USRE18680E

USRE18680E - Leonard t

Info

Publication number: USRE18680E
Authority: US
Priority date: 1921-09-09
Publication date: 1932-12-06

Description

- Dems, A1932..

original Filed Sept. 9. 192;

if ,f-

LEOII'AVR'D TBOLAN-D, 0l' CAMIRIDGE, MSSAOHSETTS, ASSIGNOR T0 COMSTOCK &

plify the art of v through whichthe exposing light enters the Vas assunta Dec. 6.1932

`UNITED STATES.

lRe. 18,680v

PATENT OFFICE WEBCOTT, INC., 0F BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS f coLon rno'roanarny Original lo. 1,808,584, dated me 2, i931. Serial No. 499,425, led September 9, 192i. AppIicatlon for reissue led September 24;,

This invention relates to photographic films and the production and rcproductlon of same, particularly in color photography, Whether for still or motion pictures., this application being in part a continuauon of my prior application Apr-i1 3o, 1920. 4

A y principal object of the invention l 1s simultaneously to produce at a single exposure a plurality of separate lsuperposed complemental images on a single film adapted to be used in an ordinary still p'cture or cinematographic camera. without subsantial modification of the latter.

Other objects of. the invention are to simproducing color pictures, to reduce the time .and cost required to produce such pictures, to aord a s mple automatic way of obtaining accurate ratios of exposure between complemental images, to obtain complemental images which are in accurate registry throughout their entire area and which may be reproduced with automatic regisry, to secure good definition, to m.nimi ze helation and generally 'to improve the art of color photography. 1

In order to clarify the subsequent description of the invention the following definitions are here inserted. yUnless otherwise pecifically limited the term lm photographic is herein employed generically to include all photographic records or recording articles or devices, whether the emulsion is supported .upon Celluloid or other support or is .self-supporting, and whether the film is adapted for either still or motion pictures. The term emulsion is used generically to connote either a true emuls'on or o her composition which issensitive to light. The entrant side of the emulsion is the side emulsion, ywhether or not 1t lbe next to Jdie celluloid or othersupport, and the emergent s'de is the opposite side. The term color is used in its most common sense, not as being limited to a pure color but as including a range of colors in which a certain color predominates.' y nearer the red end of the spectrum and the colder colors arethose nearer theviolet 'throughout a The warmer colors are those' ofthe emulsion s1tve to that color and an image correspond- 1931. Serial No. 584,930.

end of the spectrum. The term complemenial images is used to designate 1mages representative of different color aspects of be ng exactly complementary/T 1e term devcfoped images connotes images which have been developed whether or not they have been subsequently bleached. The term transparent image means an image which is substantially transparent to light of one or more colors though \not necessarily to all colors.

The linvention involves a photographic lilm having an yemulsion which is more sens tive to light of =a predetermined color part of its depth than throughout another part of its depth, or which is predominantly sensitive to one color only throughout a part of its depth, or whose sensitiveness to light ,is adjusted differently for different colors throughout at least a part of its depth, or preferably which possesses all of these characteristics. The var.ation of the color sensitiveness of the emulsion may be gradual orvby steps or stages. A gradualvariation may be obtained by bathing the film in a suitable dye and permitting the dye'to penetrate-to successive depths in gradualiy decreasing measure or by thus sensitizl'ng one side of the emulsion with one dye and similarly sensitizing the other side with another dye. A step by step variation may kbe obtained by building up the emulsion as a succession of layers predominantly sensitive to 'different colors. However, there are many advantages n formlng the emulsion in a single layer and I therefore deem it highly desirable not to form the emulsion in the form of separatensuperposcd coatings.

By exposing: he film to light from a multicolored object ii'cld an image corresponding lo one color aspect of the field is formed i throughout the whole or a part of the depth which is predominantly sening to another color aspect of the field is formed throughout the whole or a part of the depth of the emulsion which is sensitive to the other color and so on depending upon the number of complemental images comprised in each set of images. In two-color work a blue-green record may be formed in one de th and a red record in another depth..

A ter the images are thus formed they may be treated and reproduced in various wa s, examples of which will hereinafter be escribed.

In yorder to restrict the light lreaching the emergent side of the emulsion to the color to which the emergent side is specially sensitized, the whole emulsion, or at least a portion toward the entrant side, is preferably dyed or otherwise colored so as to obstruct light ofl other colors and to transmit light of the color to which the emergent side is sensitized. This serves to restrict the image or images of the other color or colors to the entrant )side of the emulsion. In two-color work, e` the emergent side maybe sensitized to t e warmer colors and the emulsion maybe dyed with a dye which will transmit the warmer colors and obstruct the colder colors. rWhen the film is exposed an image of the warmer colors will be formed onthe 'emergent side andan image lof the colder colors will be formed on the entrant side.

While the light' of` warmer color passing than the intense image wil tense image.

through the entrant side may ex ose the entrant side to some extent, and w ile some of the colder light may penetrate to the emerent side, these effects can be rendered negigible as will hereinafter appear.

For certain uses ofthe film it is desirable that one of the' images be more intense thanl the other or others. For example, according to one method of using the film hereinafter described one image should be so much more intense than the other or others that inreproducing Athe images by passing light through all of the images of each complemental s et in series the image or images other be negligible for practical purposes compared with the Ain- This may be accomplished in various ways as for example by treating or pre aring the emulsion, or at-least that part of t e emulsion intended to bear theless intense image, so as to render the less intense image relatively fiat (i. e. having a relatively low gamma). The dye hereinbefore referred to which obstructs thev light of thcl color represented'by the entrant image also performs this function, although in order to obtain a pronounced flattening efectthe dye should ordinarily be more intensely absorptive than is necessary topi-event the passing of the light of the particular color to the emergent side of the film. y I

When employing certain -of the methods to which my improved film is .adapted it is demesu sirablefalthough not always necessary) that the portlons of the light-sensitive strata bearing the respective superposed complemental images be separated by a free gelatine layer. For example, if it is desired to ,separate the ima es produced in the portions which are r ominantly sensitive to different colors or 1f it yis desired to impregnate or otherwise treat the portion bearmg one image without affecting'the other image or images as hereindescribed, it is advantageous to llave the' portions somewhat separated; This is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 by having the crosshatchings C and W spaced apart with only stippling therebetween.

mined by the method of subse uent treatment and by the effects to be pr uced in the finished pictures, but in general it should be many times (e. g. of the order of one hundred times)l greater than that which'results from ordinary lmpregnation with dyes for the purpose ofgreen sensitizng or orthochromatizing the emulsion. The emergent stratum of the emulsion should be sensitive to orange, red, and possibly yellow light. In

eneral it is immaterial whether this stratum 1s also sensitive to other rays of the spectrum since the other` rays are absorbed before reaching this stratum.

One method of producing a film havin the above characteristics involvesl the use o a recoated film. The first coating of` emul- \sion may have ordinary silver bromidesens1tiv1ty, being responsive to ultra-violet, violet, blue and blue-green ra s only. The film may then-,be recoated (on t e same side) with an ordinary panchromatic emulsion which is responsive to practically all the rays of the spectrum if previously sensitized to green,

yellow and red with isocyanine dyes as orthochrome T (color index v807) and pinacyanol (color index 808) as is customary in making anchromatic emulsion.- This recoated film 1s then bathed in a dye adapted to impregnate the emulsion strongly and to make it stronglyv I absorptive -of blue, blue-green, green and yellow-green rays, and preferably at the same time to sensitize the emulsion throu out to green,H yellow-green and possily yellow rays. dye by bathing it may be mixed into the emulsion cfg-'the first coating before the coat- Instead of incorporatingthe A mits a more reliable determination of the out desensitizin concentration of the dye in the emulsion, but in general does not afford such a fast emulsion.

Another method of producing a film having, the above characteristics involves the use of a single coating of emulsion. This coating may be first surface-sensitized to the aforesaid warmer colors, by-a short bath in said pinacyanol or other red-sensitizing dye, followed by rapid drying, and then bathed in the staining dye, but it is referable to apply the staining dye before the surfacesensit'zing dye inasmuch as the former may cause a further penetration of the latter if applied last. The restriction of the sensitization to the surface may be augmented by the use,

of additional alcohol in the sensitizing bath. A

The dye for staining the negative stock as Vaforesaid should have the following characteristics. It should be ca able of im regnating gelatine strongly. Y blue, blue-green, green and allow-green rays. It should sensitize silver liromide to green and yellow-green rays. It should not interfere with or destroy the action of the isocyanine or red-sensitizing dye, and it should wash out of the gelatine after development and fixation with fair facilty.

I have foundthat alkaline fluoresceinates and their halogen derivatives, such as uranine (color index 766), eosinc (color, index 768),

sodium di-bromo-fiuorescein, erythrosin (color index 772-773), etc.,` are completely withaction and otherwise fullfill the aforesai requirements. Other suitabe dyes are filter yellow K and kodachrome re y A A highly satisfactory dye for average conditions is a mixture in aqueous or laqueousalcoholic solution of uranine (sodium fluoresceinate) and ordinary eosine (sodium tet rabromofluoresceinate), although this mixture permits a certain amount'of yellow, in addition to orange and red, to penetrate to the second stratum. Where it 1s desired to eliminate the yellow rays from the second stratum and to render the first layenmore sensitive to these rays, as in taking outdoor scenes where the green of vegetation is involved, better results may be obtained by addin to the above mixture xylene red B (Sch-u tz No. 579). The absorption band of xylene red B ends abruptly at about 600 ma and the sensftizing action extends approxi mately to 610 ma. This dye has all the other desired properties.

In bathing a recoated film such as above described the dye may comprise 90 parts water, 10 parts alcohol, Lpart of said uranine, and 0.2 part of'said cosine; or, when employing said xylene red, 90 parts water, 10 parts valcohol,0.8 part of said uranine, 0.08

lhour at approximately t should a sorbA partl of said eosine, and 0.05 part of saidjl xylene red. To insure adequate and uniform penetration of the dye to the first coating the lm is preferably bathed ap roximately one iF. and dried at ap roximately F. Y

n the accompanying figures,

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of one form of my improved film; n

Figure 2 is a diagrammat`c view of one way of roducing theimagesthereon;

igure 3 is adiagrammatic view of one wa of reproducing same; and

Figure 4is a diagrammatic view of the application of the invention to the production of three color pictures.

In Figure 1 I have illustrated one preferred embodiment of the invention wherein F represents a support of Celluloid or other suitable material and E represents the emulsion which may be of the kind predominantly sensitive to the colder. colors. The emulsion is sensitized to the Warmer colors throughout the cross-hatched portion W. This may be acomplished by bathing the film in a sensitizer (e. g., said pinacyanol dissolved in alcohol and water), the sensitizer being permitted to penetrate, at least in substantial measure, only throughout a portion of the depth of the emulsion. The portion W of the emulsion is thus rendered sensitive to the .warmer colors and if the emulsion is originally more sensitive to the colder colors the otherv loo inthe process of making the emulsion, with a dye which will permit either the warmer or the colder colors to be transmitted predominantly. For example, if the film is to be exposedthrough the back (i. e., through the Celluloid), as is essential -for some purposes, the emulsion may be dyed orange as, e. g., by use of dyes previously specified, including one such as said filter yellow K which absorbs violet andultra violet, thus'renderingthe emulsion predominantly transmissive to the warmer colors. Upon exposing the film to a colored object or image field through the back, an image representative of the warmer colors is formedvin the portion W and a complemental image representative of the colder colors is formed inl the portion C; Illus-v trative ways of utilizing the film will be outlined hereinafter.

izo

Fig. 2 shows one method of exposing the film wherein L respresents a focusing lens of 'a camera, projection printer or the like` and set relative to each other a'nd of the respective sets relative to each other.

Instead of using the entire spectrum of colors and dividing the entire light from the object (or image) field into the proper proportions as described, the light may be passed through a color filter adaptedto absorb a.A

part of the spectrum before the light reaches the film, in which case a different 'dye is used in the emulsion to divide the used portion of the spectrum in the desired proportions. For example, the exposin light may be passed through a yellow fi ter X (Fig. 2) which absorbs the blue end of the spectrum I (e. g. violetI and ultra violet) and an acid' scarlet dye (e. g. said eosin incombination with said uranine in the proportions already stated) may be used in the emulsion toy restrict=the green component of light to the entrant side and permit the red or orange com# l phosp ene; or the dye may be applied, as a constituent of elatine or other transparent coating on the ack of the Celluloid after the manner of the well-known non-curling coating. Another method is to employ an extremely heavy staining of the emulsion itself with a d e very strongly absorbing ultraV violet an violet, as for example said filter yellow K or Eastman yellow (color index 640) as already indicated.

Development of the exposed film should be bythe time-temperature method, since the ratio between the red and greed records in the two strata of the film depends not -only upon exposure but to a considerable degree .Y upon development, both as regards the apparent inertia of the records and their apparent contrast. It is desirable to soakhthe film in cold water for a few minutes before placing it in the .developer ;.this causes a preliminaryswelling of the gelatine and enables development to begin'throughout lthe Afilm more nearly simultaneously than would otherwisel be the case. y p 'f The green record can often be improved in speed and in the. form of its characteristicl curve by slightly fogging it previous todevelopment by exposureof the film through the back to rays which are strongly absorbed n by the emulsion. -"""Owing to the fact that the developer acting upon the "green record image in the first stratum must firstpenetrate the second stratum there is a strong tendency for it to become "locally exhausted bv its reaction with the red record image. This has the effect of produclasso ing a local reduction of development of the .green record image underneath relatively h'igh'densities ofthe red record image, with a correspondingly bad effect upon the kfinal color rendering. In order to reduce this socalled exhaustion effect to a minimum it is desirable to use a developer possessing a high diffusion tendency and a relatively low reduction potential. Such a developer is hydroquinone combined with an alkaline carbonate (e. g. -in the ratio of one part hydro- 'quinone to ten parts of'carbonate in one hundred parts of Water). A small amount of metol (color index 875) may also be added ,Y tion, either in superposition for' any .desired substractive process or in non-Superposed relationship for any desired additlve process. For printing by reflection a layer of opaque white material may be provided in the emulsion as for example in the form of silver bromide not fixed out.

If one of the complemental images (the ima-ge representative ofthe Warmer color in the foregoing example) is made much more intense than the other, e. g. ten times as intense, this image may be reproduced by projecting light through both images ofv a complemental set, the intense image predominating to such extent that the combined effect of all the ima es is virtually that ofthe intense image. A er the intense image has been reproduced, or in the case of a motion picture A film after the series of intense Images have been reproduced, th'e intense image or images may be rendered ineffective, as e. g. by bodily removal after which the less intense image y may be reproduced either in superposition...

y with the intense image-or otherwise. When the intense image is on the outside of the film as illustrated, it may be removed by bleaching the film in a solution which produces both images in hardened'ge'latine, and` then etch- 'ing the film in hot water (about 120 F.)

which dissolves the soft gelatine between the l images and allows the intense image to float off but leaves the other image adheringto the cellulpid or other support.

The bleaching solution may comprise approximately 100 parts water, 2 parts chromic acid, 5 parts sodium chloride, and 0.1 part sodium sul'phite. Before placing the film in the solution it is preferably soaked in cold water until the gelatine has swelled to api proximately an equilibrium condition. The

. erably dried before The adhering image is then intensified'optrum. The dye solution converts the silver and at the same time hardens the gelatine in the form of the images. The film 1s removed fromthe bleaching solution as soon as the green record image is completely bleached.

I have found that a fresh bleaching solution containing only chromic acid and sodium chloride or an equivalent mixture does not in eneral yield a very strong gelatine relief.

oreover, there is a tendency 'for the relief to break up in the etching process. These two tendencies can be remedied by a slight chemical reduction of the bleach, which is accomplished by the addition of sodium sulphite or other reducer. The reduced bleach yields a more pronounced `and more coherent relief.

However, an excessive bleach reduction must be avoided, since a` greatly reduced bleach, especially if diluted or slow acting, has the peculiar effect ofimpressing upon the green record relief an image component which 1s proportional to the superposed red record. In other words a positive of the red record is added to or combined with `the green record, for which reason I have calledthis phenomenon the bleach-positive effect. This effect can be substantially avoided by employing a rapidly acting bleach, such as above specified, inasmuch as the eect depends upon the diffusion of gelatine-'hardening substances from the red record into the stratum occupied by the green record.

The bleach-positive effect is in general the reverse of the exhaustion effect; conse uently by regulating the bleach-.positive eect as a ove outlined it may be utilized ap roximately to neutralize 'the exhaustion effhct.

After the image remaining on the film is thoroughly etched with the hot` water to clear up the relief, the silver salts are fixed out in plain hypo, the hypo being subsequently removed by washing, and the film is then preffurther treatment.

tically after which it may be readilyprinted. The intensification may ing the gelatine relief with a dye which strongly absorbs the actinic rays of the specshould have great affinity for gelatine in order lto produce a heavy staining of the relatively thin relief; and it should wash out slowly so that the superficial dye adhering to the surface of the film may be rinsed off without unduly bleeding the iilm. A satisfactory dye for the purpose is croceine scarlet in a 3 per cent. solution with 5 per cent. acetic acid, this dye affording an enormous intensification o'f the original image. The time of immersion of the film in this solution determines the degree of printing contrast which it attains, the contrast continuing to increase slowly over a period as long as be effected by stain-l twelve hours. Ordinarily an immersion of about QOminutes suiices when employing a dye of the above com osition. When roper contrast is attained t e film is removed) from the dye, rinsedr and dried rapidly, after which it is read for printing.

Instead7 of forming one of the complemental imaUes with negligible contrast and then intensifying it after the more intense image has been reproduced, I have discovered various subtraction methods of reproduction which do not depend upon this difference in contrast. When the contrast of the entrant tive or negative, is visible.`

vThe original negative may then be treated y to remove the red record by the same or equivalent method as described` above for this purpose. It is desirable, however, to retain the silver of the green-record image 1n its original form and densities. This can be accomplished if the development of the film is initially by means of a yro formula,"which will give hardening of til of the image simultaneously with development thereof. Any pyro developer containing little or no sulphite preservative may be employed for this purpose. The green-record image thus separated is now superposed in register upon the complement of the total record which was previously obtained. This produces a positive which is substantially that of the red record alone. From this positive is printed a negative which corresponds to the original red-record negative. From these two negatives positives may be formed by any desired process.

With the complementa] images formed in different strata in non-interpenetrating relationship the subtraction method above described involves the subtraction of the densities of the respective images, i. e. the" logarithms of the respective exposures,- in contradistinction to a subtraction of the exposures which would result in using interpenetrating images formed by exposing the same emulsion stratum to the respective color components of light. By subtracting densities lnstead of exposures the component image resulting from the subtraction process has far more accurate density gradations than when subtracting exposures.

Among the other possible methods of sepprinting through both e gelatine in the forml arately reproducing the superposed complemental negatives there are various redevelopment methods which do not necessitate making one of the negatives extremely flat.

`One such method involves converting both negatives into unexposed light-sensitive silver salt, exposing one' negative 'without substantially exposing the other negative, de-

Y veloping the exposed negative, fixing out the silver salt of the unexposed and undeveloped negative with hypo to render the gelatine transparent,` printing-the redeveloped image, then etching off the printed image leaving the transparent image adhering to the celluloid in the form of a relief, and then staining and printing the relief. The conf version of both images into light-sensitive silver salt may be effectedby bleaching in the dark with a solution of copper bromide. One negative may be exposed without substantially exposing the other by heavily dyeing the emulsion, thereby absorbing the light before it reaches the second negative, the d e originally incorporated in the emulsion efore the original exposure ordinarily This mode of reproduction I call the invisi- V ble image method.

An alternative method of separating the component negative images in preparing the os1t1ve 1s to transform each of these images into an image in pure d ve or other coloring matter, each image absorbing exclusively certain spectral rays or colors. I For example. in the case of a two-color record the cold color image might be converted into animage in yellow or minus-blue dye and the warm color image into an image in magenta or minus' green dye orother coloring matter. There are various ways in which. this'could be accomplished. For example, both images may be converted into a flve such as Metanilve low (color index 138) which [when acted upon by an acid becomes magenta in color. A small amount o f acid may then be d'ffused into the film so that the image next to the sur- Y -face 1s converted into magenta whilel the other image isnot 'sensibly affected. Another method is to convert thel image next to the surface Adirectl into a magenta dye image by controlled iiusion and then to convert the remaining image into a yellow image by some process which does not affect the first image, such as toning with metallic salts or the use of a "dye having chemical prope'ties differentifrom that employedV for the first above described. The negative which rei mains in the form of silver salt may be employed as a mordanting base for a dye of the appropriate color which is not absorbed by the metallic silver image. The latter may be colored the 4desired ycolor by any well-known toning process which does not act'upon the silver salt or dye of the other negative. ,By employing a bleach which will convert the silver into silver iodide in the aforesaid bleaching operation a considerable variety of dyes are available in the mordanting process. For example safranine may be employed to reduce a magenta color. Iny the toning process a yellow image may be produced y emplo ing a titanium salt. The negatives thus di erently colored mav be separately printed by using lights of different colors, the light used in printing each negative being absorbed strongly by that negative and weakly, if at all, b the other image.

It 1s clear that when thisconversion of the images into respectively different colors, as above specified, has been accomplished, if blue light is employed to print through the y combined film, only the yellow or minus-blue colored image will beprinted, since the blue lightl will not be abstbed by the magenta image. On the otherl and, if green light is employed, only the magenta or minus-green image will be printed, since the green light will not be absorbed by the yellow image. In this wavit will be possible to effect an optical separation of the two images without removing either of them from thel film and also without involving any appreciable adulteration of one image by traces of the other.

In the last aforesaid method the original exposure need not be made through the celluloid or other support .inasmuch as it is not 'necessar physically to separate the nega tives. onsequently the original lexposure may be made vmuch shorter. p It is evident that a negative film of the ioo character above described may be used to print vboth negative records simultaneously if a positive film having the general structure of the negative film which is described in these specifications is employed. In this case the two strata of the positive film. may

be rendered sensitive to blue and green rays respectively, the entrant side of the ositive emulsion being sensitive only tot e blue while `the emergent side is sensitive also to the green. The entire emulsion 1s stalned 'with a dye which absorbs blue,`so that only the green rays reach the emergent side, while only the blue rays can act on the entrant side.

If the multiple colored negative is used to print on such a ositive with combined blue and green light, 1. e. yellow or possibly white, the cold record image of the negative will be printed on the entrant side of the positive emulsion and the warm record image on the emergent side of the latter.

This method of printing is illustrated in Fig. 3 wherein Fn re resents the celluloidlm, Cn and Wn the` lmse of the negative strata of" the negative emulsion bearing the cold and 'warm images respectively, Pp-the Celluloid support of the positive film, and Cp and Wp the strata of the positive' emulsion intended to receivev the positive images respectively. The strata Cn and Wn may, e. g. be dyed with a blue-absorbing (yellow) dye and with a green-absorbing (magenta) dye respectively, in which case the strata Cp and Wp maybe receptive to blue and green colors respectively. The arrow at the top of the figure indicates the direction of the printing light, which in this example is preferably formed of blue and green components.

Selective staining of the two separated positive images thus obtained may then be carried out so that the positive from the cold color record is converted into a color complei' mentary to that which originally produced the record in the negative, with a corresponding conversion of' the print from the warm color record. A

From the foregoing it Will be evident that instead of the emergent face as is usual, and

so that the more intense image is formed on the emergent side of the emulsion.

While the invention has been described with particular reference to two-color work it is also applicable to the production of pictures with a greater number of color com onents, one application to three-color work eing illustrated in Fig. 4, where two films, each with its own Celluloid base, are employed with their emulsion surfaces in contact.

One of these films may be similar in structure to the'one shown in Fig. 1, (differing merely in color sensitivity) and the other an ordinary panchromatic film. Thusv iny Fig. 4 F represents the celluloid of the first film carrying an emulsion E" the inner stratum C of whichis sensitive to cold color or colors e. g. violet blue, and blue-green, and the outer stratum of which is sensitive to warmer color or colors, e. g. green'and yellow-green. The outer stratum may or may .not be sensitive to y fthe colder colors.

The 'Celluloid of the Isecond' film is designated F and carries an emulsion H which is sensitive to still warmer color or colors,

e. g.' yellow, ora-nge and red. Either the inner stratum C or both strata C and W are,

tive. If the stratum H is also sensitive to green and yellow-green a filter absorptive of these colors may be provided betweenthe v two films, which filter may be in the form of a superficial coating of dve on the face of either film. However. the filter may be eliminated by employing at H an emulsion sensitive only to yellow, orange and red.

I sug est the `followingmethod of4 producing hnssuch as above described. The entire 'emulsion E may be dyed with tartrazine and the outer surface of 'this emulsion may be further dyed with Congo red (color index 370) or rose bengale (color index 777- 779). The emulsion-H may be sensitized throughout with pinacyanol. By using a direct cotton dye, such as Congo red for-example, the dye is confined to a very thin stratum at the surface of the emulsion.

With these films in contact (instead of slightly separated as shown in Fig. 4 they are exposed from the side indicated y the arrow. The violet, blue and blue-green rays expose stratum C and are absorbed thereby so that none. of them reach the other strata. The green and yellow-green rays expose stratum W. And the yellow, orange and red rays expose emulsion H. The latent images in strata C and TW" are treated and reproduced as described above in connection with the two strata in the two-color processes and the image in emulsion H may be developed andprinted in the ordinary way, it being understood that the three positives are suitably colored to give 'the desired color effect when combined. v

The present invention affords many advantages over prior methods of making color photographs, viz

The methods herein described have the obvious advantage over the taking of separation negatives by successive exposures in that both of the negative records must necessarily record the same time phase of the object so to roll-film cartridge or film-pack cameras,

and does not involveA any different manipulation than bla'ck-and-wliite film, except as to length of exposure and possibly the `use'of a color filter although the filter is not essential. f

When reproducing one of the complemen-l tal negatives b transforming it into a elatine relief an then dyeing the relie the contrast of the positive prmted therefrom can be well controlled by regulating theamount of dye incorporated in the relief, thereby accurately balancing the .contrasts of the two positives against each other.

Oneof the greatest diiculties in securing satisfactory color separation records liesV in balancing the exposures. According to this invention exposure balance is practically built into the 'negative film which has been properly manufactured, so that errors on this point cannot be made by the operator.

The ysingle lm feature of -the present method permits automatic attainment of register between the two color components of the positive, provided proper devices are ern-- plnyed. vFor example the original negative an thepositive blanks to be printed upon may bejsimilarly punched and, in printing, thesegpunchings may be held in register-by fitting` bfothfilrns` over pins so placed in the printing frame as to fitv the original perforations. f Since the negative is geometrically identical in .theiprinting of both color component positives, the application of the above methodinsuresl that both positive films may {regist'ered `with respect to each other the case 'of ,imbibition technique with "a thilfdfelement or transfer blank) theysame-:perforations If the mec anijcaleatures; of this method are accurately adjustedthis insures register .of the final; color 'images without placing any relianee on,the eyes or mechanical skill of the i fying the description I operator... f

Another important advantage of the present invention consists in that the emulsions fory the res ective complemental images are integrallyqoined together so that there are no" surfaces of separation to scatter the ex-` posinglight and produce halation.

For the purpose of simplifying and clariave in'man'yinstances referred to the images being reproducedas negatives and the images bein printed as positives but it is to be underst that the invention is likewise applicable to the production of negatives from positives if such reverse procedure is desired for any purpose.,

l claim:

1. A sensitized element for use in 'color photography comprising an emulsion which is sensitive to cbmplemental colors atdiffer- .s ent depths respectively.

2. A sensitized element'for use in-color lapso photography comprising an emulsion which 1s sensltive to complemental colors at diierent depths the first sensitive depth bein substantially insensitive to the complementa color to which a succeeding depth is sensitive.

3. A sensitized element for use inv color photography comprising a transparent sup: port carrying an emulsion which is sensitive to complemental colors in different strata respectively, the sensitivity to warmer colors progressively increasing from the support outwardly.

4. A sensitized element for use in color hotography comprising an emulsion which is sensitive to complemental colors at different depths, the first sensitive depth. loe1n Y substantially absorptive of the complementari color to which it is sensitive.

5. A sensitized element for use in color photography comprising an emulsion which 1s sensitive to complemental colors at different depths, the first sensitive depth being substantially absorptive of the complemental color to which it is sensitive, and being substantially insensitive `to the' complemental color to which a succeeding depth is sensitive.

6. A sensitized element for use` in color `photography comprising a transparent sup-l port carrylng-an emulsion which is sensitive to complemental colors in different strata respectively, the sensitivity to warmer colors progresslvely increasing from the support outwardly, and the inner stratum being substantially` absorptive of the complemental color to which it is sensitive.

l7. A sensitized element for use in color photography comprising a transparent support carrying an emulsion which is sensitive to complemental colors in different strata respectively, the sensitivity to warmer colors progresslvely increasing from ,the support outwardly, and the inner stratum being substantially insensitive to the complemental color to which a succeeding stratum issensitive. A

8. A sensitized element for use in color photography comprlslng a transparent supv port carrying an emulsion which is sensitive to complemental colors in different strata respectively, the sensitivity to warmer colors progressively increasing from the support outwardly, the innerv stratum being substantially absorptve of'the color to which it is sensitive and bein substantiallyinsensitive to the complementa color to which a succeeding stratum is sensitive.

9. A sensitized element for use in color photography comprising an emulsion having a su rposition, the different strata being' sensitive to complemental colors respectively.

10. A' sensitized element for use in color photography com risingan emulsion having a plurality of di erent strata fast together in superposition, the different strata being plurality of different strata fast together in and at least one stratum being substantially insensitive to the complemental color to which a succeeding stratum is sensitive.

11. A sensitized element for use in color photography comprising an emulsion having a plurality of diii'erent strata fast together in superposition, the diil'erent strata being -sensitive tocomplemental colors respectively, and the first stratum being substantially absorptive of the color to which itis sensitive.

12; A sensitive element for use in color photographyV comprising an emulsion which is sensitive to ditlere'nt colors at different is sensitive.

13. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising an emulsion which is sensitive to one color on its emergent side and on its entrant side is both sensitive and relatively opaque to another color.

14. A sensitized element-for use `in color photography comprising a. transparentsupport carrying an emulsion which is sensitive to diii'erent colors in different strata respectively, the sensitivity to warmer colors progressively increasing from the support outwardly, and the innerstratum being-substantially'absorptive o f the color to whichV it is sensitive. f v

15. A sensitized element for use in color A photography comprising a transparent support carrying. an emulsion which is sensitive to different colors in different strata respectively, the sensitivity to warmer colors pro-` gressively increasing from the support out- Wardly, andthe inner stratum being substantially insensitive to a color to which a succeeding stratum is sensitive.

16. A sensitized element for use in color photography comprising a transparent'support carrying an emulsion which is sensitive to di'erentcolors in different strata respectivelythe sensitivity to warmer colors progressively increasing from the support outc wardly., the inner stratum being substantially absorptive of the color to which it is sensitive and being substantially insensitive to .a color to which a succeeding stratum is* sensitive.

17. A sensitized element for use in color photography comprising an emulsiony having .a plurality ofi .different strata fast together in superposition, the dierent strata ,being sensitive to different colors and one stratum being substantially absorptive of the color to which it is sensitive, the lat-ter stratum-beingnearer the entrant side of the emulsion than another stratum.

18. A sensitized element'for use in colorpliotography comprising an emulsion' having .a plurality of -differentgstrata fast together in superposition. one stratum beiner substantially opaque tothe vcolor to'which it is sensitive tive.

19. A sensitive element for use in color v.photography comprising an emulsion which is sensitive to ditl'erent colors at4 dierent depths, one depth being sensitive to reddish color and a depth in advance thereof being both sensitive and substantially opaque to a colder color. Y

20.` A sensitive element foiouse in color photography comprising an emulsion which issensitivevto diferent colors in different strata, an outer stratum being sensitive to a reddish color and an inner stratum being both sensitive and substantially opaque to a colder color.

21. A sensitive element for'use in color photography comprising Van emulsion which is sensitive to different colors in different strata, anouter stratum being sensitive to a reddish color and an inner stratum being both sensitive and substantially opaque to a colder color, and the latter stratum being substantially insensitive to the reddish color.

22. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising ail emulsion vwhich is sensitive to a reddish color on its emergent side and which is both sensitive and substantiilly opaque to a greenish color on its entrant si e.

23. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising an emulsion which issensitive to diifer 'nt colors in diierent strata, an outer stratiim being sensitiveto a -reddish color and an inner stratum being both sensitiveand substantially opaque to a greeny f ish color.

24. A sensitized elementfor use in color photography com rising anemulsion having a plurality o di'erent strata fast-together in superposition, one stratum being Aphotography com rising an emulsion havinga plurality 'o different strata fast .together in superposition, onev stratum being sensitive to a reddish color and another stratum in advance thereof being both sensitive and substantially opaque to a greenish color. o, f 26. IA sensitive element for use 1n color photography comprising an emulsion having .a layer sensitive to red and a laver both sensitive and substantially opaque to green.

27. A- sensitive elementl for use in color photographv comprising an emulsion having a layerl sensitive to red and a'layer both sensitive and substantially opaque to green, and also substantially insensitive to red.

v. 28. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising a transparent support Y' io' carrying an emulison which is sensitive to different colors in diierent strata, an outer stratum being sensitive to red andan inner stratum being both sensitive and substantially opaque to green.

29. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising a transparent support carr ing an emulsion which is sensitive to di erent colors in different strata, an outer stratum being sensitive to red and an inner stratum being both sensitive and substantially opaque to green, and also substantially insensitive to red. 30. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising an emulsion having a layer sensitive to red and orange and al layer both sensitive and substantially opaque to green and blue-green.

3l. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising atransparent support carrying an emulsion which is sensitive to different colors in different strata, an outer stratum being sensitive to red and orange and an inner stratum being both sensitive and substantially opaque to green and blue-green.

. 32. A sensitive element v for use in color photography comprising a layer of emulsion sensitized to red ish light and a layer of emulsion dyed with xylene red.

33. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising a layer of emulsion sensitized to reddish light and a layer of emulsion dyed with uranine and cosine.

.34. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising a layer of emulsion sensitized to reddish light and a layer olf emulsion dyed with uranine, eosine and xylene red.

35. A sensitive element' for use in color photography comprising a layer of emulsion sensitized to reddish light and a superposed layer of emulsiondyed with a solution containing approximately one-tenth to twotenths per cent. cosine and at least approximately five times as much uranine.

Y 36. A1 sensitive element for use in color l photo raphy comprising a layer ofemulsion sensitized to reddish light and asuperposed layer of emulsion dyed with a solution containing approximately one-half per cent. uranine yone-tenth per cent. cosine and livehundredths per cent. xylene red.

37. A n emulsion sensitive to reddish light and dyed with a dye which further sensitizes to a colder color without substantially desensitizing to reddish 1i ht.

38. An emulsion sensitive' to reddish light and dyed with a dye which further sensitizes to a greenish color without substantially desensitizin to reddish li ht.` l

39. A p otographic lm for making color pictures which comprises an' emulsion having one stratum which is sensitive to a color to which another stratum on the entrant side of said first stratum is substantially insensiktive and the latter stratum being sufiiciently4 absorptive of other colors substantially to restrict the exposure of the said first stratum to light of said first color.

' 40. A photographic film for making superposed complemental images which comprises.

an emulsion having different strata sensitive to complemental colors, one stratum` being suiiciently absorptive of colors other than the color to which a succeeding1 stratum is sensitive eiectively to restrict t e ex osure of the latter stratum to the color to W ich it is sensitive.

41. A photographic iilm for making color pictures which comprises an emulsion havin one stratum which is sensitive to a reddis color to which another stratum on the entrant side of said first stratum is substantially insensitive and the latter stratum being suiciently absorptive of colder colors to cause said first stratum to record an image of the reddish color aspect of an object field to which th: emulsion is `exposed from said entrant si e. 42. A photographic film for making superposed complemental images which comprises an emulsion whose st-rata are sensitive to complemental colors, one stratum being substantiall insensitive to the complemental color to w' ich a succeeding stratum is sensitive and being sufiiciently absorptive o the com lemental color to which it is sensitive simu taneously to cause said strata respectively to ren cord complemental images of said color aspects of an object field to which the emulsion is exposed from the-side of thelatter stratum.

43. A photographic film for making superposed complemental images which comprises an emulsion having one stratum which is sensitive to a reddish color andanother stratum which is sensitive to a complemental color but relatively insensitive to the reddish color, the latter stratum being sufficiently absorptive of said com lemental color simultaneously to cause sai strata respectively to record complementa] images of said color aspects of an object field to which the emulsion is exposed from the side of the latter stratum.

44. A photographic film for making superposed complemental images which comprises an emulsion having different strata differently sensitized to complemental colors respectively.

45. A photographic film for makingsup'er` I posed :complemental images comprising au emulsion having di'erent strata diierently sensitized, one stratum being sensitive to a reddish color and another stratum being 'sensitive to a complementa] color.

46. A photographic film for making superposed complementa] images comprising an emulsion having diierent strata differently sensitized, an outer stratum being sensitive i 4 llt lie

to a reddish color and an inner stratum being sensitivetoacolder color.

:geen

47. A photographic film lfor making superD posed complemental 4images comprising an emulsion having different strata differently sensitized, an outer stratum being sensitive to a reddish color and an inner stratum being sensitive to a complemental color.

48. A photographic film ffor making superposed complemental images comprising an sensitive to a greenish color.

emulsion having different strata differentlyits depth.

52. A photographic film'com risingA a single emulsion coatin substantia ly`senfi'tized` to reddish color on stratum.

53. A photographic film for making color pictures which comprisesY a single emulsion coating having one stratum whichfis sensitive to a color to which aiotlier stratum on the entrant side Vof said first stratum is suby i throughout its outer stantially insensitive and the .latter stratumbeing sufiiciently absorptive ofl other colors substantially to restrict the ex osure of the said first stratum to light of sai first color. 54. Aphotographic film for making superposed complemental images which comprises a single emulsion coating having different strata sensitive to complemental colors, one

- stratum being sufiiciently absorptive of colors other than the color to which a succeeding stratum is sensitive effectively to restrict the exposure of the latter stratum to the color to which it is sensitive. v

55. A photographic film for making color pictures which comprises a single emulsion coating having one stratum which is sensitive 'to a reddish color to which another stravtum on .the entrantsde of said first stratum is substantially insensitive and the latter stratum being sufficiently absorptive 'of colder colors to cause said first stratum tov record an image of the reddish color as ct of an object field to which the emulsion is exposed from said entrant side.

56. A photographic film for making superposed complemental `images which comprises a single Aemulsion coating whose strata are sensitive to com lemental colors, onel stratum being sbstantia ly insensitive to the complemental color to which a.l succeedin stratum is sensitive and being sufficiently a sorptive of the complemental color to whichit is sensitive simultaneously to cause said strata respectively to record complemental images of vsaid color aspects of an object field to which the emulsion is "exposed -from the side of the latter stratum.

57. A photographic film for making superposed complemental ima es which comprisesk ya sin le emulsion coating aving one stratum whic is sensitive to a reddish color'and another stratum which is sensitive to a complemental color but relatively insensitive to the reddish color, the latter stratum being sufficiently absorptive of said complemental color simultaneously to cause said strata respectively to record complementalA images -of s aid color aspects of an object field to which the emulsion is exposed from the side of the latter stratum.

58. A photographic-film for` making superl posed` complemental images which comfprise's a single emulsion coating having di erent strata differently sensitized to complemental 'colors respectively.

59. A photographic film for making super-A l osed 4com lemental ima es com rising a P I g P posed complemental images comprising a single emulsion coating having different strata diferentlysensitized, an outer stratumv being sensitive to a reddish color and an inner stratum being sensitive to a colder color.

61. A photographic film for making superposed complemental images comprisin a single emulsion having difi'erentstrata di erent yI sensitized, an outer stratum being sensitive to a reddish color and an inner stratum being sensitive to a. com lemental color.

62. A photographic lm for making superposed complemental images comprising a single emulsion coating having different strata. differently sensitized, one stratum being sensitive to a reddish color and another stratum being sensitive to a greenish color.

63.- A color photographic film or late bearin an emulsion sensitized to recor the color va ues of one portion of the spectrum, said emulsion being transparent to certain of said lll color values and being treated to restrict the remainder of said color values substantially to thev surface of the emulsion.

64. 'A color photographic film or late comprisin an emulsion sensitizedto t e orange red o the spectrum, a second emulsion sensitized to the bluen of the s colored yellow to t ereby diminish the effect of the blue-violet values upon the body of the second emulsion. v

65. 'A color photographic film or plate com- -prisin an emulsion sensitized -to the orange red o the spectrum, a second emulsion senotrum and 'l A 95 60. A photographic film for making superport carrying on one side thereof strata of' emulsions having different sensitivity for recording different color aspects of` a scene in these strata respectively andan intermediate stratum having different characteristics and being permeable to developer.

67. A photographic film comprising a support carrying on one side thereof strata of emulsions having different sensitivity for recording different color aspects .of a scene in these strata respectively and an intermediate stratum which is relatively insensitive and permeable to developer.

68. A photographic film comprising a support carrying on one side thereof three separately applied layers, the first and last of said layers having different sensitivity for recordin different color` aspects of a scene, and each o the three layers being permeable to developer.

, first and last stata respectively, at least one o er. 71. A photographic film comprising a sup- 69. A photographic film comprising a sup- 1 port carrying on one side thereof three separately applied layers, the first andlast of said layers having different sensitivity for recording different color aspects of a scene and the intermediate layer comprising gelatine substantially free from sensitivity.

70. A photographic film comprising a support carrying onone side thereof three strata for recording different color aspects' in the stratum in advance of the last stratum being largely absorptive of light of the color corresponding to the record of the first stratum,` and each stratumy being permeable to develport carryingon one side thereof three separately applied layers for recording different color aspects in the first and last layers respectively, at least one layer in advance of the first layer, and

last layer being/largely absorptive of light of thecolor corresponding to the record of the developer. ,v l

7 2. A photographic film,comprising three strata of gelatine integrally throughout their transverse and vlongitudinal coextents, the 'first and last strata being sensitized to record different color aspects and one of the stra-ta in advance of the last `stratum being largel absorptiveof light' of the color correspond)I .ing to the record of thefirst stratum.

' `f73. A lphotographic film comprising three separately applied layers of gelatine 'inte-l grally united throughout their transverse and lon 'tudinal-coextents, the rst and last layers eing sensitizedto record different each layer being permeable to corresponding to the recordl of the first stratum and the` absorptive stratum being relatively insensitive.

75. A photographic film comprising three` separately ap lied layers of gelatine integrally united t roughout their transverse and longitudinal coextents, the first and last layers being sensitized to record different color Y aspects and one of the layers in advance of the last layer being largely absorptive of light of the color corresponding to thev record ofthe firstlayer and the absorptive layer being free from sensitivity.

76. A photographic film comprising a support carrying on one side thereof three coatings of gelatine directly connected to each other, the first and last coatings being sensitized and one coating being larged absorptive of light to which both of the sensitized coatings 'are sensitive. A

77. A photographic film comprising a snpport 'carrying on one side thereof three strata integrally united throughout their trans'- verse and longitudinal extents, the first and lastl strata being sensitized and onestratum beinglargely absorptive of light,y and each stratum being permeable to developer.

7 8. A transparent support having a photographic emulsion, the outer surface of said emulsion being superficially dyed with a di-l rect cotton dye.

79. A transparent support having a photographic emulsion, the outer surface of said emulsionbeing dyed with Con o red. Y

80. A transparent' support avin a photographic emulsion impregnated wit alight absor ing dye, and being superficially coated with a dye absorbent of light to which said emulsion is sensitive.

81. A support having a photographic emulsion sensitive to a portion of the spectral range, a second support having1 a photographic emulsion sensitive to anoter portion of the spectrum, the outer .surface of one of said emulsions bei-ng dyed. with Congo red, said emulsions being placed in close contact between lthe two sup rts. l

82. The method o making a sensitized elelment for use in color photography which sul ent strata thereof to complemental colors, and rendering the entrant stratum substantially absorptive of the color to which it is sen-r sitive.

84. The method of making a sensitized element for use in color photography which comprises forming a film, sensitizing di'erent `strata thereof to complemental colors, and rendering the entrant stratum substantially absorptive of the color to which it is sensitized, one stratum being sensitized by bathing after the emulsion has solidilied.

85. The method of making a sensitized element for use in color photogra hy which Vcomprises forming a film and sensltizing different strata thereof to complemental colors, one stratum being sensitized before it is joined to another stratum.

86. The method of making a sensitized'element for use in color photography which comprises forming a lm andl sensltizing different strata. thereof to complemental colors, one.` stratum being sensitized before it is joined to another stratum and thev other stratumbeing sensitized by bathing after ,the twostrata have been joined.

87. The method of making a sensitized element flor use in color photography which comprises coating a transparent support with a klayer of emulsion, recoating the support with another layer of emulsion presensitized to reddishcolor, and then sensitizing the first emulsion to a greenish color.

88. The method of making a sensitized ele,- ment for use 1n color photography which comprises coating a transparent support with a layer of emulsion. recoating the support with another layer of emulsion presensitized to reddish color, and then bathing the element in a dye adapted to sensitize the first layer to a greenish color without desensitizing the second layer to the reddish color.

89. The method of making a sensitized element for use in color photography which comprises coating a-support with superposed -strata of emulsion, sensitizing one stratum to Vone color, sensitizing another stratum to another color, and staining the latter stratum to render it substantially opaque to the color to which it is sensitized. Y

90. The method of making a sensitized element for use in color photography which comprises coating a support with an emulsion substantially insensitive to light of certain color, recoating the support with an emulsion, sensitizing the latter coating to said color, and dyeing the first coating to render it sensitive and substantially opaque to anotherA color.

91. The method of making a sensitized element for use in color photography which comprises coating a support with an emulsion substantially insensitive to light of certain color, recoating the support with an emulsion, sensitizing the latter coating tov said color, and rendering the first coating sensitive and substantially opaque to another color with a dye which'doesnot desensitize the second coating.

9,2. The method of making a sensitized element comprising forming an emulsion which is sensitive to reddish light and impregnating the emulsion with a dye which further sensitizes to a colder color without substaptially desensitizing to reddish light.

93. The method of making a sensitized element comprising forming an emulsion which is sensitive to reddish light and impregnating the emulsion with a dye which further sensitizes to a greenish color Without substantially desensitizing to reddish light.

94. The method of making a photographic film 'comprising forming a, layer of emulsion which is predominantly transmissive to light of a predetermined color, and sensitizin the emulsion throughout a portion of its epth to appoximatelythe same color.

plemental images at diiferent depths therein.

96. A photographic element comprising an image-bearing strip having latent complementa-limages at diiferent depths therein, one of the images being relatively flat compared to another. y

97. A photographic element comprising an image-bearing strip having latenty complemental images atv different depths therein, one of the imageshaving negligible contrast compared to another.

photographic element comprisingv Van image-bearing strip having latent com- 98. A photographicelement,comprising an anK image-bearing strip having latent substantially non-interpenetrating images at different depths therein, one of the images having negligible contrast compared to another.

102. A photographic element comprising an image-bearing strip having latent substantially non-interpenetrating complemental ima es at dierent de ths therein.v

103. an image-bearing strip having llatent substantially non-interpenetrating complemental images at different depths therein one of the images being relatively flat compared to an-f ian l other.

photographic e ement comprising caring strip having latent substantially non-interpcnetrating complemental images at different depths therein, one of the images having negligible contrast compared to another.

105. Av hotographic 'element comprising an imagearing strip having latent 'substantially non-interpenetrating complemental images at different depths therein, .the colder-color image bein relatively fiat compared to the warmer-coor image.

106. A photographic element comprising a support and a coating on the support, the coating having at different depths therein la-A tent images corresponding to complemental color aspects.

107. A hotograph element comprising a support and a coating on the support, the' coating having at differentdepths therein latent images corresponding to complemental color aspects, one ofthe images being relatively fiat compared to another.

108. i A photographic element comprising a support and a coating on the support, the coating having at different depths therein latent images corresponding to complemental color aspects, one of the images having negli-- gible contrast comparedto another.

109. A photographic element comprising a support and a. coating on the support, the

coating having at different depths therein latent images corresponding to complemental color aspects, the colder-color image being relatively' flaty compared to the warmer-color image.

110. A photographic element comprisino` la support and a coating on the support, t e coating having at different depths therein substantially non-interpenetrating latent images corresponding to complemen'tal color aspects.

111. A photographic element comprising a support and a coating on the support, the coating having at different depths therein substantially non-interpenetrating latent images corresponding to complementa] color aspects, one of the images lbeing relatively fiat compared to another.

112. A photographic element. comprising a support and ancoating on the support, the

coating having at different depths therein substantially non-interpenetrating latent imagesv corresponding to complementalcolor aspects, one of the images having negligible .contrast compared to another. 1; 113. A' photographic element comprising .a

gelatine layer having superposed complemental latent images in different strata thereof. 1141.A photographic element comprising a gelatine laver having sunerposed complemen-y tal `latent images in dierent strata thereof,y one of lthe images being relatively fiat compared to another.

V115. A photographic element comprising a gelatine layer' having superposed comple encompared to another.

one of the images having negligible contrast tal latent images in different strata thereof,

116. A photographic element comprising a gelatine layer having su erposed complemental latent imagesl in difiirent strata thereof, the colder-color image being relatively flat compared to the warmer-color image.

117. A photographic element comprising a gelatine layer having superposed substantially non-interponetrating latent images in 'different strata thereof.

V118. A photographic element comprising a vgelatine layer having superposed substantially non-interpenetrating latent images in different strata thereof, one of the images being relatively fiat compared to another.

119. A photographic element comprising a gelatine layer having superposed substanf tially non-interpenetrating latent images in different strata thereof, one of the images having negligible contrast compared to another.

120.` A. photographic element comprising .a gelatine layer having superposed substantially non-interpenetrating"latent images in different strata thereof, the images correspondin to complemental color aspects.

121. photographic element comprising a gelatine layer having superposed substantially non-interpenetrating latent images in different strata thereof, the images corresponding to complemental-color aspects, one of the images being relatively fiat compared to another.4 y

122. A photographic element comprising a gelatine layer having superposed substantially non-interpenetrating latent images in different strata thereof, the images corresponding to complemental color aspects, and one of the images having negligible contrast compared to another.

123. A photographic film comprising a single emulsion containing 1n successive strata superposed complemental images based in the same direction.

124. A photographic film comprising a support and a single emulsion coating on one side of the support containing in successive strata a plurality of complemental images based toward Kthe support.

125. A photographic film comprising a single emulsion containing distinct images 1n successive strata respectively, a plurality of the images being based in the same direction.

126. A photographic film comprising a single emulsion containing distinct images in vsuccessive stratavrespectively. a plurality of emulsion containing-in successive layers -superposed complementall nuages based ward the support.

` passing through t `a transparent sup ort and a coatin support, the coating` having comp emental' lasso 129. A photographic film comprising an emulsion containing complemental images in successive layers, one image being suiiciently transparent relatively to the other ima e that the latter image may be printed by lig t ie first image. v v 130. A photographic film coin rising vanl emulsion containing complementa images in' successive layers, one image being at relatively to the other image. e

131. A photographic element comprising a support and a plurality of coatings on the same side of the support, two of said coatings having therein, respectively, non-interpenetrating latent images'corresponding to complemental color aspects.

132. A photographic element comprising a support and a plurality-,of coatings on the same side of the support, two of saidvcoatings having therein, `respectively, non-interpenetrating latent images corresponding to com-A Elemental color aspects and being separated y a third coating. g

133. A hotographic negative, comprising an imagecai/ing strip having complemental images therein at different depths.

134. A photographic negative, comprising an image-bearing strip having substantially.

non-interpenel'rating images therein at different depths. v

135. A hotographic negative comprising an image-bearing strip having substantially non-interpenetrating complemental images .therein at diiferent depths.

136. A photographic negative comprising a transparent supportand a coating on the support, the coating having at diferent depths therein substantially non-interpenetrating images representing complemental color aspects.

137 A photographic negative comprising on the images therein at diierent depths, the image nearest the support being relatively flat compared to another imaoe.

138. A photographic negative comprisingv a transparent support and a coating on the support, the coating having` substantially non-interpenetrating images therein at different depths, the image nearest the support being relatively flat compared to another image. i

139. A photographic negative comprising a transparent sup ort and a coating on the support, the 'coating having substantially non-interpenetrating complemental images therein at di'erent depths, the image nearest the support being relatively lat compared to v another image. 140. A phetographic negative having a plurality of "superposed developed images, one of the images being substantially transparent. 4 v

141. A photographic negative having a lsalt.

plurality .of superposed developed complemental images, one of thev images beinglsubvstantially transparent.

142. A photographic negative having a plurality of superposed substantially nonint-erpenetrating developed images, one of the ima es being substantially transparent. 143. photographic negative having a plurality of superposed developed complementalimages, one of the images being transparent and relatively-thin.

144. A photographie negative having a plurality ofk superposed developed images,y

the image representing the colder color being substanti ally transparent.

145. A photographic negative comprising a transparent support, a coating on the supn port having a plurality of superposed developed images, the image next to the support being substantially transparent.

146. A photographic negative comprising a transparent support, a coating on the support havinga plurality' of 'superposed developed images, the image next to the support representing the colder color and being substantially transparent.

' 147. A photographicv negative having a plurality of superposed developed images on the same side of the'support, one of the images being constituted by transparent sil- --ver salt. l

148. A photographic negative having a plurality of superposed developed comple- .mental ima es on the same side ofthe support, one o the images being constituted by transparent silver salt.

149. A photographic negative having a` lurality of superposed ysubstantially noninterpenetrating developed images on the same side of the support, one of the lmages being' constituted by transparent` silver salt.

150. A photographic negative having a plurality of superposed developed images on the same side of t e support, .the image representing the colder color being constituted by transparent silver salt.

forming different color-value images in successive strata of an emulsion by selective eX- posure to diiierent color components of a Apolychromatic beam andV obstructing the pasimages forming two diierent color-value images 1nl sage of any component to a stratum beyond that predominantly ex osed thereby.

154. The method yo producing multiplex which comprises simultaneously two successive strata of an emulsion by selective exposure to two diii'erent color components of a polychromatic beam and with the first stratum substantially preventing the passage of the component wlth which the stratum is predominantly exposed.v

155. The method which comprises simultaneously forming, with a single polychromatic beam of light, different color-value images in successive strata of an emulsion sensitized to different color components of lifght by selectively absorbing, with certain o the strata, the color component to which each such stratum is sensitive, v

156. The method which comprises .simultaneously forming different color-value ima es of a colored scene in respective strata o an emulsion With-a singlepolychromatic beam of light by selectively absorbing and transmitting the 'color components of the Y light in accordance with the color sensitivity of the successive strata.

157. The method which com rises concomitantly forming complemental images respectively in successive strata of an emulsion by selective exposure to diiierent color components of a polychromaticbeam and absorbing certain of the components by the stratum selectivel exposed thereby.

158. T e method which comprises concomitantly lforming two complemental images respectively in two successive strata of an emulsion by selective exposure to two different color components of a polychromatic beam and with the first stratum substantially preventin the passage of the component with whic 1 the first stratum is predominently exposed.

159. The method of making superposed. complemental images in a single emulsion which comprises forming the images in latent form in different depths of the emulsion respectively, and developing the images concomitantly.

160. The lmethod of making superposed complemental images in a single emulsion which comprises simultaneously forming the images in latent form in different depths of the emulsion respectively, and developing the images concomitantly.

161. The method of making superposed complemental images in a single emulsion which comprises incorporating within the emulsion a light-retarding d e,.formin the images in latent form inV diy erent dept s of the emulsion respectively, one of the images bein restricted to a partial depth of the emu sion by the light-retarding dye, and developing the images concomitantly.

Y 162. A method of producing a color photolasso y graph comprising formin in layers of emulsion sensitized respective y to record diii'erent color values, a lurality of superimposed latent images'of ifferent color sensations,

developing said latent ima es and coloring respectively in Y the ima es thus develope colors ot er than those whose values are recorded in the said respective images.

163. A method of producing a color graph comprising formin sion sensitized respective y to record differhotoent color values, a lurality of-superimposed ii'erent color sensations, developing said latent images and' coloring y latent images of each of the respective images thus devcioped with a color whose values are recorded by l another of said images.

164. The method of producing a color photograph in two colors comprising forming in layers of emulsion sensitized respectively lto record different color values and combined to constitute a substantially unitary body, two superimposed latent imagesofdiierent color sensations, simultaneously developing and then fixing said two images and then coloring each of said images with that color whose values are recorded bythe other image.

165. The method of producing a color photograph which comprises concomitantly forming, in unitediayers of emulsion respectively sensitized to record different color valspectively sensitized to recorddifferent color values, a pluralitg' of superposed latent images recording iferent color values, and concomitantly developing said images.

in layerso emul- 168. The method of producing a color phol tograph with a suitable support having on one side layers of emulsion sensitized respectively to yrecord different color values, which comprises forming simultaneously in said layers of emusion two latent images recording respectively thev orange-red and the blue-green of the spectrum, the effect of the' blue-violet light upon the latter image being diminished by excludin a part of said lightv from the portion of t e emulsion affected thereby and then ydeveloping and coloring the ima es formed.

169. e method of making complemental images in an'emulsion sensitized to complemental colors at differentV depths, which comprises ex osing the emulsion with light of the comp emental col/ors, restricting to the' (lll :asso

pths which includes the step of treatinlg the images with a developer having a hig dii'usion tendency and a low reduction potential.

171. The method of making a hotographic element having images at di erent depths which includes the step of'reducmg the exhaustive effect of the outer nuage on the inner image by the use of hydroqumone and an alkali.

172. The method of making a photoraphic element havingimages at different depths which includes the step of reducing the exhaustive effect of the outer image on the inner image by the use of hydroqulnone and bromide. l

173. The method of making a hotorafphic element having images atdi erent depths which includes the step of reducing the exhaustive effect of the outer image on the inner image by the use of hydroqulnone' and an alkaline carbonate and bromide.

174. The method of making a photoraphic element having images at dilerent depths which includes swelling the gelatine by introducin a. liquid thereintm'and subsequentl deve oping the images.

175. Ilhe method of making a hotographic element having images at di erent depths which includes swelling the gelatine by introducing a liquid thereinto, and subsequently treating the images with a devel- .oper having a high diifusion tendency and a low reduction potential.

176. The method` of making a hotographic element having ima es at di erent depths therein which inclu es the step of fogging a stratum of the emulsion before developing the images. f' 177. The method of making af hotographic element having images at di erent depths therein which includes the ste of fo ging an inner stratum of the emu sion be lore developing the images.

178. The method of making a hotographic element having ima es at di erent depths therein which inclu es the step of logging and swelling the gelatine before developing the images. i

179. The method of making a photographic element having ima at dilerent depths therein which inclu es the step of fogging and swelling the gelatine and subsequently treating it with a developer hav.- ing a high diffusion tendency and a low reduction otential.

180. he method of producing a color photograph which comprises concomitantly it is sensitize and transmitting toforming, in united layers of emulsion tively sensitized to record different color values, a plurality of superposed latent images recordin different color values, and reproducing sai images in united layers of emulsion respectively sensitized to record different color values.

181. The method of producing a color photograph which comprises concomitantly forming, in united layers of emulsion respectively sensitized to record different color va1ues,. a plurality of superposed latent images recording d1fferent color values, and reproducing said images without separating sa1d layers.

182.,A method of tograph with a suita le support having on one side layers of emulsion sensitized res tivelyl to record different color values w ic comprises forming simultaneously in said layers of emulsion a plurality of latent images of different color sensations, developing and coloring said ima es ,in the dilerent respective colors without isturbing the relative positions of said images in said emulsion to thereby produce two superimposed images in different colors in an emulsion on one side of said support, and printing a posi-v tive from the negatlve thus formed.

183. The method of producing a color photograph with a suitable support having on one side layers of emulsion sensitized res ctively7 to record dierent color values w 'ch comprises forming in said layers of emulsion a lurality of superimposed ima es of the su ject photogra hed, each o said images recording a di erent color sensation, individually coloring said images to form a negative in diierent colors without disturbing the relative said emulsion to thereby produce two superimposed images in different colors in an .emulsion on one side of said support, printing from this negative in a single operation a positive to form on said positive a plurality of superimposed latent images of differentcolor sensations, and subsequently developing and coloring said positive.y

184. The method of .glroducing a color .i

photograph with a suita le support having on one side layers of emulsion sensitized respectively to record diierent color values,

reducing a color pho-l positions of saidk images inl qimo which comprises forming simultaneously in said layers of emulsion a plurality of latent images of different color sensations, develo al1 of said latent images, suocessivey 1n coloring the respective images and subsequently printing a positive from the negative thus formed, said positive being constituted similarly to the negative and being subjected to a similar treatment to produce the linished picture.

185. The method of producing a color ff photograph with a suitable support having 'on one side layers of emulsions sensitized said layers of emulsion a plurality of `latent a support images of different 'color sensations, subsequently developing and coloring the respective images to form a negative, `orming a positive comprising a plurality of coatings sensitized respectively for colors complementary to the lcolors employed in tle negative, rintin t e sitive in a sing eoperation,pand sisequgiitly' developing and `toning the images formed on said positive.

186. The method of reproducing images superposed on the same side of a supportwhich comprises rendering one image relatively ineiective on printing light and passin ight through both images to print the ot r image.

187. The method of making color pictures which comprises separately printing superpzsed complemental pictures, one image ing printed b light passingthrough the other image, an the latter image being rendered relatively ineffective during the printing of the first image. I 188. The method of separating superposed components of a representation of two color aspects of an object field on the same side of which comprises printing one component by light passing through the representation of both color aspects, the other component being rendered substantial] ineffective during the `printing of the rst com- 189. The method of separating superposed components of a-representation of two color pr nting one component by printing -printed image and aspects of an object field whilchhcomprises A i ig t through the representation of bot color aspcts, the other component being rendered su tantially ineffective during the printing of the iirstcomponent, then removing the first component and lprinting the second component.

' 190. The method ofvseparating superposed.

components of a representation of two' color ects of anV object eld which comprises lone component by 'lightv ing through the representation of bot color aspgtcts, the other component being rendered su antially ineffective during the printing of thei "pomponent, removingthe first component, and then rendering the second method of making color pictures from4 superposed'compleme'ntal imag'es which comprises printingone image without "sepa-'- rating the images, and then removing' the printed image' and printingY the other image.

192. The method of making color pictures from superposed complemental images which comprses printing one image without separating the images, an'd then' etching o the 193. The method of making color pictpres nsssingV image, and then printing the other image.

from superposed com lemental 'silver images which includes treating the images with a bleach containing a reducer.

194. The method of making color pictures from superposed complemental silver images which includes 'treating the images with a Y bleach containing an al li sulphite. 195. The method of making color 'pictures from superposed complemental silver images which includes treatin the images' with a bleach acting with su cient ra idity substantially to prevent the images om affecting each other. 4

196. .The method of making color pictures from superposed com lemental silver images which includes treating the imagesl with a bleach to harden the gelatine throughout the images while preventing the "diusion of latine hardening substances from one image to another.

197.' The method of making color pictures from superposed complemental silver images which includes hardenin the gelatine throughout each image an then separating the images by dissolving thefsoft gelatine therebetween.

, 198. The method of making color pictures image, and printg the other image.

199. The meth of\making color pictures from superposed complemental silver images l ing one image, bleach- Y a which comprises prin ing the images, etc in image, and then intensi the other image.

200. The method of making color pictures from superposed complemental silver images whichcomprises printing one image, bleaching the images, etching of the of! the printed 'ng and printing other image.

201. The method of making color pictures from superposed complemental silver images which comprises bleaching and separating the images, and dyeing one image vwitha dye having a heavy staining wer.

Themethod of ma from superposed complemental silver images which comprises bleaching and separating the; images, and' dyeing` one image with a dye having a heavy staining -power and having a slow washing out rate.

' Y 203.l The `method of making color pictures images V from superposed'complemental silver which comprises printing one image, bleaching and separating;` the mages, and dyeing one image with a' ye' having a heavy strainmg power. *y

Y`204. The method 'of making color ictures comprising simultaneo forming, ycomposite light, complemen images atdiierent depths in an emulsion adapted to respond i printed y staining and printing the g color pictures I predominantly to-,dierent lightcomponents strata, and separately at different depths, and separately re roducin `the complemental images in iil'erent co ors.

205. The method of making color ictures comprisin simultaneously forming, by composite light, complemental images at different depths in an emulsion adapted to respond predominantly to different light components at different depths, and separately printing and coloring the complemental images. A

206.. The method of making color pictures comprisin exposing an emulsion having superpose strata sensitive to light components of different colors, simultaneously to form complemental images in the respective printing the images to form complemental pictures, the image of one layer being printed by light passing through the other layer, the image of the other-layer being rendered substantially ineffective during the printing of the first ima e.

20 The method of making color pictures comprising exposing an emulsion lhaving superposed strata sensitive to light components of different colors, simultaneously 4to form complemental images in the respective strata, and printing the images to form complemental pictures, at least one image being printed Without separating the layers.

. 208.' The method of separating superposed components of a representation of two color aspects of an object field which comprises printing oneV component by light passing through the representation of both color aspects, the other component being rendered substantially ineective during the printing of they first component.

209. The method of making color pictures which comprises forming a latent image in one stratum of a sensitized emulsion, simultaneously forming a relatively thin compiemental latent image in another stratum' of n the emulsion, developing the images, printing the first image by passing light through both images, removing the iirst image, arid printing the second image.

210. The method of making color pictures Whichcomprises simultaneously forming' complemental latent images in different strata' of an emulsion by exposing the emul-` sion through its transparent support, making the first image next to the support substan-` tially negligible compared to the second image, printing the second image by light passing through both images, removing the second image, and rinting the rst image.

211. The methodlof making color p'ctures which comprises forming superposed coniplemental silver images on thefsame side of a support, dyeing the images diierent colors and then printing the images respectively with light of different colors.

212. The method of making color pictures comprising simultaneously forming, by composite light, complemental images at dilerent dept sin an emulsion adapted to respond predominantl to different light com onents at different epths, and subsequent y converting the respectivel images into a composite color picture.

313. The method of making color pictures comprising simultaneously forming complemental lnegatives at different depths in an emulsion, and subsequently producing positives from the negatives, the production of the positives including passing a beam of light through the negatives in series.

214. The method of making color ictures which comprises producing at ifferent depths in an emulsion superposed components of a color representative of an ob]ect 216. The method of producing a color photograph, comprising forming in layers of emulsion on lthe same side of their su port ,and sensitized respectively to record di erent color values a plurality of superimposed images of the subject photographed, each of said ima es recording a different color sensation, in ividually coloring said images to form a negative in proper colors, printing from this negative in a. single operation a positive to form on said positive a plurality of superimposed latent images of different color sensations, and subsequently developing and coloring said positive.

217. A method of producing a color photograph, comprising forming simultaneouslyin layers of emulsion on the same side of their support and sensitized respectively to record different color values a plurality of latent images of different color seiisations. developing all of said latent images, successively coloring the respective images, and subsequently ,printing a-positive :from the negative thus formed. said positive being constituted similarly to the negative and betaneously in layers of lemulsion on the same side of their support and sensitized to record subsequently developing and ,coloring thefrespective images to form a negative, forming zim III

respectively different color values a plurality l of latent images of different color sensations,