USRE16535E - A cobpobation - Google Patents

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Publication number
USRE16535E
USRE16535E US16535DE USRE16535E US RE16535 E USRE16535 E US RE16535E US 16535D E US16535D E US 16535DE US RE16535 E USRE16535 E US RE16535E
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Prior art keywords
fireproof
abrasive
waterproof
adhesive
backing
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in sandpaper, emery cloth','etc., and more particularly Sandpaper or emery cloth made fireproof preferably with a waterproof cement binder for the abrasive.
  • the sandpaper or emery cloth of the present invention is therefore not only fireproof but is also waterproof.
  • Sand paperfand emery cloth are ordinarily inflammable and combustible.
  • the inflammable characterof the material adds to the fire hazard, not only during its manu facture, but alsoduring its transportation and storage, and also during itsvuse.
  • sandpaper which is merely watfizras to catch fire by spontaneous combustion, resulting in considerable damage.
  • the present, invention provides an improved sheet abrasive such as sandpaper or emery cloth, which is waterproof and also fireproof or incombus'tible in the sense that it is not readily, inflammable and resists combustion.
  • both the paper or cloth backing, and the waterproof cement'used are fireproofed, so that 'the resulting flexible abrasive sheet is made up of both a fireproof backing and a fireproof and waterproof cement for the'abrasire material.
  • the backing employed may be paper or cloth backing such as is now commonly employed in making sandpaper and emery cloth. Itis specially treated, however, by a fireproofing treatment to make it fireproof or incombustible.
  • the waterproof cement employed may be varied. It may be made, for example, of the usual varnis ingredients, such as oils, resins, etc., but there is added to the cement and compounded therewith, suitable fireproofing ingredients, so that the resulting waterproof cement is also fireproof and contains in its composition appropriate fireproofing ingredients.
  • rnnnmvanm assxenoa'rduxrrnn sum-res comm, or wnmmsroar.
  • rnmwsxnvanu a conromnox or enter annasrvn xumnm.
  • the solution may be applied hot or cold to the aper or V fabric, depending on how .readily t e paper Io. 1,091,001, dated June 29,1020. Serial m5. 29.833, fertil 111 1:. 1m. A ncatlon for reissue lled August 7. 1828. Serial No. 121,970.
  • the paper or cloth absorbs the solution ,of fireproofing material.
  • the paper or cloth may then be allowed to dry in the air or in a rying oven before the waterproof binder or cement is applied.
  • the waterproof adhesive or cement may be made from drying oils and: gum and resins in the way varnishes are made, with the addition of driers or siccatives to hasten the drying or curing operation, and. fireproofing materials are added and. com'- pounded therewith in such proportion as to render the adhesive or cement substantially fireproof when used in making the abrasive paper, cloth, or other desirable product.
  • varnish, oils, resins, driers, etc. commonly used in making waterproof varnish composition, are well known in the art, as well as the thinners or solvents,'1ike turpentine. for thinning the composition to facilitate its application.
  • the fireproofing materials compounded with the waterproof adhesive may be organic or inorganic compounds which are of a suitable character to prevent burning of the product and to render it substantially fireproof particularly when employed in the composition in substantial amounts.
  • Blown linseed oil 1400 Varnish gum ('copal) 1000 Manganese resinate 30 Triphenyl phosphate 400 Ammonium sulphate 400 done as in the manufacture of varnishes. maybe fused and heated until the required amount of distillation has occurred in order that the gum may compound readily withv v
  • the actual mixing and compounding ofv the gum, oil, and drier may be The gum the oil.
  • the heated oil may then be added in small portions at a time with stirring.
  • the drier may be added to the heated oil, or the fused gum when ready to lake the oil, or to the compounded resin and oil.
  • the triphenyl phosphate may be added to the compound resin,-oil, and drier while still hot. After cooling to about 100 C, the linely powdered ammonium sulphate may be stirred into the compounded mixture.
  • the resulting material may then be treated in a paint mill or other suitable apparatus to secure uniform distribution of the salt.
  • the viscous composition thus obtained may be used alone, or may be diluted with suitable solvents, to make satisfactory its workability in the manufacturing process.
  • This material either with or without solvents, may be used for waterproofing the paper or cloth backing with a fireproof cement, as well as forthe adhesive coating for securing the abrasive to the cloth or paper. That is, the paper or fabric may be rendered waterproof, as well as fireproof, by the application to both sides thereof of the fireproof and Waterproof composition, such as the composition above mentioned. So also, if the paper or fabric has previously been fireproofed by an independent treatment, it may be waterproofed on both sides with the fireproof and waterproof compositions, and the abrasive may be applied to one side or to both sides of the paper or fabric so treated. Where the abrasive is applied only to one side of the paper or fabric, the other side may be treated with a light waterproofing treatment sufficient to render it waterproof, and this waterproofing will be accomplished without sacrificing the desired fireproof character of the waterproof product.
  • a coat of the proper consistency preferably heated to about 60 (3., may be applied to one side,
  • the paper or cloth may then be passed to another machine, or back through the same machine, and given a second or top coating of adhesive, in the manner customary, for example, in making sandpaper or emery cloth with the use of glue as an adhesive.
  • the second coating may be dispensed with, but such second coatings are customary in the art.
  • the adhesive and abrasive are applied to only one side of the sheet, the other side may be watcsproofed by treating with any suitable waterproofing material, but this waterproofing material, as above indicated, is advantageously one which contains fireproofing agents.
  • a somewhat diluted mixture made. for example, by diluting the above composition with a solvent. or made by compounding a drying oil with suitable fireproofing material, may be used for this purpose.
  • a waterproofing and fireproofing composition maybe applied before or after the abrasive side is ')re )ared.
  • the waterproof and lll'tlH'OOf compositions applied to the two sides of the paper or cloth may be sufficient to render it fireproof as well as waterproof. in which case a special preliminary treatment of the cloth or fabric backing to render it fireproof may be unnecessary, although, in general, it is ad vantageous to fireproof the cloth fabric independently and before the application thereto of the waterproof cement.
  • top coats of the cement may be applied heated to between and 100 (1., and by supplying warm airto hasten the drying and curing. e. g., by polymerization, oxidation, etc., of the adhesive andwaterproofing materials.
  • the method of applying the waterproof cement by spreading it evenly over the paper or fabric, and by applying the powdered abrasive thereto (such as emery powder, glass powder, etc.) is similar to that commonly employed when using glue and other material as adhesive or cement, and the drying or curing of the cement may be carried out in the same way that varnish films or layers are commonly dried or cured to convert the varnish films into a waterproof film or coating.
  • the powdered abrasive thereto such as emery powder, glass powder, etc.
  • the improved product of the present inventionso obtained is a substantially waterproof and in addition a substantially fireproof abrasive sheet, with both the sheet backing and the waterproof cement, as well as the powdered abrasive material itself, fireproof or incombustiblein the sense that they resist combustion and prevent burning of the product or render the material substantially fireproof.
  • the invention provides a new and improved flexible sheet abrasive which has the important advantage of being fire resistant or fireproof, and that the sheet abrasive is fireproofed both in the sheet backing and in the adhesive cement applied thereto.
  • the advantages of the invention are obtainable in part by fireproofing only the backing or the cement, the portion which is not fireproofed remains combustible, while by specially fireproofing both the backing and the adhesive, a composite product is obtained which is substantially fireproof or fire resistant throughout, even though it is made up of a cloth or paper backing and of a varnish composition which, without the fire roofing treatment or ingredients, would e of a readily combustible or inflammable nature.
  • the present invention accordingly makes possible the utilization of ingredients which commonly give a readily combustible or inflammable roduct, but with the production instead 0 a substantially incombustible, or fireproof, or fire resistant product.
  • a flexible sheet abrasive material comprising a flexible backing, an abrasive, and a stable and permanently flexible adhesive for securing said abrasive to said backing, which adhesive is fireproof and remains fireproof and retains its adhesive and flexible properties after being thoroughly wetted.
  • a flexible sheet abrasive material comprising a flexible backing, a fireproof abrasive, end a stable and permanently flexible adhesive for securing said abrasive to said backing, which adhesive is waterproof and fireproof and remains fireproof and retains its adhesive and flexible properties after being thoroughly wetted.
  • a flexible sheet abrasive material comprising a flexible fireproof and waterproof backing, a fireproof abrasive, and a stable and permanently flexible adhesive for securing said abrasive to said backing, which adhesive is waterproof and fireproof and remains fireproof after being thoroughly wetted.
  • Sheet abrasive material comprising sheet backing and .a waterproof cement for the abrasive secured thereto, said cement containing triphenyl phosphate.
  • Sheet abrasive material comprising sheet backing anda waterproof cement for the abrasive secured thereto, said cement containing ammonium sulphate.
  • Sheet abrasive material comprising sheet backing and a waterproof cement for the abrasive secured thereto, said cement containing triphenyl phosphate and ammonium sulphate.
  • a flexible sheet abrasive product comprising a flexible backing, an abrasive material, and a stable and permanently flexible adhesive for securing the abrasive material to said backing, which adhesive is fireproof.
  • a flexible sheet abrasive product comprising a flexible backing, an abrasive material, and a stable and permanently flexible adhesive for securing said abrasive material to said backing, which adhesive is fireproof and remains fireproof and retains its adhesive and flexible properties in use of the material.
  • An article of manufacture in the nature of sandpaper comprising a flexible sheet fabric backing, a layer of abrasive material and a stable and fireproof adhesive composition interposed between said layer. of abrasive material and said backing without destroying the flexible properties of the latter, said composition being of a nature to impart waterproof qualities to the article to permanently maintain its adhesive and bonding elfect between said backing and said abrasive material when the article is immersed in water.
  • Sheet abrasive material comprising sheet backing, an abrasive and a fireproof adhesive composition for said abrasive secured thereto, said composition containing triphenyl phosphate and ammonium sulphate.
  • Sheet abrasive material comprising sheet backing, an abrasive and a waterproof and fireproof adhesive composition for securing the abrasive to the sheet backing, said adhesive composition containing a drying oil, a gum and fireproofing compounds of triphenyl phosphate and ammonium sulphate.

Description

' proof and therefore readily inflammable, been known Rama Jan. 11, 1927.
UNITED STATES Re. 16,535 PATENT OFFICE.
11mm! Josarfi, am Paras rans'rnvaxna Io 'Drawing. Origins '1 This invention relates to improvements in sandpaper, emery cloth','etc., and more particularly Sandpaper or emery cloth made fireproof preferably with a waterproof cement binder for the abrasive. The sandpaper or emery cloth of the present invention is therefore not only fireproof but is also waterproof.
Sand paperfand emery cloth are ordinarily inflammable and combustible. The inflammable characterof the material adds to the fire hazard, not only during its manu facture, but alsoduring its transportation and storage, and also during itsvuse. On occasions. sandpaper which is merely watfizras to catch fire by spontaneous combustion, resulting in considerable damage. The present, invention provides an improved sheet abrasive such as sandpaper or emery cloth, which is waterproof and also fireproof or incombus'tible in the sense that it is not readily, inflammable and resists combustion.
According to the present invention, both the paper or cloth backing, and the waterproof cement'used, are fireproofed, so that 'the resulting flexible abrasive sheet is made up of both a fireproof backing and a fireproof and waterproof cement for the'abrasire material. 7
The backing employed may be paper or cloth backing such as is now commonly employed in making sandpaper and emery cloth. Itis specially treated, however, by a fireproofing treatment to make it fireproof or incombustible. The waterproof cement employed may be varied. It may be made, for example, of the usual varnis ingredients, such as oils, resins, etc., but there is added to the cement and compounded therewith, suitable fireproofing ingredients, so that the resulting waterproof cement is also fireproof and contains in its composition appropriate fireproofing ingredients.
a solution of the fireproofing agent or agents,
or rmsnuaen. rnnnmvanm. assxenoa'rduxrrnn sum-res comm, or wnmmsroar. rnmwsxnvanu,a conromnox or enter annasrvn xumnm.
or the fireproofing agent or agents ma used or incorporated into the paper or c 0th,
satisfactory for this purpose. The solution may be applied hot or cold to the aper or V fabric, depending on how .readily t e paper Io. 1,091,001, dated June 29,1020. Serial m5. 29.833, fled 111 1:. 1m. A ncatlon for reissue lled August 7. 1828. Serial No. 121,970.
or cloth absorbs the solution ,of fireproofing material. The paper or cloth ma then be allowed to dry in the air or in a rying oven before the waterproof binder or cement is applied.
The waterproof adhesive or cement may be made from drying oils and: gum and resins in the way varnishes are made, with the addition of driers or siccatives to hasten the drying or curing operation, and. fireproofing materials are added and. com'- pounded therewith in such proportion as to render the adhesive or cement substantially fireproof when used in making the abrasive paper, cloth, or other desirable product.
The varnish, oils, resins, driers, etc., commonly used in making waterproof varnish composition, are well known in the art, as well as the thinners or solvents,'1ike turpentine. for thinning the composition to facilitate its application.
The fireproofing materials compounded with the waterproof adhesive may be organic or inorganic compounds which are of a suitable character to prevent burning of the product and to render it substantially fireproof particularly when employed in the composition in substantial amounts.
.The invention will be further illustrated by the following specific example describing a flexible waterproof cement or adhesive which is also fireproof. In the. formula given, the parts are by weight.
Blown linseed oil 1400 Varnish gum ('copal) 1000 Manganese resinate 30 Triphenyl phosphate 400 Ammonium sulphate 400 done as in the manufacture of varnishes. maybe fused and heated until the required amount of distillation has occurred in order that the gum may compound readily withv v The actual mixing and compounding ofv the gum, oil, and drier may be The gum the oil. The heated oil may then be added in small portions at a time with stirring. The drier may be added to the heated oil, or the fused gum when ready to lake the oil, or to the compounded resin and oil. The triphenyl phosphate may be added to the compound resin,-oil, and drier while still hot. After cooling to about 100 C, the linely powdered ammonium sulphate may be stirred into the compounded mixture. The resulting material may then be treated in a paint mill or other suitable apparatus to secure uniform distribution of the salt.
The viscous composition thus obtained may be used alone, or may be diluted with suitable solvents, to make satisfactory its workability in the manufacturing process. This material, either with or without solvents, may be used for waterproofing the paper or cloth backing with a fireproof cement, as well as forthe adhesive coating for securing the abrasive to the cloth or paper. That is, the paper or fabric may be rendered waterproof, as well as fireproof, by the application to both sides thereof of the fireproof and Waterproof composition, such as the composition above mentioned. So also, if the paper or fabric has previously been fireproofed by an independent treatment, it may be waterproofed on both sides with the fireproof and waterproof compositions, and the abrasive may be applied to one side or to both sides of the paper or fabric so treated. Where the abrasive is applied only to one side of the paper or fabric, the other side may be treated with a light waterproofing treatment sufficient to render it waterproof, and this waterproofing will be accomplished without sacrificing the desired fireproof character of the waterproof product.
In applying the cement or adhesive, a coat of the proper consistency, preferably heated to about 60 (3., may be applied to one side,
of the paper or cloth. Abrasive grit may then be distributed thereon in any suitable manner, and excess or loose grit removed. The paper or cloth may then be passed to another machine, or back through the same machine, and given a second or top coating of adhesive, in the manner customary, for example, in making sandpaper or emery cloth with the use of glue as an adhesive. For special purposes, the second coating may be dispensed with, but such second coatings are customary in the art.
W here the adhesive and abrasive are applied to only one side of the sheet, the other side may be watcsproofed by treating with any suitable waterproofing material, but this waterproofing material, as above indicated, is advantageously one which contains fireproofing agents. A somewhat diluted mixture made. for example, by diluting the above composition with a solvent. or made by compounding a drying oil with suitable fireproofing material, may be used for this purpose. uch a waterproofing and fireproofing composition maybe applied before or after the abrasive side is ')re )ared. In some cases, the waterproof and lll'tlH'OOf compositions applied to the two sides of the paper or cloth may be sufficient to render it fireproof as well as waterproof. in which case a special preliminary treatment of the cloth or fabric backing to render it fireproof may be unnecessary, although, in general, it is ad vantageous to fireproof the cloth fabric independently and before the application thereto of the waterproof cement.
Instead of applying the cement and abrasive to only one side of the backing. they may be applied to both sides by supplying both sides with the adhesive and distributing grit by suitable means thereon. Where the sheet is coated on both sides with the abrasive, top coats of the cement may be applied heated to between and 100 (1., and by supplying warm airto hasten the drying and curing. e. g., by polymerization, oxidation, etc., of the adhesive andwaterproofing materials.
In general, the method of applying the waterproof cement, by spreading it evenly over the paper or fabric, and by applying the powdered abrasive thereto (such as emery powder, glass powder, etc.) is similar to that commonly employed when using glue and other material as adhesive or cement, and the drying or curing of the cement may be carried out in the same way that varnish films or layers are commonly dried or cured to convert the varnish films into a waterproof film or coating.
The improved product of the present inventionso obtained is a substantially waterproof and in addition a substantially fireproof abrasive sheet, with both the sheet backing and the waterproof cement, as well as the powdered abrasive material itself, fireproof or incombustiblein the sense that they resist combustion and prevent burning of the product or render the material substantially fireproof.
Variations can be made in the amounts and proportions of the ingredients used, as Well as in the ingredients themselves, and in the particular procedure employed in making the new composite fireproof and waterproof sheet abrasive without departing from the'spirit and scope of the invention.
It will thus be seen that the invention provides a new and improved flexible sheet abrasive which has the important advantage of being fire resistant or fireproof, and that the sheet abrasive is fireproofed both in the sheet backing and in the adhesive cement applied thereto. l/Vhile the advantages of the invention are obtainable in part by fireproofing only the backing or the cement, the portion which is not fireproofed remains combustible, while by specially fireproofing both the backing and the adhesive, a composite product is obtained which is substantially fireproof or fire resistant throughout, even though it is made up of a cloth or paper backing and of a varnish composition which, without the fire roofing treatment or ingredients, would e of a readily combustible or inflammable nature. The present invention accordingly makes possible the utilization of ingredients which commonly give a readily combustible or inflammable roduct, but with the production instead 0 a substantially incombustible, or fireproof, or fire resistant product.
I claim:
1. A flexible sheet abrasive material comprising a flexible backing, an abrasive, and a stable and permanently flexible adhesive for securing said abrasive to said backing, which adhesive is fireproof and remains fireproof and retains its adhesive and flexible properties after being thoroughly wetted.
2. A flexible sheet abrasive material comprising a flexible backing, a fireproof abrasive, end a stable and permanently flexible adhesive for securing said abrasive to said backing, which adhesive is waterproof and fireproof and remains fireproof and retains its adhesive and flexible properties after being thoroughly wetted.
3. A flexible sheet abrasive material comprising a flexible fireproof and waterproof backing, a fireproof abrasive, and a stable and permanently flexible adhesive for securing said abrasive to said backing, which adhesive is waterproof and fireproof and remains fireproof after being thoroughly wetted.
4. Sheet abrasive material comprising sheet backing and .a waterproof cement for the abrasive secured thereto, said cement containing triphenyl phosphate.
5. Sheet abrasive material comprising sheet backing anda waterproof cement for the abrasive secured thereto, said cement containing ammonium sulphate.
6. Sheet abrasive material comprising sheet backing and a waterproof cement for the abrasive secured thereto, said cement containing triphenyl phosphate and ammonium sulphate.
7. A flexible sheet abrasive product comprising a flexible backing, an abrasive material, and a stable and permanently flexible adhesive for securing the abrasive material to said backing, which adhesive is fireproof.
8. A flexible sheet abrasive product comprising a flexible backing, an abrasive material, and a stable and permanently flexible adhesive for securing said abrasive material to said backing, which adhesive is fireproof and remains fireproof and retains its adhesive and flexible properties in use of the material.
9. An article of manufacture in the nature of sandpaper, comprising a flexible sheet fabric backing, a layer of abrasive material and a stable and fireproof adhesive composition interposed between said layer. of abrasive material and said backing without destroying the flexible properties of the latter, said composition being of a nature to impart waterproof qualities to the article to permanently maintain its adhesive and bonding elfect between said backing and said abrasive material when the article is immersed in water.
10. Sheet abrasive material comprising sheet backing, an abrasive and a fireproof adhesive composition for said abrasive secured thereto, said composition containing triphenyl phosphate and ammonium sulphate.
11. Sheet abrasive material comprising sheet backing, an abrasive and a waterproof and fireproof adhesive composition for securing the abrasive to the sheet backing, said adhesive composition containing a drying oil, a gum and fireproofing compounds of triphenyl phosphate and ammonium sulphate.
Intestimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.
HENRY JOSEPH.
ion
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2645291A (en) * 1948-10-29 1953-07-14 Standard Oil Co Hydraulically fracturing well formation
US3607354A (en) * 1969-11-14 1971-09-21 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Method of delustering polyethylene terephthalate film

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2645291A (en) * 1948-10-29 1953-07-14 Standard Oil Co Hydraulically fracturing well formation
US3607354A (en) * 1969-11-14 1971-09-21 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Method of delustering polyethylene terephthalate film

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