USRE19230E

USRE19230E - Brake mechanism

Info

Publication number: USRE19230E
Authority: US
Publication date: 1934-07-10
Also published as: US1876541A

Description

July 10, 1934.

v. G. APPLE Re. 19,230 BRAKE: MECHANISM Original Filed Nov. 14. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 M'ncent G- fi'pple deceased, INVENTOR,

Dena z Bra/re Compqgy. assignee July 10, 1934. v 5 APPLE, Re. 19,230

BRAKE MECHANISM Original Filed Nov. 14. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 flhcem G1 flpp/e deceased, INVENTOR. Dena ix Brake Com nay, assg nee.

TTORN Li Reissued July 10, 1934 19,230 BRAKE MECHANISM Vincent G. Apple, deceased, late of Dayton, Ohio, by Bendix Brake Company, South Bend, Ind.,

assignee Original No. 1,876,541, dated September 13, 1932,

Serial No. 407,080, November 14, 1929. Application for reissue August 21, 1933, Serial No.

71 Claims. (Cl. 186-156) This invention relates to brakes and has particular reference to an assembly designed for use on an automobile and is here shown as installed for use on the front wheels of an automotive vehicle.

An object of the invention is to incorporate with a compact dirt and water proof assembly such as that disclosed herein, power mechanism,

here illustrated in the form of an electric motor,

and mechanical means for operating the brake shoes whereby the brakes may be manually applied from a point outside the drum enclosure by the vehicle operator either independently of or in conjunction with the electric motor means.

An important feature is that the power means is supported within the enclosure, as in the brake and applying mechanism.

A further object of the invention is to utilize an 'electric motor as a power brake applying means in such a way that the brakes will be positively retained in their applied position while the motor is inoperative and in this way substantially conserve the amount of current taken from a storage battery or the like for the purpose of proved manual operating mechanism for apply,-

ing the brakes independently of the power means and permitting independent operation by the power means, all here shown as applied to a swivelled vehicle wheel.

The constructionis such that the power mechanism is operable to apply the brakes, to retain the brakes applied, and to function to permit the release of the brakes. It is preferred to employ w a reversibly rotatable power driven shaft. disconnectedly coupled with the operable brake friction means to apply the same upon rotation of the shaft in a given direction, to retain the same applied upon discontinuance of rotation of the rotation of the shaft. An important characteristie is that novel means for applying the'brakes manually, in a construction of the character here shown, is provided.

Further objects and meritorious features of the invention will appear from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several figures, and

wherein:

, Figure 1 is a section of the power brake assembLv taken on the line 11 of Figure 2, and

Figure 2 is a sectional view on the line 2-2 of Figure 1. In the drawings the numeral 2 represents the shaft, and to permit release thereof upon reverse usual steering spindle having radially extending

arms

4 and 6 and carrying the hubs 5 and 7 for the bushings'8 and 10. The steering pivot pin 12 is secured in the hub 14 of the axle 16 and rotatably mounted in the bushings 8 and 10, with the anti-friction thrust bearing 22 under the hub iumfior the purpose of taking the vertical steering 0n the outer end of the stub axle or spindle 24 is keyed the brake torque plate 26, and the sleeve 28 is rotatably journalled on the inner end thereof by means of the

roller bearings

30 and 32, which are retained in spaced relation by means of the spacer 34. Secured to the outer and inner ends of the wheel and drum assembly are the bearing housings 36 and 38 respectively whereby the said assembly is rotatably joumalled about the stub axle 24, bearing directly on the stub axle at its outer end and upon the sleeve 28 at its inner end.

The brake drum 40 is riveted as at 42 to the wheel 44. The inner bearing housing 38 is provided with a flange 46,- and to thisflange and the brake drum 40 is bolted the drum cover plate 48, as at and 52, thereby forming a tight com-- partment which the brake friction mecha-. nism and the applying mechanism is sealed against water, dirt and oil to function in a highly eflicient manner. The brake torque plate 26- is provided with a plurality of radially extending arms, one of which, 54, is provided with the

studs

56 and 58 which serve as anchors for the

brake shoes

60 and 62 respectively. The other two adjacent ends of the brake shoes are connected by the right and left adjusting screw 64. Inasmuch as the expanding mechanism for the shoes and the contemplated power means for operating the same are to be mounted entirely within the closed drum, the brake shoes have been made channel shaped in cross section to provide room for the operating parts as shown and herein described.

Secured to a depending flange 66 of the torque plate 26 is the reversible electric motor 68 which is provided with a threaded extension 69 to its armature shaft. Mounted for axial sliding movement along this extension is the correspondingly threaded weighted runner 70, the weighted portion being indicated as 71.

0n the arm 54 of the torque plate 26 is pivoted the brake operating arm 72, as at 74, and to this arm is pivoted the camming mechanism indicated generally at '16, since it is of conventional design.

The other extremity of the brake arm is bifurcated to form the two prongs 78 and 80 (see Figure 1) which straddle the extension 69 of the motor armature shaft to swing axially therealong. The brakes have been illustrated in their on" position, to which position they are moved when the motor is-rotated in one direction and the axial nism76.

The inertia of the weighted portion '11 of the nut prevents the nut from rotating with the shaft when the shaft is rotatably driven and as a result the nut is caused to travel axially alongthe shaft. 'I'hethread of the shaft extension is of relatively low pitch and the brake shoes are thereby retained in whatever "on position'they may be when the circuit through the motor is broken and until the circuit through the motor is reversed. Upon reverse of the circuit through the motor'the nut travels in the opposite direction over the shaft permitting the brake to be released under the pull of the provided release springs.

With this power brake assembly there is included means for mechanically actuating the brake arm '72 independently of the electric motor means.- For this purpose the outer end of the sleeve 28 is provided with gear teeth 82 which are .adaptedtomeshwiththegearteethuonthe ,sectorleverllfi.

This sector lever Q6 is pivoted at 88 in boss 90 which is formedpn the brake torque plate 26. A link 92 connects the lever arm 860i the gear sector 94 to the brake operating arm 72 through the medium of an elongated slot 96- in the link 92 which fits over a'stud 98 in the said brake operating arm. In this way a slip joint between gear sector and the brake arm is provided whereby the said arm may be actuated by thegear sector either independently of or in conjunction with the power operating means and permits independent movement of the arm by the ,nismsecured power operating means. A lever 1001s secured to the other end of the sleeve 28, preferably by welding it thereto, forthe purpose of permitting actuationofthehrakearmthroughthe gearsector from a point outside the closed drum. and it is contemplated that this lever 100 will be connected through some mechanical linkage so that it may be actuated by the vehicle operator.

Having described one illustrative embodiment of the invention, various changes and modifications will-be apparent to those skilled in the, art, and'for that'reason it is intended to be limited only within the scope of the appended claims.

' What is claimed:

1. Brake comprising a wheel spindleheldagainstrotationbyoneendanintegral hollow drum closed at both ends rotatably supported thereon, internal expanding brake mechaagainst rotation within the drum, electricmotormeanssupportedwithm the drum for expanding said brake mechanism, and mechanical means manually operable independently of the electric motor means for expanding 12. Brake mechanism comprising a swivelled wheel spindle held against rotation by one end, an integral closed drum rotatablyiournalled closed drum.

thereon. radially'expansible brake friction means secured against rotation within the drum. electric motor means supported within the drum for expanding the friction means, said motor means including means for retaining the friction means in applied position when the current is oil, and

mechanical means operable from a point outside the drum for independently expanding the friction means. A 3. Brake mechanism comprising a swivelled wheel spindle, an integral closed brake drum rotatab y journalled thereon,'friction means and a reversible electric motor secured against rotation with the drum, means whereby rotation of the motor shaft in one direction applies thefriction means and in the other permit their withdrawal and mechanical means extending outside the drum for actuating the friction means independently of the motor.

4. Brake mechanism comprising a swivelled wheel spindle, an integral closed brake drum r'otatably iournalled thereon, friction means and a reversible electric motor secured against rotation within the drum, means whereby rotation of the motor shaft in one direction applies said 100 friction means and in the other permits their withdrawal, said means including means for retaining the friction means in any intermediate. position when the circuit through the motor is broken, and means manually operable from a point outside the drum for actuating the friction means independently of the electric motor.

5. Brake mechanism comprising a swivelled wheel spindle held against rotation by one end,

a sleeve having radially extending armskeyed thereto, an integral closed brake drumrotatably journalled thereon, radially expansible friction. means and a reversibleelectric motor supported within the drum by said arms, operative connections between the electric motor friction means, and mechanical link e co with said operative connections and extending to a point outside the drum whereby the friction means may be manually expanded inde pendently of the electric motor.

wheel spindle, a closed brake drum rotatably journalled thereon, a sleeve having arms extending radially withinthe drum keyed to said spindle, radially expansible friction shoes and a lever fcrexpanding them supported on one of said arms, a reversible electric motor having a threaded extension to its armature shaft secured to. another of thearms, said lever having a bifurcated portion straddling said threaded extension, means axially slidable on said extension upon rotation thereof to actuate the lever arm. a gear sector pivoted to said radially extending arm and having a lost motion connection with the lever arm, and a sleeve rotatably iournalle'd 135 on the spindle having gear teeth in mesh with the gear sector and operable from a point outside the 7. Brake mechanism comprising a swivelled wheel spindle held against rotation at one endfa closed brake drum rotatably' journalledthereon, radially expanslble brake'shoes and a pivoted lever for expanding them secured against rotation within the drum. a sleeve rotatably journalled on the spindle and extending from a point within to a point outside saiddrum, gear teetlron the,

inner end of said sleeve, a pivoted gear sector within the drum meshing withthesald teethand having a slotted connection with said lever, and 150 6. Brake mechanism comprising a swivelled means on the outer end of the sleeve whereby the same may be rotated to expand the brake shoes.

8. Brake mechanism comprising, in combination, a non-rotatable axle, a closed drum rotatably journalled thereon, expansible friction means secured against rotation within the drum, a sleeve rotatable about said axle, operative connections within the drum between said friction means and said sleeve, including a gear sector, and means operable from a point outside said drum for rotating said sleeve.

9. Brake mechanism comprising, in combination, a non-rotatable axle, a closed drum rotatably journalled thereon, expansible friction means anda lever arm for expanding the same supported against rotation within the drum, a sleeve rotat-, able about said axle from a point outside the drum, and a lost motion connection between said lever and sleeve whereby rotation of the latter actuates the friction means.

10.- Brake mechanism comprising, in combination, a non-rotatable axle, a closed drum rotatably journalled thereon, expansible friction means and a lever for expanding the same supported against rotation within the drum, a sleeve rotat able about said axle from a point outside the drum and provided with gear teeth at its inner extremity, a gear sector pivoting within the drum,

and meshing with said gear teeth, and a lost. motion connection between said gear sector and lever.

11. Brake mechanism comprising an axle member secured against rotation, radially expansible friction means supported thereby, an electric motor likewise supported thereby, means connecting said motor and friction means for expanding the latter, and independently operable mechanical means including a part rotatable about said axle member for manually expanding them.

12. Brake mechanism comprising an axle member secured against rotation, radially expansible friction shoes supported thereby, an electric motor having an armature shaft extending transversely of the axle member also supported thereby, means for expanding the friction shoes, means whereby rotation of said armature shaft functions to operate said expanding means, while permitting independent operation of said expanding means, and manually operable means engaging the expanding means to operate it independently of the electric motor and to permit independent operation thereof by the motor.

13. Brake mechanism as defined in claim 12 wherein the described assembly with the exception of the last mentioned mechanical means is completely enclosed in a rotatable brake drum.

tion of the shaft in the other direction to permit release of the brakes, and mechanical means independentlyoperable from outside the drum for expanding said friction'means including a part extending axially rotatably through the drum.

15. Brake mechanism comprising, in combination, a rotatable drum, brake friction means therein, cam means for expanding said friction means arranged adjacent one periphery of the drum, a reversible electric motor supported on the opposite side of the drum having an armature shaft, means whereby rotation of the armature shaft in one direction operates said friction means and rotation in the opposite direction permits retraction of the friction means, and independently operable mechanical means for manually actuating the friction means.

16 Vehicle brake mechanism comprising, in combination, a rotatable drum, brake friction means arranged therein to be urged thereagainst, a reversible electric power device arranged within the drum, an operating member coupled with the friction means and disconnectedly coupled with the power device to be actuated thereby to. urge the friction means against the drum, manual operating mechanism disconnectedly coupled with the operating member to urge the friction means against the drum.

17. Vehicle bralfie mechanism comprising, in' combination, a rotatable drum, brake friction means arranged therein to be urged thereagainst, a reversible electric power device arranged within the drum, an operating member coupled with the friction means and disconnectedly coupled with the power device to be actuated thereby to urge the friction means against the drum, manual operating mechanism disconnectedly coupled with the operating member on the opposite side of the axis of the drum from the power means to urge the friction means against the drum.

18. Brake mechanism including, in combination, a non-rotatable axle member, radially expansible frictionshoes supported thereby, a reversible electric motor likewise supported thereby having a threaded armature shaft extending transversely of the axle member, a correspondingly threaded runner on said shaft, means whereby said runner operates on rotation of the armsture shaft in one direction to expand the friction means and on rotation in the other to permit retraction thereof, and independently operable means for manually expanding the friction means. I

19. In brake mechanism, a rotatable drum, brake friction means arranged within the drum, an operating member coupled therewith to urge the friction means against the drum, electric power means within the drum having a reversibly rotatably driven threaded shaft, a threaded runner on the shaft adapted to be advanced thereover during its rotatiton and coupled with said operating member to actuate it to urge the friction means against the drum, said threaded runner adapted to retain its position on the shaft upon discontinuance of rotation thereof to hold the operating member against movement of release of the friction means, manual operating means cou- 'pled with said operating member to actuate ,the

same to urge the friction means againstthe drum, tension means enga ng said friction means to 135 release the same following actuation by the manual means insufllcient to release the friction means against the restraint offered by the runner to movement of the operating member following application by the power means.

20. In brake mechanism, a rotatable drum, brake friction means arranged within the drum, an operating member coupled therewith to urge the friction means against the drum, electric power means within the drum having a reversibly 14,5

rotatably driven threaded shaft. a threaded runner on the shaft adapted tcbe advanced thereover during its rotation and coupled with said operating member to actuate it to urge the friction means against the drum, said runner being 1130 'mechanism coupled with the friction means ineluding a reversibly rotatably driven shaft and a weighted runner. coupled therewith to be advanced thereover upon rotation of the-shaft and coupled with the friction means to actuate -the same as it advances over the shaft, and manual =means coupled with the friction means to urge it against the drum independently of the rotation of the shaft. I

22. Automotive vehicle brake mechanism comprising a rotatable brake drum, friction means within said drum adapted to retard rotation of the same, an actuating member coupled with said friction means, a power driven rotatable element in operative relation-to said actuating means, and

a member slidable along and disconnectedly associated with said rotatable element and said actuating member for operating the friction means.

23. Brake mechanism comprising, in combination, a rotatable brake drum, friction means supported within said drum, and rotary electric motor power means supported therein disconnectedly coupled with said friction means to actuate the same.

24. Brake mechanism comprising, incombination, a rotatable brake drum, friction meanssupported within said drum. rotary electric motor power means supported therein disconnectedly coupled with said friction means to actuate the same, and manually operable means for actuating said friction means independently of said power means.

25. Brake mechanism comprising a sleeve secured against rotation, radially expansible brake shoes and cam arm for expanding them supported thereby, a reversible electric motor having a threaded armature shaft also supported by said sleeve, a correspondingly threaded runner on I .said shaft, spring means tending to retain said brake shoes in their retracted position, and means on said cam arm abutting said runner on one side only whereby the shoes are expanded upon rotation of the armature shaft in one direction.

26. Automotive vehicle wheel brake mechanism comprising a non-rotatable axle member, a vehicle supporting wheel rotatably mounted thereon. a completely closed drum secured to said wheel for rotation therewith, and friction means adapted to retard rotation of said drum and electric means for actuating the same each secured against rotation within said drum.

iflthtlilomotive vehicle wheel brake mechanism comprising a non-rotatable axle member, a vehicle supporting wheel rotatably mounted there- ,on, a completely closed drum secured to said wheel'for rotation therewith, and friction means adapted to retard rotationrof said drum and electric means for actuating the same each secured against rotation within said drum by the same m rotation therewith: a plate within said" element. 1

28. Automotive vehicle wheel brake mechanism comprising a non-rotatable axle member, a vehicle supporting wheel rotatably mounted thereon, a completely closed drum secured to said secured against rotation by said axle memher, and electric means for applying friction to said drum supported by said plate.

29. Automotive vehicle wheel brake mechanism comprising a non-rotatable axle member, a vehicle supporting wheel rotatably mounted thereon, a closed drum secured to said wheel for rotation therewith, radially extending arms supported within said drum by said axle'member, electro-magnet means supported by one arm, friction means positioned by the other arms for engagement with said drum, and operative connections between the electro-magnet means and said friction means.

30. In combination with a rotatable brake drum, a plurality of arms fixedly positioned within said drum, friction means positioned with relation to said drum by certain of said arms, power mechanism supported within said drum by another of the arms, and operative'connections between said power means and said friction ported thereon, internal expanding brake shoes of channel shaped cross-section secured against rotation within the drum, an electro-magnetically operated.- power means extending between the webs of the channel shaped shoes to move said shoes radially, and means ed to the spindle within the drum to support said power means.

32.- In combination with a completely enclosed internal expanding brake mechanism, an electric motor having an armature shaft with a threaded extension, a brake shoe actuating arm having a bifurcated end portion straddling said shaft extension, and a weighted runner mounted on said extension adapted to contact the bifurcated portion of the brake shoe actuating arm.

33. Bralre mechanism comprising brakes, a power device including a rotatable shaft, an actuating element coupled with said brakes and movable longitudinally of said shaft, a member slidable alongsaid shaft on rotation thereof coupied with the actuating element, said member being adapted to shift from slidable to rotary movement upon encountering a determined resistance by the brakes, and means for manually operating said brakes independently of said rotatable shaft.

34. Vehicle brake mechanism including radially expansible friction shoes, an expanding cam member pivotally supported between the ends of said shoes, an electric motor havinga threaded armature shaft positioned adjacent said shoes, an actuating arm fixedly secured at one end to said cam member and bifurcated at its opposite end to straddle said armature shaft, and a threaded runner positioned upon said shaft and engageable with the bifurcated portion of the actuating arms to positively urge the same in brake applying as direction.

35. In combination with a brake shoe actuating arm bifurcated at,-its free end, athreaded elec-' tric motor armature shaft extending through the bifurcation, one face of the bifurcated portion being convexly rounded, and a threaded runner the shaft upon discontinuance of rotation thereof to hold the operating member against movement of release of the friction means.

37. In brake mechanism, a rotatable drum, brake friction means arranged within the drum, an operating member coupled therewith to urge the friction means against the drum, power means within the drum having" a reversibly rotatabLv driven threaded shaft, a threaded runner on the shaft adapted to be advanced thereover during its rotation and coupled with said operating member to actuate it to urge the friction means against the drum, said runner being weighted to retain the position to which it has been advanced upon the shaft.

38. In brake mechanism, a rotatable drum, brake friction means arranged therein, operating mechanism coupled with the friction means including a reversibly 'rotatably driven shaft and a weighted runner coupled therewith to be advanced thereover upon rotation of the shaft and coupled with the friction means to actuate the same as it is advanced over the-shaft.

39. Automotive vehicle brake mechanism comprising a rotatable brake drum closed at each end, friction means within said drum adapted to retard'rotation of the same, an actuating member coupled with said friction means and a rotatable operating element positioned within the drum disconnectedly and frictionally coupled with the actuating element adapted to become inefiective upon encountering a determined resistance to said friction means.

40. In combination with brake mechanism of the class described, including an actuating arm, a threaded shaft adjacent said arm, a runner positioned on said shaft and having limited frictional engagement with one face of the actuating arm..

which said runner normally slides along the shaft to move the actuating arm but is free to rotate with said shaft when the arm offers a determined resistance to such sliding movement, and yieidable retracting means constantly urging said'arm against said runner.

41. ln combination with a brake shoe actuating arm bifurcated at its free end, a threaded shaft extending through said bifurcation, means for rotating said shaft, a threaded runner slidable along said shaft and having a depending weighted portion, the end face of the runner and one face of said actuating arm having limited frictional engagement whereby said runner is free to rotate with the shaft when said actuating arm offers a predetermined resistance to longitudinal sliding movement of said runner.

42. In combination with brake mechanism of the class described, including an actuating arm, a threaded shaft adjacent said arm, a runner positioned on said shaft and having limited frictional engagement with one face of the actuating .arm, which said runner normally slides along the shaft to move the actuating arm but is free to rotaw with said shaft when the arm offers adetermined resistance to such sliding movement.

43. Brake mechanism including, in combination, friction members having adjacent separable ends, a cam rotatably journalled between said ends, a lever coupled with said cam to actuate the same, power means lying within the plane of. the friction members and coupled with said lever, and independently operable means coupled with said lever for manual operation.

44. Brake mechanism including, in combination, a non-rotatable swivelled wheel spindle, a torque plate having a laterally extending stud and a laterally extending boss thereon, a brake actuating lever fulcrumed on said stud, a laterally extending stud on said lever, a gear sector pivoted on said boss, a link pivoted on said gear sector and having slotted connectionwith said lever stud, a sleeve rotatably'ioumalled on said spindle having gear teeth adapted to mesh with those on said gear sector, and means for rotating said sleeve. 7

45. Brake mechanism including, in combination, a wheel, brake mechanism operable to retard rotation of said wheel, power mechanism lying within the plane of said wheel operable through the medium of a leverage corresponding substantially in length to the diameter of said wheel to actuate said brake mechanism, and means manually operable independently of said power mechanism through said leverage to actuate said brake mechanism.

46. In combination with a wheel structure including brake mechanism, power means within the circumference of said wheel operable upon a cam arm to apply said brake me hanism, and manual means operable indepen ently of said power means upon said arm to apply the same.

47. In combination with a wheel having a drum secured for rotation therewith, aflanged sleeve secured against rotation within the plane of said drum, friction means within said plane operable to retard rotation of said drum, power means supported by the flange of said sleeve, and means lying within the plane of the drum operable through a leverage corresponding substantially in length to the diameter of said drum to actuate said friction means.

48. In combination with a wheel having a closed drum secured for rotation therewith, a radially flanged sleeve secured against rotation within said drum, friction means supported therein adapted to retard rotation thereof, and means for actuating said friction means and power means operable upon'said actuating means sup-' ported by the flange of said sleeve.

49.. In combination with a spindle, a brake drum closed at each end rotatably journalled upon said spindle, a flanged sleeve secured to said spindle between the ends of said drums, retarding means operable upon said drum positioned therein by means of said sleeve, a second sleeve rotatably journalled about said spindle adjacent said first mentioned sleeve and including an arm positioned exteriorly of the drum, and means operable by rotation of said sleeve for actuating said retarding means.

50. Vehicle brake mechanism comprising, in 185 combination, a rotatable brake drum closed at each end and having a bearing at each end, brake friction means and an electric motor secured against rotation within the drum, means connecting the motor and friction means whereby rota- 140 tion of the former operates the friction means, and mechanical means operable independently of the motor means from a point outside the drum to actuate the friction means. 7

51. Vehicle brake mechanism comprising a nonrotatable axle member, radially expansible friction means and electric motor means for expanding them supported by the hub, a rotatable brake drum'completely enclosing the shoes and motor means, and mechanical linkage coupled with the shoes within the drum and extending through said drum to the outside thereof for independent manual actuation.

52'. Automotive vehicle brake mechanism coniprising a rotatable brake drum journalled at each end, friction. means within said drum adapted to retard rotation thereof, an actuating member positioned withinthe drum and coupled with said friction means, a rotatable operating element arranged within the drum and disconnectedly coupled with the actuating element to operate the same and adapted to become ineffective upon encountering a determined resistance, and means for operating said actuating member independently of said rotatable operating element.

53. Brake mechanism comprising a non-rotatable axle, an axle member securedagainst rotation thereon having radially extending arms, brake friction means supported by said axle member, a cam lever pivoted to one of the arms thereof, electric power means supported by the axle member for actuating said cam lever, a rotatable drum enclosing said friction means and means rotatable about the axle member operable from outside the drum for actuating the cam lever independently of the electric power means.

54. Automotive vehicle wheel brake mechanism comprising a non-rotatable axle member, a vehicle supporting wheel rotatably mounted thereon, a closed drum secured to said wheel for rotation therewith, a plate within said drum secured against rotation by said axle member, electric means for applying friction to said drum supported by said plate, and means manually operable from a point outside said drum to apply friction to the drum.

55. Automotive vehicle wheel brake mechanism comprising a non-rotatable axle member, a vehicle supporting wheel rotatably mounted thereon, a closed drum secured to said wheel for rotation therewith, radially extending arms supported within said drum by said axle member, electric means supported by said arm for applying friction to the internal periphery of said drum, and means manually operable from a point outside said drum to apply friction to said internal periphery.

56. Braking mechanism comprising a nonrotatable axle, a hollow drum self enclosed at the ends, a bearing at each end to support said drum for rotation about said axle, internal expanding brak'e members between said bearings within said drum, means associated with said axle to support said members for radial movement and against rotation, power means within said drum to move said members radially, and means-extending outside said drum adapted to move said members independently of said power means.

' 57. Braking mechanism comprising a nonrotatable axle and a rotatable brake drum closed at the ends supported fir rotation about said axle. a non-rotatable axle member on the axle havin arms extending radially outward into the space within the drum. brake shoes held by the arms against rotation but for radial movement, power applying means coupled with the shoes to move them into braking engagement and supported on one of said arms and manually operable means extending from within the drum enclosure where.- by the shoes may be moved radially independently of the power app yin means.

' 58. Brake mechanism comprising 97 non-rotatable axle, a brake drum rotatable thereon and closed at its ends, an anti-friction bearing in each closed end to support said drum for rotation thereabout, a housing surrounding each anti-friction bearing, braking mechanism between said housingswithin said drum enclosure, and means extending from within the drum for actuating said braking mechanism.

59. Brake mechanism comprising, in combination, a non-rotatable axle member, a brake drum closed at both ends rotatable about the axle member, expansible friction means arranged within the drum to be urged thereagainst, power means arranged within the drum coupled with the friction means to expand the same and having a power supply inlet extending through the axle member, and manually operable means rotatable about the hub coupled within the drum to the' friction means operable to actuate the same independently of the power means.

60. Brake mechanism comprising, in combination, a non-rotatable axle member, an integral closed brake drum rotatable about the axle member, brake friction means arranged within the drum, operating-mechanism within the drum to urge the friction means against the drum, power means within the drum coupled with the operat- 'ingmechanism to actuate it, manually operable means within the drum coupled with the operating mechanism to actuate it independently of the 1 power means.

61. Brake mechanism comprising, in combination, a non-rotatable axle member, an integral closed brake drum rotatable about'the axle member, brake friction means arranged within the drum, a brake lever within the drum operable to actuate the friction means and extending across the drum, power means within the drum, manually operable means within the drum, said power means and manually operable means arranged on opposite sides of the axis of the drum and each coupled with the lever to actuate the same.

62. Brake mechanism comprising an axle member secured against rotation, radially expansible friction shoes supported thereby, an electric motor having an armature shaft extending transversely of the axle member and also supportedthereby, means for expanding the friction shoes, and a disconnected coupling between said shaft and expanding means whereby rotation of said armature shaft functions to operate said expanding means.

63. Braking mechanism comprising a wheel spindle held against rotation by one end, a hollow drum closed at both endsrotatably supported thereon, internal expanding brake friction means secured against rotation within'the drum, electric power means positioned within the drum and disconnectedly coupled with said brake friction means through a frictional coupling to actuate the same, said frictional coupling retaining the shoes in any intermediate position when th electric circuitis broken. 1

64. Vehicle brake mechanism comprising 'a swivelled wheel spindle, a closed brake drum journalled thereon, an axle member having radially extending arms secured thereto, radially expansible friction shoes and a lever arm for actuating them supported on one of said arms, a reversible electric motor having a. threaded extension to its armature shaft secured to another of said 65. Braking mechanism comprising-a non-rotatable axle, a hollow drum completely closed at the ends supported for rotation about said axle, expanslble brake friction means within the enclosure of said drum, means connecting said friction means and said axle to hold it against rotation, camming means at one side of said enclosure to force the friction'means into contact with the drum; electro-magnetic means diametrically opposite said camming means, and operating linkage connecting said electro-magnetic means to said camming means.

66. Braking mechanism comprising a non-rotatable wheel spindle, a bearing on the outer end of said spindle, a bearing on the inner end of said spindle, a brake drum closed at both ends, each closed end having support on one of said bearings, an axle member keyed to said spindle between said bearings, a brake. shoe supporting plate secured to said axle member, radially expansible friction shoes mounted on said supporting plate, an electro-magnetic device for expanding said shoes into contact with the interior ci.r-' cumference of said drum, and a cable entering said spindle at a point inside the inner bearing and extending internally lengthwise thereof toward its outer end to a point between the two bearings, thence outwardly to said electro-magne'tic device.

.67. Braking mechanism comprising, a non-rofriction means secured to said spacing member,

a rotatable brake drum having both ends closed and a housing for one of said anti-friction bearings in each closed end surrounding said friction means.

68. A vehicle wheel mounted on a spindle swivelled for turning movement and provided with a brake drum, friction means arranged within the drum, a torque taking member carried by the spindleand having oppositely directed arms extending generally in the direction of the swivelling axis of the wheel, one of said arms provided with spaced anchors arranged on opposite sides of and beyond one end of. the swivelling 'axis of the wheel, power mechanism carried by the other arm arranged in proximity to the other end of the swivelling axis of. the wheel and diametrically across the drum from said anchors, anoperating lever pivoted at one end to one arm between said anchors and extending along the swivelling axis of the wheel and connected with the power mechanism at its opposite end in proximity to the other end of the swivelling axis and thrust means carried by the-pivoted end of the lever and operatively engaging said friction means.

69. Braking mechanism comprising, anon-rotatable axle, a hollow drum closed at its ends,

a bearing in each closed end to support said drum for rotation about said axle, brake shoes of channel shaped cross-section between said bearings within said drum, means held against rotation by said axle to support said shoes for radial movement and against rotation about said axle, and electro-magnetic power means located between the webs of the channel shaped shoes to move said shoes radially.

70. Brake mechanism comprising an axle member secured against rotation, a rotatable drum, radially expansible friction means supported by the axle member, an actuating member associated with the friction means to expand the same,an electric motor supported by said axle member, and means disconnectedly coupling said inotor and said actuating member for operating the latter.

71. Brake mechanism including, in combination, non-rotating radially expansible brake shoes channel shaped in cross section, cam means adjacent a periphery of the shoes for expanding them. electromagnetic means having an armature movable in a direction transverse to the axis of the shoes and extending in close proximity thereto intermediate the flanges thereof, a connecting arm between said cam means and said armature, and mechanical means for actuating BEN'DIX BRAKE COMPANY, Assi'anee of Vincent G. Apple, Deceased,

By DAVID L. GALLUP.

said arm independently of theelectro magnet