USRE14636E - welch - Google Patents

Description

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ILUIi B. WEDGE, OI WESTFIELD, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOB TO THE WELCH GRAPE JUICE 001mm, 0] WESTFIELD, NEW YORK, A. CORPORATION 01 NEW YORK.

METHOD OF TREATING GRAPES.

Specification of Beissued Letters Patent. Reisgfled Apr 15, 1919,

I0 Drawing. Original No.- 1358327, dated Il arclrli, 1918, Serial No. 184,470, filed August 4, 19 17. Application for reissue filed February 18, 1919. Serial No. 277,877.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, PAUL R. Wanon, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident of Westfield, in the county of Chautauqua, in the State of New York, have invented a new and novel Method of Treating Grapes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to a new and novel method of treating grapes.

The primary object of the invention is to produce an eflicient, economical and improved method of treatin grapes in the manufacture of gra e pro nets and the recovery of the resi ual or by-groducts of grapes. Reference is hereby ma e to my copending divisional ap lication Serial No. 187,537, filed Aug. 22n 1917, and. which I am about to abandon in favor of this application.

" The present or usual method of treating' grapes in the manufacture of grape products comprises the crushing or stemming of the grapes in any suitable manner. The crushed 1 pes are usually heated to give color and y to the expressed juice, whentheultimate separation of the juice from the other grape material is contemplated.

Such heatin is however some times omit-, ted, particulafiy in treating grapes in the manufacture of white grape juice and is not, therefore, essential to this procem.

The.. orushed-grapes, either heated or un- .heated-arethen pressed in the usual by- .81.

is separated from the pomace. Ipresent'conditions, this pomace contains the the draulie' wine 'or cider press, whereb nder seeds and comprises a proximately of moisture, and has usua ly been thrown away orat best, used as a fertilizer.

e juice so expressed is then sterihzed-or preserved in any suitable manner and stored in containers, usually of glass. 1

After several months of stora%, the excess argol (lees) or potassium i-tartrate separates from the juice and preci itates partly in the form-of small crysta and partly in the form of a fine sand or mud.

This precipitate is a valuable by-product and can be sold for cream of tartar mama etc., the of and factu fiplziuice being drawn or comprising the pulp distribution depending largelyupon whether.

This process has many disadvantages over the process which I am about to describe( The following may be noted.

1. The necessity of usin powerful and expensive equipment in the initiahoperation of expressing the juice from the apes as for instance, presses of the hydraulic type.

2. The inability of recovering the maximum amount of argol, duein part to the loss of that portion of the same included in and remaining in the pomace cake.

3. The difiiculty of completely separating argol in the form of fine sand or mud from the grape juice.

4. The practical impossibility of utilizing the usual h draulic presses, except in connection wit grapes retaining a substantial body, and therefore, before the seeds are re; moved from the grapes. 5. The practical impossibility of separat- 111g the grape seeds from the pomace cake, whereby-the former may be utilized to produce other valuable by-products such-as grape-seed oil and grape-seed meal.

6. The fact that .the pomace cake .contains the seeds materially afiects its availability for the manufacture of products I have in mind, viz :-grape jam and'grape butter.

Other disadvantages may appear from the following description:

The novel process of this application elimrated from the grapes as the first step in the operation. I V V A A portion of the grape skins remains with the se'eds and ordinarily another portion is separated with the composite body and juice, the relative the pee are heated or unheated, and the kin .of pulping machine used.

If unheated the skins largely remain w th the seeds. If a" of r the pe ki iwnb d d wi t e o posite body comprising the ul-pend juice. a '2. The, composite body:"comprising pulp and juice may-then besterilized el -otherwise preserved and stored in. containers which may be glass, stone jugs, barrelsand the like.

I do not desire to limit mysel-fto the sterilization or'the preservation of the pulp and juice as essential to the invention or as ac- .complished in anfy particular way when effected'asi-nftliepre erablemanner of carrying out the method herein, as such step maybe omitted, the composite body comprising the pulp, juice and Jargol beingv stored as it comes from the pulping machine in tanks, etc., under refrigeration, orcarbonic acid gastreatment."

3. The composite body comprising the pulp, juice and. argol is allowed to stand or a period of several months, which period may be shortened by cold treatment. During this period. the argol or potassium bitart rate will form in definite crystals quite uniformly distributed throughout the entire composite body, such crystals, as shown in my experiments, being of'material size andgranular in form.

4. These crystals and also argol heretofore lost in the :pomace may be recovered in any suitable manner, as by a screening machine such as a sugar type centrifugal equipped with proper. size mesh screen, the pulp and juice being thrown out and the argol crystals retained.

The steps so far described constitute the process so far as the recovery of argol and the production of a composite body of pulp and juice is concerned and where itis desired to utilize the composite body ofpulp and juice, without separation of the uice from the pul in the manufacture of grape 1 'roducts suc as fruitjams, fruit. marmathe pomace cake is a composite-body of pu ades or fruit butters, the process may be 45 considered as terminated and within the scope of certain of the claims hereto .ap pended, or-

5. The combined ape juice and ulp may then be subjecte to pressure in a lter press which will deliver the juice for hottling and discharge the pulp in acake containing a minimum amount 'of moisture. This moisture content under proper conditions will be less than that contained in produced in the process heretofore used. y

This pulp or pomace cake contains a valuable quantity of protein, nitrogen-free extract, sugars, carbohydrates, etc., and may be dried and used as astock food, or used in combination with entire grape ulp (that p an juice) or other fruit juices or pulps m the manufacture of a fruit jam or a fruit butter. "The latter processes and products as distinguised 'haps preferable in carrying from the method of treating grapes herein described and claimed, toget er with the process ofv roducingflgrapej seed oil may torm the; su ject, matter. of Lather applicati ons, and "reference is hereby made Letters Patent no; 1,27 7 ,672 issued 1 me Sept. 3rd,, 1918. j p I Although I have described a process comprising a s ecific seriesof v'st'ep'sand definite methods 0 effectingv each step, all as perout n. invention, I do not desire to limit mysebf same, as many changes, substitutions and OIHlSSlOIlS may be made in each and all of the same without departing fromlthe spirit of this invention, or the scope of the claims hereto appended.

What'I claim'is:

1. The method of treating grapes comprising. separatingthe seeds from the pulp and juice, storin the pulp and juice until the ar 1 crysta liz'es, separatin the crystallize argol from the pulp an juice, and then separating the juice from the pulp. I

2. The'method of treating grapes consisting in heating the grapes, introducing the heated grapes into'a pulpi machine whereby the seeds are separate? from the pul and juice, sto'rin then separating the juice from the pulp.

3. The method of treating grapes comprising separating the seeds from the pulp and juice, sterilizing the pulp and juice, storing the pulp and juice until the argol cry'stallizes, separating the crystallized argol from the pulp and juice, and then separating the juice from the pulp.

4. The method of treating grapes con to the the pulp and' juice untilthe ar 01 crysta lizes, separating the crys-,- tallize argol from the pulp and juice, and

sisting in heatingthe' grapes, introducing T the heated' grapes into a pulping machine whereby the seeds are separated from the pulp and juice, sterilizing the pulp and juice, storin the pulp and juice lmtil the argol crysta lizes, separating the crystal lized argol from the pul and juic, and then separatingthe juice rom the pulp.

5. The method of treating grapes coinprising separating the seeds from the pul and uice storin the pulp and, nice until the argol crystal izes, screening t e or stallized argol from the pulp and juice, an then separating the juice from the pulp.

6. The method of treating grapes comprising separating the seeds fromthe pulp and juice, sterilizing the pulp and juice, storing the pulp and juice until the argol crystallizes, separating the crystallized argol from the ulp and juice, and then separating the juice from the pulp. o

7. The method of treating grapes compr1s ing separating the stems and seeds and skins from the pulp and the juice, storing the pulp and juice until the argol crystallizes, sepafrom the 14,ase

rating the crystallized argol from the pulp and uice, uilmd then separating the juice 8. The inethod of treating grapes comprising segregating the pulp and juice, separatin excess argol from the pulp and ju1ce, and t en separating the juice from the pulp.

9. The method of treating grapes comprising the formation of a composite body of gra material, the crystallization of the argol 1n definite crystals'throughout said composite body, and the separation of the juice from the composite body.

10. The method of treating grapes comprising the formation of a composite body of grape material, the crystallization of the argol in definite crystals throughout said composite body, separating the crystallized argol from the composite body, and then separating the juice from the other grape material comprising the composite body.

11. The method of treating grapes comprising the formation of a composite body of grape material of consistency sufficient to effect the formation by crystallization of a substantiallyuniform, distribution of definite argol crystals throughout the entire composite body, permitting the formation of such argol crystals, and separating the grape juice from the composite body and the crystallized argol.

12. The method of treating grapes comprising the formation of a composite body of grape material of consistency sufficient to effect the formation by crystallization of a substantially uniform distribution of definite argol crystals throughout the entire composite body, permitting the formation of such argol crystals, separating the crystallization argol from the composite body, and then separating the juice from the other grape material comprising the composite body.

13. The method of treating grapes comprising the crystallization of the argol in a composite body of grape material including pulp and juice, and separating the argol from the pulp and juice.

14. The method of treating grapes comprising the crystallization of the argol in a composite body of grape material including pulp and juice and of a consistency suflicient to effect a substantially uniform distribution of definite crystals throughout the composite body, and separating the crystallized argol from the pulp and juice.

15. The method of treating grapes comprising separating the grape seeds from the grape ulp and grape juice, storing the composite ody of pulp and juice until the argol crystallizes and separating the crystallized argol from the pulp and juice.

16. The method of treating gra comprising separating the grape seeds rom the grape pulp and grape juice, storing the composite bo y of pu p and juice until the argol forms in definite cr stals throughout the composite body, an separating the crystallized ar 1 from the pulp and juice.

17. The met od-of'treatlng grapes comprising separation of the grape seeds from the grape pulp and grape juice, sterilizing the composite body of pulp and juice, permitting the argol to form in definite crystals throughout such body, and separating the crystallized argol from the pulp and juice.

18. The method of treating grapes consisting in reducing the grapes to a pulpy 7 mass, the composite body of pulp and juice being of a consistency sufiicient to effect a substantially uniform distribution of definite argol crystals throughout the body, permitting argol to form in such definite crystals, and separating the crystallized argol from the pulp and juice. I

19. The method of treating grapes comprising the crystallization of the argol in a composite body of grape material including pulp and juice, and screening the definite argol crystals from the'pulp and juice.

20. The method of treating grapes comprising separating the grape seeds from the grape pulp and grape juice, storin the composite body of pulp and juice unti the argol crystallizes, and screening the definite argol crystals from the pul and juice.

21. The method to treating grapes consisting in reducing the grapes to a pulpy mass, the composite body of pulp and juice being of a consistency suflicient to eifect a substantially uniform distribution of definite argol crystals throughout the body, permitting the argol to form in such definite crystals, and screening the definite argol crystals from the pulp and juice.

22. The method of treating grapes comprising the crystallization of argol in a composite body of gra e material including pul and juice, an seprating the crysta'lllzed argol from the pulp and juice.

PAUL R. WEDCH.

Witnesses:

A. P. OAKES, F. G. SPARKS.