USRE14747E - A cobpobatxon of new jbbset - Google Patents

Description

H. E. KLEFFEL.

MECHANICAL STOKER.

APPucATIoN FILED sEPT.1s.19|9.

Reissued Nov.4, 1919.

Inverf? www H. E. KLEFFEL.

MECHANICAL STOKEH.

APPLIAnoN man SEPT. 1S, :919.

ReisslwdNov. 4, 1919.

14:,"747".L 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

/To all whom it may concern.'

UNITED .STATES Hamsoirn xLmFEL, or NnwYonx, N. Y.,

l,- pTiuvr OFFICE.

AssIoNon. To *ran UNDER-FEED erom 00mm 0F AMERICA, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN', A. CORPORATION 0F NEW JERSEY.

MECHANICAL sroxnn.v

Speeioation of Reissued Lettera ratent. Reiggued Nov, 4, 1919 Original Io. 1,870,171, dated June 18, 1918, Serial No. 202,374, med lNovember 1G, 1917. Application `for reime ma september 1s, une,l serial Naseem..

Be it known thatv I, HARRISON E. KmnFrEL,

l a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New vYork, borough of Man- Kfha'ttan, 1n the. county and 'State of New York, have invented anew and yImproved Mechanical Stoker, of which the following 1s a, specification,

.This invention relates to steam-boiler or similar furnaces and has particular reference to mechanical stokers. Underfeed Stoke'rs are widely used for relatively small installations, in which the green coal is ramfed from` a single hopper intoand along a single lon 'tudlnal retort,- having its'mouth or top sui1 ntially horizontally disposed, the burning coal being distributed laterally from the retort, by gravity or by movement of lateral lfeedparts, across the retort-flanking floor-surfaces-either dead plates or gratos-which slopev down and toward the side-walls; ash removal beinge'ected near the side walls. In some res ects my invention relates especially to th1s general class of single-retort stokers and it has among its 'objects to improve the fuel distributive action and means therefor and the resultant functioning of the Stoker.

Another object of the invention is to improve the connections between the feeder mechanism and the movable grate devices whereby both sets of these devices may be operated simultaneously and from a single source of power.

. With the foregoing and other objects in view the invention consists in the arrangement and combination of parts `hereinafter described and claimed, and while the invention is not restricted to the exact details of construction disclosed or suggested herein, still .for the purpose of illustrating a prac;

tical embodiment thereofreference is had lto the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate the same parts in the several views, and in which- Figure 1 is a vertical central longitudinal i section indicating my improvedv device; Fig. '"2 is a plan view; Flg. 3 is a vertical translverse section approximately on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 3.* is a sectional detail on the /line 3*-3of Eig. 3; Fig. 4 is a front eleva- A drawings I indicate as an lillustration o f the preferred embodiment of my invention, its application to a standard form of steam boiler'furnace having'a front vWall 10, a rear wall" 11, a base or floor 12, side walls 13, a series of water-tubes 14, a fresh air channel 15 along the center'ofthe base and ash pits 16 at the sides.

At the Yfront of the furnace is arranged an opentopped hopper 17 from or throu h willich the fuel lis ed or delivered into the fire pot. The bottom of the hopper communicates with the fuel-channel, which comprises a ram-casing or tubular-member 18, a main longitudinal retort 27, and lateralbranch retorts 30. These retort-elements form parts of the lire-box licor that, preferably, has its longitudinal surfaces in horizontal lines (Fig.` 1)', but that laterally down-slopes on both sides from themainretort mouth toward the side walls13 (Fi of the hopper communicates therewith. Thev feeder block 19 conforms in shape and size to the inner surface of the throat portion 18 lin which it is adapted to be reciprocated by any suitable power devices, but communicated thereto through a shank 24 lhaving a series of rack teeth 25 formed thereon. The tongue portion 20 ofthe plunnot shown,

Y Ager is tapered toward the rear end, the upper vin'a transverse horizontal' direction.

extreme rear end of the tongue is V-shaped surface of the tongue being substantially horizontal while the bottom of the tongue is inclined upwardly `toward the rear providing the taper in a verticall direction, while the side walls andtongue converge toward the rear constituting the taper thexpln or pointed and is preferably supported upon a Vlshaped from Fig. 1 that the bottom edgeor surface of the tongue is in alinement with the bottom portion of the throat 18 and vhence is parallel to the axis of the shank 24. The vertical taper of the tonguetherefor corresponds substantially to the upward inclination of the bottom of the fuel channel. It will be seen therefore that when the plunger is moved forwardly bringing the rear end ofthe block 19 in front of the outlet from the hopper to admita quantity ofv coal into the fuel channel the top surface of the tongue will approach the bottom of said channel. Furthermore when the plunger is forced ,rearwardly and upwardl the block 19 will act positively against t e mass of coal admitted behind it and force the same rearwardly through the throat 18* and at the same time the tongue will be lifted while it glides rearwardly and u wardly along the inclined bottom of the fue channel, and thus the coal, in repeated reciprocations of the plunger, will be forced upwardly due to the rise of the plunger and rearwardly and laterally through the distributing retorts or channels due to the rearward taper .ofv the plunger. The degree of taper will, of course, be designed according to the length of the fire box and the degree of inclination of the fuel channel. Y

The guide block 26 supporting'the rear pointed end of the tongue 20 'serves to'hold the plunger from lateral vibrationand more particularly servesto prevent the fuel from working beneath `the rear end of the tongue.

- The main retort or fuel channel is shown best in Fig. 3 and constitutes a longitudinal gutter-like structure 27, lthe bottom of which comprises only a pair of guide rails 28 supf porting the tongue 20 having bearing flanges 29. The reciprocating tongue therefore constitutes the real bottom of the fuel channel or retort 27.. These v flanges, as

guide block 26. It will be noted ways parallel to the top of the main retort the upward and rearward taperof the plun-v er provides that the cross-sectional area of e retort is substantially the same at all points throughout`its length, and yet its sides are approximately parallel.

DraftA trunks 32 intervene between, and

.form the side-walls of, the several lateral retorts 30, and at their higher inner ends (which form the interrupted side-walls of the main retort 27) they project well upward and inward toward the vertical central plane of the retort, as shown in Fi 3 and 3. Such construction tends to aidgs the feed-tongue in effecting a force feed along the lateral retort-branches and also brings the "air-trunks well toward the middle of the furnace-floor so as to supply ample air to the median 'zone of the fire. The tOp of each of these air trunks 32 is provided with outwardl inclined slits or twyers 33, the planes o the sever-al slits of each trunk being arran ed fan-shaped or toward the verticalat t e upper or centralend of each trunk. Air is admitted' freely through the bottom of the trunks from the main central air chamber 34 communicating with the draft channel 15.l Portions of the coal pushed upwardly and laterally b the tongue 20 of the plunger pass upwardly between adjacent trunks 32 of the same series. Thus the fuel is formed into a relatively thin bed extending over the fuel channel,

air trunks and slotted grateA walls 31 approximating the form indicated by the dotted line 35 in Figi 3. Thron hout its progress throu h the main and ranch retorts the green fuel lreceives air above -its'bottom layer,` so that active combustion takes place above the greencoal in accordance with well known underfeed principles. Before it reaches the gratesurfaces 31 the entire coal body,'being -worked outthrough the lateral retorts of progressive] -deereasing depth, will be ignited, and be ore the fuel reaches the ash dun'ijps it will be substantiallyvburned out. he ucts of combustion accumulate.A laterall the mound of fuel approximating thev orm indicated at 36. These products of combus-' ashes or other solid prodtion may be delivered downwardly into the ash pits 16 by operation of themovable ashdumps or vshaking grate bars v37 mounted upon shafts 38 journaled lon itudinally of the furnace along or near t e side walls thereof. The side walls of the air chamber 34 -are rovided with any suitable character of drag regulators 39 mounted upon shafts 40, each having a handle, or its equivalent, at 41'at the front end of the furnace to conthe grates may be cut down without lessening the draft to the retort twyers.

For the purpose of operating the mov'- able ash dumps 37 mechanically andautotrol the position thereof,so that the draft to matically, I provide a rock shaft ,42' 'ournaled transversely across the front o the furnace and ha a. pinion 43 meshing with the rack teeth above described. At

each reciprocation ofthe shank 24 the teeth f shafts 38 and adapted -tobe clutched thereto by an suitable type of clutch indicated genera y at 47 and each under the control of the operator through a hand lever 48. If the movable dump bars 37 are to be operated at each reciprocation of the lunger obviously the clutches 47 dwill be eld connecting the shafts 38 and 46, but if either of the grate bars is to be stopped the operator will shift the clutch raccordingl .but without interferin with the action o the plunger and feede'rb ock thereon.

lateral taper ofthe tongue.

49 I may provide-fins or ribs extending ythe rear the coal will nevertheless 5 to 9 it wi be observed that above the tongue portion 20 abuts squarely against the body of-coal received from the hop er and hence this portion of the feeder block acts or toward twe furnace. Irrespective, therefore, of the condition `of the coal in the fuel channel 27 eachtime the block 19 isreciprocated forwardly there will-be an additional amount'of coal received back of the ram or block 19 and on the next rearward reci rocation the bulk of this coal just received will be forced rearwardly, pushing in turn any reviously admitted coal back or above it Eventhough the top surface of the tongue is not inclined downwardl toward e moved rearwardly due to the ram action and to the As indicated at transversely across orY along the -upper curved surface of the tongue whichwill serve not only to strengthen and stiifenvthe ton e, but also as positive pushing means to acilitate the rear distribution of the coal.

The extension, laterally, of the area over which the coal is underfed, as a result of' the provision of lateral branch retorts, is

intended to and does give my Stoker a greatly increased fuel-consumption rate as le-retort 'stokers A larger quantit of coa may be handled by the stoker; co and gas-consumption are expedited, and t e supplyhof twyer-fed air` is greatly augmented. e green coal ma be spread to a rather uniform depth an in a rather shallow bed throughout this laterally enlarged retort area. All these factors contribute to the fgl'reatly beneficial results that low grade itively to force the coal into` els -maybe burned the top surface of the tongue acts forcefullyl to keep the lire properly broken up for airpassage, and to prevent formation of large clinkers along the retort-walls.

, I claim:

1. In a mechanical Stoker, the combina` tion of av grate structure having a central retort, the to wardly and rearwardly inclined flangesbut being otherwise open, and av plunger arran insaid retort whose top is parallel to t e top of the retort and whosev bottom isvupwardly inclinedand coperating with said flanges constitutes the real bottom forthe retort. v v

` 2. In a mechanical Stoker, the combination of a retort having rigid 4walls and a top arranged in a horizontal plane lbut whose bottom is open, and areci rocating plun er in said retort, the top o the plunger` ing parallel to the top of the retortwhile the bottom thereof is inclined upwardly' and rearwardly and constitutes the closure for the retort bottom.

of which is horizontal and` the bttom o which is provided with up- Referring again to the lunger shown in detail in F1 ll7 1 the rear en of the block19 where it projects 3 In a mechanical stoker, the combinav tion of a suitably arranged retort from which extend laterally a plurality of branch retorts the tops' of'which are in substantially the same horizontal plane, the Walls between the adjacent branch retorts constituting air' trunks, and a. reciprocating plunger in the main` retort serving when .reciprocated to convey the coal upward and rearward along the main retort and vlaterally from the main retorts. v

4. In a mechanical Stoker, the combination of a rigid grate construction provided with a central retort from the opposite sides of which extend series of branch retorts,

retort into the branch the top ofthe wall structures between ad- 1' acent rctorts of the same series being holw constitutingl air trunks and having their tops extended upward and inward toward the vertical central plane of the main retort, and 'a reciprocating plunger in the .main retort, the to of the plunger being parallel to the tops o said trunks, while the bottom thereof, is upwardly and rearwardly tapered whereby the top of the plunger will be f j moved i `:lanen of lthe i topsof the inciden ywith the Y v,between adjacent branch retorts constituting 5.111, a. mech feelsakes the combina-1 tion of arigid'grateffsticture including-ah main retort fromwhichextend 'a s erie's of lateral 'branch the wall. Astructure air trunks the topsof-which lie in'thesame retort, the tomof the pl wardly and rearwardlyinclingdwhereby die,

horizontal Eatne, and al plunger in the main plunger isliftedat reach reciprothevelticaldistan below its' l laterall cation -while the top ofthe pl r is hor-i` v'zontal and 'hence-' galways p el to the' horizontal plane` 'aforesaid irrespective of e.. i? a mechanical, Seeker, the. carabina; tion o va grate structure comprising a main retort from which extend la tween'jadjacent' branch retorts constituting air trunks-which eldiid upwardliii- I. "toward the central plane ofthe main retort, the to surface of of said trunksl` provi ed with. transverse slits ina series of fan shaped planes, the uppermost'slits lying in planes nearest ver,-

" tical, and areciprocating plunger located in' the mainretort, said plun rbeing tapered `rearwai-dl whereby at eac rearward reciprocationL-*t ereof` coal will be forced upward and rearward along thel main retort and intoand lthrough the branch retorts, e` distribution being substantially equal in all directions.v

' 7, In a mechanical Stoker, the combinatonof a rigid grate structure havingla main retort with substantially parallel e walls and open bottom dened parallel u wardly inclinedv supporting liyanges, said si e walls being broken and establishing com- -vmincationfbetween the main retort and a reciprocating plunger having a substantially straig series of branch retorts on each :side of the retort, the wallsbetiiveen adjacent branch retorts c'onstituti ch are e same horizontal plane, anda plunger in the main" retort said lit upper surface `parallel to .said horizontal plane v while-the vbottom thereof is inclined upwardl and rearwardly, the body portion of the p unger being tapered rearwardly and yet provided' with parallel edge flanges cooperating with said supporting flanges.

8. In a mechanical stoker, the combina- I tion a main lixed grate havinga central retort and aseries of branch retorts extending laterally therefrom on either side, the.

' top'of'tlie grate along the main retort being horizontal ybut inclined laterally therefrom i the branch retorts, a movable dumpi member `along the bottom edge of h inclined portion of the grate, al recipumvaldly pro'ectingairti'imks the tops o w rocating plunger in the main retort servig to convey the' fuel upward and rearwa valong the sai'ne and simultaneously,` laterally Aalo -the branch retorts, and means to mechanically operate the movable atekmembers'from and simultaneously with the re- Iciproca'tions .of the plun r.

9. Ina Stoker, the com ination of'a longif tudinal retort and transverse branch retorts opening thereto at their inner ends the walls betweenfthe vbranch retorts providing air trunks andhav'ing twyers, and means for feeding fuel along retorts.

.10. In a stoker, the combination o f a charging ram, a longitudinal retort opening thereto and having lateral branch retorts extendingtherefroni, the walls between the branchV retorts constitutin air-trunks and having vtwyers 'along t e branch-retort mouths, whereby the een fuel, underfed laterallyto greater wi th than thatof the main retort, is coked and burned in rather lsiyer and. combustion rate is increased. 11 n la Stoker, the combination of a charging, rain,` a longitudinal retort openthe main and the Ting thereto and having lateral branch retorts vei'rtending" therefrom, 'the walls between the branch retorts constitutin air-trunks and having twyers along t e branch-retort mouths, and means supplementing said ram and located inthe main retort for aiding the feed from' the `main retort along the branch-- retorts.

*extending therefrom, these branch-retorts down-sloping along their mouths and ro- -gressively decreasing in depth toward t eir outer ends, said retorts having air-supply twyers along their mouths, means'fr feeding fuel alongv the main and branch retorts and open grates ankin the ends of the branch-retorts, whereby t e fuel is underfed and coked throughout lateral areas greatly in excess of the mainretort width and fed 'with airV through the fuel-mass when laterally beyond the retort-area,

14. A mechanical stoker having, in its firebox floor, a main longitudinal retort and two series of lateral branch retorts Iat substantially. right angles thereto, the latter separate'd by walls forming air trunks and having tvxers communicating with the air space bel w e floor, open grates flanking the ends 13 0 of the lateral branch retorts and having air chambers therebelow. and means for regulating the supply of air to said chambers below the grates.

A15. A mecli-anical stoker having a main retort, branch retorts leadlng laterally there-v from` and reciprocating means' to feed fuel alon the main retort, said means arranged to litt portions of the fuel bed, in reci rocating, to augment the feed along the ranch 10 retorts and tend to break up the live fuelbed and minimize packing and clinkering.

-, HARRIsOiiI E. KLEFFEL.

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