USRE1502E - Improvement in grain-separators - Google Patents

Description

c. B. HUTCHINGS.

Grain Separator.

lneiSsued-June 23,` 1853;

u. ums. Mmmm, wmv-mn. Dy c.

-UNITED STATES PATENT Cruce@ CHARLES B. HUTCHINGS, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN GFtAlN-SEPAFtATORS.`

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 30,679, dated November 20, 1860,' Reissue No. [,502, dated June 23, 1863.

To (LZZ whom it may concern: l,Be it known that I, CHARLES B. Hn'rcn- INGS, of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Grain-Separators; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accom panying drawings, making a part of this specifica tion, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of my machine. Fig.- 2 is an elevation of the right-hand end of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an elevation similar to Fig. 1, but with. the side covering removed. Fig. 4 is a plan of the machine, the top covering being removed. Fig. 5 is an isometrical perspective ofthe shoe S, con taining the riddles s and screens s. Fig. 6 is a similar View of the opposite side ofthe same.

Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several gures.

The nature of this invention will be better understood by reference to the following description of its construction and operation:

A in the drawings represents an equalizing or spreading-board; T, the air or suction tubes 5 E, the spout through which the screens s are fed 5 D, a diaphragm separating the machine vertically into two compartments, and F the fans. There is a strong upward current of air produced by the fans F through the tubes T' and T.

The grain may be fed into the machine and upon the coarse riddles s* at the left-hand side of Eig. 2. The grain all falls through these riddles (leaving al1 the coarse foreign substances to pass oif the opposite end) and is conveyed by a chute-board to the opposite side of the diaphragm or partition D, Fig. 4, Where it is spread over the surface ofthe chuteboard A, preparatory to being exposedto the action ot the strong atmospheric current entering the bottom of the tube Tl from the horizontal section g. Here all the heavy, wellfilled wheat, whether large or small kernelsis carried by its gravity through the current of air, and at once discharged from the machine in a perfectly clean condition, allv the light wheat and foreign substances being separated from it by and carried upl through the tube T with the blast or suction of air. The

point will depend upon the quality of the mass to be cleaned, and will vary, perhaps, from one, half to seven-eighths of the entire bulk. VAll the lighter substances-such as shrunken wheat, oats, chess, ch arf, and dust-are carried by the current through the` tube T, and the upon the screen .sf/,whilethe other substances enumerated, being lighter, are carried forward and either discharged through the spout m or the fan E.

The screens s are vibrated by means of a crank, c, Fig. l, and thegrain deposited upon them is thoroughly screened, removing all kernels of oats, joints of straw, thistleheads, and like substances which the suction may have failed to carry forward and deposit. in the chamber leading to the spout m.

Thewheat is dischargedr through the perforations of the under screen into the smaller compartments, whence it is again subjected to a blast or suction, which should be sufficiently strong `to remove all refuse wheat, chess, and similar substances, but not strong enough to carry over the acceptable wheat that reaches this point, which latter therefore falls down kept separated, as desired. The refuse wheat and chess pass up the tube T and drop through the spout u, Fig. 4.

fans F is similar in both compartments and inv both spouts T and T the density or strength of the current in each being entirely under the control of the operator by means of the regulating-valves B and that to which the rod C is attached, as shown in Fig. 1.

the perforations. of one will be -directly over the blank surface of the one next under it, so that it' two are used one-half the area of eachshould be punched; if three are used onethird (the center section of the middle one) should be punched 5 if four, one-fourth of each, Svc. These screens are designed for separating oats, joints of straw, thistle-heads, and likesubstances from the wheat, and by having a blank surface below the perforated section of each screen such kernels of oats as lnay pass through the perforations of one screen, on striking the blank surface of the proportion of grain thus disposed of at this wheat and oats deposited through the spoutE and may be mixed with the heavy Wheat or The action ot' the current produced by the The screens s should be so punched that next endwise fall to afhorizontal position, and

being longer than the wheat kernels they slide over the vpunched section of that screen and are discharged from the machine, while the Wheat is all screened through.

The riddles s were designed simply for separating sticks, stones, or other coarse substances from the grain, but when the latter is properly cleaned by the ordinary fanning-mill these riddles may be entirely dispensed with,in which case the area of the fine screen s may be increased to the full size of the shoe S, Fig. 6, and the grain may be fed into the machine vertically at the top of the tube T, Figs. l and 3, instead of at the bottom, by making an opening through the top of the case at that point, Where it would be necessary to have the air-ind uctin g section g of the tube arranged to produce a horizontal current of air at that point, the same, (as shown in the drawings,) as at the bottom of the tube, and the e'ect o' the blast upon the descending grain would be the same in either case, and would also be if inducted at any point between the top and bottom. This effect is the separation from the bulk of all the light Wheat, oats, chess, and other light substances and delivering the light Wheat and oats through the spout E upon the screens s", by means of the blast or current of' air, While all the heavier, Well-filled Wheat is allowed, by virtue of its specitic grav ity, to drop through the horizontal current and be at once dischargedfrom the machine, without passing through the screens s at all. The object of this preliminary separation of the light wheat, Src., from the aggregate by the fan F is to relieve the screens s from the incuinbrance of all the rst quality of the wheat, which consists generally ot' at least two-thirds of the entire bulk, and by disposing of such proportion Without the-use of the screens s" at all, with a separator of a given screening capacity, there may be from tWo to four times the amount of grain cleaned in a given time that can be by any other machine constructed and operated as heretofore. For instance, if the grinding-mill requires a supply ot one hundred and fifty bushels per hour and the separator disposes of one hundred through the blast, which proportion is less thanvan average, then the machine has but titty bushels of the mixed grain to dispose of through the screens s, and which will be much more perfectly separated than the Whole amount could possibly be iny even a longer time if it all had to pass through `the said screens s.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters latent, is

l. The tubes T and T, screens s, and division D, or their mechanical equivalent, Wh en construct-ed, arranged, and operated substantially in the manner and for the purposes specitied.

2. The relative arrangement of the screens s", the blank surface ot' one being opposite the perforated section ot' the one next above it, as specified, so as to catch the kernels of oats or other similiar grain which may pass through the upper screen and strike the blank surface of the next endwise and cause them` to fall to a horizontal position, and thereby pass over the perforated section of this screen and be discharged at the side of the machine, While the Wheat kernels, being short, pass through the perforations, as and for the purpose described.

' C. B. HUTGHINGS.

Witnesses: v

-JosnPH QUALTROUGH,

WM. S. LoUGHBonoUGH.

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