USRE18683E

USRE18683E - Time element device

Info

Publication number: USRE18683E
Authority: US
Publication date: 1932-12-06

Description

W. M. SCOTT Dec. 6, 1932. EEEE EEEEEEE EEEIEE 3 Re. 18,683 I Original Filed Dec. 19, 1924 I N VE N TOR 7 ATTORNEY BY 6 g:

Reissued Dec. 6, p 1932 WILLIAM H. SCOTT, OI TBEDDYFBIN TOWNSHIP, GHESTER'COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA m ELEMENT nnvrca Original m5. 1,848,688, dated limb a, 1932, Serial no. 757,077, med'necember 1a, 1924. Application mreluue filed Kay 21, 1932. Serial No. 612,887.

My invention relates to time-element or start delaying devices, and particularly such as are applicable to the movable members of systems of electromagnets, solenoids and the like.

In accordance with my invention the member whose movement is to be delayed is restrained by any suitable means, electrical, magnetic or mechanical, or equivalent, and

.10 the restraint is reduced or removed after an elapse of time b thermal means.

More particu ar1y,'in accordance with my invention, thermal means responsive to heat' produced by an electric current, controls or exerts a force upon the member to be moved, in such manner that after an interval of time the member to be moved is freed and thereafter moves under the influence of an applied force. v

Further, in accordance with my invention, there areprovided means for compensating for changes oftemperature of the surrounding atmosphere.

My invention resides in apparatus of a character hereinafter described and claimed.-

For an understanding of my invention and for-illustration of some of the various forms it may take, reference is to be had to the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is aside elevational view of apparatus embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a frontelevation of the apparatus shownin Fig, 1. I

Figs, 3 and 4 are, respectively, side elevational and plan views, on enlarged'scale, of an element of Fig. 1. v Figs. 5 and 6 are, respectively, longitudinal sectional and end elevationa'l views of a heat res .onsive member. igs. 7 and 8 are, respectively, end and side viewsiof anelement in Fig. 1.

Figs. 9 and 10 are, respectively, side and front views of an element of Fig. 1. v y I Fig. 11 isa fragmentary side elevational view ofa modified structure.

Figs. 12 and 13 are, respectively, side and plan views of an element of Fi 11.

.Fig. 14 is a fragmentary side elevational view of a further modification.

Figs. 15 and 16 are, respectively, side and bottom plan views of an element of Fig. 14. Referring to Figs. .1 to 10 inclusive, M is an electromagnet or solenoid, whose core '1 is provided with the oles 2 and 3. There is represented generically by the member 4 an armature, core or other movalfle member of the magnet or solenoid. In the example illustrated it is an armature co-acting with the poles 2 and 3 mounted for pivotal movement at 5. When the winding of the magnet or solenoid M is traversed by electric current thereis produced a magnetic field effecting magnetization of the poles 2 and 3 and of the member 4, thereby exerting upon the member 4 a force tending to move it about its pivot 5 toward the pole 2. The member 4 normal] rests upon the magnetizabletip 6b of the a justable stop or screw 6 of non-magnetizable metal which is carried by the bracket 7 of non-magnetizable material. When thema net is energized, there is exerted between t 0 members 4 and the magnetizable tip 6b'an attractive force which resists the upward attraction of the member 4 toward the more distant pole 2, thereby restraining the member 4 against the eventually desired movement. The restraining force exerted upon the armature 4 by the magnetizable tip 6b is due to the strayfield induced by the magnet M and is dependent upon intlma'telcontact of the armature 4 with tip 65, which force disappears when this contact is broken. To break this contact and thus free the member 4 from restraint, to permit it 'to'move upward about its pivot5,'there is rovided a therinO- responsive mechanism w "ch, after a suitable length of time, in response to heat applied thereto, exerts u on the member ,4 a force suflicient' with t e upwardly acting v magnetic force exerted thereon by the pole-2,

' 16 having at its other end the closure member 12.

There is accordingly formed a sealed or pressure-tight expansible chamber in which is disposed any suitable gas or liquid which upon elevation of temperature expands, causing longitudinal expansion of the chamber 11 with consequent movement of the member 12 away from the base 8.

The member 12 is rovided with earsor lugs 13 in which there 1s pivoted at 14 the upwardly extending lever or bar '15, pivoted at 16 in the ears or lugs 17 carried b the end 8 to ,a' substantially similar extent, with the closure member 18 of the second t ermo-res onsive device comprising the sealed expansi la chamber 19 whose other closure member is secured by screw 20 to the base 8. The chamber 19 is filled with suitable gas or liquid expansible upon temperature change.

The gases or liquids in the chambers 11 and 19 may be similar or dissimilar. In either or both may be utilized carbon tetrachloride, ether, alcohol, or the like, and in general any gas or any liquid or other substance the heating of which will cause expansion of the chamber enclosing it.

The member 15 has the forwardly extending arm or lug 21 through whose end is threaded adjustable stop or screw 22 adapted .to engage the under side of the member 23, pivoted at 24 in the bracket 25, of nonmagnetic material secured to the magnet pole 2. At a distance from the pivot 24 the member 23 is provided with a lug or projection 26 adapted to engage the under side of the armature 4. The lug 26, or both lug 26 and member 23, are preferably of brass or other non-magnetic material.

Coiled around the chamber 11 and insulated therefrom is the conductor 27 which is connected in any suitable electric circuit whereby, due to the heating effect of the current traversing the resistance 27, the temperature of the contents of the chamber 11 is raised, causing a slow or delayed outward expansion of the chamber 11.

In the example illustrated, the resistance or conductor 27 is connected in the same circuit with the winding of the magnet or solenoid M and, as indicated, preferably in series .therewith, whereby the same current .which the base 8, moving the lever 15 in counter-' clockwise direction about its pivot 16, caus- 'ing the member 22 to rotate the member 23 in clockwise direction about its pivot 24, thereby causing the lug 26 to force the armature 4 upwardly away from contact with the member 66, whereupon, due to the attraction by magnet M, the armature will rapidly moveupwardly to the pole face 2.

By the operation described the start of the member 4, after energization of the magnet M, or after a substantial change in the magnitude of the current traversing the winding 1 I of the magnet M, is delayed for a period corresponding with the time required to eflt'ect sufiicient expansion of the chamber 11.

Inasmuch as the temperature of the atmosphere surrounding the apparatus varies, the chamber 19 will expand with rise in temperature of the atmosphere, moving the pivot 16 outwardly from the base 8, and similarly rise in temperature of the atmosphere causes pivot 14 to move outwardly from the base result that the lever 21 has no angular movement about pivot 16; thus the position of lever 23 remains unaffected; and armature 4 1s therefore not released from restraint except when the temperature of the contents of chamber 11 materially exceeds the temprature of the atmosphere, thereby causing counter-clockwise movement of lever '15 with resultant clockwise movement of lever 23 about its pivot 24, and consequent movement of the armature 4 out of engagement with the magnetic tip 6b. The chamber 19 in effect compensates for or renders the mechanism the =armature 4 which is magnetized when the winding of the magnet M is energized. In this case the outward movement of the pivot 14 again rotates the member 23' in clockwise direction forcibly withdrawing it from armature 4, whereupon the latter'i's free to the attraction exerted by the pole 2.;

In Fig. 14 the arrangement is again, in general, the same. I non-magnetic material. Pivoted at 24-to the bracket 25 is the latch or detent 28 whose tail 23a is actuated by the member 22 to free the detent from the latch plate or detent plate 29 secured to the armature 4. Either or both of the

members

28 and 29 is or are of nonmagnetic material.

In this case the restraint upon the member 4 is mechanical, and is removed by actuation of the detent 28 by the chamber 11 after elapse of suitable length of time.

In all the arrangements described the re- The stop 6a is again of' armature 4 in the magnetic field produced by the coil M, exert restraint upon armature 4 by magnetic attraction which Opposes the upward attraction of the magnetic field of coil M upon the armature 4; these magnetizable members determine what shall be the magnitude of the current in coil M and the magnitude of the force exerted by the magnetic field upon the armature 4 to move it to efi'ect' the desired control. When the current through the coil M exceeds a certain magnitude, the attraction between the armature 4 and the member 66, Fig. 1, or the

member

23, 26a, Fig. 11, is immediately overcome. irrespective of the time element device, and the armature 4 is attracted upwardly by the field of the coil M to effect its controlling movement. For currents of lesser magnitude armature 4 is not attracted or moved upwardly to effect its control movement unless the restraint exerted thereon is overcome or removed by auxiliary means; more particularly, unless the current through the coil M exceeds the aforesaid certain magn tude, the armature 4 is not free to be attracted upwardly by the field produced by the coil M until after an interval of time the restraint on armature 4 is discontinued. The time delay device frees the armature 4 the sooner as the current in resistance 27 is the greater; but when the current in coil M exceeds a predeterm ned magnitude the armature 4 is immediately attracted and moves upwardly. either before the time delay device acts, or if before completion of its action the current in coil M exceeds the predetermined magnitude. The structure is, in one of its aspects, such that for current less than a predetermined magnitude there is introduced a time delay, and for current greater than a predetermined magnitude the attraction of the armature 4 is immediate.

Movement of the member or armature 4 may be utilized for any suitable purpose as, for example. actuating the latch or other restraining means of an electric switch. such for example as an automatic magnetic c rcuit f breaker of which the magnet M may be the overload magnet, or one responsive to rise 1n line voltage. or to any other desired electrical condition.

In the example illustrated, however, the member 4 is the armature of the electro-magnetic relay controlling or actuating the

movable contacts

30 and 31. electrically connected to each other and carried by the armature 4,

.and adapted to engage and bridge co-acting stationary relay contacts 32 included in any circuit to be controlled. as for example in the circuit of the electromagnet utilized to control the restraining means or latch of an electric switch or circuit breaker.

What I claim is:

1. The combination with a movable member comprising a magnetizable element, of current-controlled means for exerting a force thereon to move it, means for restraining said member, heat responsive means for transmitting force to free said member from said restraining means, and heat responsive means compensating for the e'fiect of changes of temperature of atmosphere upon said first named heat responsive means.

2. The combination with a magnet winding, of a movable magnetizable member coacting therewith, means dependent upon the effect of said winding for restraining said member against movement, heat responsive means for freeing said movable member from said restraining means to ermit the attraction of said Winding to e ect further movement of said member, and electrical means for applying heat to said heat responsive means.

3. The combination with a magnet winding, of a movable. magnetizable member coacting therewith, means for restraining said member against movement, heat responsive means for freeing said movable member from said restraining means, electrical means for applying heat to said heat responsive means, and heat responsive means for compensating for the effect upon said first named heat responsive means of changes of temperature of the atmosphere.

4. The combination with a magnet winding, of a movable magnetizable member coacting therewith, means for restraining said movable member comprising a relatively stationary member between which and said movable member there is effected magnetic attraction, and heat responsive means for separating said members from each other.

5. The combination with a magnet winding, of a movable magnetizable member coacting therewith, means for restraining said member against movement, and heat responsive means for freeing said member from said restraining means comprising an expansible chamber, a member actuated in response to expansion of said chamber, and a member actuated by said last named member for freeing said movable magnetizable member.

6. The combination with a magnet winding, of a movable magnetizable member coacting therewith, means for restraining said member against movement, and heat responsive means for freeing said member from said restraining means comprising an expansible chamber, a member actuated in response to expansion of said chamber, a member actuated by said last' named member for freeing said movable magnetizable member, and electrical means'for applying heat to said chamber.

. 7. The combination with a magnet winding, of a movable magnetizable member cowinding for applying heat to said chamber.

' '8. The combination with a magnet winding, of a movable magnetizable member coaoting therewith, means for restraining said member against movement, and means for freeing said member from said restraining means comprising a plurality of expansible chambers, a member pivoted to a movable wall of each of said chambers for freeing said movable magnetizable member, said cham berssubjected to changes of temperature of the atm0sphere,and electrical means energized concurrently-with said winding for ap-' plying heat to one of said chambers.

9. The combination with a magnet winding, of a movable magnetizable member coacting therewith, and means for delaying start of said movable member comprisin a plurality of expansible chambers, a mem er pivoted to movable walls of said chambers, a third member'a'ctuated by said second named member for actuating said movable magnet-- izable member to start it, said chambers subjected to varying temperatures of the atmosphere, and electrical means energized concurrently with said winding for applying heat to one of said chambers.

10. The combination with a magnet winding, of a movable magnetizable member co- 7 acting therewith, means for restraining said member against movement, and means for delaying start of said movable member comprising a plurality of members movable in response to change of a temperature, a member whose position depends upon the relative positions of said temperature responsive members for freeing said movable member to start it, and electrical means energized concurrently with said winding for applying additional heat to one of said temperature responsive members.

11. The combination with a magnet wind ing, of a movable magnetizable member coacting tberewithQmagnetic means exerting restraint upon said member in opposition to the attraction exerted thereon by the field of said winding, and means for actuating said member to free it fron. said restraint.

12. The'combinationwitha magnet winding, of a movable magnetizable member coacting therewith, magnetic means exerting restraint upon said member in opposition to the attraction exerted thereon by the field of said winding, and heat-responsive means for freeing said member from said restraint.

13. The combination with a magnet winding, of a movable magnetizable member coacting therewith, magnetic means exerting restraint upon said member in opposition to the attraction exerted thereon by the field of said winding, said magnetizable member upon occurrence of current in said winding in excess of apredetermined magnitude overcoming said restraint and moving in the field of said winding, and means for freeing said member from said restraint for current in said winding of a magnitude less than said predetermined magnitude.

14. The combination with a magnet winding, of a movable magnetizable member 00- acting therewith, magnetic means exerting restraint upon said member in opposition to the attraction exerted thereon by the field of said win ding, and electro-responsive time-delay means for freeing said member from said restraint after a time interval to permit movement of said member by the attraction of said win-ding. I I

' 15. The combination with a magnet winding, of a movable magnetizable member coacting therewith, magnetic means exerting restraint upon said member in opposition to restraint upon said member in opposition to the-attraction exerted thereon by the field of said winding, said magnetizable member upon occurrence of current in said winding in excess of a predetermined magnitude overcoming said restraint and immediately moving in the field of said winding, and means for freeing said magnetizable member from said restraint after a time interval whose duration is dependent upon the magnitude of current in said winding.

17. The combination with a switch, of a magnet winding, a magnetizable member movable in the field of said winding for controlling said switch, magnetic means exerting restraint upon said magnetizablemember in opposition to the attraction exerted thereon by the field of said winding, and electro-respon'sive means for freeing said magnetizable-member from said restraint for switch-controlling movement of said member in the field of said winding. g

18. The combination with a switch, of a magnet winding, a magnetizable member movable in the field of said winding for controlling said switch, magnetic means exerting restraint upon said magnetizable member in opposition to the attraction exerted thereon by the field of said winding, and means for freeing said magnetizable member from said restraint in response to duration for a time interval of a condition in an electric circuit to permit switch-controlling movement of said magnetizable member in the field of said winding.

19. The combination with a switch, of a magnet winding for inclusion in an electric circuit, a magnetizable member movable in the field of said winding for controlling said switch, magnetic means exerting restraint upon said member in opposition to the attraction exerted thereon by the field of said winding, said magnetizable member upon occurrence of current in said winding in excess of a predetermined magnitude overcoming said restraint and moving in the field of said wind ing, and means responsive to conditions in said circuit for freeing said member from said restraint when the current in said winding is of a magnitude less than said predetermined magnitude.

20. The combination with a switch, of a magnet winding, 9. magnetizable member movable in the field of said winding for controlling said switch, magnetic means exerting restraint upon said member in opposition to the attraction exerted thereon by the field of said winding, said magnetizable member upon occurrence of current in said winding in excess of a predetermined magnitude overcoming said restraint and immediately moving in the field of said winding, and means for freeing said magnetizable member from said restraint in response to duration for an interval of time of a condition in an electric circuit to permit switch-controlling movement of said magnetizable member in the field of said winding.

21. The combination with a magnet, of a magnetizable member movable in response to the effect thereon of the field of said magnet, and a plurality of heat-responsive devices subjected respectively to different temperatures and ointly controlling said magnetiza ble member.

22. The combination with a magnet winding, of a movable armature coacting therewith, magneticstop structure for normally restraining movement of said armature by the field of said winding, and means for moving the armature from said stop structure to permit the attraction of said field to effect further movement of the armature.

23. The combination with a magnet winding, of a movable armature coacting therewith, magnetic stop structure for normally restraining movement of said armature by the field of said winding, and current-respon-