USRE19598E - furrer - Google Patents

Description

Original Filed April 20, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 A33 /35 r4 TTO/P/VE X June 4, 1935. s. s. FL JRRER 19593 DISK HARROW Original Filed April 20, 1929 5 Sheeizs-Sheet 2- 35 3a 9 v Z June 4, 1935. s. s. FURRER Re. 19,598

DISK HARROW Original Filed April 20, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Jamuc/ s5. Raver 8. S. FURRER June 4, 1935.

DISK HARROW 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Original Filed April 20, 1929 Jun 4, 1935. s. s. FURRER Y Re. 19,598

DI SK HARROW' Original Filec i April 20, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 //V VENT 0E: jomue/ J a Reissued June 4, 1935 Re.,l9, 598

DISK HARROW Samuel S. Furrer, Oxnard, Calii'., assignor to Brenneis' Manufacturing Company,

Oxnard,

Calif., a corporation of California Original No. 1,861,741, dated June 7, 1932, Serial No. 356,832, April 20, 1929. Application for reissue March 19, 1935, Serial No. 11,897

15 Claims.

My invention relates to disk harrows and more particularly to a novel harrow of the two-gang type, such as is shown in my Letters Patent Number 1,781,171, granted November 11, 1930, of which this application is a continuation in part.

In the cultivating of orchards with disk harrows it has been found difficult to cultivate underneath trees having .foliage which extends close to the ground because the harrows in use at present follow directly after the tractor by which they are drawn It thus becomes necessary for the tractor topass close to the trunk of the tree under which it is desired to work the ground and the tractor is of such height that the foliage of the tree is frequently damaged.

It is one of the principal objects of my invention to provide a harrow which is of relatively low height and which is adapted to work ground in a path which extends to one side of the path of the tractor which draws the harrow. With a harrow of this type the ground may be worked beneath low hanging foliage without the necessity of thrusting the foliage aside by the passage of the tractor therebeneath, and consequently the danger of damaging the foliage is practically eliminated.

In most of the disk harrows as previously made, a front gang element and a rear gang element are connected together and drawn by a tractor in such a manner that a relative movement between the tractor and a portion of one of the front or rear gang elements will cause the shifting of these elements relative to each other so that row a considerable distance which makes the handling of such'a harrow in a small space a very awkward matter.

It is a further object of my invention to provide a two-gang harrow in which the gangs may be shifted relative to each other between working and non-working positions by a comparatively short movement of the tractor.

It is a still further object of my invention to provide a two-gang harrow which may be easily controlled so that it will either trail behind the gage the earth equally throughout its length when the harrow is in working position.

Another feature of harrows as made at present which prevents their being used for cultivating beneath low hanging foliage in an orchard is the presence upon the harrow of levers or other parts which extend upward from the harrow on portions of the harrow which might otherwise pass easily beneath saidv foliage., It is therefore an object of my invention to provide a disk harrow which is adapted for cultivating beneath low hanging foliage in an orchard and which is free from members extending above the disks of the harrow excepting at the side of the harrow which is disposed away from the trees under which the harrow is adapted to cultivate.

Further objects and advantages will be made manifest in the following description and in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a plan view of a preferred embodiment of the harrow of my invention in a nonworking position. I

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 and shows the harrow in a working position.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Figs. 1 and 2 and shows the harrow in a different working position from that in which it is shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a side elevational view of theharrow and'is taken in the direction of the arrow 4 of Fig. 5 is a front view of a detail along the line 55 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1. n

Fig. '7 is a fragmentary perspective view of portions of the framework of the harrow in which the connection between the front gang and inter-gang yoke is more clearly illustrated.

-Figs. 8 to 11 inclusive are diagrammatic plan views illustrating the various positions in which the harrow of my invention may be drawn by a tractor.

Referring to the drawings in detail, a harrow l5, as shown in Fig: 1, includes a rear gang IS, a front gang [1, an inter-gang yoke l8, and a draft yoke l9.

The rear gang I6 includes two series of gangs .of disks 22 mounted upon axles 23 which are journalled in bearing blocks 21 held on a main frame bar 25. The main frame bar 25 is bent to form a transverse bar 26 and side bars 21 and 28. The rearmost portions 29 and 30 of the side bars 21 and 28 are twisted into horizontal position and provide ends for a rectangular box-like frame 3| which includes transverse angle irons 33 and 34 which connect the side bar portions 29 and 36. Intermediate bars 35 are connected, as by spot welding or riveting, to the central bearing blocks 24 and at their forward ends 36 '5 to a transverse stiffening member 41 held to the side bars 21 and 26 by rivets 44.

The intermediate bars 35 are twisted at their rear ends to form horizontal portions 31 which are attached td'the transverse angleirons 33 and 34 intermediate their ends. The frame 3| may,

be suitably braced by diagonal strips 33.. i V

The main frame bar 25, the member 41, bars 33, 34, and 35 comprise a rear gang control frame 46, the portions of'the side bars 21 and 26 extending beyond the connections of member 41 therewith being bent to form side bars 45 for the transverse bar 26, and bar 26 and member 41 are braced by an 5 bar 56 adapted to be connected at itsnodes with bar 26 and member 41 by rivets or other suitable means.

A's particularly illustrated in Figs. 1 and 5, the 8 bar 56 is held to bar 26 by a bracket 32 having a plurality of adjusting holes 46 therein to co-act with similar holesin the bar 26, whereby the bracket may, be laterally moved with respect to the bar 26 by removing and changing the position of bolts 36. The bracket 32 is constructed to have a vertical hole 5| therein for a purpose to be later described, and the center of the hole 5| is disposed close to the fore and aft central axis A-A of the rear gang I6. An arm 52 is welded or bolted to one of the side bars 45 and preferably extends outwardly beyond the outermost of the disks 22 of the rear gang I6 to pivotally hold mechanism to be later described.

The front gang," has two series of gangs of disks 66 mounted upon axles 6I which are journalled in bearing blocks 62 which are held by I fore and aft bars 65. The rear end portions 61 of bars 65 are twisted to lie in a horizontal plane and are connected by transverse angle irons 66 and diagonal members 66 to form a frame 16,

substantially identical with the frame 3| of the rear gang I6, each frame being fashioned at its rear end to form a weight box. The extreme forward ends of the bars 65 are bent to lie in a, horizontal plane and are connected by rivets 15 to upper and lower forward transverse bars 16.

The connection'between the frames 3| and 16 includes an inter-gang yoke I6 comprising upper and lower guide bars 32 of the same size and shape, each being bent to form long and. short legs 66 and 61 connected by a curved portion 86. The included angledaetween the long leg 66 and the bar 26 is substantially equal to the maximum angle to which the rear gang I6 is angled when in working position, and the bars 62 are held in spaced relation by a tube-and-rivet spacer element 96, the distance therebetween being such as to permit entry of bar 26 and the bracket 32 between the upper-and lower guide bars 62.

The upper guide bar 62 is bent down at each end and bracket straps 86 are secured tightly at one end between the guide bars 62 by a tight bolt 11, the other. ends of the straps 66 being pivotally'secured to drop members 16 bolted to the outside fore and aft bars 65 of the frontceive a bolt which passes through both the guide bars 62 and the vertical bore 5| of the bracket 32. The bolt 95 has a bushing surrounding its shank within the bore 5|, so that the bolt 65 may be tightened and still permit. horizontal movement of the rear frame'3l.

The pivot bolts 64 are-likewise hushed to permit a relative flexibility between the front and rear gangs I1 and I6.

It will thus be seen that the rear and front gangs I6 and I1 may be moved pivotally relative to each other about the bolt 65 and the bolts '64, but-the inter-gang yoke I3 prevents any great the horizontal bolts 64 which is desired when.

passing over obstructions to prevent twisting of the frame members, ,the draft from the front frame 16 to the rear frame 3| being applied through the bolts 84 and 95.

The draft yoke includes a main draft link I66 and a lateral brace I6 I which latter is adjustable in length. A plate I62 is formed by turning out the forward end of the drop member 18 and supports a threaded stud I63 which is bushed to receive and horizontally pivotally hold the innerend of the link I66 by means of a nut I64. A pair of draft link guide bars I66 are held in spaced relation by suitable tube and bolt spacers I61, the lowermost of the bars I66 being suitably fastened, as by welding, to the uppermost of the transverse bars 16 of the front frame 16, the link I 66 being held between the bars I66 to permit horizontal movement thereof between'the spacer held in spaced relation thereto by tube and bolt.

spacer members II4.

-The plates H6 and III extend towards the fore and aft central axis B-B and have holes I3| to receive a pivot bolt- I I5 forsupporting the forward end of a bar 6 forming part of the.

brace I6I, andin this manner the brace I6I may be pivotally held on the main draft link I66, as described inmy aforesaid Letters Patent, but a preferred method of attaching the bar H6 to the draft yoke l3 to give a new mode of operation will be herein set forth.

- The bar 6 is provided with a plurality of holes 1 through which it is adjustably connected by bolts H6 to. a bar II9 having a plurality of holes I26, the two joined bars forming the brace IN, and the rear end of the bar H6 being disposed between the bars 16 of the front frame 16 and pivotally secured therebetween by a bolt I2I which passes through suitable apertures in the bars 16 and H6.

The body plate III is divided. into two portions to provide a central slot I65 formed by vertical lugs I22 on the bases II3 spaced by a plurality of tube and bolt members I66, on one of connected at one'end to a adapted to tractor I10, as illustrated in One end of the lever pawl H2 is formed of two members I30 spaced by tube and bolt members I23 en one of which is held one end of a tension spring I30, the other end of the spring I30 being fastened to one of the members I03 within the slot I05. The lever pawl H2 includes members I38, a solid portion I24 fulcrumed at the bolt I09, and a solid portion I25 having an oriflce I26 at its opposite end. The portion I24 is be held in engagement with depressions I21 of a toothed ratchet member I28 rigidly fastened to a sliding draft link I50 by the tension of the spring I30, which tension may be removed by pulling on a cord I40 fastened in the orifice I25 and exercised by the driver of a tractor, to which the harrowl5 is attached, from'his seat thereon.

The sliding draft link I50 is adapted to lie upon the upper face of the forward portion of the main draft link I so that the forward end of the link I50 extends between the draft'link I00 and the bases II3, the ratchet member I20 extending through the slot I below the bolts I09.-

A loop I23, comprising a piece of metal bent to form upper and lower portions of equal size, is bolted to the forward end of the sliding link I50 by bolts I32 and has extensions thereon apertured to receive the bolt I I5 and pivotally support the brace ml in a preferred position.

The loop I29 is connected to a clevis -I33 by a pivot bolt I34, to the end that a bolt may pass through the holes I35 and thus connect the im-' plement to the draw-bar of a tractor, the bolt in holes I35 and the .bolt I34 thus providing a uni-. versal joint movement.

A sliding link guide member I36 has a lower. plate I31 welded to the main draft link I00 and has an upper arched member I33 connected thereto by tube and bolt spacer members I for the purpose of holding the links I00 and I50 in alignment.

A second guide member I55 is provided atthe rear end of the link I50 to maintain the links I00 and I50 in alignment and also to provide a'connection to the rear gang I5. This is accomplished by welding a plate I40 to the sliding draft link I50 on its upper face and suitably'fastening plate I42 below the draftlink I 00 and plate I43 above plate I40 by tube and bolt spacer members I44, a central bolt I41 being adapted to extend through plates I43 and I43 and hold a. bracket I45 forpivotal movement thereon in a horizontal plane. H

The guide members I35 and I55 and the slot I05 provide that free sliding movement between the links I00 and I50 is assured in a relatively fixed position.

' An angling bar I53 is adapted to be pivotally bracket I45 by a'bolt I45, the bar I63 being bent to clear frames 3| and 10, and has its rear end bent inwardly to form a foot I55 resting on the arm 52 fastened to the side bar 46 of the rear frame 3|, and pivotaily connected. thereto by a bolt I01.

The operation of my disk harrow is as follows: when theparts of the harrow I5, are assembled as shown in Fig. 1, the harrow is connected by a pin through holes Fig. 10. The-harrow is then in a lateral, or offset; non-working. position L. The path of the tractor I is indicated by the letter C in Figs. 8 to 11 inclusive.

I1 are substantially paral The two gangs I5 and I35 to the draw-bar of a le] and follow a path D, when drawn in position L-, which is approximately the central fore and aft axis of the'harrow I5 as a whole, and which is considerably to one side of the tractor path C. In this position the disks .22 of the rear gang I5 will ordinarily follow in the tracks of the disks 500i thefront gang I1, but, according to the adjustment of the bracket 32 as shown in Fig. 1, may be a little to one side for a reason to be presently explained.

Upon advancement of the tractor I10, harrow I5 will follow on the path tractor being applied through the yoke l9, frame 10, pivots' 84, and the inter-gang yoke I8 to the rear frame 3| through the pivot 95.'

It should be particularly noted that the pivot 95 is close to the central fore and aft axis of the harrow as a whole but is much closer to the axles '23 of the rear gang I6 than to the axles 5| of the front gang I1. This latter position is especially desirable in order to pull the gangs into correct working relation and the former position from the pivot 35 to 46,|so that 9.

provides a long lever arm, the pivot I61 through the frame minimum draft is required to pull and hold the rear frame in working angle.

The length of such lever armisfapproximately one-half the length of the rear frame 46 transversely of its central fore and aft axis.

By additionally referring to Fig. 6 it will be seen that, the pull of .the tractor I10 being applied to the front frame 10 through the sliding link I50 and the main draft link I00, the position of the portion I24 of the lever pawl I I2 with respect to the grooves I21 and ridges'forming the toothed ratchet I28 is such that the sliding link I50 is locked against forward movement, due to the relative positions of the fulcrum pin I03 and the first groove I21, enforced by thespring I30.

Due to the same relative positions the -harrow the rear frame 3I' is in touch 30, and the thrust of the through the angling bar 163 main- In other words, with this tractor I10 tains such parallelism.

setting of thedraft yoke I9, the gangs, of the D, the draft of the '40 may now be backed in parallel position inasmuch I .as the bar 25 of v with the stop member on continued forward motion of the tractor I10,

the operator from his seat on the tractor will pull the cord I40, whereby the portion I24, due to its rounded end fitting grooves I21 more or less, will be easily released from the release permits the forward motionof the tractor rear gang I5, and to the front gang simultaneously by the forward movement of brace IOI with the sliding link I until the gangs reach the desired working angle, whereupon the cord I40. is released and the portion I24 of the lever pawl II2 drops into a groove m of the ratchet m and is locked there during forward motion of the tractor. As soon as the gangs are thus locked in forward motion, the harrow I5 as a whole swings in offset position entirely outside of the outside edge of the tractor wheels and remains in such working position.

In this manner, a preferred mode of operation not only angles the gangs simultaneously but causes the harrow'to assume its offset position.

While the forces which cause this double function are not fully understood, the result is highly desirable. inasmuch as the harrow I5 may cultiratchet I25. Thisqws to be applied through the angling bar I03 to the vate under low hanging branches of trees while the tractor continues down the center of a row of such trees and, furthermore, the full-width of the harrow I5 is free to cultivate in sofl which is not packed by the weight of the tractor to any de ree.

It is believed that ,the thrust of the soil against the disks of the rear gang I6 when the same is first angled causes such offsetting, because such may be partially regulated by the position in which the sliding link I50 is locked and in consequence-varying the working angle of the rear gang I6, but in any event there may be other causes in obtaining the known results.

In many orchards, and particularly in orange orchards, the branches and foliage of the trees are allowed to grow close to the ground and great difficulty has been hitherto encountered in the effort to cultivate the ground close up to the trees without damaging the lower foliage of the trees. In Fig. 11 a tree is indicated by the broken line I15, this tree having a trunk I16. When the gangs of my harrow are in the working position L, the disks thereof sink into theground and the axle and frame portions of the gangs are disposed very close to the surface of the ground. There being no superstructure which rises above the disks except along the edge of the harrow near-.

est theltractor, the harrow is thus able to pass under the edge of the tree I15 close to the trunk I16 with practically no damage to the low hanging foliage of the tree.

., This is an important feature of my invention as at present time there are great lossesfrom the i 'i damaging of treesand the destruction of fruit upon the trees in the endeavor to cultivate the earth up close to the trunks thereof.

Further, if now it is desired to again pull the harrow I5 in parallel position forgany reason,-

nothing need be done but stop the tractor and back the same without touching any part of the harrow, whereupon the thrust of the tractor will force vthe gangs into parallelism simultaneously and on continued forward motion the harrow II will be in the original position L, as shown in Fi 10.. I

Another important feature of my invention is the connection between the front and rear gangs, 'which permits the angling of these gangs by a relatively short movement of the tractor relative to the harrow. For instance in Fig. 2 the position of the arm 52 when the harrow is in the position 'L is indicated by the broken lines I11. The distance which it is necessary for the tractor to move relative to the harrow I5 in, order to angle the gangs from the position L to the indicated by the letter H. This distance in actual practice is about2 feet-with a six-foot cut of disks and about 20 inches with afour-foot sixinch cut of disks, and permits very quick manipulation of the harrow by the operator of the tractor. Also the restoring of the gangs to parallel position isaccomplished by a backward movement of the tractor a distance H relative to the harrow I5, which distance by'the aboveflguresmay beseen to be approximately one-third the width of the cut of the disks. 7

When it is desired to draw the harrow I5 behind the tractor IIII upon-a highway, it is preferable' that the harrow trail behind in a nonbolts H8 and replacing hese in different comcloser to the axles position L is' 'relative positions of theconcavities binations of the holes H1 and I 20. In general the longer the brace IIII is made, the more offset the harrow I5 will obtain toward one side of the tractor and the shorter the brace IIII is made,

the better the harrow tor path.

Practical reasons will dictate the limits to which the brace IIII will be shortened but, as ,shown in Fig. 8, the shortening of the brace IIII can swing the central fore and aft axis of the whole harrow I5 substantially in line with the central fore and aft axis of the tractor, or even beyond it to the opposite side. In fact the moving of the point of application of l the tractive pull of the tractor to the harrow so that this point lies substantially upon the fore and aft central axis of the harrow results in the harrow trailing directly behind the tractor when the harrow is in the non-Working position T.

When the harrow is desired to be brought into a working position T, the lever pawl 2' is released and the gangs are angled into working position, as previously described and now illustrated in Fig.9. 1

Thus the harrow I5 may be drawn in non working position T over any public highway and through gates and between other obstacles, where I5 will follow in the tracit is necessary that the harrow trail directly behind the tractor, and it may be quickly and easily extended in the field to the non-working and working positions L and L for the purpose of cultivating underneath the foliage of trees or other low objects as previously described.

As above mentioned briefly, another important feature of my invention is the flexible manner in which the front and rear gangs are connected at the horizontal pivots 84 through the inter-. I

the 'disks of the rear gang be equal in number and size to the disks of the front gang. It is also necessary that the disks of the rear gang cultivate approximately intermediate of the disks of the front gang when the gangs are angled to working position.

To this end the pivot 95 is located at a point to the axles SI of the front gang I1, or closer to lines forming the central axes of such, and likewise close to the central fore and aft axis of the rear gang 3|.

Such construction permits the outermost disk 22 of the rear gang, on the end towards which the concavities of the disks pulled into angle to cultivate intermediate the to the end that 22' are opposed, to be.

Iii)x two outermost disks 60 of the front gang on.the

the rear gang I6 will then cut outside the outermost disk 60 of the front gang I1.

The object of such construction, and ,of the as illustrated herein, is to first provide fox-angling and offsetting the front gang in the right direction by the action of the rear gang, and secondly to maintain a smooth even strip of cultivation,-the width of which equals the overall width of the harrow.

The first of these objects is accomplished ll ofthedisks' already described, and the second is accomplished by the outermost overlapping disks'on opposite ends of the gangs. throwing the soil in towards the center of the cultivated strip, due to the positions of the concavities of the disks. This eliminates ridges at the outside edges of such cultivated strip.

Depending on soil conditions, it is sometimes desirable to change theposition of the rear gang of disks with respect to the front gang of disks for varying the normal relative center cutting positions.

This is done by removing the bolts 39 from the bracket 32 and replacing the same in other holes I. This causes the rear gang to be moved relative to the front gang and permits the rear gang disks to cut of! center.

The limit to which the rear gang can be angled may be fixed by the position of the member I36,

so that the member I55, on complete desired extension of the link I50, will come into contact with the member I36, thus permitting no further angling of the rear gang.

This is .of particular advantage when the driver of the tractor does not wish to, or cannot, look back as he has nothing to do except pull on the cord I40 until he hears the members I and I36 clash, when the cord may be released.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an offset disk harrow, the combination of: a front frame, disks carried by said frame, a rear frame, disks carried by said frame, means pivotally connecting said frames together, and draft means adapted to be secured to a tractor; said draft means including a linkage connected to one part of the front frame and to the rear frame, and a bar of adjustable length so connecting another part of the front frame to said linkage as to be movable relative to the front frame.

2. In an offset disk harrow, the combination of: a front'frame, disks carried by said frame, a rear frame, disks carried by said frame, means pivotally connecting said frames together, and draft means adapted to be secured to a tractor for simultaneously angling the frames: said draft means including a linkage connected to one part of the front frame and to the rear frame, and a bar of adjustable length connecting another part of the front frame to said linkage.

3. In an offset disk harrow, the combination of:a front frame, disks carried by said frame, a rear frame, disks carried by said frame, means pivotally connecting said frames together, and draft means adapted to be secured to a tractor for simultaneously angling the frames and of!- setting the harrow from the tractor; said draft means including a linkage connected to one part of the front frame and to the rear frame, and a bar of adjustable length. connecting another part of the front frame to said linkage.

4. In an oflset disk harrow, the combination of: a front frame, disks carried by said frame, a rearframe. disks carried by said frame, means pivotally connecting said frames together, a

linkage adapted to connect one part of the front I of: a front frame, disks carried by said frame,

frame and the rear frame to a tractor, an adjustable brace connecting another part of the front frame to said linkage, and means to vary the position of we linkage and said brace withrespect. to the front frame.

5. In an offset disk harrow, the combination age adapted to connect one part of the front frame and the r'e'ar'frame to a tractor, an ad-- justable brace connecting another part of the front frame to said linkage, a rigid bar connected to the front frame, and means to vary the position of said linkage with respect to said rigid bar.

6. In an offset disk harrow, the combination of: a front frame, disks carried by said frame, a rear frame, disks carried by said frame, means pivotally connecting said frames together, a linkage adapted to connect one part of the front frame and the rear frame to a tractor, an adjustable brace connecting another part of the front frame to said linkage, a rigid bar connected to the front frame, and means to vary the position of said linkage with respect to said rigid bar; said last mentioned means including pawl and ratchet mechanism connecting said rigid bar and said linkage to adjustably hold the same in locked position upon forward motion of the tractor and to permit the linkage to move freely with respect to the rigid bar upon rearward motion of the, tractor.

'7. In an offset disk harrow, the combination of a front frame, disks carried by said frame, a rear frame, disks carried by saidframe, means pivotally connecting said frames together, draft means adapted to be secured to a tractor and attached to and acting upon the rear frame, a bar of adjustable length connecting one part of the front frame to said draft means, and means for connecting the draft means to anotherpart of the front frame; said connecting means including a pawl and ratchet mechanism.

8. In .an offset disk harrow, the combination of: a'front frame, disks carried by said frame. a rear frame, disks carriedby said frame, means pivotally connecting said frames together, draft means adapted to be secured to a tractor and attached to and acting'upon the rear frame, a bar of adjustable length connecting one part of the front frame to said draft means, and means for connecting the draft means to another part of the front frame; said connecting means includ-,

ing a pawl and'ratchet mechanism adapted to adjustably hold the frames in locked position upon forward motion of the tractor and to permit free movement ofthe frames upo'n rearward motionof the tractor.

9. In an offset disk harrow, the combination of: a front frame,-disks carried by said frame, a rear frame, disks carried by said frame, means pivotally connecting said frames together, draft means adapted to be secured to a tractor and attached to and acting upon the rear frame, a bar of adjustable length connecting one part of the front frame to said draft means, a rigid bar fastened to another part of the front frame; and means for connecting said rigid bar and said draft means; said connecting means including a ratchet member coacting with said draft means to lock said frames upon forward motion of, the tractor and topermit free movement of the frames upon rearward'motion of the tractor.

10. In an offset disk harrow, the combination a rear frame, disks carried by said frame, means pivotally connecting said frames together, and draft means adapted to be secured to a tractor; said draft means-including a rigid bar of variable length connected to one part of the front frame, a linkage of invariable length connected to the rear frame and the rigid bar and slidably connected to the front frame at another part, and a ratchet member connecting the front frame and linkage to lock the same upon forward motion'of the tractor and permit free movement of the link age uponrearward motion of the tractor.

"11. In an offset diskharrow, the combination of z a front frame, disks carried by said frame, a

rear frame, disks-carriedby said frame, means pivotally connecting said frames together, and

draft means adapted to be secured to a tractor;

Said draft means including a linkage of variable length connected to one part of the front frame,

a linkage of invariable lengthconnected to .another part of the front frame and to the rear frame, and means to vary the position of the 1'5 linkages with respect to the front frame to move an outer disk of the rear frame a distance approximating one-third of the distance between the cutting edges of the two outside disks in th of: a front frame, disks carried by said frame, a rear frame, disks carried by said frame, means pivotally connecting .said frames together, and

draft means adaptedto be secured to a tractor;

said draft means including a linkage of variable length connected to one part of the front frame, a linkage of invariable length connected to another part of the front frame and to the rear frame, and means to vary the position of the linkages with respect to the front frame to reduce the distance between an end disk of each frame an amount approximating one-third of the distance between the cutting edges of the two outside disks in the 'rear frame.

gether, and means adapted to connect the frames to a' tractor; said means including a link connected to the rear frame, a guide on the frontframe for said link, means to, laterally adjust the position of said link, and means to lock said guide and link in fixed position and to automatically permitflree movement of the link upon rearward motion of the tractor. g

14. In a harrow, the combination of a front frame c rying disks, a rear frame carrying disks, means pivotally connecting said frames together, and means adapted toconnect the frames to a tractor; said means including a link connected to the rear frame, a guide on the front frame for said link, means ,to laterally adjust the position of said link, means to lock said guide and link in fixed position and to automatically permit free movement of the link upon rearward motion of the tractor, and means to release said lo'ck. 15. In a harrow, the combination of a front frame carrying disks, arear frame carrying disks,

motion of thetractor.

' SAMUEL S. FURRER.

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