower edge of the finishing plow lower than that of the leveling plow.

10. A road surfacing machine as.specified by claim 1, comprising also an adjustable gate for 'the hopper for regulating the quantity of material spread by the hopper, a frame mounted on the runners, an obtuse angled scraping or finishing plow supported by the 'frame behind the leveling plow, means being provided for maintaining the lower edge of the finishing plow lower than thatof the leveling plow, the scraping plow being provided with swinging extensions and with means for maintaining said extensions in any positions to which theymay be swung.

11. A road surfacing machine as specified by claim 1, comprising also an adjustable gate for the'hopper for regulating the quantity of material spread by the hopper, a frame mounted on the rlmners, an obtuse angled scraping or finishing plow supported by the frame behind the leveling plow, means being provided for maintaining the lower edge of the finishing plow lower than that of the leveling plow, said runners being provided with inner side walls perpendicular to a road base, and with floating curbs pivotally connected with said walls and adapted to bear constantly on the road base.

2. A road surfacing machine as specified by claim 1, comprising also an adjustable gate for the hopper for regulating the quantity of material spread by the hopper, a frame mounted on the runners, an obtuse angled scraping or finishing plow supported by the frame behind the leveling plow, means being provided for maintaining the lower edge of the finishing plow lower than that of the leveling plow, said runners being provided with upwardly projecting outer side walls and outer longitudinal edges. I

claim. 1, comprising also an approximately wedgeshaped chute loosely insertable inthe hopper and formed to contract the outlet thereof and direct road material toward an end portion of said outlet, the chute being reversible so that the material .may be directed towardeither end portion of the outlet, said chute being composed of two approximately wedge-shaped plates pivotaily connected at their midlength portions, and adapted to be adjusted relative to each other to vary the width of their opposite ends and the inclination of their 15. A road surfacing machine as specified by claim 1, comprising side sway opposing longitudinal' fins supported by the machine at oppositesidesof the longitudinal center thereof and between the runners, said fins having opposite side faces perpendicular to a road base, the side faces of said fins being arranged to contact with and be guided hopper.

16. A road surfacing machine as specified by claim 1, comprising also means associated with the vhopper for selectively directing material delivered thereby toward either side of the apex of the plowQ f j 1'7. A road surfacing machine asspecified by claim 1, 'saidhopper havingan inclined rear wall partly defining the discharging outlet of the hopper, an inclined adjustable gate" guided by the said rear wall, and movable in an inclined path into and out of said outlet, and means for pair of supplemental gates independently movable in opposite directions in said opening to per-' mit side sway opposing discharge of material 'at either side of the path of said plow, means being provided for independently moving said supplemental gates.

18. A road surfacing'machine comprising in combination two elongated parallel runners, a.

' hopper between therunners, the hopper being adapted to receive material to be spread and deliver it between the runners, -the runners extending rearwardly of the hopper and restraining the I sidewlse spread of the material discharged from the hopper as the machine is moved forward on a road bed, means for regulating the discharge of material from the hopper, means adjustable lateraliy relative to the runners for laterally spread- .ingmaterial behind the hopper to a greater width than the length of the hopper, and means for adjusting the distance between the runners.

by road material delivered by the i 19. A roadsurfacing machine comprising, in combination, two elongated parallel runners; a frame supported on the runners, a hopper of less length than the distance between the runners supported on the frame, means for regulating the discharge of material from" the hopper bottom to the roadbed as the machine is moved forward, ad-

iustable spreader meanssuppo'rted on the frame at an interval behind the hopper for spreading surplus material from. the hopper toward the runners, said runners extending rearwardly. in contact with spread material a sumcient distance to prevent sidewise sway of the machine due to uneven spreading action on opposite sides of said plow.

-20. A road surfacing machine comprising in combination elongated parallel runners, a horizontal elevated frame supported on said runners, a hopper and a plow supported by said frame between said'runners, and means for adjusting each of said runners 21 A road surfacing machine comprising'in combinationelongated parallel runners, a hori-' zontal elevated frame supported on said runners, a hopper and a plow supported by said frame between said runners, means for adjusting said runners laterally with respect to the frame, and wing extensions hinged to the ends of said plow and adjustable to vary the effective width of the plow.

22. In a road surfacing machine, a hopper,

means for regulating the discharge of material from said hopper, a strike ofl member behind said hopper 'andspaced therefrom and having a bottom shoe with a V section, said shoe having a laterally with respect to theframe; 4

bottom face of substantialwidth contact with the road'materiainndfslopirigdown- I wardly and rearwardly at small angle to the horizontal so as to impart'a' smooth surface tothe material being spread.

.23.,A road surfacing machine comprising a' frame,-ahopper mounted on saidrsframe, means for" regulating .the discharge of material from said hopper, a leveling plow secured to said frame behind said hopper, and an obtuse angled scraping 'oriinishing plow supported by said frame behind the leveling plow, means being provided for maintaining the lower edge or the finishing plow lower than the leveling plow.

24. Aroad surfacing machine comprising an elongated hopper, a pair of parallel runners extending rearwardly from said hopper outside the ends thereof and adjustable laterallyaway from the ends of the hopper, means including said runners for preventing side sway of said machine,

, said means also including a substantial opening in each end of said hopper anda plate projecting upward from each runner opposite the opening in the adjacent end of thehopper, and leveling means behind the hopper for spreading material discharged therefrom.

25. In a road surfacing machine,. a strikeoii. member mounted at an oblique angle tothe direction of travel of the machine, said member having a bottom face of substantial width di- .rectly engaging the road material and sloping downwardly and rearwardly at a small angle to the horizontal, an upstanding front face, and a rounded surface connecting said faces.

ALMA N. mcxnnson.